1
|
Xu S, Wang J, Deng D, Sun Y, Wang X, Zhang Z. A pretreatment method combined matrix solid-phase dispersion with dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction for polybrominated diphenyl ethers in vegetables through quantitation of gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS). RSC Adv 2023; 13:15772-15782. [PMID: 37250217 PMCID: PMC10209630 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00320e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, a novel pretreatment method for extraction of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) using matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) and depth purification using dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction (DLLME) from vegetables was designed. The vegetables included three leafy vegetables (Brassica chinensis, Brassica rapa var. glabra Regel and Brassica rapa L.), two root vegetables (Daucus carota and Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.), and Solanum melongena L. First, the freeze-dried powders of vegetables and sorbents were evenly ground to a mixture, which was then loaded into a solid phase column containing two molecular sieve spacers, one positioned at the top and the other at the bottom. The PBDEs were eluted with a small amount of solvent, concentrated, redissolved in acetonitrile, and then mixed with extractant. Next, 5 mL water was added to form an emulsion and centrifuged. Finally, the sedimentary phase was collected and injected into a gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS) system. The main factors such as the type of adsorbent, ratio of sample mass and adsorbents, volume of elution solvent used in the MSPD process, as well as the types and volume of dispersant and the, extractant used in DLLME were all evaluated using the single factor method. Under optimal conditions, the proposed method showed good linearity (R2 > 0.999) within the range of 1 to 1000 g kg-1 for all PBDEs and satisfactory recoveries of spiked samples (82.9-113.8%, except for BDE-183 (58.5-82.5%)) and matrix effects (-3.3-18.2%). The limits of detection and the limits of quantification were in the range of 1.9-75.1 g kg-1 and 5.7-25.3 g kg-1, respectively. Moreover, the total pretreatment and detection time was within 30 min. This method proved to be a promising alternative to other high-cost and time-consuming and multi-stage procedures for determination of PBDEs in vegetables.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology No. 99, Xuefu Road Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Junxia Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology No. 99, Xuefu Road Suzhou 215009 China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Dengxian Deng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology No. 99, Xuefu Road Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Yueying Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology No. 99, Xuefu Road Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Xuedong Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology No. 99, Xuefu Road Suzhou 215009 China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Zhanen Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology No. 99, Xuefu Road Suzhou 215009 China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liew CSM, Lee HK. Online water sampling-quickMix-assisted miniscale liquid-liquid extraction coupled with full evaporation dynamic headspace concentration of polybrominated diphenyl ethers. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1673:463123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
3
|
Sajid M. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction: Evolution in design, application areas, and green aspects. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
4
|
Ohoro CR, Adeniji AO, Okoh AI, Okoh OO. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the environmental systems: a review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2021; 19:1229-1247. [PMID: 34150307 PMCID: PMC8172818 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00656-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
PBDEs are human-influenced chemicals utilized massively as flame retardants. They are environmentally persistent, not easily degraded, bioaccumulate in the biological tissue of organisms, and bio-magnify across the food web. They can travel over a long distance, with air and water being their possible transport media. They can be transferred to non-target organisms by inhalation, oral ingestion, breastfeeding, or dermal contact. These pollutants adsorb easily to solid matrices due to their lipophilicity and hydrophobicity; thus, sediments from rivers, lakes, estuaries, and ocean are becoming their major reservoirs aquatic environments. They have low acute toxicity, but the effects of interfering with the thyroid hormone metabolism in the endocrine system are long term. Many congeners of PBDEs are considered to pose a danger to humans and the aquatic environment. They have shown the possibility of causing many undesirable effects, together with neurologic, immunological, and reproductive disruptions and possible carcinogenicity in humans. PBDEs have been detected in small amounts in biological samples, including hair, human semen, blood, urine, and breastmilk, and environmental samples such as sediment, soil, sewage sludge, air, biota, fish, mussels, surface water, and wastewater. The congeners prevailing in environmental samples, with soil being the essential matrix, are BDE 47, 99, and 100. BDE 28, 47, 99, 100, 153, 154, and 183 are more frequently detected in human tissues, whereas in sediment and soil, BDE 100 and 183 predominate. Generally, BDE 153 and 154 appear very often across different matrices. However, BDE 209 seems not frequently determined, owing to its tendency to quickly breakdown into smaller congeners. This paper carried out an overview of PBDEs in the environmental, human, and biota niches with their characteristics, physicochemical properties, and fate in the environment, human exposure, and health effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chinemerem Ruth Ohoro
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa
| | - Abiodun Olagoke Adeniji
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa
| | - Anthony Ifeanyi Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Omobola Oluranti Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700 South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang Y, Zhang Q, Chen S, Cheng L, Jing X, Wang X, Guan S, Song W, Rao Q. Determination of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Water Samples Using Effervescent-Assisted Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Icroextraction with Solidification of the Aqueous Phase. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051376. [PMID: 33806482 PMCID: PMC7961388 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
