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Sha Y, Yu H, Xiong J, Wang J, Fei T, Wu D, Yang K, Zhang L. Separation and purification of active ingredients in tobacco by free-flow electrophoresis. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:5885-5890. [PMID: 37905587 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01708g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
The active ingredients from tobacco extracts were continuously separated and purified using a homemade free-flow electrophoresis apparatus. A rectangular free flow electrophoresis device was constructed for the continuous separation and preparation, and the operating conditions of the device were optimized. The fractions obtained from the free-flowing component collection unit were then detected by HPLC and GC-MS. The results showed that a 90% methanol-water solution could maximize the extraction of the active components from tobacco. Chlorogenic acid and nicotine were enriched in three and four of 24 fractions, respectively, after free-flow isoelectric focusing electrophoresis. 2-Hydroxy-2-cyclopentene-1-one, 1-(2-methyl-1,3-oxathiolan-2-yl) ethanone, nornicotine, cotinine, and scopolamine were separated and enriched synchronously. Overall, the use of free-flow electrophoresis technology for the separation and purification of the active substances in tobacco can improve the comprehensive utilization rate of tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Sha
- Key Laboratory of Cigarette Smoke, Technology Center of Shanghai Tobacco Group Co. Ltd, Shanghai, 200082, China
| | - Haoran Yu
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Junwei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Cigarette Smoke, Technology Center of Shanghai Tobacco Group Co. Ltd, Shanghai, 200082, China
| | - Junfeng Wang
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Ting Fei
- Key Laboratory of Cigarette Smoke, Technology Center of Shanghai Tobacco Group Co. Ltd, Shanghai, 200082, China
| | - Da Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cigarette Smoke, Technology Center of Shanghai Tobacco Group Co. Ltd, Shanghai, 200082, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cigarette Smoke, Technology Center of Shanghai Tobacco Group Co. Ltd, Shanghai, 200082, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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2
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Sohail A, Jiang X, Wahid A, Wang H, Cao C, Xiao H. Free-flow zone electrophoresis facilitated proteomics analysis of heterogeneous subpopulations in H1299 lung cancer cells. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1227:340306. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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3
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Dong S, Jiang Z, Liu Z, Chen L, Zhang Q, Tian Y, Sohail A, Khan MI, Xiao H, Liu X, Wang Y, Li H, Wu H, Liu W, Cao C. Purification of low-abundance lysozyme in egg white via free-flow electrophoresis with gel-filtration chromatography. Electrophoresis 2020; 41:1529-1538. [PMID: 32529672 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
As an effective separation tool, free-flow electrophoresis has not been used for purification of low-abundance protein in complex sample matrix. Herein, lysozyme in complex egg white matrix was chosen as the model protein for demonstrating the purification of low-content peptide via an FFE coupled with gel fitration chromatography (GFC). The crude lysozyme in egg while was first separated via free-flow zone electrophoresis (FFZE). After that, the fractions with lysozyme activity were condensed via lyophilization. Thereafter, the condensed fractions were further purified via a GFC of Sephadex G50. In all of the experiments, a special poly(acrylamide- co-acrylic acid) (P(AM-co-AA)) gel electrophoresis and a mass spectrometry were used for identification of lysozyme. The conditions of FFZE were optimized as follows: 130 μL/min sample flow rate, 4.9 mL/min background buffer of 20 mM pH 5.5 Tris-Acetic acid, 350 V, and 14 °C as well as 2 mg/mL protein content of crude sample. It was found that the purified lysozyme had the purity of 80% and high activity as compared with its crude sample with only 1.4% content and undetectable activity. The recoveries in the first and second separative steps were 65% and 82%, respectively, and the total recovery was about 53.3%. The reasons of low recovery might be induced by diffusion of lysozyme out off P(AM-co-AA) gel and co-removing of high-abundance egg ovalbumin. All these results indicated FFE could be used as alternative tool for purification of target solute with low abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Dong
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information & Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ziqin Jiang
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Agro-biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information & Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information & Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information & Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Youli Tian
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information & Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Amir Sohail
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information & Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Muhammad Idrees Khan
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information & Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Hua Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information & Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yuxing Wang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Honggen Li
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Hanyu Wu
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Agro-biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Weiwen Liu
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information & Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Chengxi Cao
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information & Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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4
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Islinger M, Wildgruber R, Völkl A. Preparative free-flow electrophoresis, a versatile technology complementing gradient centrifugation in the isolation of highly purified cell organelles. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:2288-2299. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Islinger
- Institute for Neuroanatomy, Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim; University of Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | | | - Alfred Völkl
- Department of Medical Cell Biology; Institute of Anatomy; University of Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
