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LC–ESI–MS/MS analysis, biological effects of phenolic compounds extracted by microwave method from Algerian Zizyphus lotus fruits. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01437-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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2
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Isolation and characterization of flavonoids from roots of Rauvolfia serpentina and evaluation of their hypotensive potential through angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition mode of action. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02238-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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3
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Li T, Jia L, Du R, Liu C, Huang S, Yu H, Han L, Chen X, Wang Y, Jiang M. Comparative investigation of aerial part and root in Lamiophlomis rotata using UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS coupled with chemometrics. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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4
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Identification of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Leaf Extract of Pepper ( Capsicum spp.) through Metabolomic Analysis. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11100649. [PMID: 34677364 PMCID: PMC8538662 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11100649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics and in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory (AGI) activities of pepper leaves were used to identify bioactive compounds and select genotypes for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Targeted metabolite analysis using UPLC-DAD-QToF-MS was employed and identified compounds that belong to flavone and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives from extracts of pepper leaves. A total of 21 metabolites were detected from 155 samples and identified based on MS fragmentations, retention time, UV absorbance, and previous reports. Apigenin-O-(malonyl) hexoside, luteolin-O-(malonyl) hexoside, and chrysoeriol-O-(malonyl) hexoside were identified for the first time from pepper leaves. Pepper genotypes showed a huge variation in their inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase enzyme(AGE) ranging from 17% to 79%. Genotype GP38 with inhibitory activity of 79% was found to be more potent than the positive control acarbose (70.8%.). Orthogonal partial least square (OPLS) analyses were conducted for the prediction of the AGI activities of pepper leaves based on their metabolite composition. Compounds that contributed the most to the bioactivity prediction model (VIP >1.5), showed a strong inhibitory potency. Caffeoyl-putrescine was found to show a stronger inhibitory potency (IC50 = 145 µM) compared to acarbose (IC50 = 197 µM). The chemometric procedure combined with high-throughput AGI screening was effective in selecting polyphenols of pepper leaf for T2DM management.
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Analytical Profile and Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of the Enriched Polyphenol Fractions Isolated from Bergamot Fruit and Leave. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020141. [PMID: 33498213 PMCID: PMC7908980 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study is to compare the qualitative and semi-quantitative profile of the polyphenol fraction purified from the leaf (BLPF) and fruit (BFPF) of bergamot (Citrus bergamia), and to evaluate their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. The analytical qualitative profile was carried out by LC-ESI/MS using three different approaches: targeted (searching analytes already reported in bergamot extract), semi-targeted (a selective search of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarate [HMG] derivatives involved in the cholesterol reducing activity of BPF) and untargeted. A total number of 108 compounds were identified by using the three approaches, 100 of which are present in both the extracts thus demonstrating a good qualitative overlapping of polyphenols between the two extracts. The antioxidant activity was higher for BLPF in respect to BFPF but when normalized in respect to the polyphenol content they were almost overlapping. Both the extracts were found to dose dependently inhibit cell inflammation stimulated with IL-1α. In conclusion, the comparison of the qualitative and quantitative profile of polyphenols as well as of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of bergamot leaf and fruit well indicates that leaf is a valid source of bergamot polyphenol extraction and an even richer source of polyphenol in respect to the fruit.
