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Reshetova E, Asnin L. Retention mechanisms of rasagiline and its analogues on superficially porous particle vancomycin- and teicoplanin-based chiral stationary phases. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1704:464120. [PMID: 37315444 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Retention and separation of enantiomers of amine derivatives of indane and tetralin (rasagiline and its analogues) on chiral stationary phases (CSPs) Chiral-T and Chiral-V with teicoplanin and vancomycin antibiotics grafted onto superficially porous silica particles under conditions of reversed-phase and polar organic chromatography were studied. The mobile phases (MP) were water-methanol and acetonitrile-methanol solvents modified with triethylamine-acetic acid buffer. The effects of molecular structure and physical properties of the analytes on enantioselective retention are discussed. The retention mechanism is hypothesized to involve the ion-ion attraction between the positively charged amino group of an analyte and the carboxylate anion of either antibiotic. The binding occurs outside of the antibiotic's aglycon basket that accounts for relatively low enantioselectivity observed. The presence of a large substitute at the analyte's amino group complicates enantiorecognition. The effect of the MP solvent composition on retention and enantioseparation was investigated. It is a complex phenomenon combined of different oppositely directed influences that resulted in different shapes, increasing, decreasing, or U-shaped, of the retention factor vs. composition dependences. A model taking into account the interaction of both solvents of a binary MP with both an analyte and an adsorption site was successfully applied to approximate a majority of the studied systems. Pros and cons of the model are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Reshetova
- Institute of Technical Chemistry of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Academician Korolev Str., Perm 614013, Russia.
| | - Leonid Asnin
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, 29 Komsomolsky Al, Perm 614990, Russia
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2
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Lee JT, Berthod A, Armstrong DW. Comparison of core-shell versus fully porous particle packings for chiral liquid chromatography productivity. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2200738. [PMID: 36806481 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
A loading and productivity study was done using three racemates on vancomycin and teicoplanin-bonded chiral stationary phases of different particle formats. Two columns were packed with 2.7 μm superficially porous particles and two columns were packed with identically bonded 5 μm fully porous particles. The last two columns were packed with specially synthesized 4.5 μm vancomycin and teicoplanin superficially porous particles. The loading of different chiral compounds showed that the columns filled with 2.7-μm chiral stationary phases were inappropriate for preparative separations due to their very low permeability which precluded high flow rates. However, columns containing 4.5 μm superficially porous (core-shell) particles were as effective for small-scale preparative chiral separations as columns filled with classical 5 μm fully porous particles. Comparing the 4.5 μm superficially porous particles and 5 μm fully porous particles teicoplanin columns, the observed respective productivities of 270 and 265 mg/g chiral phase/h for 5-methyl-5-phenyl hydantoin enantiomers were obtained. Particular attention was given to the peculiar case of the mianserin enantiomeric separation on vancomycin columns that gave observed productivities of 200 and 205 mg/g chiral phase/h on the 4.5 μm superficially porous particles and 5 μm fully porous particles, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alain Berthod
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Université de Lyon 1, CNRS, Villeurbanne, France.,Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel W Armstrong
- AZYP, LLC, Arlington, Texas, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
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3
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Fu Q, Zhang H, Dai Z, Jiang D, Sun M, Ke Y, Jin Y, Liang X. A ternary eluent strategy to tune the peak shape of steviol glycosides in reversed-phase liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1173:122673. [PMID: 33906077 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, an effective strategy of using acetonitrile-methanol-water as mobile phase was developed to achieve acceptable peak shape of steviol glycosides in reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC). The change of elution profiles of rebaudioside A (RA) was systematically investigated. Two classical distributions, namely, tailing and fronting peaks resulting from injections of RA solution in range of 0.5-5 mg were both observed in a ternary eluent of acetonitrile-methanol-water (21:43:36, v/v). Next, a three-phase diagram of tailing factor (Tf) was illustrated, showing high dependence of elution profile of RA on the ternary composition. The peak shape of RA can be adjusted mainly based on the additive effect, that is, acetonitrile is more strongly adsorbed to the stationary phase than RA in the pure weak solvent (H2O). Therefore, with the increase of acetonitrile concentration in the ternary eluent, the RA band profiles went from being tailing to fronting shapes. At the same time, due to the large RA-RA interactions, there was anti-Langmuir adsorption isotherm in acetonitrile-water mobile phase, which is the reason for the fronting peaks of RA. It could be concluded that the way of using the ternary eluent of acetonitrile-methanol-water does control and tune the peak shape of steviol glycosides in RPLC separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Fu
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhuoshun Dai
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Dasen Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Meng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yanxiong Ke
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yu Jin
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Xinmiao Liang
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China; Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Key Lab of Natural Medicine, Liaoning Province, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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4
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Reshetova EN. Adsorption of mandelic acid enantiomers on chiral stationary phase with grafted antibiotic eremomycin: The effect of the eluent pH. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2020.1842212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena N. Reshetova
- Institute of Technical Chemistry of the Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Science, Perm, Russia
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Glenne E, Samuelsson J, Leek H, Forssén P, Klarqvist M, Fornstedt T. Systematic investigations of peak distortions due to additives in supercritical fluid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1621:461048. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Samuelsson J, Leśko M, Enmark M, Högblom J, Karlsson A, Kaczmarski K. Optimizing Column Length and Particle Size in Preparative Batch Chromatography Using Enantiomeric Separations of Omeprazole and Etiracetam as Models: Feasibility of Taguchi Empirical Optimization. Chromatographia 2018; 81:851-860. [PMID: 29887619 PMCID: PMC5972160 DOI: 10.1007/s10337-018-3519-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The overreaching purpose of this study is to evaluate new approaches for determining the optimal operational and column conditions in chromatography laboratories, i.e., how best to select a packing material of proper particle size and how to determine the proper length of the column bed after selecting particle size. As model compounds, we chose two chiral drugs for preparative separation: omeprazole and etiracetam. In each case, two maximum allowed pressure drops were assumed: 80 and 200 bar. The processes were numerically optimized (mechanistic modeling) with a general rate model using a global optimization method. The numerical predictions were experimentally verified at both analytical and pilot scales. The lower allowed pressure drop represents the use of standard equipment, while the higher allowed drop represents more modern equipment. For both compounds, maximum productivity was achieved using short columns packed with small-particle size packing materials. Increasing the allowed backpressure in the separation leads to an increased productivity and reduced solvent consumption. As advanced numerical calculations might not be available in the laboratory, we also investigated a statistically based approach, i.e., the Taguchi method (empirical modeling), for finding the optimal decision variables and compared it with advanced mechanistic modeling. The Taguchi method predicted that shorter columns packed with smaller particles would be preferred over longer columns packed with larger particles. We conclude that the simpler optimization tool, i.e., the Taguchi method, can be used to obtain "good enough" preparative separations, though for accurate processes, optimization, and to determine optimal operational conditions, classical numerical optimization is still necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörgen Samuelsson
