1
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Microsampling and enantioselective liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry for chiral bioanalysis of novel psychoactive substances. Talanta 2023; 257:124332. [PMID: 36773512 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the development of efficient enantioselective HPLC methods for the analysis of five benzofuran-substituted phenethylamines, two substituted tryptamines, and three substituted cathinones is described. For the first time, reversed-phase (eluents made up with acidic water-methanol solutions) and polar-ionic (eluent made up with an acetonitrile-methanol solution incorporating both an acidic and a basic additive) conditions fully compatible with mass spectrometry (MS) detectors were applied with a chiral stationary phase (CSP) incorporating the (+)-(18-crown-6)-tetracarboxylic acid chiral selector. Enantioresolution was achieved for nine compounds with α and RS factors up to 1.32 and 5.12, respectively. Circular dichroism (CD) detection, CD spectroscopy in stopped-flow mode and quantum mechanical (QM) calculations were successfully employed to investigate the absolute stereochemistry of mephedrone, methylone and butylone and allowed to establish a (R)<(S) enantiomeric elution order for these compounds on the chosen CSP. Whole blood miniaturized samples collected by means of volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) technology and fortified with the target analytes were extracted following an optimized protocol and effectively analysed by means of an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-MS system. By this way a proof-of-concept procedure was applied, demonstrating the suitability of the method for quali-quantitative enantioselective assessment of the selected psychoactive substances in advanced biological microsamples. VAMS microsamplers including a polypropylene handle topped with a small tip of a polymeric porous material were used and allowed to volumetrically collect small aliquots of whole blood (10 μL) independently from its density. Highly appreciable volumetric accuracy (bias, in the -8.7-8.1% range) and precision (% CV, in the 2.8-5.9% range) turned out.
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2
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Bitchagno GTM, Nchiozem-Ngnitedem VA, Melchert D, Fobofou SA. Demystifying racemic natural products in the homochiral world. Nat Rev Chem 2022; 6:806-822. [PMID: 37118098 PMCID: PMC9562063 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-022-00431-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Natural products possess structural complexity, diversity and chirality with attractive functions and biological activities that have significantly impacted drug discovery initiatives. Chiral natural products are abundant in nature but rarely occur as racemates. The occurrence of natural products as racemates is very intriguing from a biosynthetic point of view; as enzymes are chiral molecules, enzymatic reactions generating natural products should be stereospecific and lead to single-enantiomer products. Despite several reports in the literature describing racemic mixtures of stereoisomers isolated from natural sources, there has not been a comprehensive review of these intriguing racemic natural products. The discovery of many more natural racemates and their potential enzymatic sources in recent years allows us to describe the distribution and chemical diversity of this ‘class of natural products’ to enrich discussions on biosynthesis. In this Review, we describe the chemical classes, occurrence and distribution of pairs of enantiomers in nature and provide insights about recent advances in analytical methods used for their characterization. Special emphasis is on the biosynthesis, including plausible enzymatic and non-enzymatic formation of natural racemates, and their pharmacological significance. ![]()
Racemic natural products display a wealth of bioactivities and chemical diversity. Their derivation from intriguing racemization processes, through enzymatic or non-enzymatic pathways, are discussed here, as well as their pharmacological properties and the analytical techniques developed for their identification, resolution and characterization.
