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Pi K, Van Cappellen P, Li H, Gan Y, Tong L, Zhong X, Wang Y. Soil respiration induces co-emission of greenhouse gases and methylated selenium from cold-region Mollisols: Significance for selenium deficiency. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 188:108758. [PMID: 38781702 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Mollisols rich in natural organic matter are a significant sink of carbon (C) and selenium (Se). Climate warming and agricultural expansion to the cold Mollisol regions may enhance soil respiration and biogeochemical cycles, posing a growing risk of soil C and Se loss. Through field-mimicking incubation experiments with uncultivated and cultivated soils from the Mollisol regions of northeastern China, this research shows that soil respiration remained significant even during cold seasons and caused co-emission of greenhouse gases (CO2 and CH4) and methylated Se. Such stimulus effects were generally stronger in the cultivated soils, with maximum emission rates of 7.45 g/m2/d C and 1.42 μg/m2/d Se. For all soil types, the greatest co-emission of CO2 and dimethyl selenide occurred at 25 % soil moisture, whereas measurable CH4 emission was observed at 40 % soil moisture with higher percentages of dimethyl diselenide volatilization. Molecular characterization with three-dimensional fluorescence and ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry suggests that CO2 emission is sensitive to the availability of microbial protein-like substances and free energy from organic carbon biodegradation under variable moisture conditions. Predominant Se binding to biodegradable organic matter resulted in high dependence of Se volatilization on rates of greenhouse gas emissions. These findings together highlight the importance of dynamic organic carbon quality for soil respiration and consequent Mollisol Se loss risk, with implications for science-based management of C and Se resources in agricultural lands to combat with Se deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunfu Pi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Quality and Health, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, China; School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, China; Ecohydrology Research Group, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, N2L 3G1 Waterloo, Canada; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Black Soil and Water Resources Research, 150036 Harbin, China
| | - Philippe Van Cappellen
- Ecohydrology Research Group, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, N2L 3G1 Waterloo, Canada
| | - Hongyan Li
- Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 100037 Beijing, China
| | - Yiqun Gan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Quality and Health, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, China; School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Tong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Quality and Health, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, China; School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Black Soil and Water Resources Research, 150036 Harbin, China
| | - Xinlin Zhong
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Yanxin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Quality and Health, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, China; School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, China.
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Müller E, von Gunten U, Tolu J, Bouchet S, Winkel LHE. Reactions of hypobromous acid with dimethyl selenide, dimethyl diselenide and other organic selenium compounds: kinetics and product formation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE : WATER RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 10:620-630. [PMID: 38434173 PMCID: PMC10905664 DOI: 10.1039/d3ew00787a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for many living organisms particularly due to its unique redox properties. We recently found that the sulfur (S) analog for dimethyl selenide (DMSe), i.e. dimethyl sulfide (DMS), reacts fast with the marine oxidant hypobromous acid (HOBr) which likely serves as a sink of marine DMS. Here we investigated the reactivity of HOBr with dimethyl selenide and dimethyl diselenide (DMDSe), which are the main volatile Se compounds biogenically produced in marine waters. In addition, the reactivity of HOBr with further organic Se compounds was tested, i.e., SeMet (as N-acetylated-SeMet), and selenocystine (SeCys2 as N-acetylated-SeCys2), as well as the phenyl-analogs of DMSe and DMDSe, respectively, diphenyl selenide (DPSe) and diphenyl diselenide (DPDSe). Apparent second-order rate constants at pH 8 for the reactions of HOBr with the studied Se compounds were (7.1 ± 0.7) × 107 M-1 s-1 for DMSe, (4.3 ± 0.4) × 107 M-1 s-1 for DMDSe, (2.8 ± 0.3) × 108 M-1 s-1 for SeMet, (3.8 ± 0.2) × 107 M-1 s-1 for SeCys2, (3.5 ± 0.1) × 107 M-1 s-1 for DPSe, and (8.0 ± 0.4) × 106 M-1 s-1 for DPDSe, indicating a very high reactivity of all selected Se compounds with HOBr. The reactivity between HOBr and DMSe is lower than for DMS and therefore this reaction is likely not relevant for marine DMSe abatement. However, the high reactivity of SeMet with HOBr suggests that SeMet may act as a relevant quencher of HOBr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Müller
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Water Resources and Drinking Water (W+T), Eawag Ueberlandstrasse 133 CH-8600 Duebendorf Switzerland +41 58 765 5601
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Department of Environment Systems (D-USYS), ETH Zurich Universitätsstrasse 16 8092 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Urs von Gunten
