1
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Russo M, Mendes-Corrêa MC, Lins BB, Kersten V, Pernambuco Filho PCA, Martins TR, Tozetto-Mendoza TR, Vilas Boas LS, Gomes BM, Dati LMM, Duarte-Neto AN, Reigado GR, Frederico ABT, de Brito e Cunha DRDA, de Paula AV, da Silva JIG, Vasconcelos CFM, Chambergo FS, Nunes VA, Ano Bom APD, Castilho LR, Martins RAP, Hirata MH, Mirotti L. Intranasal Liposomal Formulation of Spike Protein Adjuvanted with CpG Protects and Boosts Heterologous Immunity of hACE2 Transgenic Mice to SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1732. [PMID: 38006064 PMCID: PMC10675295 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11111732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucosal vaccination appears to be suitable to protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this study, we tested an intranasal mucosal vaccine candidate for COVID-19 that consisted of a cationic liposome containing a trimeric SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and CpG-ODNs, a Toll-like receptor 9 agonist, as an adjuvant. In vitro and in vivo experiments indicated the absence of toxicity following the intranasal administration of this vaccine formulation. First, we found that subcutaneous or intranasal vaccination protected hACE-2 transgenic mice from infection with the wild-type (Wuhan) SARS-CoV-2 strain, as shown by weight loss and mortality indicators. However, when compared with subcutaneous administration, the intranasal route was more effective in the pulmonary clearance of the virus and induced higher neutralizing antibodies and anti-S IgA titers. In addition, the intranasal vaccination afforded protection against gamma, delta, and omicron virus variants of concern. Furthermore, the intranasal vaccine formulation was superior to intramuscular vaccination with a recombinant, replication-deficient chimpanzee adenovirus vector encoding the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (Oxford/AstraZeneca) in terms of virus lung clearance and production of neutralizing antibodies in serum and bronchial alveolar lavage (BAL). Finally, the intranasal liposomal formulation boosted heterologous immunity induced by previous intramuscular vaccination with the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine, which was more robust than homologous immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momtchilo Russo
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo (ICB-USP), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Maria Cássia Mendes-Corrêa
- Laboratório de Virologia (LIM52), Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FM-USP), São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (M.C.M.-C.); (T.R.M.)
| | - Bruna B. Lins
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo (ICB-USP), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Victor Kersten
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo (ICB-USP), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Paulo C. A. Pernambuco Filho
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo (ICB-USP), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Toni Ricardo Martins
- Laboratório de Virologia (LIM52), Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FM-USP), São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (M.C.M.-C.); (T.R.M.)
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus 69080-900, Brazil
| | - Tânia Regina Tozetto-Mendoza
- Laboratório de Virologia (LIM52), Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FM-USP), São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (M.C.M.-C.); (T.R.M.)
| | - Lucy Santos Vilas Boas
- Laboratório de Virologia (LIM52), Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FM-USP), São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (M.C.M.-C.); (T.R.M.)
| | - Brisa Moreira Gomes
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo (ICB-USP), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Livia Mendonça Munhoz Dati
- Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicologicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas da Universidade de Sao Paulo (FCF-USP), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil (M.H.H.)
| | - Amaro Nunes Duarte-Neto
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FM-USP), São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Roncoli Reigado
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Universidade de São Paulo (EACH-USP), São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil (F.S.C.); (V.A.N.)
| | - Ana Beatriz T. Frederico
- Immunological Technology Laboratory, Institute of Immunobiological Technology (Bio-Manguinhos), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil (A.P.D.A.B.)
| | - Danielle R. de A. de Brito e Cunha
- Immunological Technology Laboratory, Institute of Immunobiological Technology (Bio-Manguinhos), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil (A.P.D.A.B.)
| | - Anderson Vicente de Paula
- Laboratório de Virologia (LIM52), Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FM-USP), São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil; (M.C.M.-C.); (T.R.M.)
| | - José Igor G. da Silva
- Programa de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil (R.A.P.M.)
| | - Carlos F. Moreira Vasconcelos
- Programa de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil (R.A.P.M.)
| | - Felipe S. Chambergo
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Universidade de São Paulo (EACH-USP), São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil (F.S.C.); (V.A.N.)
| | - Viviane Abreu Nunes
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Universidade de São Paulo (EACH-USP), São Paulo 03828-000, Brazil (F.S.C.); (V.A.N.)
| | - Ana Paula Dinis Ano Bom
- Immunological Technology Laboratory, Institute of Immunobiological Technology (Bio-Manguinhos), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil (A.P.D.A.B.)
| | - Leda R. Castilho
- Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil;
| | - Rodrigo A. P. Martins
- Programa de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil (R.A.P.M.)
| | - Mario Hiroyuki Hirata
- Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicologicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas da Universidade de Sao Paulo (FCF-USP), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil (M.H.H.)
| | - Luciana Mirotti
- Institute of Science and Technology in Biomodels (ICTB), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
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2
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Corsini CA, Filgueiras PS, Almeida NB, Miranda DAD, Gomes SV, Lourenço AJ, Bicalho CM, Assis JVD, Amorim RN, Silva RA, Vilela RV, Lima TM, Abreu DPD, Alvim RG, Castilho LR, Martins-Filho OA, Otta DA, Grenfell RF. Antibody response and soluble mediator profile in the first six months following acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18606. [PMID: 37903875 PMCID: PMC10616118 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43263-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a severe global health and economic crisis, with significant consequences for human mortality and morbidity. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more studies on the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, both to enhance its effectiveness and prevent its deleterious effects. This study presents the chronology of antibodies during six months after infection in hospitalized patients and the kinetics of serum soluble mediators of the cellular response triggered by SARS-CoV-2. Samples and clinical data from 330 patients hospitalized at the Hospital da Baleia in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, who were suspected of having COVID-19, were collected at the time of hospitalization and during 6 months after infection. The immune response was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and flow cytometry. There was a significant difference in IgM specific antibody titers from the 7th to 60th days after infection between COVID-19 negative and positive patients. Soon after 60 days after infection, antibody levels started to reduce, becoming similar to the antibody levels of the COVID-19 negative patients. IgG specific antibodies started to be detectable after 9 days of infection and antibody levels were comparatively higher in positive patients as soon as after 7 days. Furthermore, IgG levels remained higher in these patients during the complete period of 180 days after infection. The study observed similar antibody profiles between different patient groups. The soluble systemic biomarkers evaluated showed a decrease during the six months after hospitalization, except for CCL11, CXCL8, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, IL-6, IFN-g, IL-17, IL-5, FGF-basic, PDGF, VEGF, G-CSF, and GM-CSF. The results indicate that IgM antibodies are more prominent in the early stages of infection, while IgG antibodies persist for a longer period. Additionally, the study identified that patients with COVID-19 have elevated levels of biomarkers after symptom onset, which decrease over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila A Corsini
- Diagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), 1715 Augusto de Lima Avenue, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30190-002, Brazil
| | - Priscilla S Filgueiras
- Diagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), 1715 Augusto de Lima Avenue, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30190-002, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 6627 Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Nathalie Bf Almeida
- Diagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), 1715 Augusto de Lima Avenue, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30190-002, Brazil
| | - Daniel Ap de Miranda
- Diagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), 1715 Augusto de Lima Avenue, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30190-002, Brazil
| | - Sarah Vc Gomes
- Diagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), 1715 Augusto de Lima Avenue, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30190-002, Brazil
| | - Adelina Junia Lourenço
- Diagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), 1715 Augusto de Lima Avenue, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30190-002, Brazil
- Hospital da Baleia, Benjamin Guimarães Foundation, 1464 Juramento Street, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30285-408, Brazil
| | - Cecilia Mf Bicalho
- Hospital da Baleia, Benjamin Guimarães Foundation, 1464 Juramento Street, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30285-408, Brazil
| | - Jessica V de Assis
- Diagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), 1715 Augusto de Lima Avenue, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30190-002, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 6627 Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Raquel Nh Amorim
- Diagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), 1715 Augusto de Lima Avenue, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30190-002, Brazil
| | - Raphael A Silva
- Hospital da Baleia, Benjamin Guimarães Foundation, 1464 Juramento Street, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30285-408, Brazil
| | - Raquel Vr Vilela
- Hospital da Baleia, Benjamin Guimarães Foundation, 1464 Juramento Street, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30285-408, Brazil
| | - Tulio M Lima
- Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 550 Pedro Calmon Avenue, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Daniel Pb de Abreu
- Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 550 Pedro Calmon Avenue, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Renata Gf Alvim
- Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 550 Pedro Calmon Avenue, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Leda R Castilho
- Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 550 Pedro Calmon Avenue, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Olindo A Martins-Filho
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisa em Biomarcadores, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), 1715 Augusto de Lima Avenue, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30190-002, Brazil
| | - Dayane A Otta
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisa em Biomarcadores, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), 1715 Augusto de Lima Avenue, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30190-002, Brazil
| | - Rafaella Fq Grenfell
- Diagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), 1715 Augusto de Lima Avenue, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30190-002, Brazil.