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Talibov VO, Fabini E, FitzGerald EA, Tedesco D, Cederfeldt D, Talu MJ, Rachman MM, Mihalic F, Manoni E, Naldi M, Sanese P, Forte G, Lepore Signorile M, Barril X, Simone C, Bartolini M, Dobritzsch D, Del Rio A, Danielson UH. Discovery of an Allosteric Ligand Binding Site in SMYD3 Lysine Methyltransferase. Chembiochem 2021; 22:1597-1608. [PMID: 33400854 PMCID: PMC8248052 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
SMYD3 is a multifunctional epigenetic enzyme with lysine methyltransferase activity and various interaction partners. It is implicated in the pathophysiology of cancers but with an unclear mechanism. To discover tool compounds for clarifying its biochemistry and potential as a therapeutic target, a set of drug-like compounds was screened in a biosensor-based competition assay. Diperodon was identified as an allosteric ligand; its R and S enantiomers were isolated, and their affinities to SMYD3 were determined (KD =42 and 84 μM, respectively). Co-crystallization revealed that both enantiomers bind to a previously unidentified allosteric site in the C-terminal protein binding domain, consistent with its weak inhibitory effect. No competition between diperodon and HSP90 (a known SMYD3 interaction partner) was observed although SMYD3-HSP90 binding was confirmed (KD =13 μM). Diperodon clearly represents a novel starting point for the design of tool compounds interacting with a druggable allosteric site, suitable for the exploration of noncatalytic SMYD3 functions and therapeutics with new mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir O. Talibov
- Department of Chemistry–BMCUppsala UniversityHusargatan 3754 24UppsalaSweden
| | - Edoardo Fabini
- Department of Pharmacy and BiotechnologyAlma Mater Studiorum University of BolognaVia Belmeloro 640126BolognaItaly
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and PhotoreactivityNational Research CouncilVia P. Gobetti 10140129BolognaItaly
| | - Edward A. FitzGerald
- Department of Chemistry–BMCUppsala UniversityHusargatan 3754 24UppsalaSweden
- Beactica Therapeutics ABVirdings allé 2754 50UppsalaSweden
| | - Daniele Tedesco
- Department of Pharmacy and BiotechnologyAlma Mater Studiorum University of BolognaVia Belmeloro 640126BolognaItaly
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and PhotoreactivityNational Research CouncilVia P. Gobetti 10140129BolognaItaly
| | - Daniela Cederfeldt
- Department of Chemistry–BMCUppsala UniversityHusargatan 3754 24UppsalaSweden
| | - Martin J. Talu
- Department of Chemistry–BMCUppsala UniversityHusargatan 3754 24UppsalaSweden
| | - Moira M. Rachman
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) and Facultat de FarmaciaUniversitat de BarcelonaAv. Joan XXIII 27–3108028BarcelonaSpain
| | - Filip Mihalic
- Department of Chemistry–BMCUppsala UniversityHusargatan 3754 24UppsalaSweden
| | - Elisabetta Manoni
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and PhotoreactivityNational Research CouncilVia P. Gobetti 10140129BolognaItaly
| | - Marina Naldi
- Department of Pharmacy and BiotechnologyAlma Mater Studiorum University of BolognaVia Belmeloro 640126BolognaItaly
- Centre for Applied Biomedical ResearchAlma Mater Studiorum University of BolognaVia Zamboni, 33Bologna40126Italy
| | - Paola Sanese
- Medical Genetics, National Institute for GastroenterologyIRCCS ‘S. de Bellis' Research Hospital70013BariItaly
| | - Giovanna Forte
- Medical Genetics, National Institute for GastroenterologyIRCCS ‘S. de Bellis' Research Hospital70013BariItaly
| | - Martina Lepore Signorile
- Medical Genetics, National Institute for GastroenterologyIRCCS ‘S. de Bellis' Research Hospital70013BariItaly
| | - Xavier Barril
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) and Facultat de FarmaciaUniversitat de BarcelonaAv. Joan XXIII 27–3108028BarcelonaSpain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA)Passeig Lluis Companys 2308010BarcelonaSpain
| | - Cristiano Simone
- Medical Genetics, National Institute for GastroenterologyIRCCS ‘S. de Bellis' Research Hospital70013BariItaly
- Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO)University of Bari Aldo Moro70124BariItaly
| | - Manuela Bartolini
- Department of Pharmacy and BiotechnologyAlma Mater Studiorum University of BolognaVia Belmeloro 640126BolognaItaly
| | - Doreen Dobritzsch
- Department of Chemistry–BMCUppsala UniversityHusargatan 3754 24UppsalaSweden
| | - Alberto Del Rio
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and PhotoreactivityNational Research CouncilVia P. Gobetti 10140129BolognaItaly
- Innovamol Consulting SrlVia Giardini 470/H41124ModenaItaly
| | - U. Helena Danielson
- Department of Chemistry–BMCUppsala UniversityHusargatan 3754 24UppsalaSweden
- Science for Life LaboratoryUppsala UniversityUppsala752 37Sweden