An effective and sensitive method is necessary for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) pollutants in water. In this study, effervescent-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with solidification of the aqueous phase (EA-DLLME-SAP), followed by Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS-MS) quantitative analysis, was established for the preconcentration and determination of PBDEs in real environmental water samples. 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane was used as the extractant and directly dispersed into the water phase of the aqueous samples with the aid of a large number of carbon dioxide bubbles generated via the acid-base reaction of acetic acid and sodium bicarbonate, which did not require the use of a dispersant during the extraction process. The key factors affecting the extraction recovery were optimized, and an internal standard was used for quantitative analysis, which gave good linearity ranges of 1-100 ng·L-1 (BDEs 28, 47, 99, and 100), 2-200 ng·L-1 (BDEs 153, 154, and 183) and 5-500 ng·L-1 (BDE 209) with limits of quantification in the range of 1.0-5.0 ng·L-1. The accuracy was verified with relative standard deviations < 8.5% observed in tap, lake, river and reservoir water samples with relative recoveries ranging from 67.2 to 102.6%. The presented method contributes to the determination of PBDEs in environmental water samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- College of Food Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201403, China; (Q.Z.); (S.C.); (L.C.); (X.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Qicai Zhang
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201403, China; (Q.Z.); (S.C.); (L.C.); (X.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201403, China; (Q.Z.); (S.C.); (L.C.); (X.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Lin Cheng
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201403, China; (Q.Z.); (S.C.); (L.C.); (X.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Xu Jing
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China;
| | - Xianli Wang
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201403, China; (Q.Z.); (S.C.); (L.C.); (X.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Shuhui Guan
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201403, China; (Q.Z.); (S.C.); (L.C.); (X.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Weiguo Song
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201403, China; (Q.Z.); (S.C.); (L.C.); (X.W.); (S.G.)
- Correspondence: (W.S.); (Q.R.)
| | - Qinxiong Rao
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201403, China; (Q.Z.); (S.C.); (L.C.); (X.W.); (S.G.)
- Correspondence: (W.S.); (Q.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Diuzheva A, Locatelli M, Tartaglia A, Goga M, Ferrone V, Carlucci G, Andruch V. Application of liquid-phase microextraction to the analysis of plant and herbal samples. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2020; 31:687-699. [PMID: 32291862 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The analysis of plant and herbal samples is a challenging task for analytical chemists due to the complexity of the matrix combined with the low concentration of analytes. In recent years different liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) techniques coupled with a variety of analytical equipment have been developed for the determination of both organic and inorganic analytes. OBJECTIVE Over the past few years, the number of research papers in this field has shown a markedly growing tendency. Therefore, the purpose of this review paper is to summarise and critically evaluate research articles focused on the application of LPME techniques for the analysis of plant and herbal samples. RESULTS Due to the complex nature of the samples, the direct application of LPME techniques to the analysis of plants has not often been done. LPME techniques as well as their modalities have been commonly applied in combination with other pretreatment techniques, including a solid-liquid extraction technique supported by mechanical agitation or auxiliary energies for plant analysis. Applications and the most important parameters are summarised in the tables. CONCLUSION This review summarises the application of the LPME procedure and shows the major benefits of LPME, such as the low volume of solvents used, high enrichment factor, simplicity of operation and wide selection of applicable detection techniques. We can expect further development of microextraction analytical methods that focus on direct sample analysis with the application of green extraction solvents while fully automating procedures for the analysis of plant materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alina Diuzheva
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Marcello Locatelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Angela Tartaglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Michal Goga
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology and Ecology, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Vincenzo Ferrone
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carlucci
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Vasil Andruch
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ahmadi-Jouibari T, Noori N, Sharafi K, Fattahi N. Ultra-preconcentration of common herbicides in aqueous samples using solid phase extraction combined with dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction followed by HPLC–UV. TOXIN REV 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2019.1677718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toraj Ahmadi-Jouibari
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini and Mohammad Kermanshahi and Farabi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Negar Noori
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini and Mohammad Kermanshahi and Farabi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Kiomars Sharafi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nazir Fattahi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Solid-Phase Extraction Combined with Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Based on Solidification of Floating Organic Droplet for Simultaneous Determination of Organochlorine Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Fish. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01527-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
9
|
Recent advances in microextraction procedures for determination of amphetamines in biological samples. Bioanalysis 2019; 11:437-460. [DOI: 10.4155/bio-2018-0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphetamine and its related derivatives have stimulant and hallucinogenic properties. Illegal use of these drugs is an increasing global problem resulting in significant public health and legal problems. Deaths have been reported after intake of these drugs due to overdose. It is important to determine the type and concentration of illicit drugs in biological samples. These compounds are found in complex matrices at low concentration levels. The microextraction techniques are dominant sample preparation procedure and they are widely accepted as the most labor-intensive part of the bioanalytical process. For this purpose, a survey of recent published advances in microextraction procedures for quantification of amphetamines in biological samples found in the different databases from 2008 to date will be conducted.