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 6627 Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 501 DW Brooks Drive, Athens, GA, 30602-7387, USA.
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3
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Arruda HR, Lima TM, Alvim RG, Victorio FB, Abreu DP, Marsili FF, Cruz KD, Marques MA, Sosa-Acosta P, Quinones-Vega M, de S. Guedes J, Nogueira FC, Silva JL, Castilho LR, de Oliveira GA. Conformational stability of SARS-CoV-2 glycoprotein spike variants. iScience 2022; 26:105696. [PMCID: PMC9710096 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome spread worldwide, causing a pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 mutations have arisen in the spike, a glycoprotein at the viral envelope and an antigenic candidate for vaccines against COVID-19. Here, we present comparative data of the glycosylated full-length ancestral and D614G spike together with three other transmissible strains classified by the World Health Organization as variants of concern: beta, gamma, and delta. By showing that D614G has less hydrophobic surface exposure and trimer persistence, we place D614G with features that support a model of temporary fitness advantage for virus spillover. Further, during the SARS-CoV-2 adaptation, the spike accumulates alterations leading to less structural stability for some variants. The decreased trimer stability of the ancestral and gamma and the presence of D614G uncoupled conformations mean higher ACE-2 affinities compared to the beta and delta strains. Mapping the energetics and flexibility of variants is necessary to improve vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiam R.S. Arruda
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, National Center of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Jiri Jonas, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Tulio M. Lima
- Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-598, Brazil,EPQB Program, School of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Renata G.F. Alvim
- Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Fernanda B.A. Victorio
- Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Daniel P.B. Abreu
- Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Federico F. Marsili
- Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-598, Brazil,Biochemistry Program, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Karen D. Cruz
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, National Center of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Jiri Jonas, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Mayra A. Marques
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, National Center of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Jiri Jonas, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Patricia Sosa-Acosta
- Biochemistry Program, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-909, Brazil,Laboratory of Proteomics (LabProt), LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Quinones-Vega
- Biochemistry Program, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-909, Brazil,Laboratory of Proteomics (LabProt), LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Jéssica de S. Guedes
- Biochemistry Program, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-909, Brazil,Laboratory of Proteomics (LabProt), LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Fábio C.S. Nogueira
- Biochemistry Program, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-909, Brazil,Laboratory of Proteomics (LabProt), LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Jerson L. Silva
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, National Center of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Jiri Jonas, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Leda R. Castilho
- Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-598, Brazil,Biochemistry Program, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-909, Brazil,Corresponding authors: Guilherme A. P. de Oliveiraand Leda R. Castilho
| | - Guilherme A.P. de Oliveira
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, National Center of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Jiri Jonas, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil,Corresponding authors: Guilherme A. P. de Oliveiraand Leda R. Castilho
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4
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Grenfell RFQ, Almeida NBF, Filgueiras PS, Corsini CA, Gomes SVC, de Miranda DAP, Lourenço AJ, Martins-Filho OA, de Oliveira JG, Teixeira-Carvalho A, Campos GRF, Nogueira ML, Alves PA, Fernandes GR, Castilho LR, Lima TM, de Abreu DPB, Alvim RGF, Silva TBDS, Jeremias WDJ, Otta DA, Campi-Azevedo AC. Immunogenicity, Effectiveness, and Safety of Inactivated Virus (CoronaVac) Vaccine in a Two-Dose Primary Protocol and BNT162b2 Heterologous Booster in Brazil (Immunita-001): A One Year Period Follow Up Phase 4 Study. Front Immunol 2022; 13:918896. [PMID: 35757764 PMCID: PMC9218743 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.918896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Effective and safe vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are critical to controlling the COVID-19 pandemic and will remain the most important tool in limiting the spread of the virus long after the pandemic is over. Methods We bring pioneering contributions on the maintenance of the immune response over a year on a real-life basis study in 1,587 individuals (18-90 yrs, median 39 yrs; 1,208 female/379 male) who underwent vaccination with two doses of CoronaVac and BNT162b2 booster after 6-months of primary protocol. Findings Elevated levels of anti-spike IgG antibodies were detected after CoronaVac vaccination, which significantly decreased after 80 days and remained stable until the introduction of the booster dose. Heterologous booster restored antibody titers up to-1·7-fold, changing overall seropositivity to 96%. Titers of neutralising antibodies to the Omicron variant were lower in all timepoints than those against Delta variant. Individuals presenting neutralising antibodies against Omicron also presented the highest titers against Delta and anti-Spike IgG. Cellular immune response measurement pointed out a mixed immune profile with a robust release of chemokines, cytokines, and growth factors on the first month after CoronaVac vaccination followed by a gradual reduction over time and no increase after the booster dose. A stronger interaction between those mediators was noted over time. Prior exposure to the virus leaded to a more robust cellular immune response and a rise in antibody levels 60 days post CoronaVac than in individuals with no previous COVID-19. Both vaccines were safe and well tolerated among individuals. Interpretation Our data approach the effectiveness of CoronaVac association with BNT162b2 from the clinical and biological perspectives, aspects that have important implications for informing decisions about vaccine boosters. Funding Fiocruz, Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaella F Q Grenfell
- Diagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Nathalie B F Almeida
- Diagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Priscilla S Filgueiras
- Diagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Camila A Corsini
- Diagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Sarah V C Gomes
- Diagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Daniel A P de Miranda
- Diagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Adelina J Lourenço
- Hospital da Baleia, Benjamin Guimarães Foundation, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Olindo A Martins-Filho
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisa em Biomarcadores, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Jaquelline G de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Molecular, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Andrea Teixeira-Carvalho
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisa em Biomarcadores, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Guilherme R F Campos
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia (LPV), Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP)São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Mauricio L Nogueira
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia (LPV), Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP)São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil.,Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Pedro Augusto Alves
- Imunologia de Doenças Virais, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gabriel R Fernandes
- Diagnosis and Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Biosystems Informatics, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Leda R Castilho
- Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory (COPPE), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tulio M Lima
- Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory (COPPE), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniel P B de Abreu
- Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory (COPPE), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata G F Alvim
- Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory (COPPE), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Wander de J Jeremias
- Laboratório de farmacologia experimental, College of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Dayane A Otta
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisa em Biomarcadores, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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5
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Cunha LER, Stolet AA, Strauch MA, Pereira VA, Dumard CH, Gomes AM, Monteiro FL, Higa LM, Souza PN, Fonseca JG, Pontes FE, Meirelles LG, Albuquerque JW, Sacramento CQ, Fintelman-Rodrigues N, Lima TM, Alvim RG, Marsili FF, Caldeira MM, Zingali RB, de Oliveira GA, Souza TM, Silva AS, Muller R, Rodrigues DDRF, Jesus da Costa L, Alves ADR, Pinto MA, Oliveira AC, Guedes HL, Tanuri A, Castilho LR, Silva JL. Polyclonal F(ab') 2 fragments of equine antibodies raised against the spike protein neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants with high potency. iScience 2021; 24:103315. [PMID: 34723156 PMCID: PMC8539203 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We used the recombinant trimeric spike (S) glycoprotein in the prefusion conformation to immunize horses for the production of hyperimmune globulins against SARS-CoV-2. Serum antibody titers measured by ELISA were above 1:106, and the neutralizing antibody titer against authentic virus (WT) was 1:14,604 (average PRNT90). Plasma from immunized animals was pepsin digested to remove the Fc portion and purified, yielding an F(ab')2 preparation with PRNT90 titers 150-fold higher than the neutralizing titers in human convalescent plasma. Challenge studies were carried out in hamsters and showed the in vivo ability of equine F(ab')2 to reduce viral load in the pulmonary tissues and significant clinical improvement determined by weight gain. The neutralization curve by F(ab')2 was similar against the WT and P.2 variants, but displaced to higher concentrations by 0.39 log units against the P.1 (Gamma) variant. These results support the possibility of using equine F(ab')2 preparation for the clinical treatment of COVID patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Victor A.R. Pereira
