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Popov AS, Tsarenko EA, Chernobrovkina AV. Titania-Based Adsorbents for Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934821100087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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2
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Gao W, Liu XL, Li JY, Lian HZ, Mao L. One-pot preparation of zwitterionic sulfoalkylbetaine monolith for rapid and efficient separation of lysozyme from egg white. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 175:112761. [PMID: 31330280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A porous zwitterionic monolithic column was prepared to rapidly and efficiently separate lysozyme from egg white. The monolith was synthesized in a stainless steel HPLC column (5 cm × 4.6 mm i.d.) by in-situ thermal initiated co-polymerization of N,N-dimethyl-N-methacryloxyethyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium betaine (MSA) and ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA). Due to the combination of quaternary ammonium and sulfonic groups on the monolithic matrix in one-pot process, the hydrophobic carbon chain and hydrophilic radical were obtained, which provided multiple driving forces for neutral, basic and acidic analytes, thus mix-mode chromatography mechanism contributed to the retention of different charged proteins. Properties such as composition, morphology and stability of the MSA-co-EDMA monolithic column were characterized by various analytical methods and the results showed that the monolith has large through-pores, good hydrophilicity and permeability. The effects of mobile phase pH and ionic strength on proteins were investigated, drawing the conclusion that the main adsorption and elution mechanism of lysozyme on MSA-co-EDMA monolith was electrostatic interaction, while those of other proteins included hydrophobic, hydrophilic and electrostatic interactions. Therefore, efficient separation of lysozyme and other proteins could be successfully achieved by switching the pH of mobile phase. Lysozyme can be adsorbed using 20 mmol/L phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) and eluted with 20 mmol/L phosphate buffer (pH 2.0). To prove the practicality of the monolithic column, it was also applied in the separation of lysozyme in egg white, which means the work has the potential for further development in proteome analysis of real biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiao-Lan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jia-Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hong-Zhen Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Li Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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Farsang E, Gaál V, Horváth O, Bárdos E, Horváth K. Analysis of Non-Ionic Surfactant Triton X-100 Using Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24071223. [PMID: 30925777 PMCID: PMC6480021 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that surfactants increase the solubility of hydrophobic organic compounds and cause adverse environmental effects. The removal of these compounds from the contaminated soil or ground-water is particularly difficult due to their water soluble feature. In this work, an ultra-high performance hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatographic method was developed for the separation of oligomers of Triton X-100 octylphenol-polyethoxylate non-ionic surfactant. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to identify the Triton X-100 compounds. There was a 44 mass unit difference between two adjacent peaks that is the molar mass of one ethylene oxide group (–CH2CH2O–). A quadratic retention model was applied for the estimation of retention of the examined non-ionic surfactant and the optimization of gradient elution conditions. The optimized method was suitable for the baseline separation of 28 Triton X-100 oligomers in five minutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelin Farsang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Pannonia, Egyetem utca 10, H-8200 Veszprém, Hungary.
| | - Violetta Gaál
- SÁGHEGY Ltd., Hutoház 040/2 HRSZ, H-9521 Kemenesszentmárton, Hungary.
| | - Ottó Horváth
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pannonia, Egyetem utca 10, H-8200 Veszprém, Hungary.
| | - Erzsébet Bárdos
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pannonia, Egyetem utca 10, H-8200 Veszprém, Hungary.
| | - Krisztián Horváth
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Pannonia, Egyetem utca 10, H-8200 Veszprém, Hungary.
