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Martínez-García I, Gaona-Scheytt C, Morante-Zarcero S, Sierra I. Development of a Green, Quick, and Efficient Method Based on Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Followed by HPLC-DAD for the Analysis of Bioactive Glycoalkaloids in Potato Peel Waste. Foods 2024; 13:651. [PMID: 38472764 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
α-Solanine and α-chaconine are the two most predominant glycoalkaloids (GAs) present in potato. Potato peel contains a high concentration of GAs, which are especially interesting for application in the pharmaceutical industry due to their different beneficial properties (such as anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, antipyretic, antiviral, fungicide, and antibiotic activities, among others); so, potato peel waste can be valorized by extracting these biologically active compounds. For this, a green, quick, and efficient miniaturized analytical approach based on ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) combined with HPLC-DAD was developed to quantify α-solanine and α-chaconine in potato peel. Some parameters of the extraction were optimized, including the extraction method, the type of solvent, and the sample/solvent ratio, by a three-factor, three-level (33) full factorial experimental design. The optimal extraction conditions were obtained with UAE using methanol as a solvent and a sample/solvent ratio of 1:10 (w/v, g/mL). The analytical greenness metric for sample preparation (AGREEprep) tool was used to assess the greenness of the methods used. The tool revealed an acceptable green analysis, with 0.61 points. The method was validated and applied to the evaluation of GAs in the peel of 15 commercial varieties of potato. The amount of glycoalkaloids found in the samples evaluated ranged from 143 to 1273 mg/kg and from 117 to 1742 mg/kg dry weight for α-solanine and α-chaconine, respectively. These results reveal the important variability that exists between potato varieties; so, their analysis is of great importance to select the most suitable ones for biovalorization (e.g., the Amandine and Rudolph varieties, with around 3000 mg/kg, in total, of both GAs). To provide higher stability to the peel during storage, freeze-drying or a medium-temperature drying process resulted preferable to avoid GA degradation. Overall, this study will contribute to the expansion of the future biovalorization of potato peel waste as well as provide a powerful analytical tool for GA analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Martínez-García
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, E.S.C.E.T, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
| | - Carlos Gaona-Scheytt
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, E.S.C.E.T, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
| | - Sonia Morante-Zarcero
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, E.S.C.E.T, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
| | - Isabel Sierra
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, E.S.C.E.T, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
- Instituto de Tecnologías para la Sostenibilidad, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/ Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
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Casado N, Morante-Zarcero S, Sierra I. Miniaturized Analytical Strategy Based on μ-SPEed for Monitoring the Occurrence of Pyrrolizidine and Tropane Alkaloids in Honey. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:819-832. [PMID: 38109357 PMCID: PMC10786043 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the analysis of trace-level contaminants in food must be addressed following green analytical chemistry principles and with a commitment to the sustainable development goals. Accordingly, a sustainable and ecofriendly microextraction procedure based on μ-SPEed followed by ultrahigh liquid chromatography coupled to ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry analysis was developed to determine the occurrence of pyrrolizidine and tropane alkaloids in honey samples. The μ-SPEed procedure took approximately 3 min per sample, using only 100 μL of organic solvent and 300 μL of diluted sample. The method was properly validated (overall recoveries 72-100% and precision RSD values ≤15%), and its greenness was scored at 0.61 out of 1. The method was applied to different honey samples, showing overall contamination levels from 32 to 177 μg/kg of these alkaloids. Atropine was found in all the samples, whereas retrorsine N-oxide, lasiocarpine, echimidine, and echimidine N-oxide were the main pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the samples analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Casado
- Departamento
de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, E.S.C.E.T, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Morante-Zarcero
- Departamento
de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, E.S.C.E.T, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Sierra
- Departamento
de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, E.S.C.E.T, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto
de Tecnologías para la Sostenibilidad, Universidad Rey Juan
Carlos, C/Tulipán
s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
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Casado-Hidalgo G, Morante-Zarcero S, Pérez-Quintanilla D, Sierra I. Design and Optimisation of Sustainable Sample Treatments Based on Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction and Strong Cation-Exchange Purification with Functionalised SBA-15 for Opium Alkaloids in Ground Poppy Seeds. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:672. [PMID: 38133176 PMCID: PMC10747185 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15120672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
An analysis methodology was optimised and validated for the quantification of opium alkaloids (OAs) in ground poppy seeds. This involved ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and solid-phase extraction (SPE) purification before analysis using a high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry detector (HPLC-MS/MS). UAE was optimised through the design of experiments with three factors and a three-level full factorial design. For SPE optimisation, a commercial material was compared with a previously synthesised material of SBA-15 silica functionalised with sulfonic groups (SBA-15-SO3-). The synthesised material demonstrated superior efficiency with only 25 mg and proved to be reusable for up to four cycles. The methodology was properly validated in terms of linearity, limits of detection and quantification, and selectivity. Matrix effects were negligible; adequate recovery values (85-100%) and inter-day and intra-day precision (≤15%) were obtained. The greenness of the method was evaluated with the AGREEprep metric scale, being more environmentally friendly compared to OA analysis methods. Finally, the method was applied to different samples of ground poppy seeds and revealed a concentration of 140 mg/kg of morphine equivalents in one of the samples, surpassing the legislatively established limits by sevenfold. This highlights the need to analyse these types of samples to mitigate potential public health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Isabel Sierra
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, E.S.C.E.T, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, 28933 Madrid, Spain; (G.C.-H.); (S.M.-Z.); (D.P.-Q.)