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Center of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Jiri Jonas, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Carlos H. Dumard
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Center of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Jiri Jonas, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Andre M.O. Gomes
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Center of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Jiri Jonas, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Fábio L. Monteiro
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Luiza M. Higa
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Carolina Q. Sacramento
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900, Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation in Diseases of Neglected Populations (INCT/IDPN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Natalia Fintelman-Rodrigues
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900, Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation in Diseases of Neglected Populations (INCT/IDPN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Tulio M. Lima
- Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Renata G.F. Alvim
- Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Federico F. Marsili
- Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Marcella Moreira Caldeira
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Center of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Jiri Jonas, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Russolina B. Zingali
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Center of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Jiri Jonas, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Guilherme A.P. de Oliveira
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Center of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Jiri Jonas, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Thiago M.L. Souza
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900, Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation in Diseases of Neglected Populations (INCT/IDPN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Alexandre S. Silva
- Laboratory of Technological Development in Virology (LADTV), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Muller
- Animal Experimentation Laboratory (LAEAN), Institute of Technology in Immunobiologicals, Bio-Manguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Daniela del Rosário Flores Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Technological Development in Virology (LADTV), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Luciana Jesus da Costa
- Department of Virology, Laboratory of Genetics and Immunology of Viral Infections, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Goes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 21941902 , Brazil
| | - Arthur Daniel R. Alves
- Laboratory of Technological Development in Virology (LADTV), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Alves Pinto
- Laboratory of Technological Development in Virology (LADTV), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Andréa C. Oliveira
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Center of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Jiri Jonas, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Herbert L.M. Guedes
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
- Immunobiotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Goes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
- Interdisciplinary Medical Research Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Amilcar Tanuri
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901, Brazil
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Leda R. Castilho
- Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-598, Brazil
| | - Jerson L. Silva
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, National Center of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Jiri Jonas, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901, Brazil
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6
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Cavazzoni CB, Bozza VB, Lucas TC, Conde L, Maia B, Mesin L, Schiepers A, Ersching J, Neris RL, Conde JN, Coelho DR, Lima TM, Alvim RG, Castilho LR, de Paula Neto HA, Mohana-Borges R, Assunção-Miranda I, Nobrega A, Victora GD, Vale AM. The immunodominant antibody response to Zika virus NS1 protein is characterized by cross-reactivity to self. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20210580. [PMID: 34292314 PMCID: PMC8302445 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20210580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides antigen-specific responses to viral antigens, humoral immune response in virus infection can generate polyreactive and autoreactive antibodies. Dengue and Zika virus infections have been linked to antibody-mediated autoimmune disorders, including Guillain-Barré syndrome. A unique feature of flaviviruses is the secretion of nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) by infected cells. NS1 is highly immunogenic, and antibodies targeting NS1 can have both protective and pathogenic roles. In the present study, we investigated the humoral immune response to Zika virus NS1 and found NS1 to be an immunodominant viral antigen associated with the presence of autoreactive antibodies. Through single B cell cultures, we coupled binding assays and BCR sequencing, confirming the immunodominance of NS1. We demonstrate the presence of self-reactive clones in germinal centers after both infection and immunization, some of which present cross-reactivity with NS1. Sequence analysis of anti-NS1 B cell clones showed sequence features associated with pathogenic autoreactive antibodies. Our findings demonstrate NS1 immunodominance at the cellular level as well as a potential role for NS1 in ZIKV-associated autoimmune manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia B. Cavazzoni
- Laboratório de Biologia de Linfócitos, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Vicente B.T. Bozza
- Laboratório de Biologia de Linfócitos, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tostes C.V. Lucas
- Laboratório de Biologia de Linfócitos, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luciana Conde
- Laboratório de Biologia de Linfócitos, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruno Maia
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luka Mesin
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Ariën Schiepers
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Jonatan Ersching
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Romulo L.S. Neris
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jonas N. Conde
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Diego R. Coelho
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tulio M. Lima
- Programa de Engenharia Química, Laboratório de Engenharia de Cultivos Celulares, Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata G.F. Alvim
- Programa de Engenharia Química, Laboratório de Engenharia de Cultivos Celulares, Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leda R. Castilho
- Programa de Engenharia Química, Laboratório de Engenharia de Cultivos Celulares, Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Heitor A. de Paula Neto
- Laboratório de Alvos Moleculares, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Mohana-Borges
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Iranaia Assunção-Miranda
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alberto Nobrega
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriel D. Victora
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Andre M. Vale
- Laboratório de Biologia de Linfócitos, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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7
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Alvim RGF, Lima TM, Silva JL, de Oliveira GAP, Castilho LR. Process intensification for the production of yellow fever virus-like particles as potential recombinant vaccine antigen. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:3581-3592. [PMID: 34143442 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Yellow fever (YF) is a life-threatening viral disease endemic in parts of Africa and Latin America. Although there is a very efficacious vaccine since the 1930s, YF still causes 29,000-60,000 annual deaths. During recent YF outbreaks there were issues of vaccine shortage of the current egg-derived vaccine; rare but fatal vaccine adverse effects occurred; and cases were imported to Asia, where the circulating mosquito vector could potentially start local transmission. Here we investigated the production of YF virus-like particles (VLPs) using stably transfected HEK293 cells. Process intensification was achieved by combining sequential FACS (fluorescence-activated cell sorting) rounds to enrich the stable cell pool in terms of high producers and the use of perfusion processes. At shaken-tube scale, FACS enrichment of cells allowed doubling VLP production, and pseudoperfusion cultivation (with daily medium exchange) further increased VLP production by 9.3-fold as compared to batch operation mode. At perfusion bioreactor scale, the use of an inclined settler as cell retention device showed operational advantages over an ATF system. A one-step steric exclusion chromatography purification allowed significant removal of impurities and is a promising technique for future integration of upstream and downstream operations. Characterization by different techniques confirmed the identity and 3D-structure of the purified VLPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata G F Alvim
- COPPE, PEQ, Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory (LECC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Túlio M Lima
- COPPE, PEQ, Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory (LECC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,School of Chemistry (EQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jerson L Silva
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis (IBqM), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Guilherme A P de Oliveira
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis (IBqM), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leda R Castilho
- COPPE, PEQ, Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory (LECC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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8