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Phytochemical and Biological Characterization of Tephrosia nubica Boiss. Growing in Saudi Arabia. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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7
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Lee JH, Mei HC, Kuo IC, Lee TH, Chen YH, Lee CK. Characterizing Tyrosinase Modulators from the Roots of Angelica keiskei Using Tyrosinase Inhibition Assay and UPLC-MS/MS as the Combinatorial Novel Approach. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183297. [PMID: 31510069 PMCID: PMC6767278 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, an in vitro tyrosinase inhibition assay in combination with ultra performance liquid chromatography-orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC-orbitrap-MS) was developed for the rapid screening and identification of tyrosinase modulators from roots of Angelica keiskei. Of the 15 candidates considered, nine chalcones, xanthoangelols (1), B (2), D (3), E (4), G (5), H (6), 4-hydroxyderricin (7), xanthokeismin B (8) and (2E)-1-[4-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxy-2-propanyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-one (9), five coumarins, umbelliferone (10), selinidin (11), isopimpinellin (12), phellopterin (13) and xanthyletin (14), and one other compound, ashitabaol A (15), were distinguished between the test samples and the controls with statistical significance, and the structure of each compound was determined by comparing with in-house standards and the literature. Among these, six compounds, xanthoangelol (1), xanthoangelol D (3), xanthoangelol H (6), 4-hydroxyderricin (7), laserpitin (16) and isolaserpitin (17), were isolated from roots of A. keiskei. Of the compounds isolated, compounds 1, 7 and 16 were subjected to tyrosinase inhibitory assay, and the IC50 values were 15.87 ± 1.21, 60.14 ± 2.29 and >100 μM, respectively. The present study indicated that the combination of in vitro tyrosinase inhibition assay coupled with UPLC-MS/MS could be widely applied to the rapid screening of active substances from various natural resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hao Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Ching Mei
- Department of Science Education, National Taipei University of Education, Taipei 10671, Taiwan.
| | - I-Chih Kuo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Tzong-Huei Lee
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Hsin Chen
- Taichung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taichung 42081, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Kuo Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
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Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Annatto Seeds, Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity, and Identification of Main Compounds by LC/ESI-MS Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2019; 2019:3721828. [PMID: 31392206 PMCID: PMC6662499 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3721828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity (i.e., against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus) and the antioxidant activity (i.e., ABTS, FRAP, and DPPH) of annatto seeds extract obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction. A response surface design with three levels such as pH (2-11), solvent concentration (50-96 %), seed-to-solvent ratio (1:2–1:10), and treatment time (0-30 min) was employed to determine the optimal experimental conditions. Thus, a pH of 7.0, seed-to-solvent ratio of 1:7, and treatment time of 20 min were selected as optimal rendering an extract having a 0.62% of bixin, 3.81 mg gallic acid/mg equivalent of polyphenol compounds (ABTS 1035.7, FRAP 424.7, and DPPH 1161.5 μM trolox/L), and a minimal inhibitory concentration against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus of 32 and 16 mg/L, respectively. Further, the main bioactive compounds identified by LC/ESI-MS were bixin and catechin, chlorogenic acid, chrysin, butein, hypolaetin, licochalcone A, and xanthohumol.
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Ripe and Raw Pu-Erh Tea: LC-MS Profiling, Antioxidant Capacity and Enzyme Inhibition Activities of Aqueous and Hydro-Alcoholic Extracts. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24030473. [PMID: 30699941 PMCID: PMC6384787 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we reported a detailed profiling of soluble components of two fermented varieties of Chinese green tea, namely raw and ripe pu-erh. The identification and quantification of the main components was carried out by means of mass spectrometry and UV spectroscopy, after chromatographic separation. The antioxidant capacity towards different radical species, the anti-microbial and the enzyme inhibition activities of the extracts were then correlated to their main constituents. Despite a superimposable qualitative composition, a similar caffeine content, and similar enzyme inhibition and antimicrobial activities, raw pu-erh tea extract had a better antioxidant capacity owing to its higher polyphenol content. However, the activity of raw pu-erh tea seems not to justify its higher production costs and ripe variety appears to be a valid and low-cost alternative for the preparation of products with antioxidant or antimicrobial properties.
