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Sajid M. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction: Evolution in design, application areas, and green aspects. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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2
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Yang X, Xiao W, Dai S, Qu J, Luo J. Ultrasound and air‐disturbance‐based enhancement of spiral microchannel extraction of
Cu
2+
. CAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingdong Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu P.R. China
| | - Wenqiang Xiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu P.R. China
| | - Shuang Dai
- Department of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu P.R. China
| | - Jiyan Qu
- Department of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu P.R. China
| | - Jianhong Luo
- Department of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu P.R. China
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3
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Papageorgiou S, Varvaresou A, Panderi I, Giannakou M, Spiliopoulou C, Athanaselis S. Development and validation of a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the quantitation and stability of α-lipoic acid in cosmetic creams. Int J Cosmet Sci 2020; 42:221-228. [PMID: 31985846 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and validate a simple reversed-phase HPLC method for the quantitation and evaluation of stability of α-lipoic acid in cosmetics, according to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Guidelines. METHODS The chromatography was performed on a reversed-phase Luna C18, analytical column (150 × 4.6 mm id, 5 μm particle size) with a mobile phase of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (pΗ 4.5; 0.05 M) and acetonitrile (60:40, v/v) and a flow rate of 1.0 mL min-1 with UV detection at 340 nm. Accelerated and long-term stability studies of α-lipoic acid in cosmetic cream were conducted under various degradation conditions including acid, basis, oxidation, and thermal and photolytic degradation, according to European Medicines Agency Guidelines CPMP/ICH/2736/99. RESULTS The limit of detection (LOD) for the cosmetic cream was 0.9 μg mL-1 and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 2.8 μg mL-1 , while the retention time was 7.2 min. The method proved to be linear, precise and accurate. The stability results demonstrated the selectivity of the proposed method to the analysis of α-LA, and the degradation products were determined and evaluated in specific stress conditions in cosmetic creams. The applicability of the method was tested in two different developed cosmetic products (cream with 1.5 % w/w and emulsion with 1.0 % w/w of LA) and proved to be reliable. CONCLUSION A reversed-phase HPLC-UV method was developed and fully validated for the analysis of α-lipoic acid in cosmetics. It is the first reported application on the quantitation of lipoic acid in cosmetic creams, while at the same time evaluates the stability in forced degradation conditions, in new cosmetic formulations. It proved to be suitable for the reliable quality control of cosmetic products, with a run time of <8 min that allows for the analysis of large number of samples per day.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Papageorgiou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Welfare Sciences, Division of Aesthetics and Cosmetic Science, University of West Attica, Campus 1, Agiou Spyridonos, Egaleo, Athens, 12243, Greece
| | - A Varvaresou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Welfare Sciences, Division of Aesthetics and Cosmetic Science, University of West Attica, Campus 1, Agiou Spyridonos, Egaleo, Athens, 12243, Greece
| | - I Panderi
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimipolis - Zografou, Athens, 15771, Greece
| | - M Giannakou
- Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimipolis - Ilissia, Athens, 15701, Greece
| | - C Spiliopoulou
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Athens, 11527, Greece
| | - S Athanaselis
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Athens, 11527, Greece
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Turkowicz M, Jastrzebska I, Hryniewicka M, Kotowska U, Gudalewska D, Karpińska J. Investigation of lipoic acid - 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol reaction and evaluation of its analytical usefulness. Food Chem 2019; 309:125750. [PMID: 31704079 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The presented work is aimed to synthesize a new UV active derivative of α-lipoic acid (ALA) by its esterification with 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol (4-MBA, anise alcohol). The formation of ester was confirmed by 1HNMR, FTIR and UV spectroscopy. The analytical usefulness of the obtained compound for quantification of ALA in food items was examined using HPLC-UV and GC-MS systems. It was found that it is possible to assay ALA in the ester form in the concentration ranges: 5·10-6-1·10-4 mol L-1 by HPLC-UV and 1∙10-7-5∙10-5 mol L-1 by GC-MS techniques. The GC-MS procedure was applied for the determination of ALA in the food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Turkowicz
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Białystok, ul. Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Białystok, Poland.
| | - Izabella Jastrzebska
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Białystok, ul. Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Białystok, Poland
| | - Marta Hryniewicka
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Białystok, ul. Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Białystok, Poland
| | - Urszula Kotowska
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Białystok, ul. Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Białystok, Poland
| | - Diana Gudalewska
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Białystok, ul. Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Białystok, Poland
| | - Joanna Karpińska
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Białystok, ul. Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Białystok, Poland
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The first method for determination of lipoyllysine in human urine after oral lipoic acid supplementation. Bioanalysis 2019; 11:1359-1373. [PMID: 31368790 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2019-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The first method on urinary excreted amounts of lipoyllysine (LLys) after lipoic acid (LA) supplementation was developed and validated. The suggested procedure allowed simultaneous determination of LLys and LA. Methodology & results: After the conversion of analytes into their reduced forms with tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine and derivatization via thiol group with 1-benzyl-2-chloropyridinium bromide, separation of analytes derivatives was performed on C18 column using a gradient mobile phase consisting of acetic acid and acetonitrile. The calibration curves for LA and LLys were linear (R2 > 0.999) in the range of 0.4-12 μM concentration and all validation results were acceptable, according to the US FDA bioanalytical method guidelines. Conclusion: This method was effectively applied for LA and LLys quantification in human urine after oral LA supplementation.