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Fahad AS, Timm MR, Madan B, Burgomaster KE, Dowd KA, Normandin E, Gutiérrez-González MF, Pennington JM, De Souza MO, Henry AR, Laboune F, Wang L, Ambrozak DR, Gordon IJ, Douek DC, Ledgerwood JE, Graham BS, Castilho LR, Pierson TC, Mascola JR, DeKosky BJ. Functional Profiling of Antibody Immune Repertoires in Convalescent Zika Virus Disease Patients. Front Immunol 2021; 12:615102. [PMID: 33732238 PMCID: PMC7959826 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.615102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The re-emergence of Zika virus (ZIKV) caused widespread infections that were linked to Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults and congenital malformation in fetuses, and epidemiological data suggest that ZIKV infection can induce protective antibody responses. A more detailed understanding of anti-ZIKV antibody responses may lead to enhanced antibody discovery and improved vaccine designs against ZIKV and related flaviviruses. Here, we applied recently-invented library-scale antibody screening technologies to determine comprehensive functional molecular and genetic profiles of naturally elicited human anti-ZIKV antibodies in three convalescent individuals. We leveraged natively paired antibody yeast display and NGS to predict antibody cross-reactivities and coarse-grain antibody affinities, to perform in-depth immune profiling of IgM, IgG, and IgA antibody repertoires in peripheral blood, and to reveal virus maturation state-dependent antibody interactions. Repertoire-scale comparison of ZIKV VLP-specific and non-specific antibodies in the same individuals also showed that mean antibody somatic hypermutation levels were substantially influenced by donor-intrinsic characteristics. These data provide insights into antiviral antibody responses to ZIKV disease and outline systems-level strategies to track human antibody immune responses to emergent viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S. Fahad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - Morgan R. Timm
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Bharat Madan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - Katherine E. Burgomaster
- Viral Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Kimberly A. Dowd
- Viral Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Erica Normandin
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | | | - Joseph M. Pennington
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | | | - Amy R. Henry
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Farida Laboune
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Lingshu Wang
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - David R. Ambrozak
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ingelise J. Gordon
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Daniel C. Douek
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Julie E. Ledgerwood
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Barney S. Graham
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Leda R. Castilho
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, COPPE, Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Theodore C. Pierson
- Viral Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - John R. Mascola
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Brandon J. DeKosky
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
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9
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Cunha LER, Stolet AA, Strauch MA, Pereira VAR, Dumard CH, Gomes AMO, Souza PNC, Fonseca JG, Pontes FE, Meirelles LGR, Albuquerque JWM, Sacramento CQ, Fintelman-rodrigues N, Lima TM, Alvim RGF, Marsili FF, Caldeira MM, Higa LM, Monteiro FL, Zingali RB, de Oliveira GAP, Souza TML, Tanuri A, Oliveira AC, Guedes HLM, Castilho LR, Silva JL. Potent neutralizing equine antibodies raised against recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike protein for COVID-19 passive immunization therapy.. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.17.254375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
AbstractWe used the trimeric spike (S) glycoprotein (residues 1-1208) in the prefusion conformation to immunize horses for production of hyperimmune globulins against SARS-CoV-2. Serum antibody titers measured by anti-spike ELISA were above 1:1,000,000, and neutralizing antibody titer was 1:14,604 (average PRNT90), which is 140-fold higher than the average neutralizing titer of plasma from three convalescent COVID-19 patients analyzed for comparison. Using the same technology routinely used for industrial production of other horse hyperimmune products, plasma from immunized animals was pepsin digested to remove the Fc portion and purified, yielding a F(ab’)2 preparation with PRNT90 titers 150-fold higher than the neutralizing titers in human convalescent plasma. Repeating the hyperimmunization in a second group of horses confirmed the very high neutralizing titers in serum and in a GMP clinical F(ab’)2 lot. Virus-neutralizing activity in samples from mice that received the F(ab’)2 preparation was detected even three days after injection, indicating an appropriate half-life for therapeutic intervention. These results supported the design of a clinical trial (identifier NCT04573855) to evaluate safety and efficacy of this horse F(ab’)2 preparation.
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10
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Bettinardi IW, Castan A, Medronho RA, Castilho LR. Hydrocyclones as cell retention device for CHO perfusion processes in single‐use bioreactors. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 117:1915-1928. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.27335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ioná W. Bettinardi
- COPPE/PEQ, Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory (LECC)Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Andreas Castan
- BioProcess R&DGE Healthcare Bio‐Sciences AB Uppsala Sweden
| | - Ricardo A. Medronho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of ChemistryFederal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Leda R. Castilho
- COPPE/PEQ, Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory (LECC)Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
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11
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do Nascimento Silva J, Mascarin GM, de Paula Vieira de Castro R, Castilho LR, Freire DM. Novel combination of a biosurfactant with entomopathogenic fungi enhances efficacy against Bemisia whitefly. Pest Manag Sci 2019; 75:2882-2891. [PMID: 31038255 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbial surfactants are multifunctional surface-active molecules that have been overlooked in formulating microbial biopesticides. We report a novel approach using the biosurfactant rhamnolipid (RML) against the destructive cosmopolitan insect pest Bemisia tabaci, as well as the combined action of RML with aerial conidia of two entomopathogenic fungi, Cordyceps javanica and Beauveria bassiana. RML was also tested as a suspension agent to improve the recovery rate of conidia from solid substrate for fungal preparations. RESULTS The recovery rate of conidia increased dramatically (two to five times) with RML compared with a standard surfactant (Tween 80). Spraying solutions of 0.075% and 0.1% (w/v) RML on B. tabaci third instar nymphs induced 100% mortality within 4 days. Conidial suspensions at 5 × 106 conidia/mL amended with RML at 0.01% or 0.05% markedly increased nymphal mortalities and considerably reduced LC50 . Conidial suspensions of B. bassiana with 0.05% RML added were more effective against whitefly nymphs (87.3% mortality) than C. javanica + RML (51.4% mortality). CONCLUSION Our results show that this bacterium-based RML improved the recovery rate of hydrophobic conidia, and that mixtures of RML with fungal spore suspensions increased their insecticidal activity. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Leda R Castilho
- COPPE, Chemical Engineering Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Denise Mg Freire
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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12
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Coronel J, Heinrich C, Klausing S, Noll T, Figueredo‐Cardero A, Castilho LR. Perfusion process combining low temperature and valeric acid for enhanced recombinant factor VIII production. Biotechnol Prog 2019; 36:e2915. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Coronel
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), COPPECell Culture Engineering Laboratory Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | | | | | - Thomas Noll
- Bielefeld UniversityInstitute of Cell Culture Technology, Universitätsstraße 25 Bielefeld Germany
| | | | - Leda R. Castilho
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), COPPECell Culture Engineering Laboratory Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
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13
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Lima TM, Souza MO, Castilho LR. Purification of flavivirus VLPs by a two-step chomatographic process. Vaccine 2019; 37:7061-7069. [PMID: 31201056 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Flaviviruses are enveloped viruses with positive-sense, single-stranded RNA, which are most commonly transmitted by infected mosquitoes. Zika virus (ZIKV) and yellow fever virus (YFV) are flaviviruses that have caused significant outbreaks in the last few years. Since there is no approved vaccine against ZIKV, and since the existing YF attenuated vaccine presents disadvantages related to limited supply and to rare, but fatal adverse effects, there is an urgent need for new vaccines to control these diseases. Virus-like particles (VLPs) represent a recombinant platform to produce safe and immunogenic vaccines. Thus, based on our experience of expressing in recombinant mammalian cells VLPs of most flaviviruses circulating in the Americas, this work focused on the evaluation of chromatographic purification processes for zika and yellow-fever VLPs. The clarified cell culture supernatant was processed by a membrane-based anion-exchange chromatography and then a multimodal chromatographic step. With this process, it was possible to obtain the purified VLPs with a yield (including the clarification step) of 66.4% for zika and 68.1% for yellow fever. DNA clearance was in the range of 99.8-99.9%, providing VLP preparations that meet the WHO limit for this critical contaminant. Correct size and morphology of the purified VLPs were confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The promising results obtained for both zika and yellow fever VLPs indicate that this process could be potentially applied also to VLPs of other flaviviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Túlio M Lima
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), COPPE, Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, Av. Horácio Macedo, 2030 sl. G115, 21941-598, Cidade Universitária, Brazil; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), EQ, EPQB Graduate Program, Av. Horácio Macedo, 2030 sl. E206, 21941-598, Cidade Universitária, Brazil
| | - Matheus O Souza
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), COPPE, Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, Av. Horácio Macedo, 2030 sl. G115, 21941-598, Cidade Universitária, Brazil
| | - Leda R Castilho
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), COPPE, Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, Av. Horácio Macedo, 2030 sl. G115, 21941-598, Cidade Universitária, Brazil.