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Water Resources and Drinking Water (W+T), Eawag Ueberlandstrasse 133 CH-8600 Duebendorf Switzerland +41 58 765 5601
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Department of Environment Systems (D-USYS), ETH Zurich Universitätsstrasse 16 8092 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Julie Tolu
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Water Resources and Drinking Water (W+T), Eawag Ueberlandstrasse 133 CH-8600 Duebendorf Switzerland +41 58 765 5601
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Department of Environment Systems (D-USYS), ETH Zurich Universitätsstrasse 16 8092 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Bouchet
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Water Resources and Drinking Water (W+T), Eawag Ueberlandstrasse 133 CH-8600 Duebendorf Switzerland +41 58 765 5601
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Department of Environment Systems (D-USYS), ETH Zurich Universitätsstrasse 16 8092 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Lenny H E Winkel
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Water Resources and Drinking Water (W+T), Eawag Ueberlandstrasse 133 CH-8600 Duebendorf Switzerland +41 58 765 5601
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Department of Environment Systems (D-USYS), ETH Zurich Universitätsstrasse 16 8092 Zürich Switzerland
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Wei L, Liu J, Hou X, Chen W, Feng Y, Kong W, Tang Y, Zhong C, Zhang S, Wang T, Zhao G, Jiao S, Jiang G. Rice Seedlings and Microorganisms Mediate Biotransformation of Se in CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots to Volatile Alkyl Selenides. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:20261-20271. [PMID: 37992251 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c07094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are widely applied and inevitably released into the environment. The biotransformation of Se in typical CdSe/ZnS QDs coated with glutathione (CdSe/ZnS-GSH) to volatile alkyl selenides and the fate of alkyl selenides in the hydroponically grown rice system were investigated herein. After a 10-day exposure to CdSe/ZnS-GSH (100 nmol L-1), seven alkyl selenides, dimethyl selenide (DMSe), dimethyl diselenide (DMDSe), methyl selenol (MSeH), ethylmethyl selenide (EMSe), ethylmethyl diselenide (EMDSe), dimethyl selenenyl sulfide (DMSeS), and ethylmethyl selenenyl sulfide (EMSeS), were detected in the exposure system using the suspect screening strategy. CdSe/ZnS-GSH was first biotransformed to DMSe and DMDSe by plant and microorganisms. The generated DMSe was volatilized to the gas phase, adsorbed and absorbed by leaves and stems, downward transported, and released into the hydroponic solution, whereas DMDSe tended to be adsorbed/absorbed by roots and upward transported to stems. The airborne DMSe and DMDSe also partitioned from the gas phase to the hydroponic solution. DMSe and DMDSe in the exposure system were further transformed to DMSeS, EMSeS, EMSe, EMDSe, and MSeH. This study gives a comprehensive understanding on the behaviors of Se in CdSe/ZnS-GSH in a rice plant system and provides new insights into the environmental fate of CdSe/ZnS QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xingwang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Weifang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yue Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Wenqian Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yinyin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chuanji Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ganghui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Suning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
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Skok A, Bazel Y, Vishnikin A. New analytical methods for the determination of sulfur species with microextraction techniques: a review. J Sulphur Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2022.2045294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arina Skok
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Yaroslav Bazel
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Andriy Vishnikin
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Oles Honchar National University, Dnipro, Ukraine
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Sulfur Amino Acid Status Controls Selenium Methylation in Pseudomonas tolaasii: Identification of a Novel Metabolite from Promiscuous Enzyme Reactions. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e0010421. [PMID: 33811024 PMCID: PMC8174768 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00104-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) deficiency affects many millions of people worldwide, and the volatilization of methylated Se species to the atmosphere may prevent Se from entering the food chain. Despite the extent of Se deficiency, little is known about fluxes in volatile Se species and their temporal and spatial variation in the environment, giving rise to uncertainty in atmospheric transport models. To systematically determine fluxes, one can rely on laboratory microcosm experiments to quantify Se volatilization in different conditions. Here, it is demonstrated that the sulfur (S) status of bacteria crucially determines the amount of Se volatilized. Solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry showed that Pseudomonas tolaasii efficiently and rapidly (92% in 18 h) volatilized Se to dimethyl diselenide and dimethyl selenyl sulfide through promiscuous enzymatic reactions with the S metabolism. However, when the cells were