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Achleitner L, Winter M, Aguilar PP, Lingg N, Jungbauer A, Klausberger M, Satzer P. Robust and resource-efficient production process suitable for large-scale production of baculovirus through high cell density seed train and optimized infection strategy. N Biotechnol 2024; 80:46-55. [PMID: 38302001 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was the development of a scalable production process for high titer (108 pfu/mL and above) recombinant baculovirus stocks with low cell line-derived impurities for the production of virus-like particles (VLP). To achieve this, we developed a high cell density (HCD) culture for low footprint cell proliferation, compared different infection strategies at multiplicity of infection (MOI) 0.05 and 0.005, different infection strategies and validated generally applicable harvest criteria of cell viability ≤ 80%. We also investigated online measurable parameters to observe the baculovirus production. The infection strategy employing a very low virus inoculum of MOI 0.005 and a 1:2 dilution with fresh medium one day after infection proved to be the most resource efficient. There, we achieved higher cell-specific titers and lower host cell protein concentrations at harvest than other tested infection strategies with the same MOI, while saving half of the virus stock for infecting the culture compared to other tested infection strategies. HCD culture by daily medium exchange was confirmed as suitable for seed train propagation, infection, and baculovirus production, equally efficient as the conventionally propagated seed train. Online measurable parameters for cell concentration and average cell diameter were found to be effective in monitoring the production process. The study concluded that a more efficient VLP production process in large scale can be achieved using this virus stock production strategy, which could also be extended to produce other proteins or extracellular vesicles with the baculovirus expression system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Achleitner
- acib - Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Winter
- acib - Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Patricia Pereira Aguilar
- acib - Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nico Lingg
- acib - Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alois Jungbauer
- acib - Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Miriam Klausberger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Satzer
- acib - Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
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Kilgore R, Minzoni A, Shastry S, Smith W, Barbieri E, Wu Y, LeBarre JP, Chu W, O'Brien J, Menegatti S. The downstream bioprocess toolbox for therapeutic viral vectors. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1709:464337. [PMID: 37722177 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Viral vectors are poised to acquire a prominent position in modern medicine and biotechnology owing to their role as delivery agents for gene therapies, oncolytic agents, vaccine platforms, and a gateway to engineer cell therapies as well as plants and animals for sustainable agriculture. The success of viral vectors will critically depend on the availability of flexible and affordable biomanufacturing strategies that can meet the growing demand by clinics and biotech companies worldwide. In this context, a key role will be played by downstream process technology: while initially adapted from protein purification media, the purification toolbox for viral vectors is currently undergoing a rapid expansion to fit the unique biomolecular characteristics of these products. Innovation efforts are articulated on two fronts, namely (i) the discovery of affinity ligands that target adeno-associated virus, lentivirus, adenovirus, etc.; (ii) the development of adsorbents with innovative morphologies, such as membranes and 3D printed monoliths, that fit the size of viral vectors. Complementing these efforts are the design of novel process layouts that capitalize on novel ligands and adsorbents to ensure high yield and purity of the product while safeguarding its therapeutic efficacy and safety; and a growing panel of analytical methods that monitor the complex array of critical quality attributes of viral vectors and correlate them to the purification strategies. To help explore this complex and evolving environment, this study presents a comprehensive overview of the downstream bioprocess toolbox for viral vectors established in the last decade, and discusses present efforts and future directions contributing to the success of this promising class of biological medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Kilgore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States.