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14
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Pato TP, Souza MC, Mattos DA, Caride E, Ferreira DF, Gaspar LP, Freire MS, Castilho LR. Purification of yellow fever virus produced in Vero cells for inactivated vaccine manufacture. Vaccine 2019; 37:3214-3220. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.04.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Nikolay A, Castilho LR, Reichl U, Genzel Y. Propagation of Brazilian Zika virus strains in static and suspension cultures using Vero and BHK cells. Vaccine 2018; 36:3140-3145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Ribeiro DA, Passos DF, Ferraz HC, Castilho LR. Intermediate purification of CHO-derived recombinant human Factor IX using hydrophobic interaction membrane-based chromatography and its comparison to a sulfated resin. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:2900-2908. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Ribeiro
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), COPPE, Chemical Engineering Program; Rio de Janeiro/RJ Brazil
| | - Douglas F. Passos
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), COPPE, Chemical Engineering Program; Rio de Janeiro/RJ Brazil
| | - Helen C. Ferraz
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), COPPE, Chemical Engineering Program; Rio de Janeiro/RJ Brazil
| | - Leda R. Castilho
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), COPPE, Chemical Engineering Program; Rio de Janeiro/RJ Brazil
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17
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Hughson MD, Cruz TA, Carvalho RJ, Castilho LR. Development of a 3-step straight-through purification strategy combining membrane adsorbers and resins. Biotechnol Prog 2017; 33:931-940. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael D. Hughson
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ); COPPE, Chemical Engineering Program, Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory; Ilha do Fundao Rio de Janeiro 21941-972 Brazil
| | - Thayana A. Cruz
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ); COPPE, Chemical Engineering Program, Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory; Ilha do Fundao Rio de Janeiro 21941-972 Brazil
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), IQ, Biochemistry Program; Ilha do Fundao Rio de Janeiro 21941-909 Brazil
| | - Rimenys J. Carvalho
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ); COPPE, Chemical Engineering Program, Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory; Ilha do Fundao Rio de Janeiro 21941-972 Brazil
| | - Leda R. Castilho
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ); COPPE, Chemical Engineering Program, Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory; Ilha do Fundao Rio de Janeiro 21941-972 Brazil
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), IQ, Biochemistry Program; Ilha do Fundao Rio de Janeiro 21941-909 Brazil
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18
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Almeida AG, Pinto RCV, Smales CM, Castilho LR. Investigations into, and development of, a lyophilized and formulated recombinant human factor IX produced from CHO cells. Biotechnol Lett 2017; 39:1109-1120. [PMID: 28484912 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-017-2353-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop a recombinant human factor IX (rFIX) formulation equivalent to commercially available products in terms of cake appearance, residual moisture, proportion of soluble aggregates and activity maintenance for 3 months at 4-8 °C. RESULTS NaCl and low bulking agent/cryoprotectant mass ratio had a negative impact on cake quality upon lyophilisation for a wide range of formulations tested. Particular devised formulations maintained rFIX activity after lyophilization with a similar performance when compared with the rFIX formulated using the excipients reported for a commercially available FIX formulation (Benefix). rFIX remained active after 3 months when stored at 4 °C, though this was not the case with samples stored at 40 °C. Interestingly, particular formulations had an increase in residual moisture after 3 months storage, but not above a 3% threshold. All four formulations tested were equivalent to the Benefix formulation in terms of particle size distribution and cake appearance. CONCLUSIONS Three specific formulations, consisting of surfactant polysorbate-80, sucrose or trehalose as cryoprotectant, mannitol or glycine as bulking agent, L-histidine as buffering agent, and NaCl added in the reconstitution liquid at 0.234% (w/v) were suitable for use with a CHO cell-derived recombinant FIX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline G Almeida
- Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, COPPE, PEQ, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cx. Postal 68502, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-972, Brazil.,IQ, Biochemistry Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo C V Pinto
- FIOCRUZ, Biomanguinhos, Av. Brasil 4365, Pav. Rocha Lima, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - C Mark Smales
- Industrial Biotechnology Centre and School of Biosciences, University of Kent at Canterbury, Canterbury, CT2 7NJ, UK.
| | - Leda R Castilho
- Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, COPPE, PEQ, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cx. Postal 68502, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-972, Brazil.,IQ, Biochemistry Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-909, Brazil
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19
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Dowd KA, Ko SY, Morabito KM, Yang ES, Pelc RS, DeMaso CR, Castilho LR, Abbink P, Boyd M, Nityanandam R, Gordon DN, Gallagher JR, Chen X, Todd JP, Tsybovsky Y, Harris A, Huang YJS, Higgs S, Vanlandingham DL, Andersen H, Lewis MG, De La Barrera R, Eckels KH, Jarman RG, Nason MC, Barouch DH, Roederer M, Kong WP, Mascola JR, Pierson TC, Graham BS. Rapid development of a DNA vaccine for Zika virus. Science 2016; 354:237-240. [PMID: 27708058 DOI: 10.1126/science.aai9137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) was identified as a cause of congenital disease during the explosive outbreak in the Americas and Caribbean that began in 2015. Because of the ongoing fetal risk from endemic disease and travel-related exposures, a vaccine to prevent viremia in women of childbearing age and their partners is imperative. We found that vaccination with DNA expressing the premembrane and envelope proteins of ZIKV was immunogenic in mice and nonhuman primates, and protection against viremia after ZIKV challenge correlated with serum neutralizing activity. These data not only indicate that DNA vaccination could be a successful approach to protect against ZIKV infection, but also suggest a protective threshold of vaccine-induced neutralizing activity that prevents viremia after acute infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Dowd
- Viral Pathogenesis Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sung-Youl Ko
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kaitlyn M Morabito
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Eun Sung Yang
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rebecca S Pelc
- Viral Pathogenesis Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Christina R DeMaso
- Viral Pathogenesis Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Leda R Castilho
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, COPPE (Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia), Chemical Engineering Program, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Peter Abbink
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Michael Boyd
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ramya Nityanandam
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - David N Gordon
- Viral Pathogenesis Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John Robert Gallagher
- Structural Informatics Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xuejun Chen
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John-Paul Todd
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yaroslav Tsybovsky
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Audray Harris
- Structural Informatics Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yan-Jang S Huang
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Stephen Higgs
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Dana L Vanlandingham
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | | | | | - Rafael De La Barrera
- Translational Medicine Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Kenneth H Eckels
- Translational Medicine Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Richard G Jarman
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Martha C Nason
- Biostatistics Research Branch, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Dan H Barouch
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Mario Roederer
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Wing-Pui Kong
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John R Mascola
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Theodore C Pierson
- Viral Pathogenesis Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Barney S Graham
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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20
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Lages YM, Nascimento JM, Lemos GA, Galina A, Castilho LR, Rehen SK. Low oxygen alters mitochondrial function and response to oxidative stress in human neural progenitor cells. PeerJ 2015; 3:e1486. [PMID: 26713239 PMCID: PMC4690376 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen concentration should be carefully regulated in all living tissues, beginning at the early embryonic stages. Unbalances in oxygen regulation can lead to cell death and disease. However, to date, few studies have investigated the consequences of variations in oxygen levels for fetal-like cells. Therefore, in the present work, human neural progenitor cells (NPCs) derived from pluripotent stem cells grown in 3% oxygen (v/v) were compared with NPCs cultured in 21% (v/v) oxygen. Low oxygen concentrations altered the mitochondrial content and oxidative functions of the cells, which led to improved ATP production, while reducing generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). NPCs cultured in both conditions showed no differences in proliferation and glucose metabolism. Furthermore, antioxidant enzymatic activity was not altered in NPCs cultured in 3% oxygen under normal conditions, however, when exposed to external agents known to induce oxidative stress, greater susceptibility to DNA damage was observed. Our findings indicate that the management of oxygen levels should be considered for in vitro models of neuronal development and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury M Lages
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, RJ , Brazil
| | | | - Gabriela A Lemos
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo De Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, RJ , Brazil
| | - Antonio Galina
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo De Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, RJ , Brazil
| | - Leda R Castilho
- COPPE, Chemical Engineering Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, RJ , Brazil