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5
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Xia ZJ, Liu Z, Kong FZ, Fan LY, Xiao H, Cao CX. Comparison of antimicrobial peptide purification via free-flow electrophoresis and gel filtration chromatography. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:3147-3154. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jun Xia
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Bioseparation; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism; School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Bioseparation; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism; School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Fan-Zhi Kong
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Bioseparation; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism; School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Liu-Yin Fan
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Bioseparation; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism; School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Hua Xiao
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Bioseparation; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism; School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Xi Cao
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Bioseparation; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism; School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
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He YC, Kong FZ, Fan LY, Wu JY, Liu XP, Li J, Sun Y, Zhang Q, Yang Y, Wu XJ, Xiao H, Cao CX. Preparation of intact mitochondria using free-flow isoelectric focusing with post-pH gradient sample injection for morphological, functional and proteomics studies. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 982:200-208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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7
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Zhang Q, Fan LY, Li WL, Cong FS, Zhong R, Chen JJ, He YC, Xiao H, Cao CX. A stable and convenient protein electrophoresis titration device with bubble removing system. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:1706-1712. [PMID: 28306175 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Moving reaction boundary titration (MRBT) has a potential application to immunoassay and protein content analysis with high selectivity. However, air bubbles often impair the accuracy of MRBT, and the leakage of electrolyte greatly decreases the safety and convenience of electrophoretic titration. Addressing these two issues a reliable MRBT device with modified electrolyte chamber of protein titration was designed. Multiphysics computer simulation was conducted for optimization according to two-phase flow. The single chamber was made of two perpendicular cylinders with different diameters. After placing electrophoretic tube, the resident air in the junction next to the gel could be eliminated by a simple fast electrolyte flow. Removing the electrophoretic tube automatically prevented electrolyte leakage at the junction due to the gravity-induced negative pressure within the chamber. Moreover, the numerical simulation and experiments showed that the improved MRBT device has following advantages: (i) easy and rapid setup of electrophoretic tube within 20 s; (ii) simple and quick bubble dissipates from the chamber of titration within 2 s; (iii) no electrolyte leakage from the two chambers: and (iv) accurate protein titration and safe instrumental operation. The developed technique and apparatus greatly improves the performance of the previous MRBT device, and providing a new route toward practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Laboratory of Bioseparation and Analytical Biochemistry, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Liu-Yin Fan
- Laboratory of Bioseparation and Analytical Biochemistry, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Lin Li
- Laboratory of Bioseparation and Analytical Biochemistry, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Feng-Song Cong
- Laboratory of Bioseparation and Analytical Biochemistry, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Ran Zhong
- Laboratory of Bioseparation and Analytical Biochemistry, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Jing Chen
- Laboratory of Bioseparation and Analytical Biochemistry, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Chen He
- Laboratory of Bioseparation and Analytical Biochemistry, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Hua Xiao
- Laboratory of Bioseparation and Analytical Biochemistry, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Xi Cao
- Laboratory of Bioseparation and Analytical Biochemistry, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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8
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Yang Y, Kong FZ, Liu J, Li JM, Liu XP, Li GQ, Wang JF, Xiao H, Fan LY, Cao CX, Li S. Enhancing resolution of free-flow zone electrophoresis via a simple sheath-flow sample injection. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:1992-7. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Fan-Zhi Kong
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Bioseparation, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Ji Liu
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Jun-Min Li
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ping Liu
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Bioseparation, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Guo-Qing Li
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Bioseparation, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Ju-Fang Wang
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Hua Xiao
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Bioseparation, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Liu-Yin Fan
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Bioseparation, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Xi Cao
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Bioseparation, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Shan Li
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou P. R. China
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9
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Reciprocating free-flow isoelectric focusing device for preparative separation of proteins. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1422:318-324. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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Choi M, Na Y, Kim SJ. Hydrophilic strips for preventing air bubble formation in a microfluidic chamber. Electrophoresis 2015; 36:2896-901. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Munseok Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Konkuk University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Na