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González-Gómez L, Morante-Zarcero S, Pereira JAM, Câmara JS, Sierra I. Evaluation of Tropane Alkaloids in Teas and Herbal Infusions: Effect of Brewing Time and Temperature on Atropine and Scopolamine Content. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:362. [PMID: 37368663 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15060362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Atropine and scopolamine belong to the tropane alkaloid (TA) family of natural toxins. They can contaminate teas and herbal teas and appear in infusions. Therefore, this study focused on analyzing atropine and scopolamine in 33 samples of tea and herbal tea infusions purchased in Spain and Portugal to determine the presence of these compounds in infusions brewed at 97 °C for 5 min. A rapid microextraction technique (µSPEed®) followed by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was used to analyze the selected TAs. The results showed that 64% of the analyzed samples were contaminated by one or both toxins. White and green teas were generally more contaminated than black and other herbal teas. Of the 21 contaminated samples, 15 had concentrations above the maximum limit for liquid herbal infusions (0.2 ng/mL) set by Commission Regulation (EU) 2021/1408. In addition, the effects of heating conditions (time and temperature) on atropine and scopolamine standards and naturally contaminated samples of white, green, and black teas were evaluated. The results showed that at the concentrations studied (0.2 and 4 ng/mL), there was no degradation in the standard solutions. Brewing with boiling water (decoction) for 5 and 10 min allowed for higher extraction of TAs from dry tea to infusion water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena González-Gómez
- ESCET-Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, 28933 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Morante-Zarcero
- ESCET-Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, 28933 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge A M Pereira
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - José S Câmara
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e da Engenharia, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Isabel Sierra
- ESCET-Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, 28933 Madrid, Spain
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Izcara S, Morante-Zarcero S, Pérez-Quintanilla D, Sierra I. Application of a hybrid large pore mesoporous silica functionalized with β-cyclodextrin as sorbent in dispersive solid-phase extraction. Toward sustainable sample preparation protocols to determine polyphenolic compounds in Arbutus unedo L. fruits by UHPLC-IT-MS/MS. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Sierra I, Pyfrom S, Weiner A, Zhao G, Driscoll A, Yu X, Gregory BD, Vaughan AE, Anguera MC. Unusual X chromosome inactivation maintenance in female alveolar type 2 cells is correlated with increased numbers of X-linked escape genes and sex-biased gene expression. Stem Cell Reports 2023; 18:489-502. [PMID: 36638790 PMCID: PMC9968984 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex differences exist for many lung pathologies, including COVID-19 and pulmonary fibrosis, but the mechanistic basis for this remains unclear. Alveolar type 2 cells (AT2s), which play a key role in alveolar lung regeneration, express the X-linked Ace2 gene that has roles in lung repair and SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, suggesting that X chromosome inactivation (XCI) in AT2s might impact sex-biased lung pathology. Here we investigate XCI maintenance and sex-specific gene expression profiles using male and female AT2s. Remarkably, the inactive X chromosome (Xi) lacks robust canonical Xist RNA "clouds" and less enrichment of heterochromatic modifications in human and mouse AT2s. We demonstrate that about 68% of expressed X-linked genes in mouse AT2s, including Ace2, escape XCI. There are genome-wide expression differences between male and female AT2s, likely influencing both lung physiology and pathophysiologic responses. These studies support a renewed focus on AT2s as a potential contributor to sex-biased differences in lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Sierra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sarah Pyfrom
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aaron Weiner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gan Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amanda Driscoll
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiang Yu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Brian D Gregory
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew E Vaughan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Montserrat C Anguera
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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González-Gómez L, Gañán J, Morante-Zarcero S, Pérez-Quintanilla D, Sierra I. Atropine and scopolamine occurrence in spices and fennel infusions. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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8
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Izcara S, Perestrelo R, Morante-Zarcero S, Sierra I, Câmara JS. Volatilomic fingerprinting from edible flowers. Unravelling some impact compounds behind its attractiveness. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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9
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Gañán J, Martínez-García G, Morante-Zarcero S, Pérez-Quintanilla D, Sierra I. Nanomaterials-modified electrochemical sensors for sensitive determination of alkaloids: Recent trends in the application to biological, pharmaceutical and agri-food samples. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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González-Gómez L, Morante-Zarcero S, Pereira JAM, Câmara JS, Sierra I. Improved Analytical Approach for Determination of Tropane Alkaloids in Leafy Vegetables Based on µ-QuEChERS Combined with HPLC-MS/MS. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14100650. [PMID: 36287919 PMCID: PMC9612249 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14100650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This work presents an optimized methodology based on the miniaturization of the original QuEChERS (μ-QuEChERS) followed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) for the determination of tropane alkaloids (TAs), atropine, and scopolamine in leafy vegetable samples. The analytical methodology was successfully validated, demonstrating quantitation limits (MQL) ≤ 2.3 ng/g, good accuracy, and precision, with recoveries between 90–100% and RSD ≤ 13% for both analytes. The method was applied to the analysis of TA-producing plants (Brugmansia versicolor, Solandra maxima, and Convolvulus arvensis). High concentrations of scopolamine were found in flowers (1771 mg/kg) and leaves (297 mg/kg) of B. versicolor. The highest concentration of atropine was found in flowers of S. maxima (10.4 mg/kg). Commercial mixed leafy vegetables contaminated with B. versicolor and S. maxima were analysed to verify the efficacy of the method, showing recoveries between 82 and 110% for both analytes. Finally, the method was applied to the analysis of eighteen samples of leafy vegetables, finding atropine in three samples of mixed leafy vegetables, with concentrations of 2.7, 3.2, and 3.4 ng/g, and in nine samples with concentrations ≤MQL. In turn, scopolamine was only found in a sample of chopped Swiss chard with a concentration ≤MQL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena González-Gómez
- ESCET—Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Sonia Morante-Zarcero
- ESCET—Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge A. M. Pereira
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - José S. Câmara
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e da Engenharia, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Isabel Sierra
- ESCET—Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-488-7018; Fax: +34-91-488-8143
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Casado N, Fernández-Pintor B, Morante-Zarcero S, Sierra I. Quick and Green Microextraction of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids from Infusions of Mallow, Calendula, and Hibiscus Flowers Using Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:7826-7841. [PMID: 35714998 PMCID: PMC9930110 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A sustainable microextraction of pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) from edible flower infusions using the innovative μSPEed technique is proposed. Different sorbents and extraction conditions were tested, achieving the highest extraction efficiency with an octadecylsilane sorbent (4 mg). The extraction procedure just took 1 min per sample, and only 300 μL of methanol and 300 μL of the sample were used per extraction. Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry was used for analysis. The method was properly validated, providing suitable linearity, selectivity, sensitivity (quantification limits 0.3-1 μg/L), overall recoveries (79-97%), and precision (≤17% relative standard deviation). Its application to the analysis of different infusions of mallow, calendula, and hibiscus flowers revealed similar total PA values (23-41 μg/L) and contamination profile among the mallow and hibiscus samples, with predominance of senecionine-type and heliotrine-type PAs, respectively. Conversely, calendula samples showed more variations (23-113 μg/L), highlighting the occurrence of intermedine N-oxide and europine N-oxide on them.
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12
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Casado-Hidalgo G, Martínez-García G, Morante-Zarcero S, Pérez-Quintanilla D, Sierra I. New Validated Method for the Determination of Six Opium Alkaloids in Poppy Seed-Containing Bakery Products by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry after Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:7594-7606. [PMID: 35674269 PMCID: PMC9228061 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bakery products containing poppy seeds are increasingly being commercialized. These seeds may be contaminated with latex from the Papaver somniferum L. plant rich in opium alkaloids (OAs). Therefore, health authorities demand the development of analytical methods to control them. In this study, an efficient and simple method was developed and validated for the first time to analyze six OAs in bakery products by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. For this purpose, a solid-liquid extraction was optimized, and then a magnetic material [magnetite surface-modified with Fe(III) terephthalate, denoted as Fe3O4@TPA-Fe] was used for a fast magnetic solid-phase extraction. The method has been validated with adequate recoveries (70-110%) and relative standard deviations (<20%) and without matrix effects. Nine bakery samples (five breadsticks and four sliced bread) were analyzed; breadsticks showed low amounts of OAs, but two sliced bread showed higher amounts of OAs than the new amount (1.5 mg/kg) set by the Commission Regulation (EU) 2021/2142.