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Žuvela P, Skoczylas M, Jay Liu J, Ba Czek T, Kaliszan R, Wong MW, Buszewski B, Héberger K. Column Characterization and Selection Systems in Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Chem Rev 2019; 119:3674-3729. [PMID: 30604951 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) is the most popular chromatographic mode, accounting for more than 90% of all separations. HPLC itself owes its immense popularity to it being relatively simple and inexpensive, with the equipment being reliable and easy to operate. Due to extensive automation, it can be run virtually unattended with multiple samples at various separation conditions, even by relatively low-skilled personnel. Currently, there are >600 RP-HPLC columns available to end users for purchase, some of which exhibit very large differences in selectivity and production quality. Often, two similar RP-HPLC columns are not equally suitable for the requisite separation, and to date, there is no universal RP-HPLC column covering a variety of analytes. This forces analytical laboratories to keep a multitude of diverse columns. Therefore, column selection is a crucial segment of RP-HPLC method development, especially since sample complexity is constantly increasing. Rationally choosing an appropriate column is complicated. In addition to the differences in the primary intermolecular interactions with analytes of the dispersive (London) type, individual columns can also exhibit a unique character owing to specific polar, hydrogen bond, and electron pair donor-acceptor interactions. They can also vary depending on the type of packing, amount and type of residual silanols, "end-capping", bonding density of ligands, and pore size, among others. Consequently, the chromatographic performance of RP-HPLC systems is often considerably altered depending on the selected column. Although a wide spectrum of knowledge is available on this important subject, there is still a lack of a comprehensive review for an objective comparison and/or selection of chromatographic columns. We aim for this review to be a comprehensive, authoritative, critical, and easily readable monograph of the most relevant publications regarding column selection and characterization in RP-HPLC covering the past four decades. Future perspectives, which involve the integration of state-of-the-art molecular simulations (molecular dynamics or Monte Carlo) with minimal experiments, aimed at nearly "experiment-free" column selection methodology, are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petar Žuvela
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117543 , Singapore
| | - Magdalena Skoczylas
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Center for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies , Nicolaus Copernicus University , Wileńska 4 , 87-100 Toruń , Poland
| | - J Jay Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Pukyong National University , 365 Sinseon-ro , Nam-gu, 48-513 Busan , Korea
| | | | | | - Ming Wah Wong
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117543 , Singapore
| | - Bogusław Buszewski
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Center for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies , Nicolaus Copernicus University , Wileńska 4 , 87-100 Toruń , Poland
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McCalley DV. Understanding and manipulating the separation in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1523:49-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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da Silva CGA, Grespan Bottoli CB, Collins CH. 3-Dimensional X-ray microtomography methodology for characterization of monolithic stationary phases and columns for capillary liquid chromatography - A tutorial. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 991:30-45. [PMID: 29031297 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In this tutorial we describe a fast, nondestructive, three-dimensional (3-D) view approach to be used in morphology characterization of capillary monoliths and columns by reconstruction from X-ray microtomography (XMT) obtained by acquiring projection images of the sample from a number of different directions. The method comprises imaging acquisition, imaging reconstruction using specific algorithms and imaging analysis by generation of a 3-D image of the sample from radiographic images. The 3-D images show the morphological data for bulk macropore space and skeleton connectivity of the monoliths and were compared with other images from imaging techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and with chromatographic performance. The 3-D XMT methodology is applicable for organic and inorganic capillary chromatographic monolithic materials and it allows the acquisition of many hundreds (in our case 1001 projections) of longitudinal and cross-sectional images in a single session, resolving morphological details with a 3D-view of the monolithic structure, inclusive inside the column in a sectional structure with volume (three dimensions) when compared to the sectional structure area (with only two dimensions) when using SEM and FESEM techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla G A da Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso, 78060-900, Cuiabá, Brazil; Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, 13083-970, Campinas, Brazil.
| | | | - Carol H Collins
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, 13083-970, Campinas, Brazil.
