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Rocha KN, da Silva JAF, de Jesus DP. Capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C 4 D) for rapid and simple determination of lactate in sweat. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:392-399. [PMID: 38072648 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
An analytical method based on capillary electrophoresis (CE) using capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4 D) was developed and validated for fast, straightforward, and reliable determination of lactate in artificial and human sweat samples. The background electrolyte was composed of equimolar concentrations (10 mmol/L) of 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid and histidine, with 0.2 mmol/L of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as electroosmotic flow inverter. The limit of detection and quantification were 3.1 and 10.3 µmol/L, respectively. Recoveries in the 97 to 118% range were obtained using sweat samples spiked with lactate at three concentration levels, indicating an acceptable accuracy. The intraday and interday precisions were 1.49 and 7.08%, respectively. The proposed CE-C4 D method can be a starting point for monitoring lactate concentrations in sweat samples for diagnostics, physiological studies, and sports performance assessment applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kionnys N Rocha
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José A Fracassi da Silva
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dosil P de Jesus
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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2
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Rapid chloride and bicarbonate determination by capillary electrophoresis for confirmatory testing of cystic fibrosis infants with volume-limited sweat specimens. J Cyst Fibros 2023; 22:66-72. [PMID: 35577746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a debilitating genetic disorder that benefits from early detection. CF diagnosis relies on measuring elevated sweat chloride that is difficult in neonates with low sweat rates. We introduce a new method for sweat chloride determination from volume-limited specimens, and explore the potential utility of sweat bicarbonate in neonatal CF screening. Methods A rapid assay (< 5 min) was developed to analyze chloride and bicarbonate using capillary electrophoresis with indirect UV detection (CE-iUV). Pilocarpine-stimulated sweat samples from screen-positive CF infants were collected at two hospital sites, including confirmed CF (n = 12), CF screen-positive inconclusive diagnosis (n = 4), and unaffected non-CF cases (n = 37). All sweat chloride samples were analyzed by a coulometric titrator and CE-iUV, and the viability to measure acid-labile bicarbonate was also evaluated. Results Stability studies revealed that bicarbonate can be reliably assessed in sweat if acidification and heating were avoided. Method validation demonstrated that sweat chloride and bicarbonate were quantified with acceptable accuracy (recovery of 102%), precision (CV = 3.7%) and detection limits (∼ 0.1 mM). An inter-laboratory comparison confirmed a mean bias of 6.5% (n = 53) for sweat chloride determination by CE-iUV relative to a commercial chloridometer. However, sweat bicarbonate did not discriminate between CF and non-CF infants (AUC = 0.623, p = 0.215) unlike chloride (AUC = 1.00, p = 3.00 × 10-7). Conclusions CE-iUV offers a robust method for sweat chloride testing from presumptive CF infants that may reduce testing failure rates. However, sweat bicarbonate does not have clinical value in newborn CF diagnosis.
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Tůma P. Monitoring of biologically active substances in clinical samples by capillary and microchip electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1225:340161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Photoluminescence Sensing of Chloride Ions in Sea Sand Using Alcohol-Dispersed CsPbBr3@SiO2 Perovskite Nanocrystal Composites. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10050170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, CsPbBr3@SiO2 perovskite nanocrystal composites (CsPbBr3@SiO2 PNCCs) were synthesized by a benzyl bromide nucleophilic substitution strategy. Homogeneous halide exchange between CsPbBr3@SiO2 PNCCs and Cl− solution (aqueous phase) was applied to the determination of Cl− in sea sand samples. Fast halide exchange with Cl− in the aqueous phase without any magnetic stirring or pH regulation resulted in the blue shift of the photoluminescence (PL) wavelength and vivid PL color changes from green to blue. The results show that the PL sensing of Cl− in aqueous samples could be implemented by using the halide exchange of CsPbBr3@SiO2 PNCCs. A linear relationship between the PL wavelength shift and the Cl− concentration in the range of 0 to 3.0% was found, which was applied to the determination of Cl− concentration in sea sand samples. This method greatly simplifies the detection process and provides a new idea for further broadening PL sensing using the CsPbBr3 PNC halide.