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Zhang C, Liu D, Gao H. Kinetics, physicochemical properties, and antioxidant activities of Angelica keiskei processed under four drying conditions. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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11
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Identification of Hypotensive Biofunctional Compounds of Coriandrum sativum and Evaluation of Their Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibition Potential. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:4643736. [PMID: 30581531 PMCID: PMC6276458 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4643736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify and characterize the bioactive compounds of Coriandrum sativum responsible for the treatment of hypertension and to explore their mechanism of action as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Bioactive fractions like alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, and tannins were extracted and evaluated for their ACE inhibition potential. Among them, only flavonoid-rich fraction showed high ACE inhibition potential with IC50 value of 28.91 ± 13.42 μg/mL. The flavonoids were characterized through LC-ESI-MS/MS. Seventeen flavonoids were identified in this fraction of Coriandrum sativum in negative ionization mode which includes pinocembrin, apigenin, pseudobaptigenin, galangin-5-methyl ether, quercetin, baicalein trimethyl ether, kaempferol dimethyl ether, pinobanksin-5-methylether-3-O-acetate, pinobanksin-3-O-pentenoate, pinobanksin-3-O-phenylpropionate, pinobanksin-3-O-pentanoate, apigenin-7-O-glucuronoide, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, apigenin-3-O-rutinoside, rutin, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, and quercetin dimethyl ether-3-O-rutinoside, while six flavonoids including daidzein, luteolin, pectolinarigenin, apigenin-C-glucoside, kaempferol-3-7-dimethyl ether-3-O-glucoside, and apigenin-7-O-(6-methyl-beta-D-glucoside) were identified in positive ionization mode. The results of this study revealed that Coriandrum sativum is a valuable functional food that possesses a number of therapeutic flavonoids with ACE inhibition potential that can manage blood pressure very efficiently.
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Darshani P, Gumpu MB, Thumpati P, Rayappan JBB, Ravichandiran V, Pazhani GP, Veerapandian M. Chemically synthesized butein and butin: Optical, structure and electrochemical redox functionality at electrode interface. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 182:122-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Belal F, Ibrahim F, Sheribah Z, Alaa H. Spectrofluorometric determination of clonazepam in dosage forms: Application to content uniformity testing and human plasma. LUMINESCENCE 2017; 32:1299-1306. [PMID: 28516499 DOI: 10.1002/bio.3325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Revised: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The present paper describes a developed and validated simple, highly sensitive and cost-effective spectrofluorometric method for determination of clonazepam (CNP). The proposed method depends on forming a highly fluorescent product through the reduction of CNP with Zn/HCl. The produced fluorophore exhibits a strong fluorescence at λem 350 nm after excitation at λex 250 nm. The use of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) greatly enhanced the fluorescence intensity of the produced fluorophore to the extent of about 100%. Calibration curve showed good linear regression (r2 > 0.9998) within test ranges of 20-400 ng ml-1 with a lower detection limit of 0.67 ng ml-1 and lower quantification limit of 2.22 ng ml-1 upon using CMC. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of CNP in its pharmaceutical formulations and the results were in agreement with those obtained using a reference method. Furthermore, the content uniformity testing of the tablets was also performed. The application of the proposed method was extended to determine CNP in spiked human plasma sample as a preliminary investigation and the results were satisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fathalla Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Fawzia Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Zainab Sheribah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Heba Alaa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, Egypt
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Belal F, Ibrahim F, Sheribah ZA, Alaa H. Micelle-enhanced spectrofluorimetric method for quantification of entacapone in tablets and human plasma. LUMINESCENCE 2016; 32:713-722. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.3241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Mansoura; 35516 Mansoura Egypt
| | - F. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Mansoura; 35516 Mansoura Egypt
| | - Z. A. Sheribah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Mansoura; 35516 Mansoura Egypt
| | - H. Alaa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Mansoura; 35516 Mansoura Egypt
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Wu L, Li L, Wang M, Shan C, Cui X, Wang J, Ding N, Yu D, Tang Y. Target and non-target identification of chemical components in Lamiophlomis rotata by liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry using a three-step protocol. