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Daneshvar Tarigh G. Enantioseparation/Recognition based on nano techniques/materials. J Sep Sci 2023:e2201065. [PMID: 37043692 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202201065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Enantiomers show different behaviors in interaction with the chiral environment. Due to their identical chemical structure and their wide application in various industries, such as agriculture, medicine, pesticide, food, and so forth, their separation is of great importance. Today, the term "nano" is frequently encountered in all fields. Technology and measuring devices are moving towards miniaturization, and the usage of nanomaterials in all sectors is expanding substantially. Given that scientists have recently attempted to apply miniaturized techniques known as nano-liquid chromatography/capillary-liquid chromatography, which were originally accomplished in 1988, as well as the widespread usage of nanomaterials for chiral resolution (back in 1989), this comprehensive study was developed. Searching the terms "nano" and "enantiomer separation" on scientific websites such as Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science yields articles that either use miniaturized instruments or apply nanomaterials as chiral selectors with a variety of chemical and electrochemical detection techniques, which are discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazale Daneshvar Tarigh
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Hefnawy M, El-Gendy M, Al-Salem H, Marenga H, El-Azab A, Abdel-Aziz A, Gamal AE, Alanazi M, Obaidullah A, Al-Hossaini A, Hefnawy A. Trends in monoliths: Packings, stationary phases and nanoparticles. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1691:463819. [PMID: 36724721 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Monoliths media are gaining interest as excellent substitutes to conventional particle-packed columns. Monolithic columns show higher permeability and lower flow resistance than conventional liquid chromatography columns, providing high-throughput performance, resolution and separation in short run times. Monolithic columns with longer length, smaller inner diameter and specific selectivity to peptides or enantiomers have been played important role in hyphenated system. Monolithic stationary phases possess great efficiency, resolution, selectivity and sensitivity in the separation of complex biological samples, such as the complex mixtures of peptides for proteome analysis. The development of monolithic stationary phases has opened the new avenue in chromatographic separation science and is in turn playing much more important roles in the wide application area. Monolithic stationary phases have been widely used in fast and high efficiency one- and multi-dimensional separation systems, miniaturized devices, and hyphenated system coupled with mass spectrometers. The developing technology for preparation of monolithic stationary phases is revolutionizing the column technology for the separation of complex biological samples. These techniques using porous monoliths offer several advantages, including miniaturization and on-line coupling with analytical instruments. Additionally, monoliths are ideal support media for imprinting template-specific sites, resulting in the so-called molecularly-imprinted monoliths, with ultra-high selectivity. In this review, the origin of the concept, the differences between their characteristics and those of traditional packings, their advantages and drawbacks, theory of separations, the methods for the monoliths preparation of different forms, nanoparticle monoliths and metal-organic framework are discussed. Two application areas of monolithic metal-organic framework and nanoparticle monoliths are provided. The review article discusses the results reported in a total of 218 references. Other older references were included to illustrate the historical development of monoliths, both in preparation and types, as well as separation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hefnawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Manal El-Gendy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda Al-Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanin Marenga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel El-Azab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali El Gamal
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal, Aromatic & Poisonous Plant Research Center (MAPPRC), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Obaidullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Al-Hossaini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Hefnawy
- Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura Manchester Medical Program, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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3
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Şarkaya K, Aşir S, Göktürk I, Ektirici S, Yilmaz F, Yavuz H, Denizli A. Separation of histidine enantiomers by capillary electrochromatography with molecularly imprinted monolithic columns. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.201900101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koray Şarkaya
- Department of ChemistryHacettepe University Ankara Turkey
| | - Süleyman Aşir
- Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology EngineeringNear East University Mersin Turkey
| | - Ilgım Göktürk
- Department of ChemistryHacettepe University Ankara Turkey
| | - Sisem Ektirici
- Department of ChemistryHacettepe University Ankara Turkey
| | - Fatma Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry TechnolgyBolu Abant İzzet Baysal University Bolu Turkey
| | - Handan Yavuz
- Department of ChemistryHacettepe University Ankara Turkey
| | - Adil Denizli