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Izcara S, Perestrelo R, Morante-Zarcero S, Câmara JS, Sierra I. High throughput analytical approach based on μQuEChERS combined with UHPLC-PDA for analysis of bioactive secondary metabolites in edible flowers. Food Chem 2022; 393:133371. [PMID: 35661599 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mallow blue (Malva sylvestris L.), hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.) and nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.), are common edible flowers rich in bioactive secondary metabolites (BASMs) whose use in sophisticated gastronomy present currently as increasing trend. In this study the BASMs profile of these edible flowers was established using an emerging green extraction technique, μQuEChERS followed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to a photodiode array detection system (UHPLC-PDA). After validation the μQuEChERS/UHPLC-PDA methodology allow to identify that apigenin and epigallocatechin gallate are the most abundant BASMs in mallow blue flowers, while catechin and dicaffeoylquinic acid are predominant in hibiscus flowers, and myricitrin and dicaffeoylquinic acid in nasturtium flowers. Total polyphenol content is the highest in the extract of hibiscus. Nasturtium shows the greatest radical scavenging activity. The results revealed that these flowers constitute a potential source of BASMs with different bioactive properties suggesting its use in design of new functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Izcara
- ESCET- Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain; CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Rosa Perestrelo
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Sonia Morante-Zarcero
- ESCET- Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - José S Câmara
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e Engenharia, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Isabel Sierra
- ESCET- Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
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14
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González-Gómez L, Morante-Zarcero S, Pérez-Quintanilla D, Sierra I. Occurrence and Chemistry of Tropane Alkaloids in Foods, with a Focus on Sample Analysis Methods: A Review on Recent Trends and Technological Advances. Foods 2022; 11:foods11030407. [PMID: 35159558 PMCID: PMC8833975 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropane alkaloids (TAs) are natural toxins produced by different plants, mainly from the Solanaceae family. The interest in TAs analysis is due to the serious cases of poisoning that are produced due to the presence of TA-producing plants in a variety of foods. For this reason, in recent years, different analytical methods have been reported for their control. However, the complexity of the matrices makes the sample preparation a critical step for this task. Therefore, this review has focused on (a) collecting the available data in relation to the occurrence of TAs in foods for human consumption and (b) providing the state of the art in food sample preparation (from 2015 to today). Regarding the different food categories, cereals and related products and teas and herbal teas have been the most analyzed. Solid–liquid extraction is still the technique most widely used for sample preparation, although other extraction and purification techniques such as solid-phase extraction or QuEChERS procedure, based on the use of sorbents for extract or clean-up step, are being applied since they allow cleaner extracts. On the other hand, new materials (molecularly imprinted polymers, mesostructured silica-based materials, metal–organic frameworks) are emerging as sorbents to develop effective extraction and purification methods that allow lower limits and matrix effects, being a future trend for the analysis of TAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Isabel Sierra
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-488-7018; Fax: +34-91-488-8143
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Sierra I, Pérez-Mayoral J, Rosado K, Maldonado V, Alicea-Zambrana K, Reyes JS, Torres M, Tous L, Lopéz-Acevedo N, Diaz-Algorrí Y, Carlo-Chevere V, Rodriguez-Quilichini S, Cruz-Correa M. Implementation of Universal Colorectal Cancer Screening for Lynch Syndrome in Hispanics Living in Puerto Rico. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2021; 8:1185-1191. [PMID: 33006754 PMCID: PMC8183604 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-020-00876-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Colorectal cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in Puerto Rico and third among Hispanics in the USA. Up to 2-4% of colorectal cancer cases are a result of Lynch syndrome (LS), a hereditary cancer syndrome caused by a germline mutation in at least one of the DNA mismatch repair genes. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of LS in colorectal tumors during the first 15-months after the implementation of universal tumor-based screening for LS in Puerto Rico. METHODS A total of 317 colorectal tumors were evaluated in a large private pathology laboratory from September 2014 to December 2015. Clinical characteristics were obtained from the pathology reports. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression models were used to estimate the magnitude of association (odds ratio [OR] with 95% confidence intervals [CI]) between absent MMR protein expression and patient characteristics. RESULTS Most cases (93.4%) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry; 11.8% (35 of 296) had deficient mismatch repair protein expression. While 29 of the 317 cases were subjected to PCR-based microsatellite instability analysis of which 10.3% (3 of 317) had microsatellite instability. In total, 11.0% of the tumors were reported MMR deficient. These tumors were more likely from females and more likely localized in the proximal colon compared to those with proficient MMR expression. CONCLUSIONS Our data is consistent with the results from other studies including US Hispanics, where approximately 10% of Hispanic individuals with colorectal cancer have microsatellite instability. Our results support universal tumor-based screening for LS among Hispanics in accordance with National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Sierra
- Division of Cancer Biology, University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Julyann Pérez-Mayoral
- Division of Cancer Biology, University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Kathia Rosado
- Hato Rey Pathology Laboratories, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Valerie Maldonado
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas, Puerto Rico
| | | | - José S Reyes
- Colorectal Cancer Surgery Clinic, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Marla Torres
- Colorectal Cancer Surgery Clinic, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Luis Tous
- Colorectal Cancer Surgery Clinic, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | | | - Yaritza Diaz-Algorrí
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas, Puerto Rico
| | - Victor Carlo-Chevere
- Department of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, PO BOX 365067, San Juan, 00936, Puerto Rico
| | | | - Marcia Cruz-Correa
- Division of Cancer Biology, University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
- Department of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, PO BOX 365067, San Juan, 00936, Puerto Rico.
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, Puerto Rico.
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Casado-Hidalgo G, Pérez-Quintanilla D, Morante-Zarcero S, Sierra I. Mesostructured Silica-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles to Extract Six Opium Alkaloids in Poppy Seeds Prior to Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis. Foods 2021; 10:1587. [PMID: 34359458 PMCID: PMC8307897 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, health authorities have become increasingly concerned about preventing consumer exposure to opium alkaloids present in Papaver somniferum L. poppy seeds. In this study, a simple, rapid and efficient method has been optimised to determine all main opioids in poppy seeds (morphine, codeine, thebaine, papaverine, noscapine and oripavine) by UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS. For this purpose, solid-liquid extraction (SLE) of samples was optimised and six magnetic adsorbent materials with a core of Fe3O4 coated with amorphous and mesostructured silica, both functionalised with octadecyl-silane or octyl-silane were characterised and evaluated for magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE). The material with the best results was non-functionalised mesostructured silica and, with it, the MSPE procedure was optimised. This method was validated and used to quantify six opioids in 14 edible seed samples (eleven poppy seeds and three seed mixes). Considerable amounts were found (1.5-249.0 mg/kg morphine, <0.2 µg/kg-45.8 mg/kg codeine, <2.4 µg/kg-136.2 mg/kg thebaine, <0.2 µg/kg-27.1 mg/kg papaverine, <0.2 µg/kg-108.7 mg/kg noscapine and <240 µg/kg-33.4 mg/kg oripavine), exceeding maximum limits established in some EU countries and the reference level of morphine in the EU. Furthermore, in some commercial samples for human consumption, inadequate labelling was found because significant amounts of alkaloids were detected even though Papaver rhoeas L. seeds were declared on the product label.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Isabel Sierra
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, E.S.C.E.T., Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, 28933 Madrid, Spain; (G.C.-H.); (D.P.-Q.); (S.M.-Z.)
