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Wang Y, Liu Y, Liu S, Cheng L, Liu X. Recent advances in N-glycan biomarker discovery among human diseases. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024. [PMID: 38910518 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2024101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
N-glycans play important roles in a variety of biological processes. In recent years, analytical technologies with high resolution and sensitivity have advanced exponentially, enabling analysts to investigate N-glycomic changes in different states. Specific glycan and glycosylation signatures have been identified in multiple diseases, including cancer, autoimmune diseases, nervous system disorders, and metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. These glycans demonstrate comparable or superior indicating capability in disease diagnosis and prognosis over routine biomarkers. Moreover, synchronous glycan alterations concurrent with disease initiation and progression provide novel insights into pathogenetic mechanisms and potential treatment targets. This review elucidates the biological significance of N-glycans, compares the existing glycomic technologies, and delineates the clinical performance of N-glycans across a range of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Si Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Liming Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xin Liu
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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2
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Gutierrez Reyes CD, Alejo-Jacuinde G, Perez Sanchez B, Chavez Reyes J, Onigbinde S, Mogut D, Hernández-Jasso I, Calderón-Vallejo D, Quintanar JL, Mechref Y. Multi Omics Applications in Biological Systems. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:5777-5793. [PMID: 38921016 PMCID: PMC11202207 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional methodologies often fall short in addressing the complexity of biological systems. In this regard, system biology omics have brought invaluable tools for conducting comprehensive analysis. Current sequencing capabilities have revolutionized genetics and genomics studies, as well as the characterization of transcriptional profiling and dynamics of several species and sample types. Biological systems experience complex biochemical processes involving thousands of molecules. These processes occur at different levels that can be studied using mass spectrometry-based (MS-based) analysis, enabling high-throughput proteomics, glycoproteomics, glycomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics analysis. Here, we present the most up-to-date techniques utilized in the completion of omics analysis. Additionally, we include some interesting examples of the applicability of multi omics to a variety of biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerardo Alejo-Jacuinde
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance (IGCAST), Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (G.A.-J.); (B.P.S.)
| | - Benjamin Perez Sanchez
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance (IGCAST), Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (G.A.-J.); (B.P.S.)
| | - Jesus Chavez Reyes
- Center of Basic Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20392, Mexico; (J.C.R.); (I.H.-J.); (D.C.-V.); (J.L.Q.)
| | - Sherifdeen Onigbinde
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
| | - Damir Mogut
- Department of Food Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Irma Hernández-Jasso
- Center of Basic Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20392, Mexico; (J.C.R.); (I.H.-J.); (D.C.-V.); (J.L.Q.)
| | - Denisse Calderón-Vallejo
- Center of Basic Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20392, Mexico; (J.C.R.); (I.H.-J.); (D.C.-V.); (J.L.Q.)
| | - J. Luis Quintanar
- Center of Basic Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20392, Mexico; (J.C.R.); (I.H.-J.); (D.C.-V.); (J.L.Q.)