Collapse
|
10
|
Yazdanfar N, Shamsipur M, Ghambarian M. Simultaneous extraction of 32 polychlorinated biphenyls by using magnetic carbon nanocomposite based dispersive microextraction, subsequent dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with two miscible stripping solvents, and quantitation by GC-μECD. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:178. [PMID: 30771010 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3235-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A highly sensitive new method is described for performing dispersive microextractions. It is making use of a magnetic carbon nanocomposite and two miscible organic solvents. The method was applied to simultaneous extraction of 32 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) prior to their quantitation by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. The effects of pH value of sample for both micro solid phase extraction and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, of the amount of sorbent, extraction time, type and volume of the miscible organic solvents and of salt addition were optimized. Figures of merit obtained under optimized conditions (sample solution: 500 ml, volume of disperser solvent, ACN, 1.5 mL; volume of extraction solvent, TCB, 30 μL; extraction time: 50 min, 20 mg magnetic sorbent, centrifuge, 5 min, 4000 rpm), include (a) preconcentration factors between 10,880 and 34,000; (b) repeatabilities of ≤14.9%, (c) detection limits between 0.01 and 0.2 ng kg-1, and (d) linear dynamic ranges from 0.05 to 100 ng kg - 1. The method was applied to the simultaneous analysis of residues in (spiked) real samples of fish, milk, packing sheet, and tap waters. Some of the analytes were found to be present in fish samples. The method is simple, rapid, and more sensitive than any of the previously reported ones. Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of simultaneous extraction of 32 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by using magnetic carbon nanocomposites (MCNs) based dispersive microextraction (M-SPE), subsequent dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) with two miscible stripping solvents, and quantitation by GC-μECD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Yazdanfar
- Iranian Institute of R&D in Chemical Industries(IRDCI) (ACECR), P. O. Box 313751575, Tehran, Iran. .,Department Chemistry
- , Razi University, P. O. Box 6714414971, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Mojtaba Shamsipur
- Department Chemistry
- , Razi University, P. O. Box 6714414971, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Ghambarian
- Iranian Institute of R&D in Chemical Industries(IRDCI) (ACECR), P. O. Box 313751575, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Magnetic effervescent tablet-assisted ionic liquid-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in liquid matrix samples. Talanta 2018; 195:785-795. [PMID: 30625618 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.11.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a novel method, magnetic effervescent tablet-assisted ionic liquid-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (META-IL-DLLME), was pioneered for extraction and preconcentration of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in liquid matrix samples. In this proposed method, a magnetic effervescent tablet, containing CO2 sources, ionic liquids and Fe3S4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), combines extractant dispersion and magnetic recovery into one-step. Fe3S4 was synthesized, characterized and applied it for the first time to the newly developed method, and its extraction recoveries (ERs) for PBDEs were 20.8-32.0% higher than those of conventional Fe3O4 MNPs. The increased ERs of Fe3S4 resulted from its larger specific surface area and pore size. Some important parameters were rigorously optimized, such as kinds of magnetic nanoparticles, effervescent agents, extraction solvents and their volumes, elution solvents, extraction temperature and salt addition. Under the optimized conditions, the META-IL-DLLME method combined with HPLC-DAD analysis gave the linear ranges of 0.1-0.5-100 µg L-1 with correlation coefficients of > 0.9990. The ERs ranged from 80.7% to 99.3%, and the limits of detection and quantitation were 0.012-0.078 µg L-1 and 0.04-0.26 µg L-1, respectively. The intra- and inter-day precisions, expressed as relative standard deviations (RSD, n = 6), were 1.32-4.83% and 1.99-4.25%, respectively. To evaluate its matrix effect, the relative recoveries of PBDEs from tap and river water, skim and whole milk, pregnant women and women serum samples at three fortification levels (2.0, 5.0 and 20.0 µg L-1) were in the range of 77.3-106.7%. Overall, the commercial Fe3O4 MNPs can only be used for magnetic separation in microextraction procedures, while Fe3S4 MNPs gave the higher adsorption and extraction efficiency for organic analytes besides the convenient magnetic separation. Therefore, the results obtained in this study provide a superior alternative for the conventional magnetic separation and adsorbent material. Also, this newly developed method has a great potential in routine monitoring of liquid matrix samples.