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González-Gómez L, Morante-Zarcero S, Pérez-Quintanilla D, Sierra I. Simultaneous Determination of Furanic Compounds and Acrylamide in Insect-Based Foods by HPLC-QqQ-MS/MS Employing a Functionalized Mesostructured Silica as Sorbent in Solid-Phase Extraction. Foods 2021; 10:1557. [PMID: 34359430 PMCID: PMC8305596 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Insect-based products are novel foods (NF) that merit careful study. For this reason, in this work a method has been developed for the simultaneous analysis of four food processing contaminants (FPC), acrylamide (AA), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, (HMF), 5-methylfurfural (MF) and furfural (F), in insect-based products (bars, crackers and flours) by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (HPLC-QqQ-MS/MS). The method consisted of a solid-liquid extraction (SLE) with acidified water, followed by solid-phase extraction (SPE), using 100 mg of a sorbent based on mesostructured silica with a large pore functionalized with amino groups (SBA-15-LP-NH2). The analytical method was properly optimized and validated in a representative bar sample of pineapple & coconut with cricket flour (Ins-B-Pine-Coco) showing good accuracy, with recoveries ranging from 70-101% for the four analytes and adequate precision (RSD < 9%). Good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.995) and low method quantification limits for AA (between 1.3-1.4 µg/g), F (between 7.9-8.8 µg/g), MF (between 3.1-6.5 µg/g) and HMF (between 1.5-3.3 µg/g) were also obtained in all samples studied. The proposed method was successfully applied in eleven insect-based foods. Results revealed that insect-based bars can be a good alternative to traditional cereal bars to reduce dietary exposure to HMF; but, in order to reduce the exposure to AA, alternative formulations must be evaluated in the design of innovative insect-based crackers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Isabel Sierra
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, E.S.C.E.T, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, 28933 Madrid, Spain; (L.G.-G.); (S.M.-Z.); (D.P.-Q.)
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Izcara S, Morante-Zarcero S, de Andrés MT, Arroyo T, Sierra I. A comparative study of phenolic composition and antioxidant activity in commercial and experimental seedless table grapes cultivated in a Mediterranean climate. Food Measure 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00760-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Casado-Hidalgo G, Morante-Zarcero S, Pérez-Quintanilla D, Sierra I. Opium alkaloids in food products: Current and future perspectives. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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González-Gómez L, Gañán J, Morante-Zarcero S, Pérez-Quintanilla D, Sierra I. Sulfonic Acid-Functionalized SBA-15 as Strong Cation-Exchange Sorbent for Solid-Phase Extraction of Atropine and Scopolamine in Gluten-Free Grains and Flours. Foods 2020; 9:foods9121854. [PMID: 33322655 PMCID: PMC7763219 DOI: 10.3390/foods9121854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel method was developed and applied to the determination of the most representative tropane alkaloids (TAs), atropine and scopolamine, in gluten-free (GF) grains and flours by HPLC-MS/MS. Accordingly a suitable sample treatment procedure based on solid-liquid extraction (SLE) and followed by strong cation-exchange solid-phase extraction (SCX-SPE) was optimized. SBA-15 mesostructured silica functionalized with sulfonic acids was evaluated as sorbent. The proposed method was fully validated in sorghum flour showing good accuracy with recoveries in the range of 93–105%, good linearity (R2 > 0.999) and adequate precision (RSD < 20%). Low method quantification limits (MQL) were obtained (1.5 and 2.4 µg/kg for atropine and scopolamine, respectively) and no matrix effect was observed thanks to the extraction and clean-up protocol applied. The method was applied to 15 types of GF samples of pseudocereals (buckwheat, quinoa and amaranth), cereals (teff, corn and blue corn, sorghum and millet) and legumes (red and green lentil, chickpea and pea). Atropine was found above the MQL in eight of them, with values between 7 and 78 µg/kg, while scopolamine was only found in teff flour, its concentration being 28 µg/kg. The method developed is an interesting tool for determining TAs in a variety of samples of GF grains and flours.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Isabel Sierra
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-488-70-18; Fax: +34-91-488-81-43
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Izcara S, Casado N, Morante-Zarcero S, Sierra I. A Miniaturized QuEChERS Method Combined with Ultrahigh Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Oregano Samples. Foods 2020; 9:foods9091319. [PMID: 32962136 PMCID: PMC7554850 DOI: 10.3390/foods9091319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent and unexpected food alerts about relatively high amounts of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in oregano samples have stressed the need to develop analytical strategies to ensure food safety in this type of foodstuff. Accordingly, this work presents the development of a miniaturized strategy based on the QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) method combined with ultrahigh liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) for the determination of 21 pyrrolizidine alkaloids suggested by the European Food Safety Authority to be monitored in food. The analytical method was properly validated, with overall average recoveries from 77 to 96% and relative standard deviations <13% (n = 9). The method proved to be a sustainable analytical strategy which meets green analytical chemistry principles as it showed good performance by using small amounts of sample (0.2 g), organic solvents (1000 µL), clean-up sorbents (175 mg) and partitioning salts (0.65 g). Its feasibility was verified through the analysis of 23 oregano samples. Of the samples analyzed, 100% were contaminated, with an average concentration of 1254 µg/kg. Lasiocarpine, lasiocarpine N-oxide, europine, europine N-oxide, senecivernine, senecionine, echimidine N-oxide, lycopsamine N-oxide and intermedine N-oxide were the alkaloids which significantly contributed to the contamination of the samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Isabel Sierra
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-488-7018; Fax: +34-91-488-8143
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Albendea P, Sierra I, Hernández C, Barrado A, Yllera A. Natural uranium isotopes determination in 24h-urine samples from exposed workers to enriched uranium. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.108929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Gañán J, Morante-Zarcero S, Pérez-Quintanilla D, Sierra I. 2-Mercaptopyrimidine-functionalized mesostructured silicas to develop electrochemical sensors for a rapid control of scopolamine in tea and herbal tea infusions. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Sierra I, Nguyen S, Joyce E, Anguera MC. Investigating nuclear organization of the inactive X in female lymphocytes. The Journal of Immunology 2020. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.151.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are devastating, incurable disorders that affect over 20 million people in the US, and many of these disorders have a striking female bias. The genetic basis for this sex-bias arises from the X chromosome. Female mammals, with two X chromosomes, utilize the epigenetic process of X Chromosome Inactivation (XCI), which transcriptionally silences one X. Expression of the long noncoding RNA Xist from the inactive X (Xi) reorganizes the Xi into a compact, bipartite structure, and targets the Xi to the nuclear periphery in somatic cells. The paradigm of XCI maintenance in somatic cells is stable association of Xist RNA and heterochromatic marks on the Xi, which function to maintain the Xi structure. Recently, we found a dynamic mechanism of XCI maintenance in female lymphocytes. In naïve female B cells, Xist RNA is not localized to the Xi, but after stimulation Xist RNA and heterochromatin marks return to the Xi. How this dynamic XCI process impacts Xi structure in lymphocytes is unknown, including which factors regulate Xi nuclear organization in this system. Using a novel allele-specific imaging system, we will present new findings on the compaction and organization of the Xi in lymphocytes. Additionally, we are investigating the regulatory roles of chromatin organization and nuclear structure proteins for lymphocyte-specific XCI maintenance, and how these factors regulate X-linked gene expression. Together, these results underscore the importance of Xi structure for the fidelity of XCI in female lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Son Nguyen
- 1Perelman Sch. of Med., Univ. of Pennsylvania
| | - Eric Joyce
- 1Perelman Sch. of Med., Univ. of Pennsylvania
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Hernández JL, Sanlés I, Pérez-Montes R, Martínez-Taboada VM, Olmos JM, Salmón Z, Sierra I, Escalante E, Napal JJ. Antiphospholipid syndrome and antiphospholipid antibody profile in patients with retinal vein occlusion. Thromb Res 2020; 190:63-68. [PMID: 32311631 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2020.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Data on prevalence, association with vascular risk factors, clinical management and outcome of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) in retinal vein occlusion (RVO) are scarce. METHODS Patients diagnosed with RVO at a tertiary-care hospital, and two additional groups; population-based controls and patients with APS (RVO-APS) were studied. Prevalence, association with vascular risk factors, antiphospholipid antibody profile, clinical management, genetic thrombophilia profile, carotid ultrasound and outcome of RVO-APS patients were assessed and compared with controls. RESULTS Some 331 consecutive patients with RVO and 281 controls were included. Overall, aPLs were more prevalent in RVO-patients than in controls (33, 10% vs. 12, 4.3%; adjusted OR 2.47; 95% CI 1.25-4.88; p = 0.009). Patients with RVO-APS showed a high-risk "aPL profile" (lupus anticoagulant or triple-positive). We did not find any difference regarding classic vascular risk factors, hyperhomocysteinemia, prior vascular events, and carotid plaque, in RVO-patients with or without APS. The phenotype of RVO-APS also differed from APS. Seven patients received anticoagulation and 24 were on low-dose aspirin. After a median follow-up of 62 months, 7 patients suffered a RVO relapse (4 of them had APLs) and no RVO-APS patient had a new thrombotic or vascular event outside the retina. CONCLUSIONS aPLs were more prevalent in RVO-patients than in controls, and in all patients, APS was not associated with any connective-tissue disease. RVO in the setting of APS seems not only related to atherosclerosis, but also to the "aPL profile". In most of our RVO-patients with APS, low-dose aspirin was effective to prevent new or recurrent thrombotic events outside the retinal vessels. In these patients, we suggest that RVO could behave as an organ-specific manifestation of APS.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L Hernández
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain; University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain.
