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Losacco GL, Fekete S, Veuthey JL, Guillarme D. Investigating the use of unconventional temperatures in supercritical fluid chromatography. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1134:84-95. [PMID: 33059869 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.07.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The use of unorthodox temperatures, ranging from -5 °C up to 80 °C, have been thoroughly investigated in supercritical fluid chromatography. To this purpose, an initial evaluation of the kinetic and thermodynamic performance has been made with a set of 4 analytes eluting at different percentages of organic co-solvent in the mobile phase (3%-10% - 45%-80%). The van Deemter plots have demonstrated how, at low organic modifier presence, the use of low temperatures did not necessarily translate into worse performance, while high temperatures could pose more issues due to the poor handling of the super/subcritical mobile phase by the chromatographic system. With important percentages of co-solvent, however, high temperatures were fundamental in ensuring better profiles of the van Deemter plots, compared to low temperatures. Pressure plots have demonstrated that gradients reaching elevated percentages of organic modifiers can also be used on stationary phases packed with sub 2 μm silica particles if high temperatures are employed. The thermodynamic evaluation, made via the analysis of van't Hoff plots, indicates the presence of three retention behaviors happening in UHPSFC when switching from high to low temperatures, depending on the co-solvent percentage needed to elute one analyte. Finally, an assessment of the stationary phase stability at high temperatures was performed: the retention times variabilities recorded were minimal (RSD < 2.5%), as well as the peak widths and inlet column pressures were somewhat constant throughout the analyses. In the second part of this study, a focus on potential applications benefiting from such unconventional temperatures has been made. A series of challenging analytes have experienced better chromatographic resolution at either high or low temperatures, providing therefore a potentially interesting tool to analysts during the chromatographic method development process. In conclusion, the UV sensitivity at different temperatures was also taken into consideration, with no significant impact on the quality of the UV signal under any condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gioacchino Luca Losacco
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Szabolcs Fekete
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Veuthey
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Davy Guillarme
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland.
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Determination of artificial sweeteners in beverages with green mobile phases and high temperature liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2014; 169:162-8. [PMID: 25236212 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.07.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new analytical procedure involving the use of water and a low percentage of ethanol combined to high temperature liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed for the determination of nine high-intensity sweeteners in a variety of drink samples. The method permitted the analysis in 23min (including column reequilibration) and consuming only 0.85mL of a green organic solvent (ethanol). This methodology provided limits of detection (after 50-fold dilution) in the 0.05-10mg/L range, with recoveries (obtained from five different types of beverages) being in the 86-110% range and relative standard deviation values lower than 12%. Finally, the method was applied to 25 different samples purchased in Spain, where acesulfame and sucralose were the most frequently detected analytes (>50% of the samples) and cyclamate was found over the legislation limit set by the European Union in a sample and at the regulation boundary in three others.
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Khandagale MM, Hutchinson JP, Dicinoski GW, Haddad PR. Effects of eluent temperature and elution bandwidth on detection response for aerosol-based detectors. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1308:96-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.07.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Revised: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Wang F, Min Y, Geng X. Fast separations of intact proteins by liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:3033-45. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Separation Science of Shaanxi; Institute of Modern Separation Science; Northwest University; Xi'an P. R. China
| | - Yi Min
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Separation Science of Shaanxi; Institute of Modern Separation Science; Northwest University; Xi'an P. R. China
| | - Xindu Geng
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Separation Science of Shaanxi; Institute of Modern Separation Science; Northwest University; Xi'an P. R. China
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Nakane K, Shirai S, Saito Y, Moriwake Y, Ueta I, Inoue M, Jinno K. High-temperature separations on a polymer-coated fibrous stationary phase in microcolumn liquid chromatography. ANAL SCI 2012; 27:811-6. [PMID: 21828918 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.27.811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Novel polymer-coated fiber-packed microcolumns in liquid chromatography (LC) have been developed. Typical polymeric materials, such as polydimethylsiloxane and polyethyleneglycol, which are conventional stationary phases of capillary columns in gas chromatography (GC), have been employed as coating materials onto the surface of fine filaments. Packed longitudinally with a bundle of polymer-coated filaments into a stainless-steel capillary of 0.8 mm i.d., 150 mm length, several types of polymer-coated fiber-packed columns were prepared, and the retention behavior of aromatic compounds on these columns has been studied. A good linear relationship was obtained for van't Hoff plots over the temperature range between 0 and 200 °C, clearly indicating an excellent heat-resistant property of these polymer-coated fibrous stationary phases. Taking advantage of the heat-resistant feature of the fibrous stationary phases, the separation of several test mixtures with temperature-programmed elution was studied, where a solvent gradient program was additionally introduced if needed. Separation was also carried out with pure water as the mobile phase using an appropriate temperature program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Nakane
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
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Wiese S, Teutenberg T, Schmidt TC. A general strategy for performing temperature-programming in high performance liquid chromatography—Further improvements in the accuracy of retention time predictions of segmented temperature gradients. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1222:71-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Revised: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa K. Natishan
- a Merck, Analytical Development and Commercialization-API Merck Manufacturing Division , Rahway, New Jersey, USA
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Wiese S, Teutenberg T, Schmidt TC. General Strategy for Performing Temperature Programming in High Performance Liquid Chromatography: Prediction of Linear Temperature Gradients. Anal Chem 2011; 83:2227-33. [DOI: 10.1021/ac103113m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Wiese
- Institut für Energie-und Umwelttechnik e. V., Bliersheimer Strasse 60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Thorsten Teutenberg
- Institut für Energie-und Umwelttechnik e. V., Bliersheimer Strasse 60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Torsten C. Schmidt
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
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Teutenberg T, Wiese S, Wagner P, Gmehling J. High-temperature liquid chromatography. Part II: Determination of the viscosities of binary solvent mixtures—Implications for liquid chromatographic separations. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:8470-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.09.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2009] [Revised: 09/15/2009] [Accepted: 09/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Teutenberg T, Wiese S, Wagner P, Gmehling J. High-temperature liquid chromatography. Part III: Determination of the static permittivities of pure solvents and binary solvent mixtures—Implications for liquid chromatographic separations. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:8480-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.09.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2009] [Revised: 09/01/2009] [Accepted: 09/28/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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