| | - Arianna Minzoni
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Shriarjun Shastry
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States; Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center (BTEC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Will Smith
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Eduardo Barbieri
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Yuxuan Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Jacob P LeBarre
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Wenning Chu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Juliana O'Brien
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Stefano Menegatti
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States; Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center (BTEC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States; North Carolina Viral Vector Initiative in Research and Learning, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
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3
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Lappöhn CA, Maerz L, Stei R, Weber LG, Wolff MW. Optimization and validation of analytical affinity chromatography for the in-process monitoring and quantification of peptides containing a C-tag. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1229:123899. [PMID: 37783047 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides and proteins (AMPs) are promising alternatives to conventional antibiotics for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. The production of recombinant AMPs is facilitated by platform technologies such as the C-tag, a sequence of four C-terminal amino acids that allows immunoaffinity capture and purification. However, the detection and quantification of such products throughout the manufacturing process is a significant challenge. We therefore used a design of experiments approach to optimize a novel high-throughput analytical immunoaffinity chromatography method for the accurate quantification of AMPs containing a C-tag, resulting in minimal analyte carryover (98.8 ± 0.1 % product elution). We then validated the method in accordance with International Conference on Harmonisation guideline Q2(R2). Validation confirmed that the method achieves high specificity, linearity, accuracy, and precision. We implemented in-process control and quantification throughout the manufacturing process, from cell lysis to the final purified product. We found that the lysate and acidic samples (pH < 2) can lead to deviations. However, following sample pretreatment, C-tag quantification reduced the error to ≤ 4 %, which is potentially superior to current non-specific quantification methods such as UV absorbance and colorimetry. Implementing this method for in-process control and quantification throughout the manufacturing process achieves the reliable assessment of product quantity and quality. This method also offers improvements over the product-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay currently used for C-tagged products because it has a higher precision, accuracy and throughput, with a measurement time of 2.5 min per sample. Our analytical affinity chromatography method is therefore a valuable tool for the quantification of AMPs as part of a novel platform technology approach for C-tagged products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin A Lappöhn
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen (THM), Wiesenstr. 14, 35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - Lea Maerz
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen (THM), Wiesenstr. 14, 35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - Robin Stei
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen (THM), Wiesenstr. 14, 35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - Linus G Weber
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen (THM), Wiesenstr. 14, 35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - Michael W Wolff
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen (THM), Wiesenstr. 14, 35390 Giessen, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
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4
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Mayer V, Frank AC, Preinsperger S, Csar P, Steppert P, Jungbauer A, Pereira Aguilar P. Removal of chromatin by salt-tolerant endonucleases for production of recombinant measles virus. Biotechnol Prog 2023; 39:e3342. [PMID: 36974026 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Host cell DNA is a critical impurity in downstream processing of enveloped viruses. Especially, DNA in the form of chromatin is often neglected. Endonuclease treatment is an almost mandatory step in manufacturing of viral vaccines. In order to find the optimal performer, four different endonucleases, two of them salt tolerant, were evaluated in downstream processing of recombinant measles virus. Endonuclease treatment was performed under optimal temperature conditions after clarification and before the purification by flow-through chromatography with a core shell chromatography medium: Capto™ Core 700. Virus infectivity was measured by TCID50. DNA and histone presence in process and purified samples was determined using PicoGreen™ assay and Western blot analysis using an anti-histone antibody, respectively. All tested endonucleases allowed the reduction of DNA content improving product purity. The salt-tolerant endonucleases SAN and M-SAN were more efficient in the removal of chromatin compared with the non-salt-tolerant endonucleases Benzonase® and DENARASE®. Removal of chromatin using M-SAN was also possible without the addition of extra salt to the cell culture supernatant. The combination of the endonuclease treatment, using salt-tolerant endonucleases with flow-through chromatography, using core-shell particles, resulted in high purity and purification efficiency. This strategy has all features for a platform downstream process of recombinant measles virus and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Mayer
- acib - Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna-Carina Frank
- acib - Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Shirin Preinsperger
- acib - Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Csar
- Themis Bioscience GmbH (A Subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc, Kenilworth, NJ, USA), Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Steppert
- Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alois Jungbauer
- acib - Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patricia Pereira Aguilar
- acib - Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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5
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A scalable, integrated downstream process for production of a recombinant measles virus-vectored vaccine. Vaccine 2022; 40:1323-1333. [PMID: 35094870 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Purification of very large and complex, enveloped viruses, such as measles virus is very challenging, it must be performed in a closed system because the final product cannot be sterile filtered and often loss of virus titer and poor product purity has been observed. We developed a purification process where the clarified and endonuclease treated culture supernatant is loaded on a restricted access chromatography medium where small impurities are bound and the virus is collected in the flow-through, which is then concentrated, and buffer exchanged by ultra/diafiltration. Up to 98.5% of host cell proteins could be captured by direct loading of clarified and endonuclease treated cell culture supernatant. Reproducible process performance and scalability of the chromatography step were demonstrated from small to pilot scale, including loading volumes from 50 mL up to 9 L. A 10-fold virus concentration was achieved by the ultrafiltration using a 100 kDa flat-sheet membrane. The order of individual process steps had a large impact on the virus infectivity and total process yields. The developed process maintained virus infectivity and is twice as fast as the traditional process train, where concentration is performed before loading on the chromatography column. Capturing impurities by the restricted access medium makes it a platform purification process with a high flexibility, which can be easily and quickly adapted to other vectors based on the measles virus vector platform.