Collapse
|
12
|
Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based binary extraction techniques prior to chromatographic analysis: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
13
|
Sajid M, Płotka-Wasylka J. Combined extraction and microextraction techniques: Recent trends and future perspectives. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
14
|
Ajdari B, Nassiri M, Zahedi MM, Ziyaadini M. Determination of phthalate esters in seawater of Chabahar Bay using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled with GC-FID. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 77:1782-1790. [PMID: 29676735 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Phthalate esters (PEs), a group of environmental pollutants which are possibly carcinogenic to humans, have been detected in seawater. Seven PEs in seawater were quantitatively determined by using gas-chromatography flame ionizing detection after executing dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction. The suggested method is optimized for microextraction and determination of PEs in artificial sea water. Factors affecting the microextraction procedure such as the type and volume of extracting and dispersive solvents (carbon tetrachloride, 20 μL; methanol, 0.5 mL), extraction time and pH (7) were investigated. Under optimum conditions, the limit of detection of the analytes were obtained between 0.04 and 4.52 μg·L-1, and linearity and linear range were of 0.999 ≥ R2 ≥ 0.994 and 10-560 μg·L-1 respectively. Enrichment factors were found in the range of 761-827 fold, while the relative standard deviations of the analytes were between 0.17 and 7.5% (n = 6) for real sea water samples. Using this method, total PEs content of seawater from several locations in Chabahar Bay (the southeast part of Iran) was estimated 2.33-90.45 μg·L-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beheshteh Ajdari
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Chabahar Maritime University, P. O. Box: 99717-56499, Chabahar, Iran E-mail:
| | - Mahmoud Nassiri
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Chabahar Maritime University, P. O. Box: 99717-56499, Chabahar, Iran E-mail:
| | - Mir Mahdi Zahedi
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Chabahar Maritime University, P. O. Box: 99717-56499, Chabahar, Iran E-mail:
| | - Morteza Ziyaadini
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Chabahar Maritime University, P. O. Box: 99717-56499, Chabahar, Iran E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
SBA-15/Metformin as a novel sorbent combined with surfactant-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (SA-DLLME) for highly sensitive determination of Pb, Cd and Ni in food and environmental samples. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-017-1272-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
16
|
Zhao P, Lei S, Xing M, Xiong S, Guo X. Simultaneous enantioselective determination of six pesticides in aqueous environmental samples by chiral liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:1287-1297. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Zhao
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning P. R. China
| | - Shuo Lei
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning P. R. China
| | - Mingming Xing
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning P. R. China
| | - Shihang Xiong
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning P. R. China
| | - Xingjie Guo
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang Liaoning P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Application of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Followed by Solid-Phase Extraction Followed by Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction for the Determination of Chloramphenicol in Chicken Meat. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-1048-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
18
|
Dispersive-Solid-Phase Extraction Cleanup Integrated to Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Based on Solidification of Floating Organic Droplet for Determination of Organochlorine Pesticides in Vegetables. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-1040-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
19
|
Nano-sized molecularly imprinted polymer for selective ultrasound-assisted microextraction of pesticide Carbaryl from water samples: Spectrophotometric determination. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 498:313-322. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.03.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
20
|
Cheng H, Bian Y, Song Y, He W, Gu C, Wang F, Yang X, Ye M, Ji R, Jiang X. A solvent free method of analysis to rapidly determine trace levels of ten medium and low brominated diphenyl ethers in soil pore water. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra01261f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A solvent free method to rapidly determine trace levels of ten brominated diphenyl ethers in soil pore water.