| | - Yehia Mechref
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
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3
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Serna S, Artschwager R, Pérez-Martínez D, Lopez R, Reichardt NC. A Versatile Urea Type Linker for Functionalizing Natural Glycans and Its Validation in Glycan Arrays. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301494. [PMID: 37347819 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
The isolation from organisms and readily available glycoproteins has become an increasingly convenient source of N-glycans for multiple applications including glycan microarrays, as reference standards in glycan analysis or as reagents that improve bioavailability of protein and peptide therapeutics through conjugation. A problematic step in the isolation process on a preparative scale can be the attachment of a linker for the improved purification, separation, immobilization and quantification of the glycan structures. Addressing this issue, we firstly aimed for the development of an UV active linker for a fast and reliable attachment to anomeric glycosylamines via urea bond formation. Secondly, we validated the new linker on glycan arrays in a comparative study with a collection of N-glycans which were screened against various lectins. In total, we coupled four structurally varied N-glycans to four different linkers, immobilized all constructs on a microarray and compared their binding affinities to four plant and fungal lectins of widely described specificity. Our study shows that the urea type linker showed an overall superior performance for lectin binding and once more, highlights the often neglected influence of the choice of linker on lectin recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Serna
- Glycotechnology Group, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramon 194, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Raik Artschwager
- Glycotechnology Group, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramon 194, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Current address: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, New York, 10065, USA
| | - Damián Pérez-Martínez
- Glycotechnology Group, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramon 194, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Rosa Lopez
- Organic Chemistry Department I, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel Lardizabal 3, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Niels-Christian Reichardt
- Glycotechnology Group, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramon 194, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- CIBER-BBN, Paseo Miramon 194, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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4
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Xie X, Kong S, Cao W. Targeting protein glycosylation to regulate inflammation in the respiratory tract: novel diagnostic and therapeutic candidates for chronic respiratory diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1168023. [PMID: 37256139 PMCID: PMC10225578 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1168023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein glycosylation is a widespread posttranslational modification that can impact the function of proteins. Dysregulated protein glycosylation has been linked to several diseases, including chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs). CRDs pose a significant public health threat globally, affecting the airways and other lung structures. Emerging researches suggest that glycosylation plays a significant role in regulating inflammation associated with CRDs. This review offers an overview of the abnormal glycoenzyme activity and corresponding glycosylation changes involved in various CRDs, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, cystic fibrosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary arterial hypertension, non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, and lung cancer. Additionally, this review summarizes recent advances in glycomics and glycoproteomics-based protein glycosylation analysis of CRDs. The potential of glycoenzymes and glycoproteins for clinical use in the diagnosis and treatment of CRDs is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Xie
- Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyuan Kong
- Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqian Cao
- Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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5
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Ng DHJ, Chan LY, Fitzner L, Keppler JK, Ismail SM, Hird S, Hancock P, Karin S, Tobias D. A novel screening method for free non-standard amino acids in human plasma samples using AccQ·Tag reagents and LC-MS/MS. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:445-454. [PMID: 36602091 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01588a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
There are at least 500 naturally occurring amino acids, of which only 20 standard proteinogenic amino acids are used universally across all organisms in the synthesis of peptides and proteins. Non-standard amino acids can be incorporated into proteins or are intermediates and products of metabolic pathways. While the analysis of standard amino acids is well-defined, the analysis of non-standard amino acids can be challenging due to the wide range of physicochemical properties, and the lack of both reference standards and information in curated databases to aid compound identification. It has been shown that the use of an AccQ·Tag™ derivatization kit along with LC-MS/MS is an attractive option for the analysis of free standard amino acids in complex samples because it is fast, sensitive, reproducible, and selective. It has been demonstrated that the most abundant quantitative transition for MS/MS analysis of 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate (AQC) derivatized amino acids corresponds to the fragmentation of the molecule at the 6-aminoquinoline carbonyl group producing a common m/z 171 fragment ion and occurs at similar mass spectrometry collision energy and cone voltages. In this study, the unique properties of AQC derivatized amino acids producing high intensity common fragment ions, along with chromatographic separation of amino acids under generic chromatography conditions, were used to develop a novel screening method for the detection of trace levels of non-standard amino acids in complex matrices. Structural elucidation was carried out by comparing the MS/MS fragment ion mass spectra generated with in silico predicted fragmentation spectra to enable a putative identification, which was confirmed using an appropriate analytical standard. This workflow was applied to screen human plasma samples for bioactive thiol-group modified cysteine amino acids and S-allylmercaptocysteine (SAMC), S-allylcysteine sulfoxide (SACS or alliin) and S-propenylcysteine (S1PC) are reported for the first time to be present in human plasma samples after the administration of garlic supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H J Ng
- International Food and Water Research Centre, Waters Pacific Pte Ltd, 1 Science Park Road #01-10, The Capricorn, Singapore Science Park II, Singapore, 117528, Singapore.
| | - Li Yan Chan
- International Food and Water Research Centre, Waters Pacific Pte Ltd, 1 Science Park Road #01-10, The Capricorn, Singapore Science Park II, Singapore, 117528, Singapore.