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Karoń K, Łapkowski M, Dobrowolski JC. ECD spectroelectrochemistry: A review. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 250:119349. [PMID: 33429130 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectroscopy is probably the most important chiraloptical method, and the role of chirality in contemporary chemistry, pharmacy, and material science constantly increases. On the other hand, the electrochemical methods are also very sensitive tools for studying multivarious redox processes. Nevertheless, the first ECD spectroelectrochemical (SEC) study was only published by Daub, Salbeck and Aurbach in 1988, and since then, the ECD SEC method has been mentioned in only thirty papers. By the summer of 2020, the ECD SEC studies were mainly focused around molecular systems for organic, and marginally, inorganic chiroptical switching studies of biochemical redox reactions. The review provides more details about the ECD SEC studies carried out so far. At the end, we suggest some future applications for the ECD spectroelectrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Karoń
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, 9 Strzody Street, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Mieczysław Łapkowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, 9 Strzody Street, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Science, Curie Sklodowska 34 Street, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Jan Cz Dobrowolski
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 16 Dorodna Street, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland; National Medicines Institute, 30/34 Chelmska-Street, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland.
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Lopes DT, Hoye TR, Alvarenga ES. Characterization of stereoisomeric 5-(2-nitro-1-phenylethyl)furan-2(5H)-ones by computation of 1 H and 13 C NMR chemical shifts and electronic circular dichroism spectra. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2021; 59:43-51. [PMID: 32621355 PMCID: PMC7985851 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, we describe the preparation of two diastereomers from the enantioselective Michael addition of furan-2(5H)-one to (E)-(2-nitrovinyl)benzene catalyzed by a dinuclear Zn-complex. The relative configurations of the diastereomeric products were assigned by comparing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experimental chemical shift data with those computed by density functional theory (DFT) methods. Corrected mean absolute error (CMAE) and CP3 analyses were used to compare the data sets. The absolute configuration of each diastereomer was initially assigned by analysis of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data, which was consistent with that of the known X-ray crystallographic structure of the product of a related reaction, namely, (R)-5-((R)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-nitroethyl)furan-2(5H)-one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayane T. Lopes
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36571-900, Brazil
| | - Thomas R. Hoye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Elson S. Alvarenga
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36571-900, Brazil
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Cunha FC, de Holanda RC, Secchi AR, de Souza MB, Barreto AG. Simultaneous absorption of UV-vis and circular dichroism to measure enantiomeric concentrations of praziquantel under nonlinear conditions. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 241:118645. [PMID: 32652288 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Beer-Lambert-Bouguer law is for a limiting case and, therefore, it is not useful to describe the relationship between absorption signal and enantiomer concentration in a stream when there are nonlinear phenomena present. In this work, the Chiral Detector (CD-2095 JASCO) equipment was used to measure simultaneously the UV-Vis and circular dichroism (CD) signals of a stream with different compositions of praziquantel enantiomers. The tested models were calibrated (parameter estimation) and validated using the Leave-One-Out Cross Validation (LOOCV) method. Both UV-vis and CD signals were absorbed differently in mixtures in comparison to pure solutions, indicating a nonlinear relationship between the absorbed signal and the enantiomer concentration in a mixture stream. Empirical mathematical relationships were tested for each signal (UV-vis and CD) and the pair of equations was evaluated using the Mean Square Error (MSE) metric for each enantiomer concentration (MSEL and MSED) and the pair of equations with the smallest MSEt (=MSEL + MSED) metric was chosen. Confidence interval analysis helped to find even simpler equations in comparison to the chosen ones. Higher nonlinearity was observed for a mixture with low L-PZQ concentration. The developed methodology allowed the choice of an empiric model to give good predictions in a wide range of concentration, what is of utmost importance for monitoring and automatic control purposes, for instance.