Collapse
|
21
|
Asfaram A, Ghaedi M, Dashtian K. Ultrasound assisted combined molecularly imprinted polymer for selective extraction of nicotinamide in human urine and milk samples: Spectrophotometric determination and optimization study. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2017; 34:640-650. [PMID: 27773291 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound-assisted dispersive solid phase microextraction followed by UV-vis spectrophotometer (UA-DSPME-UV-vis) was designed for extraction and preconcentration of nicotinamide (vitamin B3) by HKUST-1 metal organic framework (MOF) based molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP). This new material was characterized by FTIR and FE-SEM techniques. The preliminary Plackett-Burman design was used for screening and subsequently the central composite design justifies significant terms and possible construction of mathematical equation which give the individual and cooperative contribution of variables like HKUST-1-MOF-NA-MIP mass, sonication time, temperature, eluent volume, pH and vortex time. Accordingly the optimum condition was set as: 2.0mg HKUST-1-MOF-NA-MIP, 200μL eluent and 5.0min sonication time in center points other variables were determined as the best conditions to reach the maximum recovery of the analyte. The UA-DSPME-UV-vis method performances like excellent linearity (LR), limits of detection (LOD), limits of quantification of 10-5000μgL-1 with R2 of 0.99, LOD (1.96ngmL-1), LOQ (6.53μgL-1), respectively show successful and accurate applicability of the present method for monitoring analytes with within- and between-day precision of 0.96-3.38%. The average absolute recoveries of the nicotinamide extracted from the urine, milk and water samples were 95.85-101.27%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arash Asfaram
- Chemistry Department, Yasouj University, Yasouj 75918-74831, Iran
| | - Mehrorang Ghaedi
- Chemistry Department, Yasouj University, Yasouj 75918-74831, Iran.
| | - Kheibar Dashtian
- Chemistry Department, Yasouj University, Yasouj 75918-74831, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Recent Advances in the Combination of Assisted Extraction Techniques. COMPREHENSIVE ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.coac.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
23
|
Płotka-Wasylka J, Owczarek K, Namieśnik J. Modern solutions in the field of microextraction using liquid as a medium of extraction. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
24
|
Khalilian F, Rezaee M. Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Followed by Solid-Phase Extraction Followed by Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction for the Sensitive Determination of Diazinon and Chlorpyrifos in Rice. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-016-0653-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
25
|
Mashayekhi HA, Khalilian F. Development of Solid-Phase Extraction Coupled with Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Three Benzodiazepines in Human Urine and Plasma. J Chromatogr Sci 2016; 54:1068-73. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmw031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
26
|
Shirani M, Haddadi H, Rezaee M, Semnani A, Habibollahi S. Solid-Phase Extraction Combined with Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction for the Simultaneous Determination of Deltamethrin and Permethrin in Honey by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-016-0455-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
27
|
Solid-phase extraction in combination with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis: the ultra-trace determination of 10 antibiotics in water samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:1701-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-9284-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
28
|
Huang P, Zhao P, Dai X, Hou X, Zhao L, Liang N. Trace determination of antibacterial pharmaceuticals in fishes by microwave-assisted extraction and solid-phase purification combined with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1011:136-44. [PMID: 26773891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A novel pretreatment method involving microwave-assisted extraction and solid-phase purification combined with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (MAE-SPP-DLLME) followed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was established for the simultaneous determination of six antibacterial pharmaceuticals including metronidazole, tinidazole, chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol, malachite green and crystal violet. The conditions of MAE were optimized using an orthogonal design and the optimal conditions were found to be 8mL for acetonitrile, 50°C for 5min. Then, neutral alumina column was employed in the solid-phase purification. Finally, the critical parameters affecting DLLME, including selection of extraction and dispersive solvent, adjustment of pH, salt concentration, extraction time, were investigated by single factor study. Under optimum conditions, good linearities (r>0.9991) and satisfied recoveries (Recoveries>87.0%, relative standard deviation (RSD)<6.3%) were observed for all of the target analytes. The limits of detection and quantification were 4.54-101.3pgkg(-1) and 18.02-349.1pgkg(-1), respectively. Intra-day and inter-day RSDs were all lower than 3.6%. An obvious reduction in matrix effect was observed by this method compared with microwave assisted extraction followed by purification. The established method was sensitive, rapid, accurate and employable to simultaneously determine target analytes in farmed fish, river fish and marine fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peiting Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Pan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Xinpeng Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Longshan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China.