- Department of ChemistryHacettepe University Ankara Turkey
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4
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Şarkaya K, Aşir S, Göktürk I, Yilmaz F, Yavuz H, Denizli A. Electrochromatographic separation of hydrophobic amino acid enantiomers by molecularly imprinted capillary columns. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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5
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Recent advances in preparation and applications of monolithic chiral stationary phases. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Gogoi A, Mazumder N, Konwer S, Ranawat H, Chen NT, Zhuo GY. Enantiomeric Recognition and Separation by Chiral Nanoparticles. Molecules 2019; 24:E1007. [PMID: 30871182 PMCID: PMC6470864 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24061007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral molecules are stereoselective with regard to specific biological functions. Enantiomers differ considerably in their physiological reactions with the human body. Safeguarding the quality and safety of drugs requires an efficient analytical platform by which to selectively probe chiral compounds to ensure the extraction of single enantiomers. Asymmetric synthesis is a mature approach to the production of single enantiomers; however, it is poorly suited to mass production and allows for only specific enantioselective reactions. Furthermore, it is too expensive and time-consuming for the evaluation of therapeutic drugs in the early stages of development. These limitations have prompted the development of surface-modified nanoparticles using amino acids, chiral organic ligands, or functional groups as chiral selectors applicable to a racemic mixture of chiral molecules. The fact that these combinations can be optimized in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and enantioselectivity makes them ideal for enantiomeric recognition and separation. In chiral resolution, molecules bond selectively to particle surfaces according to homochiral interactions, whereupon an enantiopure compound is extracted from the solution through a simple filtration process. In this review article, we discuss the fabrication of chiral nanoparticles and look at the ways their distinctive surface properties have been adopted in enantiomeric recognition and separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Gogoi
- Department of Physics, Jagannath Barooah College, Jorhat, Assam 785001, India.
| | - Nirmal Mazumder
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
| | - Surajit Konwer
- Department of Chemistry, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam 786004, India.
| | - Harsh Ranawat
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
| | - Nai-Tzu Chen
- Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Rd., Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Guan-Yu Zhuo
- Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Rd., Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Rd., Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
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D' Orazio G, Asensio-Ramos M, Fanali C. Enantiomers separation by capillary electrochromatography using polysaccharide-based stationary phases. J Sep Sci 2018; 42:360-384. [PMID: 30198206 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The separation of chiral compounds is an interesting and important topic of research because these compounds are involved in some biological processes, fundamentally in human health. Among the various application fields where enantiomers are remarkable, drug analysis has to be considered. Most of the drugs contain enantiomers and very often one of the two isomers could be pharmacologically more active or even dangerous. Therefore, the separation of these compounds is very important. Among the different analytical techniques usually employed, capillary electrochromatography has demonstrated great capability in enantiomers resolution. The great potential of this electromigration technique stands mainly in its high efficiency due to the use of an electrosmotic flow (flat flow profile) and on the high selectivity because of the use of a stationary phase. Chiral separation can be obtained utilizing several chiral stationary phases including a polysaccharide derivative. The aim of this review paper is to summarize the main features of capillary electrochromatography and polysaccharide derivatives of chiral stationary phase. It also report examples of practical applications utilizing this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni D' Orazio
- Institute of Chemical Methodologies, Italian National Research Council (C.N.R.), Monterotondo, Italy
| | - María Asensio-Ramos
- Instituto Volcanológico de Canarias (INVOLCAN), Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Chiara Fanali
- Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
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8
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Batra S, Bhushan R. Methods and approaches for determination and enantioseparation of (RS
)-propranolol. Biomed Chromatogr 2018; 33:e4370. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonika Batra
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences; GD Goenka University; Gurgaon India
| | - Ravi Bhushan
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Jammu; Jammu-181221 J&K India