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Affiliation(s)
- F C Cunha
- PEQ/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Tecnologia, bloco G, sala 115, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro CEP 21.941-972, Brazil.
| | - R C de Holanda
- DEQ/EQ, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Tecnologia, bloco E, sala 209, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro CEP 21.941-972, Brazil
| | - A R Secchi
- PEQ/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Tecnologia, bloco G, sala 115, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro CEP 21.941-972, Brazil; DEQ/EQ, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Tecnologia, bloco E, sala 209, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro CEP 21.941-972, Brazil
| | - M B de Souza
- PEQ/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Tecnologia, bloco G, sala 115, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro CEP 21.941-972, Brazil; DEQ/EQ, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Tecnologia, bloco E, sala 209, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro CEP 21.941-972, Brazil
| | - A G Barreto
- DEQ/EQ, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Tecnologia, bloco E, sala 209, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro CEP 21.941-972, Brazil
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Maia AS, Paíga P, Delerue-Matos C, Castro PML, Tiritan ME. Quantification of fluoroquinolones in wastewaters by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 259:113927. [PMID: 32023795 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.113927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics are the most consumed therapeutic classes worldwide and are released to the environment in their original form as well as potentially active metabolites and/or degradation products. Consequences of the occurrence of these compounds in the environment are primarily related to bacterial resistance development. This work presents a validated analytical method based on solid phase extraction (SPE) using HLB cartridges, followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for quantification of seven different fluoroquinolone antibiotics, namely ciprofloxacin (CPF), enrofloxacin (ENR), lomefloxacin (LOM), norfloxacin (NOR), ofloxacin (OFL), prulifloxacin (PLF) and moxifloxacin (MOX) and its application to detect the target compounds in influents and effluents of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). Linearity was established through calibration curves in solvent and matrix match using internal calibration method in the range of 50-1300 ng L-1 and all the fluoroquinolones showed good linear fit (r2 ≥ 0.991). Accuracy ranged between 80.3 and 92.9%, precision was comprised between 7.2 and 14.6%, and 10.7 and 18.1% for intra- and inter-batch determinations, respectively. Method detection and quantification limits ranged from 6.7 to 59.0 ng L-1 and 22.3-196.6 ng L-1, respectively. Influents and effluents of fifteen WWTPs of North of Portugal were analyzed. OFL was the fluoroquinolone found at the highest concentration, up to 4587.0 ng L-1 and 987.9 ng L-1, in influent and effluent, respectively. NOR and PLF were not detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra S Maia
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal; Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Paíga
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula M L Castro
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal; Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
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8
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Lafhal S, Bombarda I, Dupuy N, Jean M, Ruiz K, Vanloot P, Vanthuyne N. Chiroptical fingerprints to characterize lavender and lavandin essential oils. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1610:460568. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Papp LA, Foroughbakhshfasaei M, Fiser B, Horváth P, Kiss E, Sekkoum K, Gyéresi Á, Hancu G, Noszál B, Szabó ZI, Tóth G. Reversed-phase HPLC enantioseparation of pantoprazole using a teicoplanin aglycone stationary phase-Determination of the enantiomer elution order using HPLC-CD analyses. Chirality 2019; 32:158-167. [PMID: 31795019 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A direct HPLC method was developed for the enantioseparation of pantoprazole using macrocyclic glycopeptide-based chiral stationary phases, along with various methods to determine the elution order without isolation of the individual enantiomers. In the preliminary screening, four macrocyclic glycopeptide-based chiral stationary phases containing vancomycin (Chirobiotic V), ristocetin A (Chirobiotic R), teicoplanin (Chirobiotic T), and teicoplanin-aglycone (Chirobiotic TAG) were screened in polar organic and reversed-phase mode. Best results were achieved by using Chirobiotic TAG column and a methanol-water mixture as mobile phase. Further method optimization was performed using a face-centered central composite design to achieve the highest chiral resolution. Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 1.91 ± 0.03) were as follows: Chirobiotic TAG stationary phase, thermostated at 10°C, mobile phase consisting of methanol/20mM ammonium acetate 60:40 v/v, and 0.6 mL/min flow rate. Enantiomer elution order was determined using HPLC hyphenated with circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy detection. The online CD signals of the separated pantoprazole enantiomers at selected wavelengths were compared with the structurally analogous esomeprazole enantiomer. For further verification, the inline rapid, multiscan CD signals were compared with the quantum chemically calculated CD spectra. Furthermore, docking calculations were used to investigate the enantiorecognition at molecular level. The molecular docking shows that the R-enantiomer binds stronger to the chiral selector than its antipode, which is in accordance with the determined elution order on the column-S- followed by the R-isomer. Thus, combined methods, HPLC-CD and theoretical calculations, are highly efficient in predicting the elution order of enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lajos Attila Papp