| | - Stevens K Rehen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, RJ , Brazil ; IDOR, D'Or Institute for Research and Education , Rio de Janeiro, RJ , Brazil
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21
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Mattos DA, Silva MV, Gaspar LP, Castilho LR. Increasing Vero viable cell densities for yellow fever virus production in stirred-tank bioreactors using serum-free medium. Vaccine 2015; 33:4288-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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22
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de Castro AM, Castilho LR, Freire DMG. Multivariate optimization and supplementation strategies for the simultaneous production of amylases, cellulases, xylanases, and proteases by Aspergillus awamori under solid-state fermentation conditions. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 175:1588-602. [PMID: 25413792 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1368-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The production of extracts containing a pool of enzymes for extensive biomass deconstruction can lead to significant advantages in biorefinery applications. In this work, a strain of Aspergillus awamori IOC-3914 was used for the simultaneous production of five groups of hydrolases by solid-state fermentation of babassu cake. Sequential experimental design strategies and multivariate optimization using the desirability function were first used to study temperature, moisture content, and granulometry. After that, further improvements in product yields were achieved by supplementation with other agro-industrial materials. At the end of the study, the production of enzymes was up to 3.3-fold increased, and brewer's spent grains and babassu flour showed to be the best supplements. Maximum activities for endoamylases, exoamylases, cellulases (CMCases), xylanases, and proteases achieved were 197, 106, 20, 835, and 57 U g(-1), respectively. The strain was also able to produce β-glucosidases and debranching amylases (up to 35 and 43 U g(-1), respectively), indicating the potential of its enzyme pool for cellulose and starch degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Machado de Castro
- Biotechnology Division, Research and Development Center, PETROBRAS, Av. Horácio Macedo, 950. Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-915, Brazil,
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23
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Figueredo-Cardero A, Martínez E, Chico E, Castilho LR, Medronho RA. Rotating cylindrical filters used in perfusion cultures: CFD simulations and experiments. Biotechnol Prog 2014; 30:1093-102. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.1945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alvio Figueredo-Cardero
- Therapeutic Antibody Unit, Center of Molecular Immunology; AP 16040, 11600 Havana Cuba
- Chemical Engineering Dept; School of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Edel Martínez
- Therapeutic Antibody Unit, Center of Molecular Immunology; AP 16040, 11600 Havana Cuba
| | - Ernesto Chico
- Therapeutic Antibody Unit, Center of Molecular Immunology; AP 16040, 11600 Havana Cuba
| | - Leda R. Castilho
- Chemical Engineering Program, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro; Brazil
| | - Ricardo A. Medronho
- Chemical Engineering Dept; School of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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24
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Ribeiro DA, Passos DF, Ferraz HC, Castilho LR. Anion-exchange purification of recombinant factor IX from cell culture supernatant using different chromatography supports. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 938:111-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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25
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Langier S, Galvani RG, Alves APG, Fidelis R, Nunes PHC, Silva MH, Castilho LR, Monteiro JP, Bonomo A. Prolonged acceptance of skin grafts induced by B cells places regulatory T cells on the histopathology scene. Braz J Med Biol Res 2012; 45:942-7. [PMID: 22641417 PMCID: PMC3854184 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2012007500089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The participation of regulatory T (Treg) cells in B cell-induced T cell tolerance has been claimed in different models. In skin grafts, naive B cells were shown to induce graft tolerance. However, neither the contribution of Treg cells to B cell-induced skin tolerance nor their contribution to the histopathological diagnosis of graft acceptance has been addressed. Here, using male C57BL/6 naive B cells to tolerize female animals, we show that skin graft tolerance is dependent on CD25+ Treg cell activity and independent of B cell-derived IL-10. In fact, B cells from IL-10-deficient mice were able to induce skin graft tolerance while Treg depletion of the host inhibited 100% graft survival. We questioned how Treg cell-mediated tolerance would impact on histopathology. B cell-tolerized skin grafts showed pathological scores as high as a rejected skin from naive, non-tolerized mice due to loss of skin appendages, reduced keratinization and mononuclear cell infiltrate. However, in tolerized mice, 40% of graft infiltrating CD4+ cells were FoxP3+ Treg cells with a high Treg:Teff (effector T cell) ratio (6:1) as compared to nontolerized mice where Tregs comprise less than 8% of total infiltrating CD4 cells with a Treg:Teff ratio below 1:1. These results render Treg cells an obligatory target for histopathological studies on tissue rejection that may help to diagnose and predict the outcome of a transplanted organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Langier
- Programa de Medicina Experimental, Coordenação Geral Técnico-Científica, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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26
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Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) are multiprotein structures that mimic the organization and conformation of authentic native viruses but lack the viral genome, potentially yielding safer and cheaper vaccine candidates. A handful of prophylactic VLP-based vaccines is currently commercialized worldwide: GlaxoSmithKline's Engerix (hepatitis B virus) and Cervarix (human papillomavirus), and Merck and Co., Inc.'s Recombivax HB (hepatitis B virus) and Gardasil (human papillomavirus) are some examples. Other VLP-based vaccine candidates are in clinical trials or undergoing preclinical evaluation, such as, influenza virus, parvovirus, Norwalk and various chimeric VLPs. Many others are still restricted to small-scale fundamental research, despite their success in preclinical tests. This article focuses on the essential role of VLP technology in new-generation vaccines against prevalent and emergent diseases. The implications of large-scale VLP production are discussed in the context of process control, monitorization and optimization. The main up- and down-stream technical challenges are identified and discussed accordingly. Successful VLP-based vaccine blockbusters are briefly presented concomitantly with the latest results from clinical trials and the recent developments in chimeric VLP-based technology for either therapeutic or prophylactic vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- António Roldão
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica/Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Apartado 127, P-2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal
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27
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Marinho PAN, Fernandes AM, Cruz JC, Rehen SK, Castilho LR. Maintenance of pluripotency in mouse embryonic stem cells cultivated in stirred microcarrier cultures. Biotechnol Prog 2010; 26:548-55. [PMID: 20014096 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The development of efficient and reproducible culture systems for embryonic stem (ES) cells is an essential pre-requisite for regenerative medicine. Culture scale-up ensuring maintenance of cell pluripotency is a central issue, because large amounts of pluripotent cells must be generated to warrant that differentiated cells deriving thereof are transplanted in great amounts and survive the procedure. This study aimed to develop a robust scalable cell expansion system, using a murine embryonic stem cell line that is feeder-dependent and adapted to serum-free medium, thus representing a more realistic model for human ES cells. We showed that high concentrations of murine ES cells can be obtained in stirred microcarrier-based spinner cultures, with a 10-fold concentration of cells per volume of medium and a 5-fold greater cell concentration per surface area, as compared to static cultures. No differences in terms of pluripotency and differentiation capability were observed between cells grown in traditional static systems and cells that were replated onto the traditional system after being expanded on microcarriers in the stirred system. This was verified by morphological analyses, quantification of cells expressing important pluripotency markers (Oct-4, SSEA-1, and SOX2), karyotype profile, and the ability to form embryoid bodies with similar sizes, and maintaining their intrinsic ability to differentiate into all three germ layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo A N Marinho
- COPPE, Chemical Engineering Program, Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-914, Brazil
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28
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Figueredo-Cardero A, Chico E, Castilho LR, Medronho RA. CFD simulation of an internal spin-filter: evidence of lateral migration and exchange flow through the mesh. Cytotechnology 2009; 61:55-64. [PMID: 19998058 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-009-9242-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2009] [Accepted: 11/25/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was used to study the flow field and particle dynamics in an internal spin-filter (SF) bioreactor system. Evidence of a radial exchange flow through the filter mesh was detected, with a magnitude up to 130-fold higher than the perfusion flow, thus significantly contributing to radial drag. The exchange flow magnitude was significantly influenced by the filter rotation rate, but not by the perfusion flow, within the ranges evaluated. Previous reports had only given indirect evidences of this exchange flow phenomenon in spin-filters, but the current simulations were able to quantify and explain it. Flow pattern inside the spin-filter bioreactor resembled a typical Taylor-Couette flow, with vortices being formed in the annular gap and eventually penetrating the internal volume of the filter, thus being the probable reason for the significant exchange flow observed. The simulations also showed that cells become depleted in the vicinity of the mesh due to lateral particle migration. Cell concentration near the filter was approximately 50% of the bulk concentration, explaining why cell separation achieved in SFs is not solely due to size exclusion. The results presented indicate the power of CFD techniques to study and better understand spin-filter systems, aiming at the establishment of effective design, operation and scale-up criteria.