| | - Ning Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chen J, Zhou G, Deng Y, Cheng H, Shen J, Gao Y, Peng G. Ultrapreconcentration and determination of organophosphorus pesticides in water by solid-phase extraction combined with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2015; 39:272-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201501007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Chen
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - Guangming Zhou
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - Yongli Deng
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - Hongmei Cheng
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - Jie Shen
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - Yi Gao
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - Guilong Peng
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment of Three Gorges Region of Ministry of Education; Chongqing University; Chongqing China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Berton P, Lana NB, Ríos JM, García-Reyes JF, Altamirano JC. State of the art of environmentally friendly sample preparation approaches for determination of PBDEs and metabolites in environmental and biological samples: A critical review. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 905:24-41. [PMID: 26755134 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Green chemistry principles for developing methodologies have gained attention in analytical chemistry in recent decades. A growing number of analytical techniques have been proposed for determination of organic persistent pollutants in environmental and biological samples. In this light, the current review aims to present state-of-the-art sample preparation approaches based on green analytical principles proposed for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and metabolites (OH-PBDEs and MeO-PBDEs) in environmental and biological samples. Approaches to lower the solvent consumption and accelerate the extraction, such as pressurized liquid extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, and ultrasound-assisted extraction, are discussed in this review. Special attention is paid to miniaturized sample preparation methodologies and strategies proposed to reduce organic solvent consumption. Additionally, extraction techniques based on alternative solvents (surfactants, supercritical fluids, or ionic liquids) are also commented in this work, even though these are scarcely used for determination of PBDEs. In addition to liquid-based extraction techniques, solid-based analytical techniques are also addressed. The development of greener, faster and simpler sample preparation approaches has increased in recent years (2003-2013). Among green extraction techniques, those based on the liquid phase predominate over those based on the solid phase (71% vs. 29%, respectively). For solid samples, solvent assisted extraction techniques are preferred for leaching of PBDEs, and liquid phase microextraction techniques are mostly used for liquid samples. Likewise, green characteristics of the instrumental analysis used after the extraction and clean-up steps are briefly discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Berton
- Laboratorio de Química Ambiental, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA) - CONICET, Mendoza 5500, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza 5500, Argentina
| | - Nerina B Lana
- Laboratorio de Química Ambiental, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA) - CONICET, Mendoza 5500, Argentina
| | - Juan M Ríos
- Laboratorio de Química Ambiental, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA) - CONICET, Mendoza 5500, Argentina
| | - Juan F García-Reyes
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain
| | - Jorgelina C Altamirano
- Laboratorio de Química Ambiental, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA) - CONICET, Mendoza 5500, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza 5500, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
A cadmium(II)-based metal-organic framework material for the dispersive solid-phase extraction of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in environmental water samples. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1422:334-339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
32
|
Santos MSF, Moreira JL, Madeira LM, Alves A. Determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water at ng/L level by a simple DLLME–GC–(EI) MS method. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s106193481511012x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
33
|
Photolysis of Low-Brominated Diphenyl Ethers and Their Reactive Oxygen Species-Related Reaction Mechanisms in an Aqueous System. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135400. [PMID: 26274605 PMCID: PMC4537200 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, no report was concerned with participation of reactive oxygen species in waters during photolysis of low-brominated diphenyl ethers (LBDEs). Herein, we found that electron spin resonance (ESR) signals rapidly increased with increasing irradiation time in the solution of LBDEs and 4-oxo-TMP solutions. But this phenomenon did not occur in the presence of NaN3 (1O2 quencher) demonstrating generation of 1O2 in process of LBDEs photolysis. The indirect photolytic contribution rate for BDE-47 and BDE-28 was 18.8% and 17.3% via 1O2, and 4.9% and 6.6% via ·OH, respectively. Both D2O and NaN3 experiments proved that the indirect photolysis of LBDEs was primarily attributable to 1O2. The bimolecular reaction rate constants of 1O2 with BDE-47 and BDE-28 were 3.12 and 3.64 × 106 M-1 s-1, respectively. The rate constants for BDE-47 and BDE-28 (9.01 and 17.52 × 10−3 min-1), added to isopropyl alcohol, were very close to those (9.65 and 18.42 × 10−3 min-1) in water, proving the less indirect photolytic contribution of ·OH in water. This is the first comprehensive investigation examining the indirect photolysis of LBDEs in aqueous solution.