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3D Printed Skin-Wash Sampler for Sweat Sampling in Cystic Fibrosis Diagnosis Using Capillary Electrophoretic Ion Ratio Analysis. SEPARATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/separations8120234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sweat chloride analysis is one of the important approaches in cystic fibrosis diagnosis. The commonly used Macroduct method to acquire sweat samples is semi-invasive, time consuming and expensive. Furthermore, this method often fails to collect a sufficient amount of sweat in newborns due to the insufficient sweating rate. In this work, we present a novel, simple, 3D-printed sampling device that is used to collect sweat specimens completely noninvasively in less than one minute. The device has a flow-through channel adjacent to the skin surface, through which 500 µL of deionized water is flushed and the spontaneously formed sweat on the skin in the channel area is washed into a plastic vial. The developed skin-wash procedure is a single step operation, is completely noninvasive and it always produces a sweat specimen. The ions from the skin-wash are subsequently analyzed by capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection and selected ion ratio (Cl−/K+) or ((Cl− + Na+)/K+) is used as a cut-off value to diagnose cystic fibrosis patients with sensitivity and specificity comparable to the conventional Macroduct method.
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Yang W, Zhai J, Li J, Qin Y, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Xie X. Colorimetric and fluorescent turn-on detection of chloride ions with ionophore and BODIPY: Evaluation with nanospheres and cellulose paper. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1175:338752. [PMID: 34330436 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Here, we present the optical detection of chloride ions with co-extraction based anion-selective optodes containing a BODIPY derivative (BDP-OH) and the ionophore In(OEP)Cl. Spectroscopic studies suggested that BDP-OH and In(OEP)Cl formed an adduct BDP-O-In(OEP), which was converted to BDP-OH and In(OEP)Cl upon increasing sample Cl- concentration, and induced signal changes in both fluorescence and absorbance modes. The method was evaluated in polystyrene-graft-poly(ethylene oxide) (PS-PEO) nanospheres (ca. 40 nm in diameter) and on cellulose paper. In contrast to Cl- probes based on fluorescence quenching, the nanospheres exhibited turn-on fluorescence and ratiometric absorbance responses to a tunable Cl- concentration range (10 μM-1 M). Through fluorescence microscopy, the nanospheres were able to respond to Cl- concentration changes in HeLa cells. Cellulose paper-based Cl- optodes with colorimetric response were successfully used to measure Cl- in artificial sweat, providing a potential analytical tool for clinical diagnosis of cystic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jingying Zhai
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yu Qin
- Nanjing Eaglenos Co. Ltd., Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Yaotian Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yupu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaojiang Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common fatal genetic disease of the Caucasian population. Sweat testing is the principal diagnostic test for CF, and it is used for the evaluation of infants with positive CF newborn screening (NBS) and in patients with clinical findings suggesting CF. This article describes the classical sweat test method in detail and also provides an overwiew of recent advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Gokdemir
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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8
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Graf HG, Rudisch BM, Manegold J, Huhn C. Advancements in capacitance-to-digital converter-based C 4 D technology for detection in capillary electrophoresis using amplified excitation voltages and comparison to classical and open-source C 4 Ds. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:1306-1316. [PMID: 33710630 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This work introduces new hardware configurations for a capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detector (C4 D) based on capacitance-to-digital conversion (CDC) technology for CE. The aim was to improve sensitivity, handling, price, and portability of CDC-based C4 D detectors (CDCD) to reach LODs similar to classic C4 Ds with more sophisticated electric circuits. To achieve this, a systematic study on the CDCDs was carried out including a direct comparison to already established C4 D setups. Instrumental setups differing in electrode lengths, measurement modes, and amplification of excitation voltages were investigated to achieve LODs for alkali metal ions of 4 to 12 μM, similar to LODs obtained by classic C4 D setups. Lowest LODs were achieved for a setup with two 10 mm electrodes at a distance of 0.2 mm and an excitation voltage of 24 V. The detection head was exceptionally lightweight with only 2.6 g and covered only 20 mm of the capillary on total. This allowed the use of multiple detectors along the separation path to enable spatial tracking of analytes during separation. The entirely battery-powered detector assembly weighs less than 200 g, and the data are transmitted wirelessly for possible portable applications. The freely accessible hardware and software were optimized for fully automated measurements with real time data plotting and allowed handling multidetector setups. The new developments were applied to quantify the potassium salt of glyphosate in its herbicide formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Georg Graf
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Johanna Manegold
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Carolin Huhn
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Colorimetric sensing of chloride in sweat based on fluorescence wavelength shift via halide exchange of CsPbBr 3 perovskite nanocrystals. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:2. [PMID: 33387052 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04653-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Considering the high importance of the rapid detection of chloride ion (Cl-) in sweat for the diagnosis of fibrotic cysts, we have investigated the heterogeneous halide exchange between CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) in n-hexane and Cl- in aqueous solution. The results show that CsPbBr3 PNCs could achieve fast halide exchange with Cl- in the aqueous phase under magnetic stirring at pH = 1, accompanied by a significant wavelength blue shift and vivid fluorescence color changes from green to blue. Therefore, a fluorescence wavelength shift-based colorimetric sensing of Cl- based on the halide exchange of CsPbBr3 PNCs has been developed to realize the rapid detection of Cl- in sweat. Compared with the conventional fluorescence intensity-based method, this method is of high convenience since the whole procedure could be achieved within 5 min without any sample pretreatment (even no dilution), demonstrating promising application prospects. Graphical Abstract Fluorescence wavelength-shift based colorimetric sensing of chloride in sweat via halide exchange of CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals.