| | - Laura Fitzner
- Division of Food Technology, Kiel University, Heinrich-Hecht Platz 10, Kiel, 24118, Germany
| | - Julia Katharina Keppler
- Division of Food Technology, Kiel University, Heinrich-Hecht Platz 10, Kiel, 24118, Germany
- Laboratory of Food Process Engineering, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, Wageningen, 6708 WG, the Netherlands
| | - Shareef M Ismail
- Global Service Education, Waters Pacific Pte Ltd, 1 Science Park Road #01-10, The Capricorn, Singapore Science Park II, Singapore, 117528, Singapore
| | - Simon Hird
- Food and Environment Scientific Operations, Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow, SK9 4AX, UK
| | - Peter Hancock
- Food and Environment Scientific Operations, Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow, SK9 4AX, UK
| | - Schwarz Karin
- Division of Food Technology, Kiel University, Heinrich-Hecht Platz 10, Kiel, 24118, Germany
| | - Demetrowitsch Tobias
- Division of Food Technology, Kiel University, Heinrich-Hecht Platz 10, Kiel, 24118, Germany
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6
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Wu Y, Zhang Y, Li W, Xu Y, Liu Y, Liu X, Xu Y, Liu W. Flowing on-line preparation of deglycosylation, labeling and purification for N-glycan analysis. Talanta 2022; 249:123652. [PMID: 35696978 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The current in-solution analysis of N-glycans suffers from several disadvantages including tedious de-glycosylation time and multi-step pre-treatment procedures. Here, an ultra-simple flowing on-line analysis of labeled N-glycans for high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) was developed for eliminating the deficiencies. This on-line analysis consisted of an immobilized enzyme reactor (IMER) of PNGase F for efficient release of N-glycans, labeling of released N-glycans and following purification of derivatives on microfluidic chip. Notably, efficient preparations for all type of N-glycans were completed within ∼30 min. To our best knowledge, this is the first time to integrated the whole preparation of N-glycan deglycosylation, labeling and purification only by a simple fluidic flow with our developed device. Good reproducibility and stability were achieved with the relative standard deviation (RSD) less than 10%. Furthermore, the glycome studies with human serum revealed a good adaptability for biological samples. Our work provides an efficient N-glycomic strategy that can be applied to further multilayered clinical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yike Wu
- The Center for Medical Genetics & Molecular Diagnosis, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Weifeng Li
- The Center for Medical Genetics & Molecular Diagnosis, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Yun Xu
- The Center for Medical Genetics & Molecular Diagnosis, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yong Xu
- The Center for Medical Genetics & Molecular Diagnosis, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China.
| | - Wenlan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China; The Center for Medical Genetics & Molecular Diagnosis, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China.
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7
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Recent advances and trends in sample preparation and chemical modification for glycan analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 207:114424. [PMID: 34653745 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Growing significance of glycosylation in protein functions has accelerated the development of methodologies for detection, identification, and characterization of protein glycosylation. In the past decade, glycobiology research has been advanced by innovative techniques with further progression in the post-genome era. Although significant technical progress has been made in terms of analytical throughput, comprehensiveness, and sensitivity, most methods for glycosylation analysis still require laborious and time-consuming sample preparation tasks. Additionally, sample preparation methods that are focused on specific glycan(s) require an in-depth understanding of various issues in glycobiology. In this review, modern sample preparation and chemical modification methods for the structural and quantitative glycan analyses together with the challenges and advantages of recent sample preparation methods are summarized. The techniques presented herein can facilitate the exploration of biomarkers, understanding of unknown glycan functions, and development of biopharmaceuticals.
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8
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Wu Y, Liu Y, Shang Z, Liu X, Xu Y, Liu W. N-Glycomic profiling reveals dysregulated glycans related to oral cancer using MALDI-MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:1881-1890. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03822-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Abstract
Glycosylation, one of the most common post-translational modifications in mammalian cells, impacts many biological processes such as cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. As the most abundant glycoprotein in human serum, immunoglobulin G (IgG) plays a vital role in immune response and protection. There is a growing body of evidence suggests that IgG structure and function are modulated by attached glycans, especially N-glycans, and aberrant glycosylation is associated with disease states. In this chapter, we review IgG glycan repertoire and function, strategies for profiling IgG N-glycome and recent studies. Mass spectrometry (MS) based techniques are the most powerful tools for profiling IgG glycome. IgG glycans can be divided into high-mannose, biantennary complex and hybrid types, modified with mannosylation, core-fucosylation, galactosylation, bisecting GlcNAcylation, or sialylation. Glycosylation of IgG affects antibody half-life and their affinity and avidity for antigens, regulates crystallizable fragment (Fc) structure and Fcγ receptor signaling, as well as antibody effector function. Because of their critical roles, IgG N-glycans appear to be promising biomarkers for various disease states. Specific IgG glycosylation can convert a pro-inflammatory response to an anti-inflammatory activity. Accordingly, IgG glycoengineering provides a powerful approach to potentially develop effective drugs and treat disease. Based on the understanding of the functional role of IgG glycans, the development of vaccines with enhanced capacity and long-term protection are possible in the near future.