| | - Iria Sanlés
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Rocío Pérez-Montes
- Division of Haematology, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Víctor M Martínez-Taboada
- Division of Rheumatology, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain; University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - José M Olmos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain; University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Zaida Salmón
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Isabel Sierra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Estefanía Escalante
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - José J Napal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
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Casado N, Morante-Zarcero S, Pérez-Quintanilla D, Câmara JS, Sierra I. Two novel strategies in food sample preparation for the analysis of dietary polyphenols: Micro-extraction techniques and new silica-based sorbent materials. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Casado N, Gañán J, Morante-Zarcero S, Sierra I. New Advanced Materials and Sorbent-Based Microextraction Techniques as Strategies in Sample Preparation to Improve the Determination of Natural Toxins in Food Samples. Molecules 2020; 25:E702. [PMID: 32041287 PMCID: PMC7038030 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural toxins are chemical substances that are not toxic to the organisms that produce them, but which can be a potential risk to human health when ingested through food. Thus, it is of high interest to develop advanced analytical methodologies to control the occurrence of these compounds in food products. However, the analysis of food samples is a challenging task because of the high complexity of these matrices, which hinders the extraction and detection of the analytes. Therefore, sample preparation is a crucial step in food analysis to achieve adequate isolation and/or preconcentration of analytes and provide suitable clean-up of matrix interferences prior to instrumental analysis. Current trends in sample preparation involve moving towards "greener" approaches by scaling down analytical operations, miniaturizing the instruments and integrating new advanced materials as sorbents. The combination of these new materials with sorbent-based microextraction technologies enables the development of high-throughput sample preparation methods, which improve conventional extraction and clean-up procedures. This review gives an overview of the most relevant analytical strategies employed for sorbent-based microextraction of natural toxins of exogenous origin from food, as well as the improvements achieved in food sample preparation by the integration of new advanced materials as sorbents in these microextraction techniques, giving some relevant examples from the last ten years. Challenges and expected future trends are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Isabel Sierra
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Technology, E.S.C.E.T, Rey Juan Carlos University, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain; (N.C.); (J.G.); (S.M.-Z.)
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Syrett CM, Sierra I, Beethem ZT, Dubin AH, Anguera MC. Loss of epigenetic modifications on the inactive X chromosome and sex-biased gene expression profiles in B cells from NZB/W F1 mice with lupus-like disease. J Autoimmun 2019; 107:102357. [PMID: 31780316 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.102357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the female-bias in autoimmunity are poorly understood. The contribution of genetic and epigenetic factors from the inactive X chromosome (Xi) are beginning to emerge as critical mediators of autoimmunity in females. Here, we ask how epigenetic features of the Xi change during disease development in B cells from the NZB/W F1 spontaneous mouse model of lupus, which is female-biased. We find that Xist RNA becomes increasingly mislocalized from the Xi with disease onset. While NZB/W F1 naïve B cells have H3K27me3 foci on the Xi, which are missing from healthy C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, these foci are progressively lost in stimulated B cells during disease. Using single-molecule RNA FISH, we show that the X-linked gene Tlr7 is biallelically expressed in ~20% of NZB/W F1 B cells, and that the amount of biallelic expression does not change with disease. We also present sex-specific gene expression profiles for diseased NZB/W F1 B cells, and find female-specific upregulation of 20 genes, including the autoimmunity-related genes Cxcl13, Msr1, Igj, and Prdm1. Together, these studies provide important insight into the loss of epigenetic modifications from the Xi and changes with gene expression in a mouse model of female-biased SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille M Syrett
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Isabel Sierra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zachary T Beethem
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aimee H Dubin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Montserrat C Anguera
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Iribarren AM, Ganduxé XT, Sala M, Lopez-Molina M, Galiano L, Juan C, Sierra I, Castillo A, Qyyum K, Llopis M, Morales-Indiano C. Performance evaluation of the new Beckman Coulter DxH-900 haematology analyzer. Clin Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Sierra I, Anguera MC. Enjoy the silence: X-chromosome inactivation diversity in somatic cells. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2019; 55:26-31. [PMID: 31108425 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The imbalance of sex chromosomes between females (XX) and males (XY) necessitates strict regulation of X-linked gene expression. X-Chromosome Inactivation (XCI) selects one X for transcriptional silencing in the early embryo, generating an epigenetically distinct and transcriptionally silent X that is maintained into adulthood. Some genes on the inactive X escape XCI, and human somatic cells have a greater number of escape genes compared to mice. Advances with single-cell technologies have revealed human-specific escape genes in fibroblasts and immune cells, some of which exhibit cell and tissue specificity. Here, we review recent discoveries of dynamic XCI in female immune cells, which have changed our understanding of XCI maintenance, and discuss how some X-linked genes might become overexpressed in female-biased autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Sierra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA
| | - Montserrat C Anguera
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA.