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Tehnology, Târgu Mureş, Romania
| | | | - Béla Fiser
- Institue of Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Miskolc, Miskolc, Hungary.,Ferenc Rákóczi II. Transcarpathian Hungarian Institute, Beregszász, Transcarpathia, Ukraine
| | - Péter Horváth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Kiss
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Khaled Sekkoum
- Bioactive Molecules and Chiral Separation Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Béchar, Béchar, Algeria
| | - Árpád Gyéresi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Tehnology, Târgu Mureş, Romania
| | - Gabriel Hancu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Tehnology, Târgu Mureş, Romania
| | - Béla Noszál
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán-István Szabó
- Department of Drugs Industry and Pharmaceutical Management, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Gergő Tóth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Liu M, Chen L, Tian T, Zhang Z, Li X. Identification and Quantitation of Enantiomers by Capillary Electrophoresis and Circular Dichroism Independent of Single Enantiomer Standard. Anal Chem 2019; 91:13803-13809. [PMID: 31591882 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Identification and quantitation of enantiomers is a critical and challenging step in the process of chiral capillary electrophoresis (CE) analysis, especially when the optically pure enantiomers are expensive or commercially unavailable. Herein, a method of CE in combination with circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy for the identification of enantiomeric peak independent of single enantiomer standard was proposed. By comparing the theoretical CD spectrum of the single enantiomer calculated by time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) with the experimental CD spectrum of the enantiomeric mixture, the configuration of the dominant enantiomer in the nonracemic mixture was determined. Considering that the dominant enantiomer showed bigger peak area on the CE electrophoretogram, the enantiomeric peak was easily identified. Three kinds of enantiomers including seven chiral compounds (i.e., tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine, Boc-valine, Boc-leucine, ibuprofen, and naproxen) were used to evaluate the reliability of the method. The concentration of the single enantiomer in the mixture can be further accurately quantified based on the total concentration of the mixture and the peak area ratio of a couple of enantiomers, and the accuracy was assessed by taking ibuprofen as an example. The developed CE-CD method provides an alternative tool for the analysis of nonracemic mixture with good ECD signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Liu
- School of Chemical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Lixia Chen
- School of Chemical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Tingting Tian
- School of Chemical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- School of Chemical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Xiangjun Li
- School of Chemical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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11
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Tang Q, Zhao L, Xie J, Liu K, Liu W, Zhou S. Deviations from Beer's law in electronic absorption and circular dichroism: Detection for enantiomeric excess analysis. Chirality 2019; 31:492-501. [PMID: 31111586 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The electronic absorption (UV) to circular dichroism (CD) signal ratio can be used for enantiomeric excess (ee) analysis within linear range. However, CD detection often requires a high sample concentration where deviations from Beer's law may occur. Individual enantiomers of four chiral compounds were separated from commercial racemates by semipreparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with chiral columns. They were used to trace possible deviations in both UV and CD detection on achiral HPLC with a photodiode array detector and a CD detector. The CD/UV ratios for samples with the same ee value decreased by up to 7.8 to 52% when the injection volume increased, indicating that the linear standard curve of ee versus CD/UV is only valid within a narrow range. To extend the sample amount to a wider range, a data-processing method was developed based on two second-order polynomial functions, which were constructed to fit the relationship between the intensities of the UV and CD signals for two enantiomers. Moreover, a more simplified method based on a third-order polynomial function was established to calculate the ee values. The variations between the predicted and experimental ee values were within ±0.08 for both methods. To our knowledge, this is the first study that the deviations from Beer's law are considered in both UV and CD detection for ee analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaozhi Tang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingqian Xie
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, W. M. Keck Laboratories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
| | - Weiping Liu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Zhou
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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12
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Menna M, Imperatore C, Mangoni A, Della Sala G, Taglialatela-Scafati O. Challenges in the configuration assignment of natural products. A case-selective perspective. Nat Prod Rep 2019; 36:476-489. [DOI: 10.1039/c8np00053k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
An overview by a case study approach on the currently available methods for the configurational analysis of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marialuisa Menna
- Department of Pharmacy
- University of Naples Federico II
- 80131 Napoli
- Italy
| | | | - Alfonso Mangoni
- Department of Pharmacy
