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Santana AM, Comas A, Mohammad-Pour GS, Uribe-Romo FJ, Campiglia AD. Chromatographic and spectroscopic analysis of Dibenzo[b,l]Fluoranthene and its determination in SRM 1597a by laser-excited time-resolved Shpol'skii spectroscopy. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1279:341835. [PMID: 37827650 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with molecular mass 302 Da are the most investigated PAHs within the high molecular weight PAHs class. This PAH class contributes to a significant portion of the mutagenic and/or carcinogenic response associated to the PAH fraction present in environmental and combustion-related samples. Several reasons prevent the routine analysis of 302 Da PAHs in environmental samples, including large number of possible isomers, limited number of commercially available reference standards, and low concentration levels. RESULTS These studies search for a newly synthetized dibenzo-fluoranthene of molecular mass 302 Da, namely dibenzo[b,l]fluoranthene, in a standard reference material (SRM 1597a) from the National Institute of Standards and Technology. The eluting behavior of dibenzo[b,l]fluoranthene is investigated under reversed-phase liquid chromatographic conditions for its determination via absorption and fluorescence detection. Vibrationally resolved spectra and fluorescence lifetimes recorded from octane matrices at 77 K and 4.2 K allow for its qualitative and quantitative analysis at the parts-per-trillion concentration levels. Its unambiguous determination is then reported for the first time in the SRM 1597a. SIGNIFICANCE AND NOVELTY Of the 89 possible 302 Da PAH isomers, only 23 isomers have been identified in SRMs and/or environmental samples. The determination of dibenzo[b,l]fluoranthene in the SRM 1597a takes a step forward to fulfilling this gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony M Santana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd., Physical Science Room 255, Orlando, Fl, 32816-8005, United States
| | - Ahmed Comas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd., Physical Science Room 255, Orlando, Fl, 32816-8005, United States
| | - Gavin S Mohammad-Pour
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd., Physical Science Room 255, Orlando, Fl, 32816-8005, United States
| | - Fernando J Uribe-Romo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd., Physical Science Room 255, Orlando, Fl, 32816-8005, United States
| | - Andres D Campiglia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd., Physical Science Room 255, Orlando, Fl, 32816-8005, United States.
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Barbosa F, Rocha BA, Souza MCO, Bocato MZ, Azevedo LF, Adeyemi JA, Santana A, Campiglia AD. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): Updated aspects of their determination, kinetics in the human body, and toxicity. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2023; 26:28-65. [PMID: 36617662 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2022.2164390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are legacy pollutants of considerable public health concern. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons arise from natural and anthropogenic sources and are ubiquitously present in the environment. Several PAHs are highly toxic to humans with associated carcinogenic and mutagenic properties. Further, more severe harmful effects on human- and environmental health have been attributed to the presence of high molecular weight (HMW) PAHs, that is PAHs with molecular mass greater than 300 Da. However, more research has been conducted using low molecular weight (LMW) PAHs). In addition, no HMW PAHs are on the priority pollutants list of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), which is limited to only 16 PAHs. However, limited analytical methodologies for separating and determining HMW PAHs and their potential isomers and lack of readily available commercial standards make research with these compounds challenging. Since most of the PAH kinetic data originate from animal studies, our understanding of the effects of PAHs on humans is still minimal. In addition, current knowledge of toxic effects after exposure to PAHs may be underrepresented since most investigations focused on exposure to a single PAH. Currently, information on PAH mixtures is limited. Thus, this review aims to critically assess the current knowledge of PAH chemical properties, their kinetic disposition, and toxicity to humans. Further, future research needs to improve and provide the missing information and minimize PAH exposure to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Barbosa
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno A Rocha
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marília C O Souza
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Z Bocato
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lara F Azevedo
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joseph A Adeyemi
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Anthony Santana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Andres D Campiglia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
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Wise SA, Rodgers RP, Reddy CM, Nelson RK, Kujawinski EB, Wade TL, Campiglia AD, Liu Z. Advances in Chemical Analysis of Oil Spills Since the Deepwater Horizon Disaster. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022; 53:1638-1697. [PMID: 35254870 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2039093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Analytical techniques for chemical analysis of oil, oil photochemical and biological transformation products, and dispersants and their biodegradation products benefited significantly from research following the 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) disaster. Crude oil and weathered-oil matrix reference materials were developed based on the Macondo well oil and characterized for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, hopanes, and steranes for use to assure and improve the quality of analytical measurements in oil spill research. Advanced gas chromatography (GC) techniques such as comprehensive two-dimensional GC (GC × GC), pyrolysis GC with mass spectrometry (MS), and GC with tandem MS (GC-MS/MS) provide a greater understanding at the molecular level of composition and complexity of oil and weathering changes. The capabilities of high-resolution MS (HRMS) were utilized to extend the analytical characterization window beyond conventional GC-based methods to include polar and high molecular mass components (>400 Da) and to provide new opportunities for discovery, characterization, and investigation of photooxidation and biotransformation products. Novel separation approaches to reduce the complexity of the oil and weathered oil prior to high-resolution MS and advanced fluorescence spectrometry have increased the information available on spilled oil and transformation products. HRMS methods were developed to achieve the required precision and sensitivity for detection of dispersants and to provide molecular-level characterization of the complex surfactants. Overall, research funding following the DWH oil spill significantly advanced and expanded the use of analytical techniques for chemical analysis to support petroleum and dispersant characterization and investigations of fate and effects of not only the DWH oil spill but future spills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Wise