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2016; 30:2145-2154. [PMID: 27470976 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE As a herbal plant used in traditional Chinese medicine, Lamiophlomis rotata (Benth.) Kudo mainly displays its pharmacological effect by promoting blood circulation and hemostasis, dispelling wind, and acting as an analgesic. To identify the components contained in L. rotata, global detection and structural elucidation of both target and non-target components in the medicinal material was performed. METHODS L. rotata was ultrasonically extracted with methanol. Separation and analysis were achieved using liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC/QTOF-MS). A three-step protocol which included (1) potential components screening, (2) collection of qualitative information, and (3) database searching and structural elucidation was used for target and non-target identification. RESULTS A total of 42 components were tentatively identified, which included 12 iridoids (2 aglycones and 10 glucosides), 11 flavonoids (4 aglycones and 7 glucosides), and 13 phenylethanoid glycosides. Moreover, components of L. rotata extract belonging to the three main structural categories could be well separated in a 3D point plot according to their retention times, mass defects and degrees of unsaturation, facilitating the structural classification and identification in the subsequent studies. CONCLUSIONS The results provide a reasonable picture of the components contained in L. rotata extract and promote the further pharmacodynamic and/or pharmacokinetic characterization of this medical material, meanwhile demonstrating the utility of a universal methodology for the systematical study of herbal medicines. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chenxiao Shan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Analytical Instrumentation Center, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiaobing Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Analytical Instrumentation Center, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jiaying Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ning Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Dan Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuping Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Pappalardo F, Fichera E, Paparone N, Lombardo A, Pennisi M, Russo G, Leotta M, Pappalardo F, Pedretti A, De Fiore F, Motta S. A computational model to predict the immune system activation by citrus-derived vaccine adjuvants. Bioinformatics 2016; 32:2672-80. [PMID: 27162187 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btw293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Vaccines represent the most effective and cost-efficient weapons against a wide range of diseases. Nowadays new generation vaccines based on subunit antigens reduce adverse effects in high risk individuals. However, vaccine antigens are often poor immunogens when administered alone. Adjuvants represent a good strategy to overcome such hurdles, indeed they are able to: enhance the immune response; allow antigens sparing; accelerate the specific immune response; and increase vaccine efficacy in vulnerable groups such as newborns, elderly or immuno-compromised people. However, due to safety concerns and adverse reactions, there are only a few adjuvants approved for use in humans. Moreover, in practice current adjuvants sometimes fail to confer adequate stimulation. Hence, there is an imperative need to develop novel adjuvants that overcome the limitations of the currently available licensed adjuvants. RESULTS We developed a computational framework that provides a complete pipeline capable of predicting the best citrus-derived adjuvants for enhancing the immune system response using, as a target disease model, influenza A infection. In silico simulations suggested a good immune efficacy of specific citrus-derived adjuvant (Beta Sitosterol) that was then confirmed in vivoAvailability: The model is available visiting the following URL: http://vaima.dmi.unict.it/AdjSim CONTACT francesco.pappalardo@unict.it; fp@francescopappalardo.net.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Epifanio Fichera
- Etna Biotech S.R.L, via Vincenzo Lancia, 57 - Zona Industriale Blocco Palma 1
| | - Nicoletta Paparone
- Parco Scientifico E Tecnologico Della Sicilia, via Vincenzo Lancia, 57 - Zona Industriale Blocco Palma 1
| | - Alessandro Lombardo
- Parco Scientifico E Tecnologico Della Sicilia, via Vincenzo Lancia, 57 - Zona Industriale Blocco Palma 1
| | - Marzio Pennisi
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Catania
| | - Giulia Russo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Leotta
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania
| | - Francesco Pappalardo
- Parco Scientifico E Tecnologico Della Sicilia, via Vincenzo Lancia, 57 - Zona Industriale Blocco Palma 1
| | | | | | - Santo Motta
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Catania
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Hwang SW, Lee YM, Aldini G, Yeum KJ. Targeting Reactive Carbonyl Species with Natural Sequestering Agents. Molecules 2016; 21:280. [PMID: 26927058 PMCID: PMC6273166 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21030280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive carbonyl species generated by the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids and sugars are highly reactive due to their electrophilic nature, and are able to easily react with the nucleophilic sites of proteins as well as DNA causing cellular dysfunction. Levels of reactive carbonyl species and their reaction products have been reported to be elevated in various chronic diseases, including metabolic disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. In an effort to identify sequestering agents for reactive carbonyl species, various analytical techniques such as spectrophotometry, high performance liquid chromatography, western blot, and mass spectrometry have been utilized. In particular, recent advances using a novel high resolution mass spectrometry approach allows screening of complex mixtures such as natural products for their sequestering ability of reactive carbonyl species. To overcome the limited bioavailability and bioefficacy of natural products, new techniques using nanoparticles and nanocarriers may offer a new attractive strategy for increased in vivo utilization and targeted delivery of bioactives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Won Hwang
- Department of Nano Science & Mechatronics Engineering, College of Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Chungju-si 27478, Korea.