- University of Naples Federico II
- 80131 Napoli
- Italy
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13
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Ruiz-Rodriguez L, Aguilar A, Garcia Sanchez F, Diaz AN. Determination of Aristocularine Enantiomers by Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction and Chiral High-performance Liquid Chromatography. ANAL LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2016.1241801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Ruiz-Rodriguez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - A. Aguilar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - F. Garcia Sanchez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - A. N. Diaz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
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14
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Kirkpatrick D, Yang J, Trehy M. Determination of the enantiomeric purity of epinephrine by HPLC with circular dichroism detection. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2017; 2017:1-8. [PMID: 28845100 PMCID: PMC5568804 DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2017.1333962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Several hundred drug substances approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration are chiral molecules. For the enantiomeric purity assessment, current practice is to develop separation techniques using chiral columns or mobile phase modifiers to separate enantiomers before detection. An alternative approach is to use currently accepted HPLC assay methods and use chiral-specific detectors to confirm whether the correct enantiomer is present. In this paper, adding a circular dichroism (CD) detector to an achiral HPLC method from the US Pharmacopeia (USP) is shown to be amenable for the determination of the enantiomeric purity of epinephrine, a substance used to treat anaphylaxis. This HPLC-UV-CD approach was able to detect the inactive D-(+) enantiomer at 1% of the total epinephrine composition. The linearity, accuracy, and precision of HPLC-UV-CD were evaluated and compared to analyses using a chiral HPLC method. Additionally, an epinephrine drug product was analyzed for assay (concentration) and enantiomeric purity. The results from achiral and chiral methods were identical within the experimental error. Overall, achiral chromatography performed using a USP method with CD detection may serve as a general means of determining chiral drug enantiomer purity and avoids the need for the development of additional chiral-specific methods for each individual drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Kirkpatrick
- United States Food and Drug Administration, CDER, Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jingyue Yang
- United States Food and Drug Administration, CDER, Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Michael Trehy
- United States Food and Drug Administration, CDER, Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
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15
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Zhang X, Wang M, Li L, Yin D. A high-performance liquid chromatography-electronic circular dichroism online method for assessing the absolute enantiomeric excess and conversion ratio of asymmetric reactions. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43278. [PMID: 28252028 PMCID: PMC5333115 DOI: 10.1038/srep43278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric reactions often need to be evaluated during the synthesis of chiral compounds. However, traditional evaluation methods require the isolation of the individual enantiomer, which is tedious and time-consuming. Thus, it is desirable to develop simple, practical online detection methods. We developed a method based on high-performance liquid chromatography-electronic circular dichroism (HPLC-ECD) that simultaneously analyzes the material conversion ratio and absolute optical purity of each enantiomer. In particular, only a reverse-phase C18 column instead of a chiral column is required in our method because the ECD measurement provides a g-factor that describes the ratio of each enantiomer in the mixtures. We used our method to analyze the asymmetric hydrosilylation of β-enamino esters, and we discussed the advantage, feasibility, and effectiveness of this new methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances, Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College &Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances, Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College &Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances, Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College &Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dali Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances, Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College &Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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16
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Concilio G, Talotta C, Gaeta C, Neri P, Monaco G, Zanasi R, Tedesco D, Bertucci C. Absolute Configuration Assignment of Chiral Resorcin[4]arenes from ECD Spectra. J Org Chem 2016; 82:202-210. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Concilio
- Department
of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano 84084 SA, Italy
| | - Carmen Talotta
- Department
of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano 84084 SA, Italy
| | - Carmine Gaeta
- Department
of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano 84084 SA, Italy
| | - Placido Neri
- Department
of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano 84084 SA, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Monaco
- Department
of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano 84084 SA, Italy
| | - Riccardo Zanasi
- Department
of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano 84084 SA, Italy
| | - Daniele Tedesco
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro,
6, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Carlo Bertucci
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro,