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10
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Ďurč P, Foret F, Homola L, Malá M, Pokojová E, Vinohradská H, Dastych M, Krausová D, Nagy D, Bede O, Dřevínek P, Skalická V, Kubáň P. Skin wipe test: A simple, inexpensive, and fast approach in the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. Pediatr Pulmonol 2020; 55:1653-1660. [PMID: 32250037 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the performance of a newly developed skin wipe test (SWT) for the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF). STUDY DESIGN Spontaneously formed sweat from the forearm was wiped by a cotton swab moistened with 100 µL of deionized (DI) water and extracted into 400 µL of DI water (SWT). The conventional Macroduct sweat test (ST) was performed simultaneously. SWT samples of 114 CF patients, 76 healthy carriers, and 58 controls were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection and Cl- /K+ and (Cl- + Na+ )/K+ ion ratios were evaluated. Chloride concentrations from Macroduct ST were analyzed coulometrically. RESULTS Analysis of 248 SWT samples and simultaneous Macroduct ST samples showed comparable method performance. Two ion ratios, Cl- /K+ and (Cl- + Na+ )/K+ , from the SWT samples and Cl- values from the ST samples were evaluated to diagnose CF. Sensitivity of the SWT method using the Cl- /K+ ratio (cutoff value 3.9) was 93.9%, compared to 99.1% when using the (Cl- + Na+ )/K+ ratio (cutoff value 5.0) and 98.3% in using Macroduct Cl- (cutoff value higher or equal to 60 mmol/L). The methods' specificities were 97.8%, 94.0%, and 100.0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The developed SWT method with capillary electrophoretic analysis for CF diagnosis performs comparably to the conventional Macroduct ST. The SWT method is simple, fast, inexpensive, and completely noninvasive. Use of an ion ratio in obtained SWT samples is proposed as a new diagnostic parameter that shows significant promise in CF diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavol Ďurč
- Department of Bioanalytical Instrumentation, CEITEC Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Chemistry, Masaryk University Brno, Czech Republic
| | - František Foret
- Department of Bioanalytical Instrumentation, CEITEC Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Homola
- Cystic Fibrosis Centre and Clinic of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miriam Malá
- Cystic Fibrosis Centre and Clinic of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Pokojová
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and TB, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Vinohradská
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Dastych
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dagmar Krausová
- Cystic Fibrosis Centre and Clinic of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dóra Nagy
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Olga Bede
- Bács-Kiskun County Hospital and Teaching Hospital, University of Szeged, Kecskemét, Hungary
| | - Pavel Dřevínek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Skalická
- Department of Pediatrics, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Kubáň
- Department of Bioanalytical Instrumentation, CEITEC Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Duruel O, Berker E, Özşin-Özler C, Gharibzadeh-Hızal M, Gürpınar Ö, Eryılmaz-Polat S, Ataman-Duruel ET, Tan Ç, Karabulut E, Tekçiçek M, Eser ÖK, Kiper N, Tezcan İ. Levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in cystic fibrosis patients with or without gingivitis. Cytokine 2020; 127:154987. [PMID: 31927460 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.154987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory periodontal diseases are caused by interaction between gram negative, anaerobic bacteria and host response. Persistent infection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients also cause increased pro-inflammatory response and the imbalance of pro- and anti-inflammatory response in brochoalveolar lavage fluid which leads to destruction of lungs. The aim of this study is to evaluate periodontal status of CF patients, to measure level of cytokines and biochemical molecules in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and to detect presence of P. aeruginosa in dental plaque samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS GCF samples were collected from 41 CF patients and 39 healthy (non-CF) subjects. Interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-17, IL-10, human neutrophil elastase (HNE), cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) protein, and human β-defensin-1 (HBD1) in GCF were evaluated by ELISA method. Dental plaque samples were collected from 18 CF patients with history of P. aeruginosa colonization and 15 non-CF subjects. Presence of P. aeruginosa was evaluated by using conventional culture methods and molecular methods. RESULTS Levels of IL-1ß, HNE, and HBD1 in CF patients were significantly higher than non-CF subjects. However, IL-10 level was significantly lower in CF patients. Increased pro-inflammatory (IL-1ß) and decreased anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokine levels were observed in GCF samples from CF patients, irrespective of their periodontal status. P. aeruginosa were detected in four samples of 18 CF patients, and all were negative in non-CF group. CONCLUSIONS As a result of this study, CF coexists increasing pro-inflammatory and decreasing anti-inflammatory response locally. Due to increasing pro-inflammation, CF patients should be followed-up more often than non-CF children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onurcem Duruel