- Scientist Emeritus, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Ryan P Rodgers
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Christopher M Reddy
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | - Robert K Nelson
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth B Kujawinski
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | - Terry L Wade
- Geochemical and Environmental Research Group, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Andres D Campiglia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Zhanfei Liu
- Marine Science Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Port Aransas, TX, USA
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Santana A, Comas A, Wise S, Wilson WB, And, Campiglia AD. Instrumental improvements for the trace analysis of structural isomers of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with molecular mass 302 Da. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1100:163-173. [PMID: 31987137 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.10.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are some of the most common environmental pollutants encountered worldwide. Eco-toxicological studies attribute a significant portion of the biological activity of PAH contaminated samples to the presence of high molecular weight PAHs (HMW-PAHs), i.e. PAHs with molecular mass (MM) greater than 300 Da. The research presented here focuses on the analysis of PAH isomers of MM 302 Da. This is not a trivial task. There are 23 isomers with MM 302 Da available to commercial and academic researchers. Many of them are difficult to separate in the chromatographic column and have virtually identical fragmentation patterns. The selectivity of HPLC absorption and fluorescence detectors is modest for resolving co-eluting isomers. Previous work in our lab demonstrated the potential of laser excited time-resolved Shpol'skii spectroscopy (LETRSS) for the analysis of 302 Da isomers in HPLC fractions. The main limitation of the technique was instrumental and due to the narrow range of excitation wavelengths of the tunable dye laser used for sample excitation. Herein, we remove this limitation with an optical parametric oscillator (OPO)-based wavelength tuning laser that covers the whole excitation range of 302 Da isomers. It is possible now to excite each isomer at its excitation wavelength for maximum fluorescence emission and reach limits of detection at the parts-per-trillion level (pg.mL-1). The excitation bandwidth of the OPO laser (0.2 nm) is a good match for the narrow excitation spectra of 302 Da isomers in n-octane. This feature, associated to unique vibrational fluorescence profiles and lifetime decays, allows for the unambiguous identification of co-eluting isomers in RPLC fractions. The same is true for their quantitative analysis in coal tar samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Santana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Physical Sciences Room 255, Orlando, FL, 32816-2366, United States
| | - Ahmed Comas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Physical Sciences Room 255, Orlando, FL, 32816-2366, United States
| | - Stacy Wise
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Physical Sciences Room 255, Orlando, FL, 32816-2366, United States
| | - Walter B Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Physical Sciences Room 255, Orlando, FL, 32816-2366, United States
| | - And
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Physical Sciences Room 255, Orlando, FL, 32816-2366, United States
| | - Andres D Campiglia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Physical Sciences Room 255, Orlando, FL, 32816-2366, United States.
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Identification of pyrene in complex sample matrix using time-resolved fluorescence measurement coupled with PARAFAC analysis. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.111991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Hayes HV, Wilson WB, Santana AM, Campiglia AD, Sander LC, Wise SA. Determination of molecular mass 302 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Standard Reference Material 1597a by reversed-phase liquid chromatography and constant energy synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Yang Z, Liu T, Wang Y, Yuan Y, Shang F. Comparison of several third-order correction algorithms applied to fluorescence excitation-emission-sample data array: Interference-free determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water pollution. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 205:381-390. [PMID: 30041124 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Interference-free determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water pollution is proposed based on third-order correction algorithms with quadrilinear component modeling applied to the constructed four way fluorescence excitation-emission-sample data array with higher accuracy and better predictive ability than second-order (three-dimension) correction. Alternating weighted residue constraint quadrilinear decomposition (AWRCQLD), quadrilinear parallel factor analysis (4-PARAFAC), alternate penalty quadrilinear decomposition (APQLD) and alternate penalty trilinear decomposition (APTLD) are applied to acenaphthene (ANA), naphthalene (NAP) and fluorene (FLU) respectively. Fulvic acid affects PAHs determination seriously in real-world situation, so it is simulated as an interfering agent. Excitation-emission fluorescence matrixes (EEMs) of PAHs are measured at different volumes of fulvic acid simulated different interference conditions, to construct a four-way data array. After the four-way spectra data is analyzed by AWRCQLD, 4-PARAFAC, and APQLD, three-way EEMs analyzed by APTLD, results show that, on the one hand, PAHs can be measured more accurately with four-way data combined with third-order calibration than lower-order. On the other hand, AWRCQLD algorithm can reflect the superiority of third-order advantage better with higher recovery rate and smaller root mean square error, than other third-order or second-order correction algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Yang
- Measurement Technology and Instrument Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Measurement Technology and Instrument Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; Vocational and Technical College of Liuzhou, Liuzhou 545000, China.