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Casado N, Perestrelo R, Silva CL, Sierra I, Câmara JS. Comparison of high-throughput microextraction techniques, MEPS and μ-SPEed, for the determination of polyphenols in baby food by ultrahigh pressure liquid chromatography. Food Chem 2019; 292:14-23. [PMID: 31054658 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, two different high-throughput microextraction techniques, microextraction by packed sorbents (MEPS) and micro solid phase extraction (μ-SPEed®), were evaluated and compared, regarding the performance criteria, for the isolation of polyphenols from baby foods prior to their determination by ultrahigh pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC). To achieve the best performance, influential parameters affecting extraction efficiency (including type of sorbent, number of extraction cycles, pH, elution solvent and elution volume) were systematically studied and optimized. To enable an effective comparison, selectivity, linear dynamic range, method detection (LODs) and quantification limits (LOQs), accuracy, precision and extraction yields, were determined and discussed for both techniques. Both methods provided the analytical selectivity required for the analysis of polyphenols in baby foods. However, μ-SPEed® sample treatment in combination with UHPLC-PDA has demonstrated to be more sensitive, selective and efficient than MEPS. Appropriate linearity in solvent and matrix-based calibrations, very low LODs and LOQs, ranging between 1.37 and 13.57 μg kg-1 and 4.57 - 45.23 μg kg-1, respectively, suitable recoveries (from 67 to 97%) and precision (RSD values < 5%) were achieved for the selected analytes by μ-SPEed®/UHPLC-PDA. Finally, the validated methodologies were applied to different commercial baby foods. Gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, ferulic acid, rutin, naringenin and myricetin are the most dominant polyphenols present in the studied baby food samples. The proposed methodology revealed a promising approach to evaluate the nutritional quality of this kind of products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Casado
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Energética, Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Tecnología Mecánica y Química Analítica, E.S.C.E.T, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/ Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Perestrelo
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Catarina L Silva
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Isabel Sierra
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Energética, Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Tecnología Mecánica y Química Analítica, E.S.C.E.T, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/ Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - José S Câmara
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências Exactas e Engenharia da Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal.
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Shastrula PK, Sierra I, Deng Z, Keeney F, Hayden JE, Lieberman PM, Janicki SM. PML is recruited to heterochromatin during S phase and represses DAXX-mediated histone H3.3 chromatin assembly. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.220970. [PMID: 30796101 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.220970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The incorporation of the histone H3 variant, H3.3, into chromatin by the H3.3-specific chaperone DAXX and the ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling factor ATRX is a critical mechanism for silencing repetitive DNA. DAXX and ATRX are also components of promyelocytic nuclear bodies (PML-NBs), which have been identified as sites of H3.3 chromatin assembly. Here, we use a transgene array that can be visualized in single living cells to investigate the mechanisms that recruit PML-NB proteins (i.e. PML, DAXX, ATRX, and SUMO-1, SUMO-2 and SUMO-3) to heterochromatin and their functions in H3.3 chromatin assembly. We show that DAXX and PML are recruited to the array through distinct SUMOylation-dependent mechanisms. Additionally, PML is recruited during S phase and its depletion increases H3.3 deposition. Since this effect is abrogated when PML and DAXX are co-depleted, it is likely that PML represses DAXX-mediated H3.3 chromatin assembly. Taken together, these results suggest that, at heterochromatin, PML-NBs coordinate H3.3 chromatin assembly with DNA replication, which has important implications for understanding how transcriptional silencing is established and maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Krishna Shastrula
- The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, Department of Biological Sciences, 600 South 43rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Isabel Sierra
- The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zhong Deng
- The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Frederick Keeney
- The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - James E Hayden
- The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Paul M Lieberman
- The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Susan M Janicki
- The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Casado N, Morante-Zarcero S, Pérez-Quintanilla D, Câmara JS, Sierra I. Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction of Polyphenols from Juice and Smoothie Samples Using Hybrid Mesostructured Silica Followed by Ultra-high-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Ion-Trap Tandem Mass Spectrometry. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:955-967. [PMID: 30571103 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A wormhole-like mesostructured silica was synthesized and modified with octadecylsilane (C18) groups. The resulting hybrid material (HMS-C18) was characterized and evaluated as sorbent for simultaneous extraction of 20 polyphenols from mixed fruit-vegetable juices and smoothies by dispersive solid-phase extraction (dSPE). The samples were first subjected to solvent extraction followed by dSPE procedure. The extraction step was optimized and combined with a reversed-phase ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography method coupled to ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-IT-MS/MS), which was also optimized. HMS-C18 showed high potential to extract and purify the target analytes, being more effective than commercial C18 amorphous silica. The proposed method was validated for both samples, obtaining average recoveries from 57% to 99% with relative standard deviations lower than 9%. Its applicability in the analysis of commercial mixed fruit-vegetable juices and smoothies revealed mainly contents of rutin, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, caffeic acid, and naringin in the samples analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Casado
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, E.S.C.E.T , Universidad Rey Juan Carlos , C/Tulipán s/n , 28933 Móstoles , Madrid , Spain
| | - Sonia Morante-Zarcero
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, E.S.C.E.T , Universidad Rey Juan Carlos , C/Tulipán s/n , 28933 Móstoles , Madrid , Spain
| | - Damián Pérez-Quintanilla
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, E.S.C.E.T , Universidad Rey Juan Carlos , C/Tulipán s/n , 28933 Móstoles , Madrid , Spain
| | - José S Câmara
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira , Centro de Ciências Exactas e da Engenharia da Universidade da Madeira , Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal , Portugal
- Departamento de Química , Faculdade de Ciências e Engenharia da Universidade da Madeira , Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal , Portugal
| | - Isabel Sierra
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Ambiental, E.S.C.E.T , Universidad Rey Juan Carlos , C/Tulipán s/n , 28933 Móstoles , Madrid , Spain
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Syrett CM, Sindhava V, Sierra I, Dubin AH, Atchison M, Anguera MC. Diversity of Epigenetic Features of the Inactive X-Chromosome in NK Cells, Dendritic Cells, and Macrophages. Front Immunol 2019; 9:3087. [PMID: 30671059 PMCID: PMC6331414 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In females, the long non-coding RNA Xist drives X-chromosome Inactivation (XCI) to equalize X-linked gene dosage between sexes. Unlike other somatic cells, dynamic regulation of Xist RNA and heterochromatin marks on the inactive X (Xi) in female lymphocytes results in biallelic expression of some X-linked genes, including Tlr7, Cxcr3, and Cd40l, implicated in sex-biased autoimmune diseases. We now find that while Xist RNA is dispersed across the nucleus in NK cells and dendritic cells (DCs) and partially co-localizes with H3K27me3 in bone marrow-derived macrophages, it is virtually absent in plasmacytoid DCs (p-DCs). Moreover, H3K27me3 foci are present in only 10–20% of cells and we observed biallelic expression of Tlr7 in p-DCs from wildtype mice and NZB/W F1 mice. Unlike in humans, mouse p-DCs do not exhibit sex differences with interferon alpha production, and interferon signature gene expression in p-DCs is similar between males and females. Despite the absence of Xist RNA from the Xi, female p-DCs maintain dosage compensation of six immunity-related X-linked genes. Thus, immune cells use diverse mechanisms to maintain XCI which could contribute to sex-linked autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille M Syrett