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Highly Efficient Purification of Recombinant VSV-∆G-Spike Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 by Flow-Through Chromatography. BIOTECH 2021; 10:biotech10040022. [PMID: 35822796 PMCID: PMC9245476 DOI: 10.3390/biotech10040022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study reports a highly efficient, rapid one-step purification process for the production of the recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-based vaccine, rVSV-∆G-spike (rVSV-S), recently developed by the Israel Institute for Biological Research (IIBR) for the prevention of COVID-19. Several purification strategies are evaluated using a variety of chromatography methods, including membrane adsorbers and packed-bed ion-exchange chromatography. Cell harvest is initially treated with endonuclease, clarified, and further concentrated by ultrafiltration before chromatography purification. The use of anion-exchange chromatography in all forms results in strong binding of the virus to the media, necessitating a high salt concentration for elution. The large virus and spike protein binds very strongly to the high surface area of the membrane adsorbents, resulting in poor virus recovery (<15%), while the use of packed-bed chromatography, where the surface area is smaller, achieves better recovery (up to 33%). Finally, a highly efficient chromatography purification process with CaptoTM Core 700 resin, which does not require binding and the elution of the virus, is described. rVSV-S cannot enter the inner pores of the resin and is collected in the flow-through eluent. Purification of the rVSV-S virus with CaptoTM Core 700 resulted in viral infectivity above 85% for this step, with the efficient removal of host cell proteins, consistent with regulatory requirements. Similar results were obtained without an initial ultrafiltration step.
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7
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Surface-initiated ARGET ATRP of poly(glycidyl methacrylate) from macroporous hydrogels via oil-in-water high internal phase emulsion templates for specific capture of Enterovirus 71. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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8
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Junter GA, Lebrun L. Polysaccharide-based chromatographic adsorbents for virus purification and viral clearance. J Pharm Anal 2020; 10:291-312. [PMID: 32292625 PMCID: PMC7104128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses still pose a significant threat to human and animal health worldwide. In the fight against viral infections, high-purity viral stocks are needed for manufacture of safer vaccines. It is also a priority to ensure the viral safety of biopharmaceuticals such as blood products. Chromatography techniques are widely implemented at both academic and industrial levels in the purification of viral particles, whole viruses and virus-like particles to remove viral contaminants from biopharmaceutical products. This paper focuses on polysaccharide adsorbents, particulate resins and membrane adsorbers, used in virus purification/removal chromatography processes. Different chromatographic modes are surveyed, with particular attention to ion exchange and affinity/pseudo-affinity adsorbents among which commercially available agarose-based resins (Sepharose®) and cellulose-based membrane adsorbers (Sartobind®) occupy a dominant position. Mainly built on the development of new ligands coupled to conventional agarose/cellulose matrices, the development perspectives of polysaccharide-based chromatography media in this antiviral area are stressed in the conclusive part.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy-Alain Junter
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, PBS, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Laurent Lebrun
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, PBS, 76000, Rouen, France
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Pereira Aguilar P, Reiter K, Wetter V, Steppert P, Maresch D, Ling WL, Satzer P, Jungbauer A. Capture and purification of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 virus-like particles: Convective media vs porous beads. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1627:461378. [PMID: 32823092 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Downstream processing (DSP) of large bionanoparticles is still a challenge. The present study aims to systematically compare some of the most commonly used DSP strategies for capture and purification of enveloped viruses and virus-like particles (eVLPs) by using the same staring material and analytical tools. As a model, Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) gag VLPs produced in CHO cells were used. Four different DSP strategies were tested. An anion-exchange monolith and a membrane adsorber, for direct capture and purification of eVLPs, and a polymer-grafted anion-exchange resin and a heparin-affinity resin for eVLP purification after a first flow-through step to remove small impurities. All tested strategies were suitable for capture and purification of eVLPs. The performance of the different strategies was evaluated regarding its binding capacity, ability to separate different particle populations and product purity. The highest binding capacity regarding total particles was obtained using the anion exchange membrane adsorber (5.3 × 1012 part/mL membrane), however this method did not allow the separation of different particle populations. Despite having a lower binding capacity (1.5 × 1011 part/mL column) and requiring a pre-processing step with flow-through chromatography, Heparin-affinity chromatography showed the best performance regarding separation of different particle populations, allowing not only the separation of HIV-1 gag VLPs from host cell derived bionanoparticles but also from chromatin. This work additionally shows the importance of thorough sample characterization combining several biochemical and biophysical methods in eVLP DSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Pereira Aguilar