| | - Yutian Wang
- Measurement Technology and Instrument Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yuan
- Measurement Technology and Instrument Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Fengkai Shang
- Measurement Technology and Instrument Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
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Liu T, Zhang L, Wang S, Cui Y, Wang Y, Liu L, Yang Z. Four-dimensional data coupled to alternating weighted residue constraint quadrilinear decomposition model applied to environmental analysis: Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 193:507-517. [PMID: 29304485 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Qualitative and quantitative analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was carried out by three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy combining with Alternating Weighted Residue Constraint Quadrilinear Decomposition (AWRCQLD). The experimental subjects were acenaphthene (ANA) and naphthalene (NAP). Firstly, in order to solve the redundant information of the three-dimensional fluorescence spectral data, the wavelet transform was used to compress data in preprocessing. Then, the four-dimensional data was constructed by using the excitation-emission fluorescence spectra of different concentration PAHs. The sample data was obtained from three solvents that are methanol, ethanol and Ultra-pure water. The four-dimensional spectral data was analyzed by AWRCQLD, then the recovery rate of PAHs was obtained from the three solvents and compared respectively. On one hand, the results showed that PAHs can be measured more accurately by the high-order data, and the recovery rate was higher. On the other hand, the results presented that AWRCQLD can better reflect the superiority of four-dimensional algorithm than the second-order calibration and other third-order calibration algorithms. The recovery rate of ANA was 96.5%~103.3% and the root mean square error of prediction was 0.04μgL-1. The recovery rate of NAP was 96.7%~115.7% and the root mean square error of prediction was 0.06μgL-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liu
- Measurement Technology and Instrument Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University of China, Hebei Street West438#, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Measurement Technology and Instrument Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University of China, Hebei Street West438#, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China; Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China
| | - Shutao Wang
- Measurement Technology and Instrument Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University of China, Hebei Street West438#, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China
| | - Yaoyao Cui
- Measurement Technology and Instrument Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University of China, Hebei Street West438#, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China.
| | - Yutian Wang
- Measurement Technology and Instrument Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University of China, Hebei Street West438#, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China
| | - Lingfei Liu
- Measurement Technology and Instrument Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University of China, Hebei Street West438#, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- Measurement Technology and Instrument Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University of China, Hebei Street West438#, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China
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Hayes HV, Wilson WB, Sander LC, Wise SA, Campiglia AD. Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with molecular mass 302 in Standard Reference Material 1597a by reversed-phase liquid chromatography and stop-flow fluorescence detection. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2018; 10:10.1039/C8AY00760H. [PMID: 31093300 PMCID: PMC6512832 DOI: 10.1039/c8ay00760h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The identification of isomeric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in complex samples via reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) with fluorescence detection (FL) is normally based on matching the chromatographic retention times of suspected peaks of interest with reference standards. Since no spectral information is obtained during the chromatographic run, the accurate identification of co-eluting PAHs with similar chromatographic behaviors requires confirmation with additional chromatographic methods. This is particularly true for the analysis of PAH isomers with the relative molecular mass (MM, g/mol) 302. The work presented here explores the information content of room-temperature fluorescence spectra for the analysis of PAHs with MM 302 in the Standard Reference Material (SRM) 1597a. Fluorescence spectra were recorded under stop-flow conditions with the aid of a commercial HPLC system. Of the 21 MM 302 PAHs known to be present in the SRM 1597a, 20 were tentatively identified based on retention times and the presence of 18 was confirmed based on excitation and emission spectral profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh V. Hayes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816
| | - Walter B. Wilson
- Chemical Sciences Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| | - Lane C. Sander
- Chemical Sciences Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| | - Stephen A. Wise
- Chemical Sciences Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| | - Andres D. Campiglia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816
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Determination of high-molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in high performance liquid chromatography fractions of coal tar standard reference material 1597a via solid-phase nanoextraction and laser-excited time-resolved Shpol'skii spectroscopy. Talanta 2016; 148:444-53. [PMID: 26653471 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This article presents an alternative approach for the analysis of high molecular weight - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HMW-PAHs) with molecular mass 302 Da in complex environmental samples. This is not a trivial task due to the large number of molecular mass 302 Da isomers with very similar chromatographic elution times and similar, possibly even virtually identical, mass fragmentation patterns. The method presented here is based on 4.2K laser-excited time-resolved Shpol'skii spectroscopy, a high resolution spectroscopic technique with the appropriate selectivity for the unambiguous determination of PAHs with the same molecular mass. The potential of this approach is demonstrated here with the analysis of a coal tar standard reference material (SRM) 1597a. Liquid chromatography fractions were submitted to the spectroscopic analysis of five targeted isomers, namely dibenzo[a,l]pyrene, dibenzo[a,e]pyrene, dibenzo[a,i]pyrene, naphtho[2,3-a]pyrene and dibenzo[a,h]pyrene. Prior to analyte determination, the liquid chromatographic fractions were pre-concentrated with gold nanoparticles. Complete analysis was possible with microliters of chromatographic fractions and organic solvents. The limits of detection varied from 0.05 (dibenzo[a,l]pyrene) to 0.24 µg L(-1) (dibenzo[a,e]pyrene). The excellent analytical figures of merit associated to its non-destructive nature, which provides ample opportunity for further analysis with other instrumental methods, makes this approach an attractive alternative for the determination of PAH isomers in complex environmental samples.