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Vishal Sindhava
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Isabel Sierra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Aimee H Dubin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Michael Atchison
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Montserrat C Anguera
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Valimaña-Traverso J, Morante-Zarcero S, Pérez-Quintanilla D, García MÁ, Sierra I, Marina ML. Cationic amine-bridged periodic mesoporous organosilica materials for off-line solid-phase extraction of phenoxy acid herbicides from water samples prior to their simultaneous enantiomeric determination by capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1566:146-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Syrett CM, Sierra I, Berry CL, Beiting D, Anguera MC. Sex-Specific Gene Expression Differences Are Evident in Human Embryonic Stem Cells and During In Vitro Differentiation of Human Placental Progenitor Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:1360-1375. [PMID: 29993333 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The placenta is a short-lived tissue required for embryonic growth and survival, and it is fetal derived. Fetal sex influences gestation, and many sexual dimorphic diseases have origins in utero. There is sex-biased gene expression in third-trimester human placentas, yet the origin of sex-specific expression is unknown. Here, we used an in vitro differentiation model to convert human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into trophoblastic progenitor cells of the first-trimester placenta, which will eventually become mature extravillous trophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts. We observed significant sex differences in transcriptomic profiles of hESCs and trophoblastic progenitors, and also with the differentiation process itself. Male cells had higher dosage of X/Y gene pairs relative to female samples, supporting functions for Y-linked genes beyond spermatogenesis in the hESCs and in the early placenta. Female-specific differentiation altered the expression of several thousand genes compared with male cells, and female cells specifically upregulated numerous autosomal genes with known roles in trophoblast function. Sex-biased upregulation of cellular pathways during trophoblast differentiation was also evident. This study is the first to identify sex differences in trophoblastic progenitor cells of the first-trimester human placenta, and reveal early origins for sexual dimorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille M Syrett
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Isabel Sierra
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Corbett L Berry
- 2 Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Daniel Beiting
- 2 Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Montserrat C Anguera
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Casado N, Perestrelo R, Silva CL, Sierra I, Câmara JS. An improved and miniaturized analytical strategy based on μ-QuEChERS for isolation of polyphenols. A powerful approach for quality control of baby foods. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Silva M, Morante-Zarcero S, Pérez-Quintanilla D, Marina ML, Sierra I. Preconcentration of β-blockers using functionalized ordered mesoporous silica as sorbent for SPE and their determination in waters by chiral CE. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:1905-1912. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Silva
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Energética; Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Tecnología Mecánica y Química Analítica, ESCET; URJC; Móstoles Spain
| | - Sonia Morante-Zarcero
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Energética; Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Tecnología Mecánica y Química Analítica, ESCET; URJC; Móstoles Spain
| | - Damián Pérez-Quintanilla
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Energética; Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Tecnología Mecánica y Química Analítica, ESCET; URJC; Móstoles Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Biología, Ciencias Ambientales y Química; Universidad de Alcalá; Alcalá de Henares Spain
| | - Isabel Sierra
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Energética; Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Tecnología Mecánica y Química Analítica, ESCET; URJC; Móstoles Spain
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Casado N, Pérez-Quintanilla D, Morante-Zarcero S, Sierra I. Evaluation of bi-functionalized mesoporous silicas as reversed phase/cation-exchange mixed-mode sorbents for multi-residue solid phase extraction of veterinary drug residues in meat samples. Talanta 2017; 165:223-230. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Silva M, Pérez-Quintanilla D, Morante-Zarcero S, Sierra I, Marina ML, Aturki Z, Fanali S. Ordered mesoporous silica functionalized with β-cyclodextrin derivative for stereoisomer separation of flavanones and flavanone glycosides by nano-liquid chromatography and capillary electrochromatography. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1490:166-176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Casado N, Pérez-Quintanilla D, Morante-Zarcero S, Sierra I. Current development and applications of ordered mesoporous silicas and other sol–gel silica-based materials in food sample preparation for xenobiotics analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Sierra I, Diaz-Algorri Y, Maldonado V, Alicea K, Rosado K, Cruz-Correa M. Abstract C06: Implementation of Universal Colorectal Cancer Screening for Lynch Syndrome: A Population-Based Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7755.disp16-c06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading cause of cancer death in Puerto Rico and the third one among US Hispanics. Up to 2-4% of colorectal cancer cases are caused by germline mutation in at least one of these four DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes: MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2. Mutations in these genes cause Lynch Syndrome (LS), the most common hereditary form of CRC. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) tests for the presence of MMR proteins and microsatellite instability (MSI) analysis is often performed on the tumor of CRC cases to screen for LS and as markers for prognosis. Universal screening of CRC for LS has been recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) since 2014.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of positive LS-screening test as determined by absence of MMR proteins in CRC since the implementation of universal tumor screening for LS in the largest private pathology laboratory in Puerto Rico.
Methods: We collected the data from all CRC cases performed at Hato Rey Pathology Laboratories from September 2014 to December 2015. Pathologies performed where collected from 11 hospitals that cover the island of Puerto Rico. The data collected included results of IHC and MSI analysis as well as tumor location, gender, age, date reported and hospital.
Results: A total of 317 CRC tumors were evaluated for LS-screening; with a mean age of 66 years, and 54.3% were males. IHC analysis was performed in 288 cases and of these, 11.1% demonstrated absence of one or more of the MMR proteins, compatible with a positive screening test for LS. There were 21 cases that had only MSI analysis performed and they were all reported as microsatellite stable.
Conclusion: This is the first evaluation of a systematic program for Universal CRC screening for LS in Puerto Rico. Our data is consistent with results from other studies of US-Hispanics where approximately 10% of individuals of Hispanic origin with CRC have MSI. The observed prevalence of absence of MMR-proteins in our study supports universal screening of LS among Hispanics in accordance with NCCN guidelines.