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katrin Reiter
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Viktoria Wetter
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Steppert
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Maresch
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wai Li Ling
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Peter Satzer
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Alois Jungbauer
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
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Loewe D, Dieken H, Grein TA, Weidner T, Salzig D, Czermak P. Opportunities to debottleneck the downstream processing of the oncolytic measles virus. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 40:247-264. [PMID: 31918573 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2019.1709794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (including measles virus) offer an alternative approach to reduce the high mortality rate of late-stage cancer. Several measles virus strains infect and lyse cancer cells efficiently, but the broad application of this therapeutic concept is hindered by the large number of infectious particles required (108-1012 TCID50 per dose). The manufacturing process must, therefore, achieve high titers of oncolytic measles virus (OMV) during upstream production and ensure that the virus product is not damaged during purification by applying appropriate downstream processing (DSP) unit operations. DSP is currently a production bottleneck because there are no specific platforms for OMV. Infectious OMV must be recovered as intact, enveloped particles, and host cell proteins and DNA must be reduced to acceptable levels to meet regulatory guidelines that were developed for virus-based vaccines and gene therapy vectors. Handling such high viral titers and process volumes is technologically challenging and expensive. This review considers the state of the art in OMV purification and looks at promising DSP technologies. We discuss here the purification of other enveloped viruses where such technologies could also be applied to OMV. The development of DSP technologies tailored for enveloped viruses is necessary to produce sufficient titers for virotherapy, which could offer hope to millions of patients suffering from incurable cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Loewe
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany.,Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hauke Dieken
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Tanja A Grein
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Tobias Weidner
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Denise Salzig
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter Czermak
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany.,Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany.,Project Group Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Giessen, Germany
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11
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Use of thiol functionalities for the preparation of porous monolithic structures and modulation of their surface chemistry: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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12
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Pereira Aguilar P, Schneider TA, Wetter V, Maresch D, Ling WL, Tover A, Steppert P, Jungbauer A. Polymer-grafted chromatography media for the purification of enveloped virus-like particles, exemplified with HIV-1 gag VLP. Vaccine 2019; 37:7070-7080. [PMID: 31300289 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-grafted chromatography media, especially ion exchangers, are high performance materials for protein purification. However, due to the pore size limitation, conventional chromatography beads are usually not considered for the downstream processing of large biomolecules such as virus-like particles (VLPs). Contrariwise, since the outer surface of the chromatography beads provides satisfactory binding capacity for VLPs and impurities of smaller size can bind inside of the beads, conventional porous beads should be considered for VLP capture and purification. We used HIV-1 gag VLPs with a diameter of 100-200 nm as a model to demonstrate that polymer-grafted anion exchangers are suitable for the purification of bionanoparticles. The equilibrium binding capacity was 1 × 1013 part/mL resin. Moderate salt concentration up to 100 mM NaCl did not affect binding, allowing direct loading of cell culture supernatant onto the column for purification. Dynamic binding capacity at 10% breakthrough, when loading cell culture supernatant, was approximately 6 × 1011 part/mL column; only 1-log lower than for monoliths. Endonuclease treatment of the cell culture supernatant did not increase the dynamic binding capacity, suggesting that dsDNA does not compete for the binding sites of VLPs. Nevertheless, due to simultaneous elution of particles and dsDNA, endonuclease treatment is required to reduce dsDNA contamination in the product. Proteomic analysis revealed that HIV-1 gag VLPs contain different host cell proteins in their cargo. This cargo is composed of conserved proteins and other proteins that vary from one particle population to another, as well as from batch to batch. This process allowed the separation of different particle populations. HIV-1 gag VLPs were directly captured and purified from cell culture supernatant with a total particle recovery in the elution of about 35%. Columns packed with beads can be scaled to practically any dimension and therefore a tailored design of the process is possible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Viktoria Wetter
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Maresch
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Austria
| | - Wai Li Ling
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Petra Steppert
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Austria
| | - Alois Jungbauer
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Austria; Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria.