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Li Y, Li Q, Zhu N, Gao Z, Ma Y. Cellulose type chiral stationary phase based on reduced graphene oxide@silica gel for the enantiomer separation of chiral compounds. Chirality 2018; 30:996-1004. [PMID: 29856908 DOI: 10.1002/chir.22976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The graphene oxide (GO) was covalently coupled to the surfaces of silica gel (SiO2 ) microspheres by amide bond to get the graphene oxide@silica gel (GO@SiO2 ). Then, the GO@SiO2 was reduced with hydrazine to the reduced graphene oxide@silica gel (rGO@SiO2 ), and the cellulose derivatives were physically coated on the surfaces of rGO@SiO2 to prepare a chiral stationary phase (CSP) for high performance liquid chromatography. Under the optimum experimental conditions, eight benzene-enriched enantiomers were separated completely, and the resolution of trans-stilbene oxide perfectly reached 4.83. Compared with the blank column of non-bonded rGO, the separation performance is better on the new CSP, which is due to the existence of rGO to produce special retention interaction with analytes, such as π-π stacking, hydrophobic effect, π-π electron-donor-acceptor interaction, and hydrogen bonding. Therefore, the obtained CSP shows special selectivity for benzene-enriched enantiomers, improves separation selectivity and efficiency, and rGO plays a synergistic effect with cellulose derivatives on enantioseparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Nan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zhuxian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yulong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
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Sierra I, Marina ML, Pérez-Quintanilla D, Morante-Zarcero S, Silva M. Approaches for enantioselective resolution of pharmaceuticals by miniaturised separation techniques with new chiral phases based on nanoparticles and monolithis. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:2538-2553. [PMID: 27434636 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This article discusses new developments in the preparation of nanoparticles and monoliths with emphasis upon their application as the stationary and pseudo-stationary phases for miniaturised liquid phase separation techniques, which have occurred in the last 10 years (from 2006 to the actuality). References included in this review represent current trends and state of the art in the application of these materials to the analysis, by EKC, CEC and miniaturised chromatography, of chiral compounds with environmental interest such as pharmaceuticals. Due to their extraordinary properties, columns prepared with these new chiral stationary or pseudo-stationary phases, based on materials such as gold nanoparticles, metal-organic frameworks, ordered mesoporous silicas, carbonaceous materials, polymeric-based and silica-based monoliths or molecularly imprinted materials, can usually show some improvements in the separation selectivity, column efficiency and chemical stability in comparison with conventional chiral columns available commercially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Sierra
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Energética, Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Tecnología Mecánica y Química Analítica, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/ Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Damián Pérez-Quintanilla
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Energética, Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Tecnología Mecánica y Química Analítica, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/ Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Morante-Zarcero
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Energética, Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Tecnología Mecánica y Química Analítica, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/ Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariana Silva
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Energética, Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Tecnología Mecánica y Química Analítica, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/ Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
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12
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Declerck S, Vander Heyden Y, Mangelings D. Enantioseparations of pharmaceuticals with capillary electrochromatography: A review. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 130:81-99. [PMID: 27156645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The chiral separation of pharmaceuticals is one of the major research topics in the pharmaceutical industry. Chromatographic techniques are most frequently used in this context. Separations in capillary electrochromatography (CEC) are an alternative and achieved by chromatographic retention and electrophoretic mobility principles. As a result, CEC is characterized by a high selectivity and efficiency. The limited number of stationary phases specifically developed for CEC, the low number of commercially available CEC columns, the frits to maintain the stationary phase, which forms fragile spots in the columns, and the limited column robustness and reproducibility, make CEC not very attractive for industrial application. However, CEC is still applied and studied in the academic field. This review discusses the enantioseparation of drugs in CEC published during the last four years, with a critical view on the reproducibility and the practical utility of these applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Declerck
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology (FABI), Center for Pharmaceutical Research (CePhaR), Vrije Universiteit Brussel-VUB, Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Yvan Vander Heyden
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology (FABI), Center for Pharmaceutical Research (CePhaR), Vrije Universiteit Brussel-VUB, Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Debby Mangelings
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology (FABI), Center for Pharmaceutical Research (CePhaR), Vrije Universiteit Brussel-VUB, Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium.