- 1Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences, Karlstad University, 651 88 Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Marek Leśko
- 2Department of Chemical Engineering, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35 959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Martin Enmark
- 1Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences, Karlstad University, 651 88 Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Joakim Högblom
- Akzo Nobel Pulp and Performance Chemicals AB, 445 80 Bohus, Sweden
| | | | - Krzysztof Kaczmarski
- 2Department of Chemical Engineering, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35 959 Rzeszow, Poland
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Fornstedt T, Forssén P, Westerlund D. System peaks and their impact in liquid chromatography. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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8
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Reshetova EN, Asnin LD. Adsorption of ibuprofen enantiomers on a chiral stationary phase with a grafted antibiotic eremomycin. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024415020259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Wahab MF, Anderson JK, Abdelrady M, Lucy CA. Peak Distortion Effects in Analytical Ion Chromatography. Anal Chem 2013; 86:559-66. [DOI: 10.1021/ac402624a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Farooq Wahab
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Gunning/Lemieux Chemistry Centre, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Jordan K. Anderson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Gunning/Lemieux Chemistry Centre, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Mohamed Abdelrady
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Gunning/Lemieux Chemistry Centre, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Charles A. Lucy
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Gunning/Lemieux Chemistry Centre, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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11
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Mao S, Zhang Y, Rohani S, Ray AK. Chromatographic resolution and isotherm determination of (R,S
)-mandelic acid on Chiralcel-OD column. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:2273-81. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Revised: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Mao
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; The University of Western Ontario; London Canada
| | - Yan Zhang
- Faculty of Engineering & Applied Science; Memorial University of Newfoundland; St. John's Canada
| | - Sohrab Rohani
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; The University of Western Ontario; London Canada
| | - Ajay K. Ray
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; The University of Western Ontario; London Canada
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12
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Xiang C, Liu G, Kang S, Guo X, Yao B, Weng W, Zeng Q. Unusual chromatographic enantioseparation behavior of naproxen on an immobilized polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phase. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:8718-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2011] [Revised: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Lao W, Gan J. Characterization of warfarin unusual peak profiles on oligoproline chiral high performance liquid chromatography columns. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:6545-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.08.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2010] [Revised: 06/25/2010] [Accepted: 08/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Characterization of adsorption processes in analytical liquid–solid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:792-812. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2009] [Revised: 12/15/2009] [Accepted: 12/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Asnin L, Gritti F, Kaczmarski K, Guiochon G. Features of the adsorption of Naproxen on the chiral stationary phase (S,S)-Whelk-O1 under reversed-phase conditions. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:264-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2009] [Revised: 11/09/2009] [Accepted: 11/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Gritti F, Guiochon G. Adsorption Behavior of the Three Species of the Biprotic Peptide Phe-Ala onto an End-Capped C18-Bonded Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Stationary Phase. Anal Chem 2009; 81:9871-84. [DOI: 10.1021/ac902027t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Gritti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600
| | - Georges Guiochon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600
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Lämmerhofer M. Chiral recognition by enantioselective liquid chromatography: mechanisms and modern chiral stationary phases. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1217:814-56. [PMID: 19906381 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 514] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2009] [Revised: 09/30/2009] [Accepted: 10/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
An overview of the state-of-the-art in LC enantiomer separation is presented. This tutorial review is mainly focused on mechanisms of chiral recognition and enantiomer distinction of popular chiral selectors and corresponding chiral stationary phases including discussions of thermodynamics, additivity principle of binding increments, site-selective thermodynamics, extrathermodynamic approaches, methods employed for the investigation of dominating intermolecular interactions and complex structures such as spectroscopic methods (IR, NMR), X-ray diffraction and computational methods. Modern chiral stationary phases are discussed with particular focus on those that are commercially available and broadly used. It is attempted to provide the reader with vivid images of molecular recognition mechanisms of selected chiral selector-selectand pairs on basis of solid-state X-ray crystal structures and simulated computer models, respectively. Such snapshot images illustrated in this communication unfortunately cannot account for the molecular dynamics of the real world, but are supposed to be helpful for the understanding. The exploding number of papers about applications of various chiral stationary phases in numerous fields of enantiomer separations is not covered systematically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lämmerhofer
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Molecular Recognition Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 38, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Forssén P, Arnell R, Fornstedt T. A quest for the optimal additive in chiral preparative chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:4719-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2008] [Revised: 03/30/2009] [Accepted: 04/03/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Samuelsson J, Arnell R, Fornstedt T. Potential of adsorption isotherm measurements for closer elucidating of binding in chiral liquid chromatographic phase systems. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:1491-506. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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