Collapse
|
34
|
Shan H, Liu C, Wang Z, Ma T, Shang J, Pan D. A fluorescence-based method for rapid and direct determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2015; 2015:853085. [PMID: 25705548 PMCID: PMC4326270 DOI: 10.1155/2015/853085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A new method was developed for rapid and direct measurement of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in aqueous samples using fluorescence spectroscopy. The fluorescence spectra of tri- to deca-BDE (BDE 28, 47, 99, 153, 190, and 209) commonly found in environment were measured at variable emission and excitation wavelengths. The results revealed that the PBDEs have distinct fluorescence spectral profiles and peak positions that can be exploited to identify these species and determine their concentrations in aqueous solutions. The detection limits as determined in deionized water spiked with PBDEs are 1.71-5.82 ng/L for BDE 28, BDE 47, BDE 190, and BDE 209 and 45.55-69.95 ng/L for BDE 99 and BDE 153. The effects of environmental variables including pH, humic substance, and groundwater chemical composition on PBDEs measurements were also investigated. These environmental variables affected fluorescence intensity, but their effect can be corrected through linear additivity and separation of spectral signal contribution. Compared with conventional GC-based analytical methods, the fluorescence spectroscopy method is more efficient as it only uses a small amount of samples (2-4 mL), avoids lengthy complicated concentration and extraction steps, and has a low detection limit of a few ng/L.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huimei Shan
- Laboratory of Basin and Wetland Eco-Restoration, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Chongxuan Liu
- Laboratory of Basin and Wetland Eco-Restoration, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Zheming Wang
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Teng Ma
- Laboratory of Basin and Wetland Eco-Restoration, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jianying Shang
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Duoqiang Pan
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Jiang R, Ouyang G. Fast Analytical Techniques Based on Microextraction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63299-9.00003-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
|
36
|
Determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in river water by combination of liquid–liquid extraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2014.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
37
|
Martínez-Moral MP, Tena MT. Use of microextraction by packed sorbents following selective pressurised liquid extraction for the determination of brominated diphenyl ethers in sewage sludge by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1364:28-35. [PMID: 25204265 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.08.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a method based on selective pressurised liquid extraction followed by microextraction by packed sorbents (MEPS) for the determination of brominated diphenyl ethers (BDEs) in sewage sludge is presented. The factors affecting the MEPS procedure were optimised. Acetone:water (25:75) sPLE extracts were drawn-ejected 10 times through C18 cartridges at 5 μL s(-1). The cartridge was dried five times with 250 μL of air and the BDEs were eluted at 25 μL s(-1) with 100 μL of n-hexane that were directly injected at 13 μL s(-1) in the GC-MSMS system. Under these conditions, there were no carry-over effects. The method was characterised in terms of limits of detection, repeatability, intermediate precision and accuracy. The use of MEPS for the determination of BDEs in sewage sludge means an improvement of the limits of detection due to the preconcentration and clean-up performed before the injection of the whole elute in the PTV injector. The GC-MSMS LODs (25 pg mL(-1)) were improved with MEPS to less than 3 pg mL(-1). RSD less than 7% and recovery values from 92% to 102% were shown. Finally, the method was applied to the sPLE extract analyses of sewage sludge from several wastewater treatment plants in La Rioja. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the MEPS technique has been applied to the analysis of BDEs, and the first time that it has been used for the analysis of extracts from a solid sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - María Teresa Tena
- Department of Chemistry, University of La Rioja, C/Madre de Dios 51, E-26006 Logroño, La Rioja, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Speciation of As(III) and As(V) in water samples by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry after solid phase extraction combined with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on the solidification of floating organic drop. Talanta 2014; 130:26-32. [PMID: 25159375 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A solid phase extraction (SPE) coupled with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on the solidification of floating organic drop (DLLME-SFO) method, using diethyldithiphosphate (DDTP) as a proper chelating agent, has been developed as an ultra preconcentration technique for the determination of inorganic arsenic in water samples prior to graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). Variables affecting the performance of both steps were thoroughly investigated. Under optimized conditions, 100mL of As(ΙΙΙ) solution was first concentrated using a solid phase sorbent. The extract was collected in 2.0 mL of acetone and 60.0 µL of 1-undecanol was added into the collecting solvent. The mixture was then injected rapidly into 5.0 mL of pure water for further DLLME-SFO. Total inorganic As(III, V) was extracted similarly after reduction of As(V) to As(III) with potassium iodide and sodium thiosulfate and As(V) concentration was calculated by difference. A mixture of Pd(NO3)2 and Mg(NO3)2 was used as a chemical modifier in GFAAS. The analytical characteristics of the method were determined. The calibration graph was linear in the rage of 10-100 ng L(-1) with detection limit of 2.5 ng L(-1). Repeatability (intra-day) and reproducibility (inter-day) of method based on seven replicate measurements of 80 ng L(-1) of As(ΙΙΙ) were 6.8% and 7.5%, respectively. The method was successfully applied to speciation of As(III), As(V) and determination of the total amount of As in water samples and in a certified reference material (NIST RSM 1643e).