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Pereira Aguilar P, González-Domínguez I, Schneider TA, Gòdia F, Cervera L, Jungbauer A. At-line multi-angle light scattering detector for faster process development in enveloped virus-like particle purification. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:2640-2649. [PMID: 31169979 PMCID: PMC6771681 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
At‐line static light scattering and fluorescence monitoring allows direct in‐process tracking of fluorescent virus‐like particles. We have demonstrated this by coupling at‐line multi‐angle light scattering and fluorescence detectors to the downstream processing of enveloped virus‐like particles. Since light scattering intensity is directly proportional to particle concentration, our strategy allowed a swift identification of product containing fractions and rapid process development. Virus‐like particles containing the Human Immunodeficiency Virus‐1 Gag protein fused to the Green Fluorescence protein were produced in Human Embryonic Kidney 293 cells by transient transfection. A single‐column anion‐exchange chromatography method was used for direct capture and purification. The majority of host‐cell protein impurities passed through the column without binding. Virus‐like particles bound to the column were eluted by linear or step salt gradients. Particles recovered in the step gradient purification were characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis, size exclusion chromatography coupled to multi‐angle light scattering and fluorescence detectors and transmission electron microscopy. A total recovery of 66% for the fluorescent particles was obtained with a 50% yield in the main product peak. Virus‐like particles were concentrated 17‐fold to final a concentration of 4.45 × 1010 particles/mL. Simple buffers and operation make this process suitable for large scale purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irene González-Domínguez
- Department d'Enginyeria Química Biològica i Ambiental, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Francesc Gòdia
- Department d'Enginyeria Química Biològica i Ambiental, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Cervera
- Department d'Enginyeria Química Biològica i Ambiental, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alois Jungbauer
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
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14
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Aydoğan C, Gökaltun A, Denizli A, El Rassi Z. Biochromatographic applications of polymethacrylate monolithic columns used in electro- and liquid phase-separationsΨ. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2018.1462204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cemil Aydoğan
- Department of Food Engineering, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Turkey
| | - Aslıhan Gökaltun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Adil Denizli
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ziad El Rassi
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
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15
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Satzer P, Sommer R, Paulsson J, Rodler A, Zehetner R, Hofstädter K, Klade C, Jungbauer A. Monolith affinity chromatography for the rapid quantification of a single-chain variable fragment immunotoxin. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:3051-3059. [PMID: 29873445 PMCID: PMC6099420 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We developed a novel analytical method for concentration determination of tandem single‐chain antibody diphtheria toxin (immunotoxin). The method is based on polymethacrylate monoliths with Protein L ligands as the binding moiety. Different buffers were tested for elution of the Protein L‐bound immunotoxin and 4.5 M guanidinium hydrochloride performed best. We optimized the elution conditions and the method sequence resulting in a fast and robust method with a runtime <10 min. Fast determination of immunotoxin is critical if any process decisions rely on this data. We determined method performance and a lower limit of detection of 27 μg/mL and a lower limit of quantification of 90 μg/mL was achieved. The validity of the method in terms of residual analysis, precision, and repeatability was proven in a range from 100 to 375 μg/mL. The short runtime and ease of use of a high‐performance liquid chromatography method is especially useful for a process analytical tool approach. Bioprocesses related to immunotoxin where fermentation or other process parameters can be adjusted in accordance to the immunotoxin levels will be benefited from this method to achieve the highest possible purity and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Satzer
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ralf Sommer
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johanna Paulsson
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Agnes Rodler
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Alois Jungbauer
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
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16
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Yoshida K, Iyori M, Blagborough AM, Salman AM, Dulal P, Sala KA, Yamamoto DS, Khan SM, Janse CJ, Biswas S, Yoshii T, Yusuf Y, Tokoro M, Hill AVS, Yoshida S. Adenovirus-prime and baculovirus-boost heterologous immunization achieves sterile protection against malaria sporozoite challenge in a murine model. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3896. [PMID: 29497047 PMCID: PMC5832798 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21369-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increasing prevalence of artemisinin-resistant malaria parasites, a highly efficacious and durable vaccine for malaria is urgently required. We have developed an experimental virus-vectored vaccine platform based on an envelope-modified baculovirus dual-expression system (emBDES). Here, we show a conceptually new vaccine platform based on an adenovirus-prime/emBDES-boost heterologous immunization regimen expressing the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (PfCSP). A human adenovirus 5-prime/emBDES-boost heterologous immunization regimen consistently achieved higher sterile protection against transgenic P. berghei sporozoites expressing PfCSP after a mosquito-bite challenge than reverse-ordered or homologous immunization. This high protective efficacy was also achieved with a chimpanzee adenovirus 63-prime/emBDES-boost heterologous immunization regimen against an intravenous sporozoite challenge. Thus, we show that the adenovirus-prime/emBDES-boost heterologous immunization regimen confers sterile protection against sporozoite challenge by two individual routes, providing a promising new malaria vaccine platform for future clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunitaka Yoshida