| | - Yoon-Mi Lee
- Division of Food Bioscience, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju-si 27478, Korea.
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Health, Konkuk University, Chungju-si 27478, Korea.
| | - Giancarlo Aldini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Pietro Pratesi, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 25, Milan 20133, Italy.
| | - Kyung-Jin Yeum
- Division of Food Bioscience, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju-si 27478, Korea.
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Health, Konkuk University, Chungju-si 27478, Korea.
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Regazzoni L, Saligari F, Marinello C, Rossoni G, Aldini G, Carini M, Orioli M. Coffee silver skin as a source of polyphenols: High resolution mass spectrometric profiling of components and antioxidant activity. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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de Villiers A, Venter P, Pasch H. Recent advances and trends in the liquid-chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of flavonoids. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1430:16-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.11.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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20
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Correa CR, Chen CYO, Aldini G, Rasmussen H, Ronchi CF, Berchieri-Ronchi C, Cho SM, Blumberg JB, Yeum KJ. Bioavailability of plant pigment phytochemicals in Angelica keiskei in older adults: A pilot absorption kinetic study. Nutr Res Pract 2014; 8:550-7. [PMID: 25324936 PMCID: PMC4198969 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2014.8.5.550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Angelica keiskei is a green leafy vegetable rich in plant pigment phytochemicals such as flavonoids and carotenoids. This study examined bioavailability of flavonoids and carotenoids in Angelica keiskei and the alteration of the antioxidant performance in vivo. SUBJECTS AND MATERIALS Absorption kinetics of phytochemicals in Angelica keiskei were determined in healthy older adults (> 60 y, n = 5) and subjects with metabolic syndrome (n = 5). Subjects consumed 5 g dry Angelica keiskei powder encapsulated in gelatin capsules with a low flavonoid and carotenoid liquid meal. Plasma samples were collected at baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 h. Samples were analyzed for flavonoids and carotenoids using HPLC systems with electrochemical and UV detection, respectively, and for total antioxidant performance by fluorometry. RESULTS After ingestion of Angelica keiskei increases in plasma quercetin concentrations were observed at 1-3 and 6-8 hr in the healthy group and at all time points in the metabolic syndrome group compared to baseline (P < 0.05). Plasma lutein concentrations were significantly elevated in both the healthy and metabolic syndrome groups at 8 hr (P < 0.05). Significant increases in total antioxidant performance were also observed in both the healthy and the metabolic syndrome groups compared to baseline (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Findings of this study clearly demonstrate the bioavailability of phytonutrients of Angelica keiskei and their ability to increase antioxidant status in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila R Correa
- Jean Mayer USDA- Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington St., Boston, MA 02111, USA. ; Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Distrito Rubiao Jr. s/n, 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - C-Y Oliver Chen
- Jean Mayer USDA- Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington St., Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Giancarlo Aldini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Helen Rasmussen
- Jean Mayer USDA- Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington St., Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Carlos F Ronchi
- Jean Mayer USDA- Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington St., Boston, MA 02111, USA. ; Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Distrito Rubiao Jr. s/n, 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Berchieri-Ronchi
- Jean Mayer USDA- Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington St., Boston, MA 02111, USA. ; Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Distrito Rubiao Jr. s/n, 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Soo-Muk Cho
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-853, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeffrey B Blumberg
- Jean Mayer USDA- Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington St., Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Kyung-Jin Yeum
- College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju-si, 380-701, Republic of Korea
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21