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Castilho LR, Mitchell DA, Freire DMG. Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from waste materials and by-products by submerged and solid-state fermentation. Bioresour Technol 2009; 100:5996-6009. [PMID: 19581084 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.03.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2007] [Revised: 03/16/2009] [Accepted: 03/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates are biodegradable polymers produced by prokaryotic organisms from renewable resources. The production of PHAs by submerged fermentation processes has been intensively studied over the last 30 years. In recent years, alternative strategies have been proposed, such as the use of solid-state fermentation or the production of PHAs in transgenic plants. This paper gives an overview of submerged and solid-state fermentation processes used to produce PHAs from waste materials and by-products. The use of these low-cost raw materials has the potential to reduce PHA production costs, because the raw material costs contribute a significant part of production costs in traditional PHA production processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leda R Castilho
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, COPPE, Chemical Engineering Program, Caixa Postal 68502, 21941-972 Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil.
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30
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Gutarra MLE, Godoy MG, Maugeri F, Rodrigues MI, Freire DMG, Castilho LR. Production of an acidic and thermostable lipase of the mesophilic fungus Penicillium simplicissimum by solid-state fermentation. Bioresour Technol 2009; 100:5249-5254. [PMID: 19560339 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2008] [Revised: 08/18/2008] [Accepted: 08/19/2008] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The production of a lipase by a wild-type Brazilian strain of Penicillium simplicissimum in solid-state fermentation of babassu cake, an abundant residue of the oil industry, was studied. The enzyme production reached about 90 U/g in 72 h, with a specific activity of 4.5 U/mg of total proteins. The crude lipase showed high activities at 35-60 degrees C and pH 4.0-6.0, with a maximum activity at 50 degrees C and pH 4.0-5.0. Enzyme stability was enhanced at pH 5.0 and 6.0, with a maximum half-life of 5.02 h at 50 degrees C and pH 5.0. Thus, this lipase shows a thermophilic and thermostable behavior, what is not common among lipases from mesophilic filamentous fungi. The crude enzyme catalysed the hydrolysis of triglycerides and p-nitrophenyl esters (C4:0-C18:0), preferably acting on substrates with medium-chain fatty acids. This non-purified lipase in addition to interesting properties showed a reduced production cost making feasible its applicability in many fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L E Gutarra
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, IQ, Departamento de Bioquímica, Brazil
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Abstract
In this work, the propagation of the 17DD yellow fever virus in Vero cells grown on Cytodex-1 microcarriers was evaluated. After verifying that upon infection the virus adsorption step could be performed under continuous agitation, experiments were carried out in spinners and sparged lab-scale stirred-tank bioreactor to evaluate the use of a commercial serum-free medium (VP-SFM) and to investigate the effects of multiplicity of infection (MOI) and time of infection (TOI) on virus production. Virus titers as high as 8.4 x 10(8)pfu/mL were obtained upon infection with MOI of 0.02 and TOI of 3 days, using the serum-free medium in the sparged bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Cristina O Souza
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Bio-Manguinhos, Viral Vaccine Program, Avenida Brasil 4365, 21045-900 Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
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de Azeredo LAI, Gomes PM, Sant'Anna GL, Castilho LR, Freire DMG. Production and Regulation of Lipase Activity from Penicillium restrictum in Submerged and Solid-State Fermentations. Curr Microbiol 2007; 54:361-5. [PMID: 17457647 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-006-0425-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2006] [Accepted: 01/05/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Different carbon (C) sources, mainly carbohydrates and lipids, have been screened for their capacity to support growth and lipase production by Penicillium restrictum in submerged fermentation (SmF) and in solid-state fermentation (SSF). Completely different physiological behaviors were observed after the addition of easily (oleic acid and glucose) and complex (olive oil and starch) assimilable C sources to the liquid and solid media. Maximal lipolytic activities (12.1 U/mL and 17.4 U/g) by P. restrictum were obtained with olive oil in SmF and in SSF, respectively. Biomass levels in SmF (12.2-14.1 mg/mL) and SSF (7.0-8.0 mg/g) did not varied greatly with the distinct C sources used. High lipase production (12.3 U/g) using glucose was only attained in SSF, perhaps due to the ability of this fermentation process to minimize catabolite repression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana A I de Azeredo
- Biochemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Tecnologia, Bloco A, Lab. 549-2, 21945-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Oliveira FC, Dias ML, Castilho LR, Freire DMG. Characterization of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) produced by Cupriavidus necator in solid-state fermentation. Bioresour Technol 2007; 98:633-8. [PMID: 16580194 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2005] [Revised: 01/09/2006] [Accepted: 02/03/2006] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state fermentation (SSF) has recently been proposed as an alternative to submerged fermentation for the production of poly(hydroxyalkanoates). In the present work, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy were employed to investigate the chemical structure, as well as the thermal properties and the crystalline morphology of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) samples produced by SSF, using as raw material either soy cake or soy cake supplemented with 2.5% (m/m) sugarcane molasses. The results obtained showed that the biopolymer obtained by SSF presented the same properties as commercial PHB, except for the higher molar mass and the lower degree of crystallinity that were observed. Thus, the present data indicate that solid-state fermentation is an interesting alternative for the production of PHB, allowing the production of biopolymers with adequate properties from low-cost, renewable resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiane C Oliveira
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), COPPE/Programa de Engenharia Química, Caixa Postal 68502, 21941-972 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Gutarra MLE, Cavalcanti EDC, Castilho LR, Freire DMG, Sant'Anna GL. Lipase Production by Solid-State Fermentation: Cultivation Conditions and Operation of Tray and Packed-Bed Bioreactors. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2005; 121-124:105-16. [PMID: 15917592 DOI: 10.1385/abab:121:1-3:0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The production of lipase by Penicillium simplicissimum in solid-state fermentation was studied using babassu cake as the basal medium. Tray-type and packed-bed bioreactors were employed. In the former, the influence of temperature; content of the medium, and medium supplementation with olive oil, sugarcane molasses, corn steep liquor, and yeast hydrolysate was studied. For all combinations of supplements, a temperature of 30 degrees C, a moisture content of 70%, and a concentration of carbon source of 6.25% (m/m, dry basis) provided optimum conditions for lipase production. When used as single supplements olive oil and molasses also were able to provide high lipase activities (20 U/g). Using packed-bed bioreactors and molasses-supplemented medium, optimum conditions for enzyme production were air superficial velocities above 55 cm/min and temperatures below 28 degrees C. The lower temperature optimum found for these reactors is probably related to radial heat gradient formation inside the packed bed. Maximum lipase activities obtained in these bioreactors (26.4 U/g) were 30% higher than in tray-type reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L E Gutarra
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Tecnologia (CT), Laboratory 549-2, Ilha do Fundão, CEP 21945-970, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
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Abstract
A Bacillus subtilis isolate was shown to be able to produce extracellular protease in solid-state fermentations (SSF) using soy cake as culture medium. A significant effect of inoculum concentration and physiological age on pro tease production was observed. Maximum activities were obtained for inocula consisting of exponentially growing cells at inoculum concentrations in the range of 0.7-2.0 mg g(-1). A comparative study on the influence of cultivation temperature and initial medium pH on protease production in SSF and in submerged fermentation (SF) revealed that in SSF a broader pH range (5-10), but the same optimum temperature (37 degrees C), is obtained when compared to SF. A kinetic study showed that enzyme production is associated with bacterial growth and that enzyme inactivation begins before biomass reaches a maximum level for both SF and SSF. Maximum protease activity and productivity were 960 U g(-1) and 15.4 U g-1 h-1 for SSF, and 12 U mL-1 and 1.3 U mL-1 h-1 for SF. When SSF protease activity was expressed by volume of enzyme extract, the enzyme level was 10-fold higher and the enzyme productivity 45% higher than in SF. These results indicate that this bacterial strain shows a high biotechnological potential for protease production in solid-state fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria F Soares