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Wang Q, Li J, Yang X, Xu L, Shi ZG, Xu LY. Investigation on performance of zirconia and magnesia–zirconia stationary phases in hydrophilic interaction chromatography. Talanta 2014; 129:438-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Monolithic capillary columns based on silica and zirconium oxides for use in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. Microchem J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2014.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kučera R, Kovaříková P, Pasáková-Vrbatová I, Slaninová J, Klimeš J. Zirconia--a stationary phase capable of the separation of polar markers of myocardial metabolism in hydrophilic interaction chromatography. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:1089-93. [PMID: 24591308 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201301330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Creatine, phosphocreatine, and adenine nucleotides are highly polar markers of myocardial metabolism that are poorly retained on RP silica sorbents. Zirconia represents an alternative material to silica with high promise to be used in hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC). This study describes a first systematic investigation of the ability of ZrO2 to separate creatine, phosphocreatine, adenosine 5'-monophosphate, adenosine 5'-diphosphate, and adenosine 5'-triphosphate and compares the results with those obtained on TiO2 . All analytes showed a HILIC-like retention pattern when mobile phases of different strengths were tested. Stronger retention and better column performance were achieved in organic-rich mobile phases as compared to aqueous conditions, where poor retention and insufficient column performance were observed. The effect of mobile phase pH and ionic strength was evaluated as well. The analysis of myocardial tissue demonstrated that all compounds were separated in a relevant biological material and thus proved ZrO2 as a promising phase for HILIC of biological samples that deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radim Kučera
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Jaoudé MA, Lassalle Y, Randon J. Separation of xanthines in hydro-organic and polar-organic elution modes on a titania stationary phase. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:536-42. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201301054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maguy Abi Jaoudé
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1; Université de Lyon; Villeurbanne France
| | - Yannick Lassalle
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1; Université de Lyon; Villeurbanne France
| | - Jérôme Randon
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1; Université de Lyon; Villeurbanne France
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Liu B, Wang XL, Lian HT, Sun XY. Xanthine microsensor based on polypyrrole molecularly imprinted film modified carbon fiber microelectrodes. Anal Biochem 2013; 440:220-6. [PMID: 23747534 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2013.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 05/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) microsensor was presented as a carbon fiber microelectrode (CFME) coating for specifically recognizing xanthine (Xan). The polymeric film was obtained based on the imprinted procedure of electropolymerization of pyrrole in the presence of the template molecule Xan by cyclic voltammetry, and template was removed by magnetic stirring. Under the optimum conditions, a satisfactory molecularly binding selectivity of Xan was obtained from the MIPs microsensor with an imprinting factor (IF) of 6.63 and a linear response to concentration in certain ranges. The ranges are from 4.0 × 10⁻⁶ to 6.0 × 10⁻⁵ M and from 8.0 × 10⁻⁵ to 2.0 × 10⁻³ M with a detection limit of 2.5 × 10⁻⁷ M. Meanwhile, good stability (relative standard deviation [RSD] = 3.2%, n = 10) and reproducibility (RSD = 2.0%, n = 10) were observed, and recoveries ranging from 96.9 to 102.5% were calculated when applied to Xan determination in real blood serum samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Ge J, Liu F, Holmes EH, Ostrander GK, Li QX. Aqueous normal phase liquid chromatography coupled with tandem time-of-flight quadrupole mass spectrometry for determination of zanamivir in human serum. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 906:58-62. [PMID: 22947416 PMCID: PMC3465458 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Revised: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An aqueous normal phase (ANP) liquid chromatography coupled with a hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ANP-LC-micrOTOFQ) method was used for the determination of zanamivir in human serum. Zanamivir was extracted with methanol from protein-precipitated human serum samples and further purified with SCX solid-phase extraction cartridges. Scherzo SM-C18, Agilent Zorbax SB-Aq, Cogent Diamond Hydride, Cogent Bidentate and Luna HILIC columns were compared and optimized for the retention and separation of zanamivir and the Luna HILIC and Diamond Hydride columns exhibited the best retention of zanamivir. The former provided a shorter retention time, a sharper peak and relatively high sensitivity, whereas the latter exhibited a longer retention time and less matrix interference. The analytical range of the calibration curve was between 5 and 1000 ng/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ge
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, HI 96822, USA
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fengmao Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Eric H. Holmes
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, HI 96813, USA
| | - Gary K. Ostrander
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, HI 96813, USA
| | - Qing X. Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, HI 96822, USA
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Ion-pair in-tube solid-phase microextraction and capillary liquid chromatography using a titania-based column: Application to the specific lauralkonium chloride determination in water. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1248:55-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.05.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Revised: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kalafut P, Kučera R, Klimeš J. The influence of a carbon layer deposited on a zirconia surface on the retention of polar analytes in an organic rich mobile phase. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1232:242-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 12/16/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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16
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Preparation and characterization of a poly(methyloctadecylsiloxane) thermally immobilized onto zirconized silica stationary phase for high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1232:248-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.12.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abi Jaoudé M, Randon J, Bordes C, Lanteri P, Bois L. A design of experiment approach to the sol–gel synthesis of titania monoliths for chromatographic applications. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 403:1145-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-5761-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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The retention behaviour of polar compounds on zirconia based stationary phases under hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography conditions. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:6981-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.07.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Revised: 07/19/2011] [Accepted: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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El Debs R, Abi Jaoudé M, Morin N, Miege C, Randon J. Retention of β blockers on native titania stationary phase. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:1805-10. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Revised: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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