Citation Format: Isabel Sierra, Yaritza Diaz-Algorri, Valerie Maldonado, Kimberly Alicea, Kathia Rosado, Marcia Cruz-Correa. Implementation of Universal Colorectal Cancer Screening for Lynch Syndrome: A Population-Based Study. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Ninth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2016 Sep 25-28; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(2 Suppl):Abstract nr C06.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Sierra
- 1University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR,
| | | | | | - Kimberly Alicea
- 3University of Puerto Rico Rio Piedras Campus, Rio Piedras, PR,
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Sierra I, Hernández C. DEVELOPMENT OF A RAPID PROCEDURE TO ANALYSE Pu, Am AND 90Sr IN EMERGENCY URINE BIOASSAY IN CIEMAT BIOELIMINATION LABORATORY: METHOD VALIDATION BY EMERGENCY BIOASSAY INTERCOMPARISON EXERCISES. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2016; 170:237-241. [PMID: 26743257 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncv519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
After a radiological or nuclear incident, it is necessary to give a prompt response and to know the number of persons exposed to internal contamination, to evaluate the contamination levels in each person and even and to identify the radionuclides involved. In vitro laboratories routine monitoring measurements employed to quantify (90)Sr and actinides in urine require radiochemical separation and long counting time, which implies a minimum of 1 or 2 weeks to obtain the results, respectively. In this work, rapid radiochemical separation method applied directly to urine samples is presented. It is based on minimal sample preparation, without co-precipitation phase, using extraction resin columns and vacuum box technology. Pu isotopes and (241)Am are isolated, electrodeposited and measured by alpha spectrometry, whereas (90)Sr is measured by liquid scintillation counting. Finally, results of the participation in European Radiation Dosimetry Group intercomparison on Emergency Bioassay exercise and Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz exercise validate the accuracy of this procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Sierra
- Radiation Dosimetry Unit, CIEMAT, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, Avda. Complutense 40, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - C Hernández
- Radiation Dosimetry Unit, CIEMAT, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, Avda. Complutense 40, Madrid 28040, Spain
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Lopez MA, Martin R, Hernandez C, Navarro JF, Navarro T, Perez B, Sierra I. THE CHALLENGE OF CIEMAT INTERNAL DOSIMETRY SERVICE FOR ACCREDITATION ACCORDING TO ISO/IEC 17025 STANDARD, FOR IN VIVO AND IN VITRO MONITORING AND DOSE ASSESSMENT OF INTERNAL EXPOSURES. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2016; 170:31-34. [PMID: 26433182 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncv387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The accreditation of an Internal Dosimetry Service (IDS) according to ISO/IEC 17025 Standard is a challenge. The aim of this process is to guarantee the technical competence for the monitoring of radionuclides incorporated in the body and for the evaluation of the associated committed effective dose E(50). This publication describes the main accreditation issues addressed by CIEMAT IDS regarding all the procedures involving good practice in internal dosimetry, focussing in the difficulties to ensure the traceability in the whole process, the appropriate calculation of detection limit of measurement techniques, the validation of methods (monitoring and dose assessments), the description of all the uncertainty sources and the interpretation of monitoring data to evaluate the intake and the committed effective dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Lopez
- Radiation Dosimetry Unit, CIEMAT, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R Martin
- Radiation Dosimetry Unit, CIEMAT, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - C Hernandez
- Radiation Dosimetry Unit, CIEMAT, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J F Navarro
- Radiation Dosimetry Unit, CIEMAT, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - T Navarro
- Radiation Dosimetry Unit, CIEMAT, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - B Perez
- Radiation Dosimetry Unit, CIEMAT, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - I Sierra
- Radiation Dosimetry Unit, CIEMAT, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Hernández C, Sierra I. RETROSPECTIVE METHOD VALIDATION AND UNCERTAINTY ESTIMATION FOR ACTINIDES DETERMINATION IN EXCRETA BY ALPHA SPECTROMETRY. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2016; 170:39-44. [PMID: 26424133 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncv418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Two essential technical requirements of ISO 17025 guide for accreditation of testing and calibration laboratories are the validation of methods and the estimation of all sources of uncertainty that may affect the analytical result. Bioelimination Laboratory from Radiation Dosimetry Service of CIEMAT (Spain) uses alpha spectrometry to quantify alpha emitters (Pu, Am, Th, U and Cm isotopes) in urine and faecal samples from workers exposed to internal radiation. Therefore and as a step previous to achieving the ISO 17025 accreditation, the laboratory has performed retrospective studies based on the obtained results in the past few years to validate the analytical method. Uncertainty estimation was done identifying and quantifying all the contributions, and finally the overall combined standard uncertainty was calculated.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hernández
- Bioelimination Laboratory, Radiation Dosimetry Service, CIEMAT, Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - I Sierra
- Bioelimination Laboratory, Radiation Dosimetry Service, CIEMAT, Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Sierra I, Marina ML, Pérez-Quintanilla D, Morante-Zarcero S, Silva M. Approaches for enantioselective resolution of pharmaceuticals by miniaturised separation techniques with new chiral phases based on nanoparticles and monolithis. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:2538-2553. [PMID: 27434636 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This article discusses new developments in the preparation of nanoparticles and monoliths with emphasis upon their application as the stationary and pseudo-stationary phases for miniaturised liquid phase separation techniques, which have occurred in the last 10 years (from 2006 to the actuality). References included in this review represent current trends and state of the art in the application of these materials to the analysis, by EKC, CEC and miniaturised chromatography, of chiral compounds with environmental interest such as pharmaceuticals. Due to their extraordinary properties, columns prepared with these new chiral stationary or pseudo-stationary phases, based on materials such as gold nanoparticles, metal-organic frameworks, ordered mesoporous silicas, carbonaceous materials, polymeric-based and silica-based monoliths or molecularly imprinted materials, can usually show some improvements in the separation selectivity, column efficiency and chemical stability in comparison with conventional chiral columns available commercially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Sierra
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Energética, Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Tecnología Mecánica y Química Analítica, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/ Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Damián Pérez-Quintanilla
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Energética, Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Tecnología Mecánica y Química Analítica, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/ Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Morante-Zarcero
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Energética, Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Tecnología Mecánica y Química Analítica, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/ Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariana Silva
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Energética, Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Tecnología Mecánica y Química Analítica, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/ Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
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Casado N, Morante-Zarcero S, Pérez-Quintanilla D, Sierra I. Application of a hybrid ordered mesoporous silica as sorbent for solid-phase multi-residue extraction of veterinary drugs in meat by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1459:24-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.06.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Pérez-Quintanilla D, Sánchez A, Sierra I. Preparation of hybrid organic-inorganic mesoporous silicas applied to mercury removal from aqueous media: Influence of the synthesis route on adsorption capacity and efficiency. J Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 472:126-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Alvarado Vasquez E, Gomez-Espi M, Alvarez A, Calin A, Muñoz M, Blanco J, Serrano F, Gonzalez-San Segundo C, Martinez C, Santos M, Guerrero L, Davo A, Sierra I, Ayala R, Sendon R, Lopez-Bote M, Lozano M, Calvo F. EP-1479: Integration of a minituarized linear accelerator in an 20 year IOERT expert institution. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)32729-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Newhart A, Powers SL, Shastrula PK, Sierra I, Joo LM, Hayden JE, Cohen AR, Janicki SM. RNase P protein subunit Rpp29 represses histone H3.3 nucleosome deposition. Mol Biol Cell 2016; 27:1154-69. [PMID: 26842893 PMCID: PMC4814222 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-02-0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
RNase P protein subunits Rpp29, POP1, and Rpp21 interact with histone H3.3 upstream of nucleosome deposition, suggesting that a variant of this enzyme regulates H3.3 function. Rpp29 knockdown increases H3.3 chromatin incorporation, suggesting that it represses H3.3 nucleosome deposition, which has important implications for epigenetic regulation. In mammals, histone H3.3 is a critical regulator of transcription state change and heritability at both euchromatin and heterochromatin. The H3.3-specific chaperone, DAXX, together with the chromatin-remodeling factor, ATRX, regulates H3.3 deposition and transcriptional silencing at repetitive DNA, including pericentromeres and telomeres. However, the events that precede H3.3 nucleosome incorporation have not been fully elucidated. We previously showed that the DAXX-ATRX-H3.3 pathway regulates a multi-copy array of an inducible transgene that can be visualized in single living cells. When this pathway is impaired, the array can be robustly activated. H3.3 is strongly recruited to the site during activation where it accumulates in a complex with transcribed sense and antisense RNA, which is distinct from the DNA/chromatin. This suggests that transcriptional events regulate H3.3 recruited to its incorporation sites. Here we report that the nucleolar RNA proteins Rpp29, fibrillarin, and RPL23a are also components of this H3.3/RNA complex. Rpp29 is a protein subunit of RNase P. Of the other subunits, POP1 and Rpp21 are similarly recruited suggesting that a variant of RNase P regulates H3.3 chromatin assembly. Rpp29 knockdown increases H3.3 chromatin incorporation, which suggests that Rpp29 represses H3.3 nucleosome deposition, a finding with implications for epigenetic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyshia Newhart
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Sara Lawrence Powers
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Prashanth Krishna Shastrula
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104 Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Isabel Sierra
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Lucy M Joo
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - James E Hayden
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Andrew R Cohen
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Susan M Janicki
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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