6, Bologna 40126, Italy
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17
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Kurka O, Kučera L, Bednář P. Analytical and semipreparative chiral separation ofcis-itraconazole on cellulose stationary phases by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:2736-45. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Kurka
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Palacký University; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Kučera
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Palacký University; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Petr Bednář
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Palacký University; Olomouc Czech Republic
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18
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Tedesco D, Fabini E, Barbakadze V, Merlani M, Zanasi R, Chankvetadze B, Bertucci C. Stopped-Flow Enantioselective HPLC-CD Analysis and TD-DFT Stereochemical Characterization of Methyl Trans-3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)Glycidate. Chirality 2015; 27:914-8. [PMID: 26448200 DOI: 10.1002/chir.22539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Caffeic acid-derived polyethers are a class of natural products isolated from the root extracts of comfrey and bugloss, which are endowed with intriguing pharmacological properties as anticancer agents. The synthesis of new polyether derivatives is achieved through ring-opening polymerization of chiral 2,3-disubstituted oxiranes, whose absolute configurations define the overall stereochemistry of the produced polymer. The absolute stereochemistry of one of these building blocks, methyl trans-3-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)glycidate (3), was therefore characterized by the combination of enantioselective high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectroscopy, and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations. Initial efforts aiming at the isolation of enantiomers by means of a standard preparative HPLC protocol followed by offline ECD analysis failed due to unexpected degradation of the samples after collection. The stopped-flow HPLC-CD approach, by which the ECD spectra of enantiomers are measured online with the HPLC system, was applied to overcome this issue and allowed a fast, reliable, and chemical-saving analysis, while avoiding the risks of sample degradation during the collection and processing of enantiomeric fractions. Subsequent TD-DFT calculations identified ( as the first eluted enantiomeric fraction on the Lux Cellulose-2 column, therefore achieving a full stereochemical characterization of the chiral oxirane under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Tedesco
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Edoardo Fabini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vakhtang Barbakadze
- Kutateladze Institute of Pharmacochemistry, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Maia Merlani
- Kutateladze Institute of Pharmacochemistry, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Riccardo Zanasi
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Bezhan Chankvetadze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Carlo Bertucci
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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19
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Batista Jr. JM, Blanch EW, Bolzani VDS. Recent advances in the use of vibrational chiroptical spectroscopic methods for stereochemical characterization of natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2015; 32:1280-302. [DOI: 10.1039/c5np00027k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive look into application of vibrational optical activity methods for conformational and configurational assignments in natural product molecules over the last 15 years is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- João M. Batista Jr.
- Department of Chemistry
- Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar
- São Carlos
- Brazil
| | - Ewan W. Blanch
- School of Applied Sciences
- RMIT University
- Melbourne
- Australia
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20
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Determination of levamisole and tetramisole in seized cocaine samples by enantioselective high-performance liquid chromatography and circular dichroism detection. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1363:150-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.07.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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Meador DS, Spivak DA. Absolute Configuration Determination Using Enantiomeric Pairs of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers. Org Lett 2014; 16:1402-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol500173y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle S. Meador
- Department
of Chemistry, 232 Choppin
Hall, Louisiana State University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - David A. Spivak
- Department
of Chemistry, 232 Choppin
Hall, Louisiana State University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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22
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Determination of dextromethorphan and levomethorphan in seized heroin samples by enantioselective HPLC and electronic CD. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2013; 81-82:76-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 03/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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23
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Vanthuyne N, Roussel C. Chiroptical Detectors for the Study of Unusual Phenomena in Chiral Chromatography. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2013; 340:107-51. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2013_441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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24
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