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13
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Enantioseparation of basic chiral compounds on a clindamycin phosphate-silica/zirconia hybrid monolith by capillary electrochromatography. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1356:289-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.06.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Tang S, Guo Y, Xiong C, Liu S, Liu X, Jiang S. Nanoparticle-based monoliths for chromatographic separations. Analyst 2014; 139:4103-17. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an00593g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Al-Othman ZA, Al-Warthan A, Ali I. Advances in enantiomeric resolution on monolithic chiral stationary phases in liquid chromatography and electrochromatography. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:1033-57. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201301326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeid A. Al-Othman
- Department of Chemistry; College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Warthan
- Department of Chemistry; College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry; Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University); New Delhi India
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Park JM, Park JH. Enantiomer separations of basic chiral compounds by capillary electrochromatography on a phosphated β-cyclodextrin-modified zirconia monolith. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1339:229-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Bhushan R, Nagar H. Enantioseparation of Orciprenaline, Betaxolol, and Propranolol using HPLC and New Chiral Reagents Based on 1,5-Difluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. ANAL LETT 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2013.838677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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Synthesis and characterization of cellulose 3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate silica hybrid spheres for enantioseparation of chiral β-blockers. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1321:38-47. [PMID: 24231262 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A cellulose derivative-based chiral stationary phase (CSP) is considered one of the most widely applied CSPs due to its powerful enantioseparation ability. The high loading capacity and mechanical strength of CSPs are crucial for their application in preparative chromatography, such as a simulated moving bed. Compared to traditional cellulose-based CSPs that have been adsorbed onto chromatographic supports, organic-inorganic hybrid CSPs exhibit a potentially higher loading capacity and mechanical strength by increasing the density of chiral recognition groups. A hybrid cellulose 3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate chiral stationary phase (organic/inorganic: 70/30, w/w) was prepared via a sol-gel method and characterized with several analytical techniques, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and (29)Si cross polarization/magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance ((29)Si CP/MAS NMR). In addition, the as-synthesized hybrid chiral silica spheres were treated with an end-capping process to mask the residual silica hydroxyl groups. Compared to a commercial Chiralpak IB column, better separation of β-blocker drugs, including pindolol (selectivity of 5.55), metoprolol (2.30), propranolol (1.96), bisoprolol (1.74) and atenolol (1.46), on the end-capped CSP was achieved using liquid chromatography, which suggests that the packing material synthesized in this work has sufficient chiral discriminating ability for the effective separation of β-blocker drugs.
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Hong JS, Park JH. Chiral Separation of Basic Compounds on Sulfated β-Cyclodextrin-Coated Zirconia Monolith by Capillary Electrochromatography. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2013. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2013.34.6.1809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Tsioupi DA, Stefan-Vanstaden RI, Kapnissi-Christodoulou CP. Chiral selectors in CE: recent developments and applications. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:178-204. [PMID: 23161372 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Revised: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This review article provides an overview of the recent advances in enantioanalysis by use of electrophoretic techniques. Due to the big number of publications in the subject mentioned above, this article is focused on chiral method developments and applications published from 2008 until 2011, and it demonstrates chiral selectors used in CE. Numerous chiral selectors have been used over the years, and these include the cyclic and the linear oligo- and polysaccharides, the branched polysaccharides, the polymeric and monomeric surfactants, the macrocyclic and other antibiotics, and the crown ethers. Different dual-selector systems are also presented in this article, and the results are compared with those obtained by use of a single chiral selector. Finally, several pharmaceutical and biomedical applications based on chiral recognition are summarized.
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21
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Kang H, Liu R, Huang Y. Cellulose derivatives and graft copolymers as blocks for functional materials. POLYM INT 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Kang
- Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Ruigang Liu
- Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yong Huang
- Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
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22
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Kumar AP, Kim JH, Thanh TD, Lee YI. Chiral zirconia magnetic microspheres as a new recyclable selector for the discrimination of racemic drugs. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:4909-4915. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20826e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Ou J, Lin H, Tang S, Zhang Z, Dong J, Zou H. Hybrid monolithic columns coated with cellulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenyl-carbamate) for enantioseparations in capillary electrochromatography and capillary liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1269:372-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Revised: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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24
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Lee JM, Jang MD, Park JH. Chiral Separation on Sulfonated Cellulose Tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)-coated Zirconia Monolith by Capillary Electrochromatography. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2012. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.8.2651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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25
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Enantioseparation of chiral acids and bases on a clindamycin phosphate-modified zirconia monolith by capillary electrochromatography. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1251:244-248. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 06/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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