- Laboratory of Vaccinology and Applied Immunology, Kanazawa University School of Pharmacy, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.,Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 13 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-0934, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Iyori
- Laboratory of Vaccinology and Applied Immunology, Kanazawa University School of Pharmacy, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Andrew M Blagborough
- Department of Life Sciences, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College London, Imperial College Road, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Ahmed M Salman
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK.,Leiden Malaria Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, (LUMC, L4-Q), Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Pawan Dulal
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Katarzyna A Sala
- Department of Life Sciences, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College London, Imperial College Road, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Daisuke S Yamamoto
- Division of Medical Zoology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, 329-0431, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shahid M Khan
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, (LUMC, L4-Q), Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Chris J Janse
- Leiden Malaria Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, (LUMC, L4-Q), Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sumi Biswas
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Tatsuya Yoshii
- Laboratory of Vaccinology and Applied Immunology, Kanazawa University School of Pharmacy, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yenni Yusuf
- Laboratory of Vaccinology and Applied Immunology, Kanazawa University School of Pharmacy, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Masaharu Tokoro
- Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 13 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-0934, Japan
| | - Adrian V S Hill
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Shigeto Yoshida
- Laboratory of Vaccinology and Applied Immunology, Kanazawa University School of Pharmacy, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
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17
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Vincent D, Kramberger P, Hudej R, Štrancar A, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Velayudhan A. The development of a monolith-based purification process for Orthopoxvirus vaccinia virus Lister strain. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1524:87-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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18
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Steppert P, Burgstaller D, Klausberger M, Kramberger P, Tover A, Berger E, Nöbauer K, Razzazi‐Fazeli E, Jungbauer A. Separation of HIV‐1 gag virus‐like particles from vesicular particles impurities by hydroxyl‐functionalized monoliths. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:979-990. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Steppert
- Department of Biotechnology University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Austria
| | - Daniel Burgstaller
- Department of Biotechnology University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Austria
| | - Miriam Klausberger
- Department of Biotechnology University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Austria
| | | | | | - Eva Berger
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology Vienna Austria
| | - Katharina Nöbauer
- VetCore Facility for Research University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Vienna Austria
| | | | - Alois Jungbauer
- Department of Biotechnology University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology Vienna Austria
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19
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Marichal-Gallardo P, Pieler MM, Wolff MW, Reichl U. Steric exclusion chromatography for purification of cell culture-derived influenza A virus using regenerated cellulose membranes and polyethylene glycol. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1483:110-119. [PMID: 28069171 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.12.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Steric exclusion chromatography has been used for the purification of proteins and bacteriophages using monoliths. The operation is carried out by mixing a crude sample containing the target species with a predetermined concentration and molecular weight of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and loading it onto a non-reactive hydrophilic surface. Product capture occurs by the mutual steric exclusion of PEG between the product and the matrix. Selectivity is significantly influenced by target product size. Product elution is achieved by decreasing the PEG concentration. In this study, a 75cm2 cellulose membrane adsorber was used for the purification of a clarified and inactivated influenza A virus broth produced in a 5L bioreactor using suspension Madin Darby canine kidney cells. Product recovery was above 95% based on hemagglutination activity and single radial immunodiffusion assays. Maximum depletion of double stranded host cell DNA and total protein was 99.7% and 92.4%, respectively. Purified virus particles showed no aggregation with a monodisperse peak around 84nm. 250mL of the clarified inactivated virus broth was purified within 40min. The surface area productivity based on the recovery of the viral hemagglutinin antigen was 28-50mgm-2h-1 depending on the feed and loading conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Marichal-Gallardo