Collapse
|
39
|
Haddadi H, Rezaee M, Semnani A, Mashayekhi HA, Hosseinian A. Application of Solid-Phase Extraction Coupled with Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction for the Determination of Benzaldehyde in Injectable Formulation Solutions. Chromatographia 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-014-2701-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
40
|
Novak P, Zuliani T, Milačič R, Ščančar J. Development of an analytical procedure for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in environmental water samples by GC–ICP-MS. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 827:64-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
41
|
Leong MI, Fuh MR, Huang SD. Beyond dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1335:2-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 02/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
42
|
Mukdasai S, Thomas C, Srijaranai S. Two-step microextraction combined with high performance liquid chromatographic analysis of pyrethroids in water and vegetable samples. Talanta 2014; 120:289-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
43
|
Ghobadi M, Yamini Y, Ebrahimpour B. SPE coupled with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by GC with flame ionization detection for the determination of ultra-trace amounts of benzodiazepines. J Sep Sci 2013; 37:287-94. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201300893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 10/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masoomeh Ghobadi
- Department of Chemistry; Tarbiat Modares University; Tehran Iran
| | - Yadollah Yamini
- Department of Chemistry; Tarbiat Modares University; Tehran Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Barco-Bonilla N, Plaza-Bolaños P, Tarifa NMV, Romero-González R, Martínez Vidal JL, Frenich AG. Highly sensitive determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in surface water by GC coupled to high-resolution MS according to the EU Water Directive 2008/105/EC. J Sep Sci 2013; 37:69-76. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201300757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nieves Barco-Bonilla
- Department of Chemistry and Physics (Analytical Chemistry Area); Andalusian Center for the Assessment and Monitoring of Global Change (CAESCG); Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3; University of Almería; Almería Spain
| | - Patricia Plaza-Bolaños
- Department of Chemistry and Physics (Analytical Chemistry Area); Andalusian Center for the Assessment and Monitoring of Global Change (CAESCG); Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3; University of Almería; Almería Spain
| | - Noelia Ma Valera Tarifa
- Department of Chemistry and Physics (Analytical Chemistry Area); Andalusian Center for the Assessment and Monitoring of Global Change (CAESCG); Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3; University of Almería; Almería Spain
| | - Roberto Romero-González
- Department of Chemistry and Physics (Analytical Chemistry Area); Andalusian Center for the Assessment and Monitoring of Global Change (CAESCG); Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3; University of Almería; Almería Spain
| | - José Luis Martínez Vidal
- Department of Chemistry and Physics (Analytical Chemistry Area); Andalusian Center for the Assessment and Monitoring of Global Change (CAESCG); Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3; University of Almería; Almería Spain
| | - Antonia Garrido Frenich
- Department of Chemistry and Physics (Analytical Chemistry Area); Andalusian Center for the Assessment and Monitoring of Global Change (CAESCG); Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3; University of Almería; Almería Spain
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Mirzaei M, Rakh M. Preconcentration of organochlorine pesticides in aqueous samples by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic drop after SPE with multiwalled carbon nanotubes. J Sep Sci 2013; 37:114-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201301058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mirzaei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences; Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman; Kerman Iran
| | - Mojgan Rakh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences; Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman; Kerman Iran
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Di Napoli-Davis G, Owens JE. Quantitation of tetrabromobisphenol-A from dust sampled on consumer electronics by dispersed liquid-liquid microextraction. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2013; 180:274-280. [PMID: 23792388 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Revised: 05/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBPA) is a brominated flame retardant used worldwide. Despite its widespread use, there are few data concerning environmental concentrations of TBBPA. Thus, the objective of this work was to optimize an ultrasound-assisted dispersed liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) method to analyze swabbed surfaces of consumer electronics to determine TBBPA concentrations. Upon sample preparation with DLLME, TBBPA was derivatized with acetic anhydride and then analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Using a (13)C12-TBBPA internal standard to improve precision and quantitation, a recovery study was performed. At concentrations of 250-1000 ng/mL, recoveries were 104-106%. Sample preparation with solid phase extraction had comparable recoveries, although overall, improved analyte recovery and precision were achieved with DLLME. In a small survey study, TBBPA concentrations in dust collected from 100 cm(2) areas on electronic surfaces (monitor, microwave, refrigerator, and TV) were determined to range from less than the LOQ to 523 ng/mL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gina Di Napoli-Davis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, 1420 Austin Bluffs Parkway, Colorado Springs, CO 80918, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Applications of microextraction techniques in environmental analysis. Se Pu 2013. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2010.00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
48
|
Rezaee M, Mashayekhi HA, Saleh A, Abdollahzadeh Y, Naeeni MH, Fattahi N. Determination of abamectin in citrus fruits using SPE combined with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and HPLC-UV detection. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:2629-34. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201300356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rezaee
- Nuclear Fuel Cycle Research School, Nuclear Science & Technology Research Institute; Atomic Energy Organization of Iran; Tehran Iran
| | | | - Abolfazl Saleh
- Department of Marine Living Resources; Iranian National Institute for Oceanography; Tehran Iran
| | | | | | - Nazir Fattahi
- Department of Chemistry; Razi University; Kermanshah Iran
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Liu X, Zhou S, Zhu Q, Ye Y, Chen H. Ultra Preconcentration of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Smoked Bacon by a Combination of SPE and DLLME. J Chromatogr Sci 2013; 52:932-7. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmt119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
|
50
|
Determination of ultra traces of lead in water samples after combined solid-phase extraction–dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-013-0294-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|