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Borowczyk K, Olejarz P, Chwatko G. Application of simultaneous separation and derivatization for the determination of α-lipoic acid in urine samples by high-performance liquid chromatography with spectrofluorimetric detection. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 33:e4576. [PMID: 31069825 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
To help to clarify therapeutic functions of lipoic acid (LA) in biochemical and clinical practice we have elaborated a fast, simple and accurate HPLC method enabling determination of LA in human urine. The proposed analytical approach includes reduction of LA with tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine and simultaneous separation and derivatization of the analyte with butylamine and o-phthaldialdehyde followed by spectrofluorimetric detection at λex = 340 nm and λem = 440 nm. The assay was performed using gradient elution and the mobile phase containing 0.0025 mol L-1 o-phthaldialdehyde in 0.0025 mol L-1 NaOH and acetonitrile. Linearity of the detector response for LA was observed in the range of 0.3-8 μmol L-1 . Limits of detection and quantification for LA in urine samples were 0.02 and 0.03 μmol L-1 , respectively. The total analysis time, including sample work-up, was <20 min. The analytical procedure was successfully applied to analysis of real urine samples delivered from six healthy volunteers who received a single 100 mg dose of LA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Borowczyk
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Patrycja Olejarz
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Grażyna Chwatko
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Sajid M. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled with derivatization: A review of different modes, applications, and green aspects. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Kubalczyk P, Głowacki R. Determination of lipoic acid in human urine by capillary zone electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:1800-1805. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Kubalczyk
- Department of Environmental Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry; University of Łódź; Łódź Poland
| | - Rafał Głowacki
- Department of Environmental Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry; University of Łódź; Łódź Poland
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Odachowska A, Godlewska M, Turkowicz M, Mateuszczyk P, Iwanowicz M, Karpinska J. Studies on reaction of reduced lipoic acid with Mukaiyama reagent and its application for pharmaceutical and food analysis. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2017.1293548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Monika Turkowicz
- Białystok Provincial Sanitary and Epidemiological Station, Department of Food Products, Food-Contact Articles and Nutrition Research, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | | | - Joanna Karpinska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Abstract
α-Lipoic acid (LA) is a unique antioxidant that is not only effective in affording protection against oxidative stress but also plays an essential role in metabolic processes of all living organisms. Therefore, the determination of LA and its metabolites content is crucial for understanding their physiological and pathophysiological functions. Most of the recently developed methods for the detection and determination of LA and its metabolites in various biological samples have focused on sample preparation procedures involving but not limited to sampling, extraction and storage. The main goal of this review is to summarize and critically evaluate the current state of the art of analytical procedures applied to the determination of LA and related compounds in biological samples.
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Godlewska M, Odachowska A, Turkowicz M, Karpinska J. Analysis of Reaction between α-Lipoic Acid and 2-Chloro-1-methylquinolinium Tetrafluoroborate Used as a Precolumn Derivatization Technique in Chromatographic Determination of α-Lipoic Acid. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2015; 2015:535387. [PMID: 26504616 PMCID: PMC4609507 DOI: 10.1155/2015/535387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study offers results of analysis concerning the course of reaction between reduced α-lipoic acid (LA) and 2-chloro-1-methylquinolinium tetrafluoroborate (CMQT). In water environments, the reaction between CMQT and hydrophilic thiols proceeds very rapidly and the resultant products are stable. For the described analysis, optimum reaction conditions, such as concentration of the reducing agent, environment pH, and concentration of the reagent were carefully selected. The spectrophotometric assay was carried out measuring absorbance at λ = 348 nm (i.e., the spectral band of the obtained reaction product). Furthermore, the calibration curve of lipoic acid was registered. It was concluded that the Lambert-Beer law was observed within the range 1-10 μmol L(-1). Later, the reaction between LA and CMQT was used as precolumn derivatization in a chromatographic determination of the lipoic acid in the range 2.5-50 μmol L(-1). Practical applicability of the designed methods was evaluated by determining lipoic acid in Revitanerv pharmaceutical preparation which contains 300 mg LA in a single capsule. The error of the determination did not exceed 0.5% in relation to the declared value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Godlewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Hurtowa 1, 15-399 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Angelika Odachowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Hurtowa 1, 15-399 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Monika Turkowicz
- Białystok Provincial Sanitary and Epidemiological Station, Department of Food Products, Food-Contact Articles and Nutrition Research, Legionowa 8, 15-099 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Joanna Karpinska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Hurtowa 1, 15-399 Bialystok, Poland
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Silvério ACP, Machado SC, Boralli VB, Martins I. Dialkyl phosphates determination by gas chromatography: Evaluation of a microwave-assisted derivatization†. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:2664-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Cristina Pupin Silvério
- Laboratory of Toxicants and Drugs Analysis- LATF, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG; 700 Gabriel Monteiro da Silva street Alfenas MG Brazil
| | - Simone Caetani Machado
- Laboratory of Toxicants and Drugs Analysis- LATF, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG; 700 Gabriel Monteiro da Silva street Alfenas MG Brazil
| | - Vanessa Bergamin Boralli
- Laboratory of Toxicants and Drugs Analysis- LATF, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG; 700 Gabriel Monteiro da Silva street Alfenas MG Brazil
| | - Isarita Martins
- Laboratory of Toxicants and Drugs Analysis- LATF, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG; 700 Gabriel Monteiro da Silva street Alfenas MG Brazil
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13
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Lavilla I, Romero V, Costas I, Bendicho C. Greener derivatization in analytical chemistry. Trends Analyt Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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