Directing membrane chromatography to manufacture α1-antitrypsin from human plasma fraction IV

Advances in high-throughput, high-capacity nonwoven membranes for chromatography in downstream processing: A review

Nonwoven membranes are highly engineered fibrous materials that can be manufactured on a large scale from a wide range of different polymers, and their surfaces can be modified using a large variety of different chemistries and ligands. The fiber diameters, surface areas, pore sizes, total porosities, and thicknesses of the nonwoven mats can be carefully controlled, providing many opportunities for creative approaches for the development of novel membranes with unique properties to meet the needs of the future of downstream processing. Fibrous membranes are already finding use in ultrafiltration, microfiltration, depth filtration, and, more recently, in membrane chromatography for product capture and impurity removal. This article summarizes the various methods of manufacturing nonwoven fabrics, and the many methods available for the modification of the fiber surfaces. It also reviews recent studies focused on the use of nonwoven fabric devices in membrane chromatography and provides some perspectives on the challenges that need to be overcome to increase binding capacities, decrease residence times, and reduce pressure drops so that eventually they can replace resin column chromatography in downstream process operations.

Recent development and application of membrane chromatography

Membrane chromatography is mainly used for the separation and purification of proteins and biological macromolecules in the downstream processing process, also applications in sewage disposal. Membrane chromatography is recognized as an effective alternative to column chromatography because it significantly improves chromatography from affinity, hydrophobicity, and ion exchange; the development status of membrane chromatography in membrane matrix and membrane equipment is thoroughly discussed, and the applications of protein capture and intermediate purification, virus, monoclonal antibody purification, water treatment, and others are summarized. This review will provide value for the exploration and potential application of membrane chromatography.

Iminodiacetic Acid (IDA) Cation-Exchange Nonwoven Membranes for Efficient Capture of Antibodies and Antibody Fragments

There is strong need to reduce the manufacturing costs and increase the downstream purification efficiency of high-value therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). This paper explores the performance of a weak cation-exchange membrane based on the coupling of IDA to poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) nonwoven fabrics. Uniform and conformal layers of poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (GMA) were first grafted to the surface of the nonwovens. Then IDA was coupled to the polyGMA layers under optimized conditions, resulting in membranes with very high permeability and binding capacity. This resulted in IgG dynamic binding capacities at very short residence times (0.1–2.0 min) that are much higher than those achieved by the best cation-exchange resins. Similar results were obtained in the purification of a single-chain (scFv) antibody fragment. As is customary with membrane systems, the dynamic binding capacities did not change significantly over a wide range of residence times. Finally, the excellent separation efficiency and potential reusability of the membrane were confirmed by five consecutive cycles of mAb capture from its cell culture harvest. The present work provides significant evidence that this weak cation-exchange nonwoven fabric platform might be a suitable alternative to packed resin chromatography for low-cost, higher productivity manufacturing of therapeutic mAbs and antibody fragments.

Methods of Purification and Application Procedures of Alpha1 Antitrypsin: A Long-Lasting History

The aim of the present report is to review the literature addressing the methods developed for the purification of alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT) from the 1950s to the present. AAT is a glycoprotein whose main function is to protect tissues from human neutrophil elastase (HNE) and other proteases released by neutrophils during an inflammatory state. The lack of this inhibitor in human serum is responsible for the onset of alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), which is a severe genetic disorder that affects lungs in adults and for which there is currently no cure. Being used, under special circumstances, as a medical treatment of AATD in the so-called "replacement" therapy (consisting in the intravenous infusion of the missing protein), AAT is a molecule with a lot of therapeutic importance. For this reason, interest in AAT purification from human plasma or its production in a recombinant version has grown considerably in recent years. This article retraces all technological advances that allowed the manufacturers to move from a few micrograms of partially purified AAT to several grams of highly purified protein. Moreover, the chronic augmentation and maintenance therapy in individuals with emphysema due to congenital AAT deficiency (current applications in the clinical setting) is also presented.

Isolation of ellagic acid from pomegranate peel extract by hydrophobic interaction chromatography using graphene oxide grafted cotton fiber adsorbent

Ellagic acid, a natural polyphenol, was isolated from pomegranate peel extract by hydrophobic interaction using graphene oxide grafted cotton fiber as a stationary adsorbent. The grafted graphene oxide moieties served as hydrophobic interaction-binding sites for ellagic acid adsorption. The graphene oxide grafted cotton fiber was made into a membrane-like sheet in order to complete ellagic acid purification by using a binding-elution mode. The effects of operational parameters, such as the composition of the binding buffer/elution buffer, buffer pH, and buffer concentration, on the isolation process were investigated. It was found that 5 mmol/L sodium carbonate aqueous solution is a proper-binding buffer, and sodium hydroxide aqueous solution ranging from 0.04 to 0.06 mol/L is a suitable elution solution for ellagic acid purification. Under the optimized condition, the purity of ellagic acid increased significantly from 7.5% in the crude extract to 75.0-80.0%. The pH value was found to be a key parameter that determines the adsorption and desorption of ellagic acid. No organic solvent is involved in the entire purification process. Thus, a simple and environmentally friendly method is established for ellagic acid purification using a graphene oxide-modified biodegradable and bio-sourced fibrous adsorbent.

Alginate dialdehyde meets nylon membrane: a versatile platform for facile and green fabrication of membrane adsorbers

Alginate dialdehyde, a biocompatible polymer, is used as an intermediate layer on a nylon membrane to readily fabricate different membrane adsorbers.