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ezel Berker
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cansu Özşin-Özler
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mina Gharibzadeh-Hızal
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Öznur Gürpınar
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sanem Eryılmaz-Polat
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Çağman Tan
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erdem Karabulut
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meryem Tekçiçek
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özgen Köseoğlu Eser
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nural Kiper
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İlhan Tezcan
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Kubáň P, Dvořák M, Kubáň P. Capillary electrophoresis of small ions and molecules in less conventional human body fluid samples: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1075:1-26. [PMID: 31196414 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, advances in sensitive analytical techniques have encouraged the analysis of various compounds in biological fluids. While blood serum, blood plasma and urine still remain the golden standards in clinical, toxicological and forensic science, analyses of other body fluids, such as breast milk, exhaled breath condensate, sweat, saliva, amniotic fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, or capillary blood in form of dried blood spots are becoming more popular. This review article focuses on capillary electrophoresis and microchip electrophoresis of small ions and molecules (e.g. inorganic cations/anions, basic/acidic drugs, small acids/bases, amino acids, peptides and other low molecular weight analytes) in various less conventional human body fluids and hopes to stimulate further interest in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Kubáň
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, CZ-60200, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miloš Dvořák
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, CZ-60200, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kubáň
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, CZ-60200, Brno, Czech Republic.
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13
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Dubot P, Liang J, Dubs J, Missiak Y, Sarazin C, Couderc F, Caussé E. Sweat chloride quantification using capillary electrophoresis. Pract Lab Med 2018; 13:e00114. [PMID: 30623007 PMCID: PMC6317274 DOI: 10.1016/j.plabm.2018.e00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the less rare and severe genetic disease among the European population. Biochemical diagnosis of CF is based on the demonstration of increased chloride concentration in sweat samples, obtained during the sweat test (ST). WynSep developed a capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection (CE-C4D) able to measure sweat chloride with a low sample volume. We evaluated the clinical feasibility of this device in a cohort of patients suspected of CF, in comparison with the common coulometric method (ChloroChek chloridometer). Methods We determined sweat chloride concentration of 65 samples from patients referred to our institution to undergo a sweat test. Each sample was submitted to coulometric method first, then WynSep-CE, with or without internal standard (IS) subject to sufficient volume sample. Results A total of 53 samples were analysed by both coulometric and WynSep-CE (using IS) methods. The method validation showed comparable analytical performances for both methods; no false positive or false negative was recorded. The two methods showed a high correlation (r = 0.993, p < 0.001) and a close agreement was demonstrated by two different statistical tests (Bland-Altman and Passing-Bablok). Conclusions WynSep-CE is an accurate, fast, easy-to-use and an appropriate method for CF diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Dubot
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Institut Fédératif de Biologie, Hôpital Purpan, 330, av de Grande Bretagne TSA 40031, 31059 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Jing Liang
- WynSep SAS, Prologue 1, 815 La Pyrénéenne, 31670 Labège, France
| | - Jacobé Dubs
- WynSep SAS, Prologue 1, 815 La Pyrénéenne, 31670 Labège, France
| | - Yohann Missiak
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Institut Fédératif de Biologie, Hôpital Purpan, 330, av de Grande Bretagne TSA 40031, 31059 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Cédric Sarazin
- WynSep SAS, Prologue 1, 815 La Pyrénéenne, 31670 Labège, France
| | - François Couderc
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique et Spectrométrie de Masse, IMRCP, UMR, 5623 Toulouse, France
| | - Elizabeth Caussé
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Institut Fédératif de Biologie, Hôpital Purpan, 330, av de Grande Bretagne TSA 40031, 31059 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
- Corresponding author.