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Oliveira FC, Freire DMG, Castilho LR. Production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) by solid-state fermentation with Ralstonia eutropha. Biotechnol Lett 2004; 26:1851-5. [PMID: 15672227 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-004-5315-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2004] [Accepted: 10/13/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The use of solid-state fermentation is examined as a low-cost technology for the production of poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) by Ralstonia eutropha. Two agroindustrial residues (babassu and soy cake) were evaluated as culture media. The maximum poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) yield was 1.2 mg g(-1) medium on soy cake in 36 h, and 0.7 mg g(-1) medium on babassu cake in 84 h. Addition of 2.5% (w/w) sugar cane molasses to soy cake increased PHB production to 4.9 mg g(-1) medium in 60 h. Under these conditions, the PHB content of the dry biomass was 39% (w/w). The present results indicate that solid-state fermentation could be a promising alternative for producing biodegradable polymers at low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- F C Oliveira
- COPPE/Chemical Engineering Program, Federeal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
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Abstract
In the present work, a rotating disk filter was designed for mammalian cell separation with the aim of avoiding both cell damage and membrane fouling. Different geometric and operational variables of the rotating disk filter were studied using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying rotor radius, rotor angle, membrane-rotor distance, and angular velocity. The combinations of these variables followed a statistical design, so that an analysis of the CFD results provided correlations describing the average shear stress on the membrane surface and the maximum shear stress in the whole module as a function of the variables studied. Based on these correlations, and on the shear resistance levels of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and baby hamster kidney (BHK) cell lines, which were investigated using a cone-and-plate viscosimeter, it was possible to determine the geometry and angular velocity that would minimize both cell damage and membrane fouling. After construction, the filter was tested in filtration experiments at increasing permeate fluxes. Cell viability remained >90% for the duration of the experiments (2.5 h), and no indication of fouling was observed. It was shown that the designed dynamic filter is able to effectively avoid both cell damage and membrane fouling, and thus can be used for mammalian cell harvesting and perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leda R Castilho
- Biochemical Engineering Division, GBF-German Research Centre for Biotechnology, Braunschweig, Germany.
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De Azeredo LAI, Castilho LR, Leite SGF, Coelho RRR, Freire DMG. Protease production by Streptomyces sp. isolated from Brazilian Cerrado soil: optimization of culture medium employing statistical experimental design. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2003; 105 -108:749-55. [PMID: 12721412 DOI: 10.1385/abab:108:1-3:749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Streptomyces are important microorganisms because of their capacity to produce numerous bioactive molecules. In the present work protease production, by Streptomyces sp. 594 isolated from a Brazilian Cerrado soil, was maximized by optimizing a low-cost culture medium composition (casitone and sugarcane molasses) using statistical experimental design. The final protease activity (56 U/mL) was 2.8-fold and 58-fold higher than that obtained in the beginning of this study, and in a previous work, using an actinomycete selection medium, respectively. Protease production, not growth associated, appeared to be modulated by an inducer system, whereby the C/N ratio seemed to play a significant role.
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Castilho LR, Anspach FB, Deckwer WD. An integrated process for mammalian cell perfusion cultivation and product purification using a dynamic filter. Biotechnol Prog 2002; 18:776-81. [PMID: 12153312 DOI: 10.1021/bp0255154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, a dynamic filter was employed to develop an integrated perfusion/purification process. A recombinant CHO cell line producing a human anti-HIV IgG was employed in the experiments. In the first part of this work, the dynamic filter was fitted with conventional microfiltration membranes and tested as a new external cell retention device for perfusion cultivations. The filter was connected to a running perfusion bioreactor and operated for approximately 400 h at an average cell concentration of 10 million cells mL(-)(1), whereby cell viability remained above 90% and no problems of sterility were experienced. In the second part of this work, the dynamic filter was employed to simultaneously carry out cell separation and product purification, using membrane adsorbers containing Protein A affinity ligands. An automated system was built, which integrated the features of an automated perfusion bioreactor and of a liquid chromatography system. The IgG was continuously adsorbed onto the affinity membranes and was periodically recovered through elution cycles. After connection of the filter, the system was operated for approximately 300 h, whereby three elution cycles were carried out. No progressive increase in transmembrane pressure was observed, indicating no membrane fouling problems, and the IgG was recovered practically free of contaminants in a 14-fold concentrated form, indicating that the integrated, one-step perfusion/purification process developed during this work is a promising alternative for the production of biologicals derived from mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leda R Castilho
- GBF-German Research Centre for Biotechnology, Biochemical Engineering Division, Mascheroder Weg 1, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
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Abstract
Perfusion cultures of animal cells have several advantages over batch or fed-batch cultures. They give, for instance, higher productivities and a consistent product quality, and allow steady state operation and better cell physiology control. However, one of the main aspects limiting performance and scale-up of perfusion processes is the need for an adequate cell retention device. The devices currently in use for stirred perfusion bioreactors are continuous centrifuges, tangential flow membrane filters, dynamic filters, spin-filters, ultrasonic and dielectrophoretic separators, gravity settlers and, more recently, hydrocyclones. The advantages and disadvantages of each of these methods will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leda R Castilho
- GBF-German National Research Center for Biotechnology, Biochemical Engineering Division, Braunschweig.
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Palma MB, Pinto AL, Gombert AK, Seitz KH, Kivatinitz SC, Castilho LR, Freire DM. Lipase production by Penicillium restrictum using solid waste of industrial babassu oil production as substrate. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2000; 84-86:1137-45. [PMID: 10849864 DOI: 10.1385/abab:84-86:1-9:1137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Lipase, protease, and amylase production by Penicillium restrictum in solid-state fermentation was investigated. The basal medium was an industrial waste of babassu oil (Orbignya oleifera) production. It was enriched with peptone, olive oil, and Tween-80. The supplementation positively influenced both enzyme production and fungal growth. Media enriched with Tween-80 provided the highest protease activity (8.6 U/g), whereas those enriched with peptone and olive oil led to the highest lipase (27.8 U/g) and amylase (31.8 U/g) activities, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Palma
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Blumenau, Brazil
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Castilho LR, Polato CM, Baruque EA, Sant’Anna GL, Freire DM. Economic analysis of lipase production by Penicillium restrictum in solid-state and submerged fermentations. Biochem Eng J 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s1369-703x(99)00052-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Gombert AK, Pinto AL, Castilho LR, Freire DM. Lipase production by Penicillium restrictum in solid-state fermentation using babassu oil cake as substrate. Process Biochem 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-9592(99)00036-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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