supplemented with cystine (but not methionine), a major proportion of the Se (∼48%) was channeled to thus-far-unknown, nonvolatile Se compounds at the expense of the previously formed dimethyl diselenide and dimethyl selenyl sulfide (accounting for <4% of total Se). Ion chromatography and solid-phase extraction were used to isolate unknowns, and electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry, electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and microprobe nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry were used to identify the major unknown as a novel Se metabolite, 2-hydroxy-3-(methylselanyl)propanoic acid. Environmental S concentrations often exceed Se concentrations by orders of magnitude. This suggests that in fact S status may be a major control of selenium fluxes to the atmosphere. IMPORTANCE Volatilization from soil to the atmosphere is a major driver for Se deficiency. “Bottom-up” models for atmospheric Se transport are based on laboratory experiments quantifying volatile Se compounds. The high Se and low S concentrations in such studies poorly represent the environment. Here, we show that S amino acid status has in fact a decisive effect on the production of volatile Se species in Pseudomonas tolaasii. When the strain was supplemented with S amino acids, a major proportion of the Se was channeled to thus-far-unknown, nonvolatile Se compounds at the expense of volatile compounds. This hierarchical control of the microbial S amino acid status on Se cycling has been thus far neglected. Understanding these interactions—if they occur in the environment—will help to improve atmospheric Se models and thus predict drivers of Se deficiency.
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Müller E, von Gunten U, Bouchet S, Droz B, Winkel LHE. Reaction of DMS and HOBr as a Sink for Marine DMS and an Inhibitor of Bromoform Formation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:5547-5558. [PMID: 33788559 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c08189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, we suggested that hypobromous acid (HOBr) is a sink for the marine volatile organic sulfur compound dimethyl sulfide (DMS). However, HOBr is also known to react with reactive moieties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) such as phenolic compounds to form bromoform (CHBr3) and other brominated compounds. The reaction between HOBr and DMS may thus compete with the reaction between HOBr and DOM. To study this potential competition, kinetic batch and diffusion-reactor experiments with DMS, HOBr, and DOM were performed. Based on the reaction kinetics, we modeled concentrations of DMS, HOBr, and CHBr3 during typical algal bloom fluxes of DMS and HOBr (10-13 to 10-9 M s-1). For an intermediate to high HOBr flux (≥10-11 M s-1) and a DMS flux ≤10-11 M s-1, the model shows that the DMS degradation by HOBr was higher than for photochemical oxidation, biological consumption, and sea-air gas exchange combined. For HOBr fluxes ≤10-11 M s-1 and a DMS flux of 10-11 M s-1, our model shows that CHBr3 decreases by 86% compared to a lower DMS flux of 10-12 M s-1. Therefore, the reaction between HOBr and DMS likely not only presents a sink for DMS but also may lead to suppressed CHBr3 formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Müller
- Department of Water Resources and Drinking Water (W+T), Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
- Department of Environment Systems (D-USYS), ETH Zurich, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Universitätsstrasse 16, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Urs von Gunten
- Department of Water Resources and Drinking Water (W+T), Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
- Department of Environment Systems (D-USYS), ETH Zurich, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Universitätsstrasse 16, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Bouchet
- Department of Water Resources and Drinking Water (W+T), Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
- Department of Environment Systems (D-USYS), ETH Zurich, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Universitätsstrasse 16, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Boris Droz
- Department of Water Resources and Drinking Water (W+T), Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
- Department of Environment Systems (D-USYS), ETH Zurich, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Universitätsstrasse 16, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lenny H E Winkel
- Department of Water Resources and Drinking Water (W+T), Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
- Department of Environment Systems (D-USYS), ETH Zurich, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Universitätsstrasse 16, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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Moreno-Martin G, Sanz-Landaluze J, León-González ME, Madrid Y. In vivo quantification of volatile organoselenium compounds released by bacteria exposed to selenium with HS-SPME-GC-MS. Effect of selenite and selenium nanoparticles. Talanta 2021; 224:121907. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Müller E, von Gunten U, Bouchet S, Droz B, Winkel LHE. Hypobromous Acid as an Unaccounted Sink for Marine Dimethyl Sulfide? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:13146-13157. [PMID: 31613095 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b04310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Marine emissions of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) to the atmosphere play a fundamental role in the global sulfur (S) cycle and have important consequences for the Earth's radiative balance. In the ocean, DMS is mainly produced by marine algae and bacteria via cleavage of the precursor compound dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP). Here, we studied the reaction between DMS and the strong oxidant hypobromous acid (HOBr), which is also produced by marine algae. Further, reactions between DMS oxidation products and HOBr were studied. The second-order rate constants were determined in competition kinetic experiments using sulfite as a competitor. In addition, we developed a new HPLC-ICP-MS/MS method to identify and quantify the oxidation products of DMS and related compounds. We found that HOBr reacts very fast with DMS to dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), with a second-order rate constant of 1.6 × 109 M-1 s-1, while the subsequent oxidation of DMSO to dimethyl sulfone (DMSO2) is much slower (0.4 M-1 s-1). Concentrations of DMSP, DMSO2, and methanesulfonic acid (MSA) did not decrease when exposed to excess concentrations of HOBr, implying that these S-containing compounds are not or only slightly reactive toward HOBr. A quantitative comparison of known DMS sinks shows that HOBr may be an important, hitherto neglected sink for marine DMS that needs to be considered in ocean-atmosphere chemistry models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Müller
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Water Resources and Drinking Water (W+T) , Ueberlandstrasse 133 , CH-8600 Duebendorf , Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Department of Environment Systems (D-USYS) , ETH Zurich , Universitätsstrasse 16 , CH-8092 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Urs von Gunten
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Water Resources and Drinking Water (W+T) , Ueberlandstrasse 133 , CH-8600 Duebendorf , Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Department of Environment Systems (D-USYS) , ETH Zurich , Universitätsstrasse 16 , CH-8092 Zürich , Switzerland
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC) , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Bouchet
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Water Resources and Drinking Water (W+T) , Ueberlandstrasse 133 , CH-8600 Duebendorf , Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Department of Environment Systems (D-USYS) , ETH Zurich , Universitätsstrasse 16 , CH-8092 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Boris Droz
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Water Resources and Drinking Water (W+T) , Ueberlandstrasse 133 , CH-8600 Duebendorf , Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Department of Environment Systems (D-USYS) , ETH Zurich , Universitätsstrasse 16 , CH-8092 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Lenny H E Winkel
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Water Resources and Drinking Water (W+T) , Ueberlandstrasse 133 , CH-8600 Duebendorf , Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Department of Environment Systems (D-USYS) , ETH Zurich , Universitätsstrasse 16 , CH-8092 Zürich , Switzerland
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Methyl Selenol as a Precursor in Selenite Reduction to Se/S Species by Methane-Oxidizing Bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.01379-19. [PMID: 31519658 PMCID: PMC6821961 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01379-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic methane-oxidizing bacteria are ubiquitous in the environment. Two well-characterized strains, Mc. capsulatus (Bath) and Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b, representing gamma- and alphaproteobacterial methanotrophs, respectively, can convert selenite, an environmental pollutant, to volatile selenium compounds and selenium-containing particulates. Both conversions can be harnessed for the bioremediation of selenium pollution using biological or fossil methane as the feedstock, and these organisms could be used to produce selenium-containing particles for food and biotechnological applications. Using an extensive suite of techniques, we identified precursors of selenium nanoparticle formation and also found that these nanoparticles are made up of eight-membered mixed selenium and sulfur rings. A wide range of microorganisms have been shown to transform selenium-containing oxyanions to reduced forms of the element, particularly selenium-containing nanoparticles. Such reactions are promising for the detoxification of environmental contamination and the production of valuable selenium-containing products, such as nanoparticles for application in biotechnology. It has previously been shown that aerobic methane-oxidizing bacteria, including Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath), are able to perform the methane-driven conversion of selenite (SeO32−) to selenium-containing nanoparticles and methylated selenium species. Here, the biotransformation of selenite by Mc. capsulatus (Bath) has been studied in detail via a range of imaging, chromatographic, and spectroscopic techniques. The results indicate that the nanoparticles are produced extracellularly and have a composition distinct from that of nanoparticles previously observed from other organisms. The spectroscopic data from the methanotroph-derived nanoparticles are best accounted for by a bulk structure composed primarily of octameric rings in the form Se8 −xSx with an outer coat of cell-derived biomacromolecules. Among a range of volatile methylated selenium and selenium-sulfur species detected, methyl selenol (CH3SeH) was found only when selenite was the starting material, although selenium nanoparticles (both biogenic and chemically produced) could be transformed into other