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Minatel IO, Han SI, Aldini G, Colzani M, Matthan NR, Correa CR, Fecchio D, Yeum KJ. Fat-soluble bioactive components in colored rice varieties. J Med Food 2014; 17:1134-41. [PMID: 25162990 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2014.3146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive components in rice vary depending on the variety and growing condition. Fat-soluble components such as γ-oryzanol, tocopherols, tocotrienols, carotenoids, and fatty acids were analyzed in brown, sugary brown, red, and black rice varieties using established high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and GC methodologies. In addition, these colored rice varieties were further analyzed using a high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) (LTQ-Orbitrap XL) to identify the [M-H](-) ions of γ-oryzanol, ranging from m/z 573.3949 to 617.4211. The highest content of tocopherols (α-, 1.5; γ-, 0.5 mg/100 g) and carotenoids (lutein 244; trans-β carotene 25 μg/100 g) were observed in black rice; tocotrienols (α-, 0.07; γ-, 0.14 mg/100 g) in red rice, and γ-oryzanol (115 mg/100 g) in sugary brown rice. In all colored rice varieties, the major fatty acids were palmitic (16:0), oleic (18:1n-9), and linoleic (18:2n-6) acids. When the γ-oryzanol components were further analyzed by LC-MS/MS, 3, 10, 8, and 8 triterpene alcohols or sterol ferulates were identified in brown, sugary brown, red, and black rice varieties, respectively. Such structural identification can lead to the elucidation of biological function of each component at the molecular level. Consumption of colored rice rich in beneficial bioactive compounds may be a useful dietary strategy for achieving optimal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Otavio Minatel
- 1 Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University , Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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22
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Regioselective solvent-phase deuteration of polyphenolic compounds informs their identification by mass spectrometry. Anal Biochem 2014; 452:76-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2014.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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23
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Roe MR, Cohen JD, Hegeman AD. Targeted deuteration of polyphenolics for their qualitative and quantitative metabolomic analysis in plant-derived extracts. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1083:17-29. [PMID: 24218207 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-661-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenolics are a chemically diverse class of plant specialized metabolites with strong antioxidant properties, and their consumption has been associated with improved human health. Metabolomic analysis of these compounds in both plant and mammalian samples has relied predominantly on liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS). Due to variable matrix effects across samples during ionization, the accuracy of this approach for quantifying compounds is greatly improved by incorporating stable isotope-labeled standards into the sample prior to analysis. However, commercially available, stable isotope-labeled, polyphenolic standards are both limited and costly. Here we present a protocol for generating stable isotope-labeled polyphenolics based on their deuteration by mild acid-catalyzed, electrophilic aromatic substitution. Importantly, this protocol is effective for generating stable isotope-labeled standards of many biologically relevant polyphenolics, both aglycones and the various conjugated forms alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel R Roe
- University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St. Paul, MN, USA
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Kushalappa AC, Gunnaiah R. Metabolo-proteomics to discover plant biotic stress resistance genes. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 18:522-31. [PMID: 23790252 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Plants continuously encounter various environmental stresses and use qualitative and quantitative measures to resist pathogen attack. Qualitative stress responses, based on monogenic inheritance, have been elucidated and successfully used in plant improvement. By contrast, quantitative stress responses remain largely unexplored in plant breeding, due to complex polygenic inheritance, although hundreds of quantitative trait loci for resistance have been identified. Recent advances in metabolomic and proteomic technologies now offer opportunities to overcome the hurdle of polygenic inheritance and identify candidate genes for use in plant breeding, thus improving the global food security. In this review, we describe a conceptual background to the plant-pathogen relationship and propose ten heuristic steps streamlining the application of metabolo-proteomics to improve plant resistance to biotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajjamada C Kushalappa
- Plant Science Department, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada.