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Michael M Pieler
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael W Wolff
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen, Wiesenstrasse 14, 35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - Udo Reichl
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; Chair of Bioprocess Engineering, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
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20
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Gu H, Yin D, Ren J, Zhang B, Zhang Q. Preparation of quaternary amine monolithic column for strong anion-exchange chromatography and its application to the separation of Enterovirus 71. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1033-1034:399-405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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21
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Steppert P, Burgstaller D, Klausberger M, Berger E, Aguilar PP, Schneider TA, Kramberger P, Tover A, Nöbauer K, Razzazi-Fazeli E, Jungbauer A. Purification of HIV-1 gag virus-like particles and separation of other extracellular particles. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1455:93-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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22
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Groarke RJ, Brabazon D. Methacrylate Polymer Monoliths for Separation Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2016; 9:E446. [PMID: 28773570 PMCID: PMC5456823 DOI: 10.3390/ma9060446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the development of methacrylate-based polymer monoliths for separation science applications. An introduction to monoliths is presented, followed by the preparation methods and characteristics specific to methacrylate monoliths. Both traditional chemical based syntheses and emerging additive manufacturing methods are presented along with an analysis of the different types of functional groups, which have been utilized with methacrylate monoliths. The role of methacrylate based porous materials in separation science in industrially important chemical and biological separations are discussed, with particular attention given to the most recent developments and challenges associated with these materials. While these monoliths have been shown to be useful for a wide variety of applications, there is still scope for exerting better control over the porous architectures and chemistries obtained from the different fabrication routes. Conclusions regarding this previous work are drawn and an outlook towards future challenges and potential developments in this vibrant research area are presented. Discussed in particular are the potential of additive manufacturing for the preparation of monolithic structures with pre-defined multi-scale porous morphologies and for the optimization of surface reactive chemistries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Groarke
- Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, Dublin City University, Collins Avenue, Dublin 9, Ireland.
- National Sensor Research Centre, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Dermot Brabazon
- Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, Dublin City University, Collins Avenue, Dublin 9, Ireland.
- National Sensor Research Centre, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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23
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Acquah C, Moy CKS, Danquah MK, Ongkudon CM. Development and characteristics of polymer monoliths for advanced LC bioscreening applications: A review. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1015-1016:121-134. [PMID: 26919447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Biomedical research advances over the past two decades in bioseparation science and engineering have led to the development of new adsorbent systems called monoliths, mostly as stationary supports for liquid chromatography (LC) applications. They are acknowledged to offer better mass transfer hydrodynamics than their particulate counterparts. Also, their architectural and morphological traits can be tailored in situ to meet the hydrodynamic size of molecules which include proteins, pDNA, cells and viral targets. This has enabled their development for a plethora of enhanced bioscreening applications including biosensing, biomolecular purification, concentration and separation, achieved through the introduction of specific functional moieties or ligands (such as triethylamine, N,N-dimethyl-N-dodecylamine, antibodies, enzymes and aptamers) into the molecular architecture of monoliths. Notwithstanding, the application of monoliths presents major material and bioprocess challenges. The relationship between in-process polymerisation characteristics and the physicochemical properties of monolith is critical to optimise chromatographic performance. There is also a need to develop theoretical models for non-invasive analyses and predictions. This review article therefore discusses in-process analytical conditions, functionalisation chemistries and ligands relevant to establish the characteristics of monoliths in order to facilitate a wide range of enhanced bioscreening applications. It gives emphasis to the development of functional polymethacrylate monoliths for microfluidic and preparative scale bio-applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Acquah
- Curtin Sarawak Research Institute, Curtin University, Sarawak 98009, Malaysia; Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Sarawak 98009, Malaysia
| | - Charles K S Moy
- Department of Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Michael K Danquah
- Curtin Sarawak Research Institute, Curtin University, Sarawak 98009, Malaysia; Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Sarawak 98009, Malaysia.