methylated selenium species. This result is consistent with methyl selenol being an intermediate in the methanotroph-mediated biotransformation of selenium to all the methylated and particulate products observed. IMPORTANCE Aerobic methane-oxidizing bacteria are ubiquitous in the environment. Two well-characterized strains, Mc. capsulatus (Bath) and Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b, representing gamma- and alphaproteobacterial methanotrophs, respectively, can convert selenite, an environmental pollutant, to volatile selenium compounds and selenium-containing particulates. Both conversions can be harnessed for the bioremediation of selenium pollution using biological or fossil methane as the feedstock, and these organisms could be used to produce selenium-containing particles for food and biotechnological applications. Using an extensive suite of techniques, we identified precursors of selenium nanoparticle formation and also found that these nanoparticles are made up of eight-membered mixed selenium and sulfur rings.
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Graves SD, Liber K, Palace V, Hecker M, Doig LE, Janz DM. Distribution of Experimentally Added Selenium in a Boreal Lake Ecosystem. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2019; 38:1954-1966. [PMID: 31145497 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Human activities have increased the release of selenium (Se) to aquatic environments, but information about the trophic transfer dynamics of Se in Canadian boreal lake systems is limited. In the present study, Se was added as selenite to limnocorrals (2-m-diameter, 3000-L in situ enclosures) in a boreal lake in northwestern Ontario to reach nominal concentrations of 1 and 10 µg Se/L in triplicate each for 77 d, and 3 additional limnocorrals were controls with no Se added. Total Se concentrations were determined in water, sediment, periphyton, benthic macroinvertebrates, zooplankton, and reproductively mature female fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas; added on day 33) collected throughout (and at the end of) the exposure period. Mean measured water Se concentrations in the control, 1-, and 10-µg/L treatments were 0.12, 1.0, and 8.9 µg/L. At the end of exposure (day 77), enrichment functions ranged from 7772 L/kg dry mass in the 8.9-µg/L treatment to 23 495 L/kg dry mass in the 0.12-µg/L treatment, and trophic transfer factors for benthic macroinvertebrates ranged from 0.49 for Gammaridae to 2.3 for Chironomidae. Selenium accumulated in fathead minnow ovaries to concentrations near or above the current US Environmental Protection Agency criterion (15.1 µg/g dry mass for fish ovary/egg) in the 1.0- and 8.9-µg/L treatments, suggesting that, depending on aqueous Se speciation, such exposures have the potential to cause Se accumulation in fish to levels of concern in cold-water, boreal lake systems. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:1954-1966. © 2019 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie D Graves
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Karsten Liber
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Vince Palace
- International Institute for Sustainable Development-Experimental Lakes Area, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Markus Hecker
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Lorne E Doig
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Global Institute for Water Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - David M Janz
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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11
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Mohapatra DP, Kirpalani DM. Selenium in wastewater: fast analysis method development and advanced oxidation treatment applications. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2019; 79:842-849. [PMID: 31025962 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2019.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Selenium, a ubiquitous non-metal in nature, is potentially toxic to natural ecosystems due to its bioaccumulation potential. Due to increased monitoring and enforcement of selenium regulations, the need to be able to measure and treat selenium efficiently has taken on an increased importance. The principal aqueous forms of inorganic selenium are selenite (Se(IV)) and selenate (Se(VI)). Selenate, due to its high mobility and lack of affinity to conventional adsorbents, is typically much more difficult to treat and remove. To address both measurement and removal, an analytical method is reported for quantification of selenium in wastewater (WW) using UV-Vis spectrophotometer followed by removal studies using advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). Malachite green and azure blue were selected for colorimetric analysis using UV-Vis. Malachite green indicator showed the best results for analysis. The reported UV-Vis method was applied to establish the effect of AOPs on selenium removal. It was noted that all of the AOP treated samples showed removal of selenium and it was established that the UV-Vis method has a lower limit of detection at 2 mg/L. Further, through this study, it was found that the chemical cavitation yield and selenium removal efficiency peaked at low frequency ultrasound of 40 kHz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipti Prakash Mohapatra
- National Research Council of Canada, Energy Mining and Environment Portfolio, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada E-mail:
| | - Deepak M Kirpalani
- National Research Council of Canada, Energy Mining and Environment Portfolio, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada E-mail:
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12
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A simple and sensitive vortex-assisted ionic liquid-dispersive microextraction and spectrophotometric determination of selenium in food samples. Food Chem 2017; 232:98-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.03.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Ibrahim ASA, Al-Farawati R, Hawas U, Shaban Y. Recent Microextraction Techniques for Determination and Chemical Speciation of Selenium. OPEN CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2017-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractResearch designed to improve extraction has led to the development of microextraction techniques (ME), which involve simple, low cost, and effective preconcentrationof analytes in various matrices. This review is concerned with the principles and theoretical background of ME, as well as the development of applications for selenium analysis during the period from 2008 to 2016. Among all ME, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was found to be most favorable for selenium. On the other hand, atomic absorption spectrometry was the most frequently used instrumentation. Selenium ME have rarely been coupled to spectrophotometry and X-ray spectrophotometry methods, and there is no published application of ME with electrochemical techniques. We strongly support the idea of using a double preconcentration process, which consists of microextraction prior to preconcentration, followed by selenium determination using cathodic stripping voltammetry (ME-CSV). More attention should focus on the development of accurate, precise, and green methods for selenium analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S. A. Ibrahim
- Marine Chemistry Department, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O.Box. 80207 Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Radwan Al-Farawati
- Marine Chemistry Department, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O.Box. 80207 Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Usama Hawas
- Marine Chemistry Department, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O.Box. 80207 Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser Shaban
- Marine Chemistry Department, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O.Box. 80207 Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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14
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Boczkaj G, Makoś P, Fernandes A, Przyjazny A. New procedure for the control of the treatment of industrial effluents to remove volatile organosulfur compounds. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:3946-3956. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Boczkaj
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Chemical Faculty; Gdansk University of Technology; Poland
| | - Patrycja Makoś
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Chemical Faculty; Gdansk University of Technology; Poland
| | - André Fernandes
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Chemical Faculty; Gdansk University of Technology; Poland
| | - Andrzej Przyjazny
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry; Kettering University; Flint MI USA
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15
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Vriens B, Behra R, Voegelin A, Zupanic A, Winkel LHE. Selenium Uptake and Methylation by the Microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:711-720. [PMID: 26690834 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b04169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Biogenic selenium (Se) emissions play a major role in the biogeochemical cycle of this essential micronutrient. Microalgae may be responsible for a large portion of these emissions via production of methylated Se compounds that volatilize into the atmosphere. However, the biochemical mechanisms underlying Se methylation in microalgae are poorly understood. Here, we study Se methylation by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a model freshwater alga, as a function of uptake and intracellular Se concentrations and present a biochemical model that quantitatively describes Se uptake and methylation. Both selenite and selenate, two major inorganic forms of Se, are readily internalized by C. reinhardtii, but selenite is accumulated around ten times more efficiently than selenate due to different membrane transporters. With either selenite or selenate as substrates, Se methylation was highly efficient (up to 89% of intracellular Se) and directly coupled to intracellular Se levels (R(2) > 0.92) over an intracellular concentration range exceeding an order of magnitude. At intracellular concentrations exceeding 10 mM, intracellular zerovalent Se was formed. The relationship between uptake, intracellular accumulation, and methylation was used by the biochemical model to successfully predict measured concentrations of methylated Se in natural waters. Therefore, biological Se methylation by microalgae could significantly contribute to environmental Se cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bas Vriens
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich , CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Renata Behra
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich , CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Voegelin
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Anze Zupanic
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Lenny H E Winkel
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich , CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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