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25
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Mascherpa D, Carazzone C, Marrubini G, Gazzani G, Papetti A. Identification of phenolic constituents in Cichorium endivia var. crispum and var. latifolium salads by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and electrospray ioniziation tandem mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:12142-50. [PMID: 23157223 DOI: 10.1021/jf3034754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Chicory is a widely consumed vegetable and a source of phenolic compounds. Phenolic acid and flavonoid derivatives were identified in Cichorium endivia var. crispum and var. latifolium and fully characterized using complementary information from two different high-performance liquid chromatography detectors, diode array and mass spectrometer, in positive and negative modes. We describe about 40 phenolic compounds, some of which have never previously been reported in these plants, such as hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives (i.e., different mono- and dicaffeoylquinic acid isomers) and mono- and diglycosides of quercetin, kaempferol, and myricetin (differing also by the glycosylation site). These data provide a contribution to a more exhaustive identification of phenolic compounds in C. endivia vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Mascherpa
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12 27100 Pavia, Italy
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26
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Ganzera M, Greifeneder V, Schwaiger S, Stuppner H. Chemical profiling of Edelweiss (Leontopodium alpinum Cass.) extracts by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography. Fitoterapia 2012; 83:1680-6. [PMID: 23041520 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2012.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Revised: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript reports on the first CE-method suitable for analyzing twelve pharmacologically relevant compounds (flavonoids, caffeic acids and leontopodic acid) in the aerial parts of Leontopodium alpinum. By using a 60mM borax buffer containing 25mM SDS and 35% acetonitrile the analytes could be well resolved in 25min and accurately determined in different Edelweiss specimens. Method validation assured the compliance of the assay to ICH standards (correlation coefficients ≥0.999, LOD ≤7.2μg/ml, LOQ ≤23.0μg/ml, recovery rates from 96.6 to 101.1%, intermediate precision ≤7.01%, and repeatability ≤5.52%). The quantitative results revealed a strong dependence of the content of phenolics on the growth status of the plants. In early stages no flavonoids were found, while during blooming all metabolites reached higher levels; commercially cultivated plant material showed the overall highest values (flavonoids: 0.25-0.34%, caffeic acids: 4.99-6.21%, leontopodic acid: 4.21-5.05%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Ganzera
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacognosy, University of Innsbruck, CCB, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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De Paepe D, Servaes K, Noten B, Diels L, De Loose M, Van Droogenbroeck B, Voorspoels S. An improved mass spectrometric method for identification and quantification of phenolic compounds in apple fruits. Food Chem 2012; 136:368-75. [PMID: 23122072 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.08.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2011] [Revised: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-nine phenolic compounds were analysed using ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with diode array and accurate mass spectrometry detection using electrospray ionisation (DAD/ESI-am-MS). Instrumental parameters such as scan speed, resolution, and mass accuracy were optimised to establish accurate mass measurements. The method was fully validated in terms of model deviation (r(2)>0.9990), range (typically 10-3500 ngg(-1)), intra/inter-day precision (<6% and <8%, respectively) and accuracy (typically 100 ± 10%). The mass accuracy of each selected phenolic compound was below 1.5 ppm. The results confirmed that the UHPLC-DAD/ESI-am-MS method developed here was convenient and reliable for the determination of phenolic compounds in apple extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- D De Paepe
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Environmental Analysis and Technology, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; Institute