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14
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Ďurč P, Foret F, Pokojová E, Homola L, Skřičková J, Herout V, Dastych M, Vinohradská H, Kubáň P. New approach for cystic fibrosis diagnosis based on chloride/potassium ratio analyzed in non-invasively obtained skin-wipe sweat samples by capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductometric detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:3507-3514. [PMID: 28357484 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0318-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new approach for sweat analysis used in cystic fibrosis (CF) diagnosis is proposed. It consists of a noninvasive skin-wipe sampling followed by analysis of target ions using capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductometric detection (C4D). The skin-wipe sampling consists of wiping a defined skin area with precleaned cotton swab moistened with 100 μL deionized water. The skin-wipe sample is then extracted for 3 min into 400 μL deionized water, and the extract is analyzed directly. The developed sampling method is cheap, simple, fast, and painless, and can replace the conventional pilocarpine-induced sweat chloride test commonly applied in CF diagnosis. The aqueous extract of the skin-wipe sample content is analyzed simultaneously by capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductometric detection using a double opposite end injection. A 20 mmol/L L-histidine/2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid and 2 mmol/L 18-crown-6 at pH 6 electrolyte can separate all the major ions in less than 7 min. Skin-wipe sample extracts from 30 study participants-ten adult patients with CF (25-50 years old), ten pediatric patients with CF (1-15 years old), and ten healthy control individuals (1-18 years old)-were obtained and analyzed. From the analyzed ions in all samples, a significant difference between chloride and potassium concentrations was found in the CF patients and healthy controls. We propose the use of the Cl-/K+ ratio rather than the absolute Cl- concentration and a cutoff value of 4 in skin-wipe sample extracts as an alternative to the conventional sweat chloride analysis. The proposed Cl-/K+ ion ratio proved to be a more reliable indicator, is independent of the patient's age, and allows better differentiation between non-CF individuals and CF patients having intermediate values on the Cl- sweat test. Figure New approach for cystic fibrosis diagnosis based on skin-wipe sampling of forearm and analysis of ionic content (Cl-/K+ ratio) in skin-wipe extracts by capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductometric detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavol Ďurč
- Department of Bioanalytical Instrumentation, CEITEC Masaryk University, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - František Foret
- Department of Bioanalytical Instrumentation, CEITEC Masaryk University, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Pokojová
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and TB, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavská 20, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Homola
- Cystic Fibrosis Centre and Clinic of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavská 20, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Skřičková
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and TB, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavská 20, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Herout
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and TB, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavská 20, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Dastych
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavská 20, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Vinohradská
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavská 20, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Kubáň
- Department of Bioanalytical Instrumentation, CEITEC Masaryk University, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Blackney DM, Foley JP. Dual-opposite injection capillary electrophoresis: Principles and misconceptions. Electrophoresis 2016; 38:607-616. [PMID: 27859385 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dual-opposite injection capillary electrophoresis (DOI-CE) is a separation technique that utilizes both ends of the capillary for sample introduction. The electroosmotic flow (EOF) is suppressed to allow all ions to reach the detector quickly. Depending on the individual electrophoretic mobilities of the analytes of interest and the effective length that each analyte travels to the detection window, the elution order of analytes in a DOI-CE separation can vary widely. This review discusses the principles, applications, and limitations of dual-opposite injection capillary electrophoresis. Common misconceptions regarding DOI-CE are clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna M Blackney
- Department of Chemistry, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joe P Foley
- Department of Chemistry, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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16
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Su H, Ruan W, Ye S, Liu Y, Sui H, Li Z, Sun X, He C, Zhao B. Detection of physiological potassium ions level in human serum by Raman scattering spectroscopy. Talanta 2016; 161:743-747. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Kubáň P, Hauser PC. Contactless conductivity detection for analytical techniques- Developments from 2014 to 2016. Electrophoresis 2016; 38:95-114. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Kubáň
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Peter C. Hauser
- Department of Chemistry; University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
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18
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Mori M, Ishikawara F, Tomoda T, Yamada S, Okamoto M, Itabashi H, Seki Y, Matsumoto R, Shoho Y, Martha L, Sumino H, Murakami M. Use of capillary electrophoresis with dual-opposite end injection for simultaneous analysis of small ions in saliva samples from wrestlers undergoing a weight training program. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1012-1013:178-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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19
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Varga E, Sohajda T, Juvancz Z, Bodane Kendrovics R, Szekely E, Bansaghi G. Development of Electrophoretic Methods for Simultaneous Determination of Enantiomeric Ratio and Composition of Diastereomeric Salt Mixtures. Chromatographia 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-015-2923-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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