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Konkuk University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Konkuk University; Seoul Republic of Korea
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11
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Agostino FJ, Krylov SN. Advances in steady-state continuous-flow purification by small-scale free-flow electrophoresis. Trends Analyt Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Target protein separation and preparation by free-flow electrophoresis coupled with charge-to-mass ratio analysis. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1397:73-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Yan J, Yang CZ, Zhang Q, Liu XP, Kong FZ, Cao CX, Jin XQ. Experimental study on the optimization of general conditions for a free-flow electrophoresis device with a thermoelectric cooler†. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:3555-63. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yan
- Key State Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism; School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai China
- Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics; School of Mechanical Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai China
| | - Cheng-Zhang Yang
- Key State Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism; School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Key State Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism; School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai China
| | - Xiao-Ping Liu
- Key State Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism; School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai China
| | - Fan-Zhi Kong
- Key State Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism; School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai China
| | - Cheng-Xi Cao
- Key State Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism; School of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai China
| | - Xin-Qiao Jin
- Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics; School of Mechanical Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai China
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Mukhitov N, Yi L, Schrell AM, Roper MG. Optimization of a microfluidic electrophoretic immunoassay using a Peltier cooler. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1367:154-60. [PMID: 25263064 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Successful analysis of electrophoretic affinity assays depends strongly on the preservation of the affinity complex during separations. Elevated separation temperatures due to Joule heating promotes complex dissociation leading to a reduction in sensitivity. Affinity assays performed in glass microfluidic devices may be especially prone to this problem due to poor heat dissipation due to the low thermal conductivity of glass and the large amount of bulk material surrounding separation channels. To address this limitation, a method to cool a glass microfluidic chip for performing an affinity assay for insulin was achieved by a Peltier cooler localized over the separation channel. The Peltier cooler allowed for rapid stabilization of temperatures, with 21°C the lowest temperature that was possible to use without producing detrimental thermal gradients throughout the device. The introduction of cooling improved the preservation of the affinity complex, with even passive cooling of the separation channel improving the amount of complex observed by 2-fold. Additionally, the capability to thermostabilize the separation channel allowed for utilization of higher separation voltages than what was possible without temperature control. Kinetic CE analysis was utilized as a diagnostic of the affinity assay and indicated that optimal conditions were at the highest separation voltage, 6 kV, and the lowest separation temperature, 21°C, leading to 3.4% dissociation of the complex peak during the separation. These optimum conditions were used to generate a calibration curve and produced 1 nM limits of detection, representing a 10-fold improvement over non-thermostated conditions. This methodology of cooling glass microfluidic devices for performing robust and high sensitivity affinity assays on microfluidic systems should be amenable in a number of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Mukhitov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftain Way, Dittmer Building, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States
| | - Lian Yi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftain Way, Dittmer Building, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States
| | - Adrian M Schrell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftain Way, Dittmer Building, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States
| | - Michael G Roper
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftain Way, Dittmer Building, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States.
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Yang CZ, Yan J, Zhang Q, Guo CG, Kong FZ, Cao CX, Fan LY, Jin XQ. Negative-pressure-induced collector for a self-balance free-flow electrophoresis device. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:1359-63. [PMID: 24648284 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Uneven flow in free-flow electrophoresis (FFE) with a gravity-induced fraction collector caused by air bubbles in outlets and/or imbalance of the surface tension of collecting tubes would result in a poor separation. To solve these issues, this work describes a novel collector for FFE. The collector is composed of a self-balance unit, multisoft pipe flow controller, fraction collector, and vacuum pump. A negative pressure induced continuous air flow rapidly flowed through the self-balance unit, taking the background electrolyte and samples into the fraction collector. The developed collector has the following advantages: (i) supplying a stable and harmonious hydrodynamic environment in the separation chamber for FFE separation, (ii) effectively preventing background electrolyte and sample flow-back at the outlet of the chamber and improving the resolution, (iii) increasing the preparative scale of the separation, and (iv) simplifying the operation. In addition, the cost of the FFE device was reduced without using a multichannel peristaltic pump for sample collection. Finally, comparative FFE experiments on dyes, proteins, and cells were carried out. It is evident that the new developed collector could overcome the problems inherent in the previous gravity-induced self-balance collector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Zhang Yang
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Bioseparation, Key State Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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