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Wise SA, Sander LC, Schantz MM. Analytical Methods for Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) — A Historical Perspective on the 16 U.S. EPA Priority Pollutant PAHs. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2014.970291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A. Wise
- Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Lane C. Sander
- Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Michele M. Schantz
- Chemical Sciences Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
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Moore AFT, Goicoechea HC, Barbosa F, Campiglia AD. Parallel Factor Analysis of 4.2 K Excitation–Emission Matrices for the Direct Determination of Dibenzopyrene Isomers in Coal-Tar Samples with a Cryogenic Fiber-Optic Probe Coupled to a Commercial Spectrofluorimeter. Anal Chem 2015; 87:5232-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony F. T. Moore
- University of Central Florida, Department of Chemistry, 4111 Libra Drive, Physical Sciences Building Room 255, Orlando, Florida 32816-2366, United States
| | - Hector C. Goicoechea
- Laboratorio
de Desarrollo Analítico y Quimiometría (LADAQ), Cátedra
de Química Analítica I, Facultad de Bioquímica
y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Litoral, Santa Fe S3000ZAA, Argentina
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Laboratório
de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Faculdade de Ciências
Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, Monte Alegre, 1404903, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Andres D. Campiglia
- University of Central Florida, Department of Chemistry, 4111 Libra Drive, Physical Sciences Building Room 255, Orlando, Florida 32816-2366, United States
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Water analysis of the sixteen environmental protection agency—polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons via solid-phase nanoextraction-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1345:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Moore AFT, Barbosa F, Campiglia AD. Combining cryogenic fiber optic probes with commercial spectrofluorimeters for the synchronous fluorescence Shpol'skii spectroscopy of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 68:14-25. [PMID: 24405949 DOI: 10.1366/13-07124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Cryogenic fiber optic probes are combined for the first time with a commercial spectrofluorometer for Shpol'skii spectroscopy measurements at liquid nitrogen (77 K) and liquid helium (4.2 K) temperatures. Accurate and reproducible acquisition of fluorescence spectra and signal intensities is demonstrated with three well known Shpol'skii systems, namely, anthracene/heptane, pyrene/hexane, and benzo[a]pyrene/octane. The ability to adjust the excitation and emission bandpass of the spectrofluorimeter to reach both site-resolution and analytically valuable signal-to-noise ratios was illustrated with benzo[a]pyrene in n-octane. The analytical potential of 4.2 K synchronous fluorescence Shpol'skii spectroscopy for the analysis of high molecular weight-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was then explored for the first time. The judicious optimization of wavelength offsets permitted the successful determination of dibenzo[a,l]pyrene, dibenzo[a,e]pyrene, dibenzo[a,h]pyrene, dibenzo[a,i]pyrene, and naphtho[2,3-a]pyrene without previous chromatographic separation from a soil extract with complex matrix composition. The simplicity of the experimental procedure, the competitive analytical figures of merit, and the selectivity of analysis turn 4.2 K synchronous fluorescence Shpol'skii spectroscopy into a valuable alternative for screening isomers of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony F T Moore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd., Physical Sciences, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
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Recent developments and future trends in solid phase microextraction techniques towards green analytical chemistry. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1321:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Pre-concentration of water samples with BEA zeolite for the direct determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with laser-excited time-resolved Shpol'skii spectroscopy. Microchem J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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