| | - Clarence M Ongkudon
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah 88400, Malaysia
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24
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Kwang TW, Zeng X, Wang S. Manufacturing of AcMNPV baculovirus vectors to enable gene therapy trials. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2016; 3:15050. [PMID: 26858963 PMCID: PMC4729316 DOI: 10.1038/mtm.2015.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, baculoviruses have become workhorse research tools for transient transgene expression. Although they have not yet been used directly as a gene therapy vector in the clinical setting, numerous preclinical studies have suggested the highly promising potential of baculovirus as a delivery vector for a variety of therapeutic applications including vaccination, tissue engineering, and cancer treatment. As such, there is growing interest in using baculoviruses as human gene therapy vectors, which has led to advances in baculovirus bioprocessing methods. This review provides an overview of the current approaches for scaled-up amplification, concentration, purification, and formulation of AcMNPV baculoviruses, and highlights the key regulatory requirements that must be met before gene therapy clinical trials can be initiated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shu Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Singapore
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25
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Herigstad MO, Dimartino S, Boi C, Sarti. GC. Experimental characterization of the transport phenomena, adsorption, and elution in a protein A affinity monolithic medium. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1407:130-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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26
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27
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Ruščić J, Gutiérrez-Aguirre I, Tušek Žnidarič M, Kolundžija S, Slana A, Barut M, Ravnikar M, Krajačić M. A new application of monolithic supports: The separation of viruses from one another. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1388:69-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.01.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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28
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Nestola P, Peixoto C, Silva RRJS, Alves PM, Mota JPB, Carrondo MJT. Improved virus purification processes for vaccines and gene therapy. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 112:843-57. [PMID: 25677990 DOI: 10.1002/bit.25545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The downstream processing of virus particles for vaccination or gene therapy is becoming a critical bottleneck as upstream titers keep improving. Moreover, the growing pressure to develop cost-efficient processes has brought forward new downstream trains. This review aims at analyzing the state-of-the-art in viral downstream purification processes, encompassing the classical unit operations and their recent developments. Emphasis is given to novel strategies for process intensification, such as continuous or semi-continuous systems based on multicolumn technology, opening up process efficiency. Process understanding in the light of the pharmaceutical quality by design (QbD) initiative is also discussed. Finally, an outlook of the upcoming breakthrough technologies is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piergiuseppe Nestola
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal; Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
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29
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Rački N, Kramberger P, Steyer A, Gašperšič J, Štrancar A, Ravnikar M, Gutierrez-Aguirre I. Methacrylate monolith chromatography as a tool for waterborne virus removal. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1381:118-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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30
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Kramberger P, Urbas L, Štrancar A. Downstream processing and chromatography based analytical methods for production of vaccines, gene therapy vectors, and bacteriophages. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2015; 11:1010-21. [PMID: 25751122 PMCID: PMC4514237 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1009817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Downstream processing of nanoplexes (viruses, virus-like particles, bacteriophages) is characterized by complexity of the starting material, number of purification methods to choose from, regulations that are setting the frame for the final product and analytical methods for upstream and downstream monitoring. This review gives an overview on the nanoplex downstream challenges and chromatography based analytical methods for efficient monitoring of the nanoplex production.
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31
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Svec F, Lv Y. Advances and Recent Trends in the Field of Monolithic Columns for Chromatography. Anal Chem 2014; 87:250-73. [DOI: 10.1021/ac504059c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frantisek Svec
- International
Research Center
for Soft Matter, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Yongqin Lv
- International
Research Center
for Soft Matter, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, China
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32
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Nestola P, Villain L, Peixoto C, Martins DL, Alves PM, Carrondo MJ, Mota JP. Impact of grafting on the design of new membrane adsorbers for adenovirus purification. J Biotechnol 2014; 181:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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33
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Bednar I, Berger E, Krajnc NL, Vidič J, Podgornik A, Jungbauer A, Tscheliessnig R. Surfaces energies of monoliths by inverse liquid chromatography and contact angles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:5435-5440. [PMID: 24754679 DOI: 10.1021/la5000809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Seven porous chromatographic columns, termed monoliths, and seven nonporous sheets were produced from polymethacrylates. Their surfaces were activated by different densities of butyl and phenyl ligands. We determined the retention times of highly dilute molecular probes in monoliths and accessed contact angles of pure molecular probes of sheets. We calculated surface energies for both systems. We applied theories of Young, Dupré, and van Oss and compared the results of both types of experiments with respect to Lifshitz-van der Waals and Lewis acid and Lewis base contributions and find agreement but an additive constant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingeborg Bednar
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences , Vienna, Austria
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34
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Emerging technologies for the integration and intensification of downstream bioprocesses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4155/pbp.13.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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