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A rapid profiling of gallotannins and flavonoids of the aqueous extract of Rhus coriaria L. by flow injection analysis with high-resolution mass spectrometry assisted with database searching. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 72:202-7. [PMID: 22999301 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Revised: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hydrolysable tannins appear to have some extremely important biological roles including antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypoglycemic, anti-angiogenic, and anticancer activities. The aim of this work was to set up a flow injection high-resolution mass spectrometric approach combined with database searching to obtain rapidly a profiling of gallotannins and other phenolics in a crude extract from plant tissue. The flow injection analysis (FIA) takes place in an electrospray ionization source of an hybrid orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry system (ESI-HR-MS/MS(2), resolution 100,000, negative ion mode) and polyphenols are tentatively identified by matching the monoisotopic masses of the spectra with those of polyphenols databases. This leads to the most probable molecular formulas and to the possible structures among those reported in the database. The structures confirmation occurs by the compliance of MS(2) fragments with those of a prediction fragment commercial database. With this method we identified in the aqueous extract of sumac leaves, with a maximum error of 1.7 ppm, a group of ten gallotannins from mono- to deca-galloyl glycosides of the class of hydrolysable tannins and a set of coextracted flavonoid derivatives including myricetin, quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside, myricetin-3-O-glucoside, myricetin-3-O-glucuronide, and myricetin-3-O-rhamnoglucoside. The separation of isomers of gallotannins and flavonoids present in the same extract occurred by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-HR-MS(2)); this approach allowed the structure resolution of the isobaric flavonoids quercetin-3-O-glucoside and myricetin-3-O-rhamnoside.
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Gunnaiah R, Kushalappa AC, Duggavathi R, Fox S, Somers DJ. Integrated metabolo-proteomic approach to decipher the mechanisms by which wheat QTL (Fhb1) contributes to resistance against Fusarium graminearum. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40695. [PMID: 22866179 PMCID: PMC3398977 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Resistance in plants to pathogen attack can be qualitative or quantitative. For the latter, hundreds of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been identified, but the mechanisms of resistance are largely unknown. Integrated non-target metabolomics and proteomics, using high resolution hybrid mass spectrometry, were applied to identify the mechanisms of resistance governed by the fusarium head blight resistance locus, Fhb1, in the near isogenic lines derived from wheat genotype Nyubai. Findings The metabolomic and proteomic profiles were compared between the near isogenic lines (NIL) with resistant and susceptible alleles of Fhb1 upon F. graminearum or mock-inoculation. The resistance-related metabolites and proteins identified were mapped to metabolic pathways. Metabolites of the shunt phenylpropanoid pathway such as hydroxycinnamic acid amides, phenolic glucosides and flavonoids were induced only in the resistant NIL, or induced at higher abundances in resistant than in susceptible NIL, following pathogen inoculation. The identities of these metabolites were confirmed, with fragmentation patterns, using the high resolution LC-LTQ-Orbitrap. Concurrently, the enzymes of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis such as cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase, caffeic acid O-methyltransferase, flavonoid O-methyltransferase, agmatine coumaroyltransferase and peroxidase were also up-regulated. Increased cell wall thickening due to deposition of hydroxycinnamic acid amides and flavonoids was confirmed by histo-chemical localization of the metabolites using confocal microscopy. Conclusion The present study demonstrates that the resistance in Fhb1 derived from the wheat genotype Nyubai is mainly associated with cell wall thickening due to deposition of hydroxycinnamic acid amides, phenolic glucosides and flavonoids, but not with the conversion of deoxynivalenol to less toxic deoxynivalenol 3-O-glucoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghavendra Gunnaiah
- Plant Science Department, McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ajjamada C. Kushalappa
- Plant Science Department, McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Raj Duggavathi
- Animal Science Department, McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stephen Fox
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Daryl J. Somers
- Vineland Research and Innovation Center, Vineland, Ontario, Canada
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