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Donohoo KB, Wang J, Goli M, Yu A, Peng W, Hakim MA, Mechref Y. Advances in mass spectrometry-based glycomics-An update covering the period 2017-2021. Electrophoresis 2021; 43:119-142. [PMID: 34505713 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The wide variety of chemical properties and biological functions found in proteins is attained via post-translational modifications like glycosylation. Covalently bonded to proteins, glycans play a critical role in cell activity. Complex structures with microheterogeneity, the glycan structures that are associated with proteins are difficult to analyze comprehensively. Recent advances in sample preparation methods, separation techniques, and MS have facilitated the quantitation and structural elucidation of glycans. This review focuses on highlighting advances in MS-based techniques for glycomic analysis that occurred over the last 5 years (2017-2021) as an update to the previous review on the subject. The topics of discussion will include progress in glycomic workflow such as glycan release, purification, derivatization, and separation as well as the topics of ionization, tandem MS, and separation techniques that can be coupled with MS. Additionally, bioinformatics tools used for the analysis of glycans will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn B Donohoo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Junyao Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Mona Goli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Aiying Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Wenjing Peng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Md Abdul Hakim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Yehia Mechref
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
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11
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High-throughput and high-sensitivity N-Glycan profiling: A platform for biopharmaceutical development and disease biomarker discovery. Anal Biochem 2021; 623:114205. [PMID: 33891963 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation contributes to critical biological function of glycoproteins. Glycan analysis is essential for the production of biopharmaceuticals as well as for the identification of disease biomarkers. However, glycans are highly heterogeneous, which has considerably hampered the progress of glycomics. Here, we present an improved 96-well plate format platform for streamlined glycan profiling that takes advantage of rapid glycoprotein denaturation, deglycosylation, fluorescent derivatization, and on-matrix glycan clean-up. This approach offers high sensitivity with consistent identification and quantification of diverse N-glycans across multiple samples on a high-throughput scale. We demonstrate its capability for N-glycan profiling of glycoproteins from various sources, including two recombinant monoclonal antibodies produced from Chinese Hamster Ovary cells, EG2-hFc and rituximab, polyclonal antibodies purified from human serum, and total glycoproteins from human serum. Combined with the complementary information obtained by sequential digestion from exoglycosidase arrays, this approach allows the detection and identification of multiple N-glycans in these complex biological samples. The reagents, workflow, and Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HILIC-FLD), are simple enough to be implemented into a straightforward user-friendly setup. This improved technology provides a powerful tool in support of rapid advancement of glycan analysis for biopharmaceutical development and biomarker discovery for clinical disease diagnosis.
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12
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Zaikin VG, Borisov RS. Options of the Main Derivatization Approaches for Analytical ESI and MALDI Mass Spectrometry. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 52:1287-1342. [PMID: 33557614 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.1873100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The inclusion of preliminary chemical labeling (derivatization) in the analysis process by such powerful and widespread methods as electrospray ionization (ESI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS) is a popular and widely used methodological approach. This is due to the need to remove some fundamental limitations inherent in these powerful analytic methods. Although a number of special reviews has been published discussing the utilization of derivatization approaches, the purpose of the present critical review is to comprehensively summarize, characterize and evaluate most of the previously developed and practically applied, as well as recently proposed representative derivatization reagents for ESI-MS and MALDI-MS platforms in their mostly sensitive positive ion mode and frequently hyphenated with separation techniques. The review is focused on the use of preliminary chemical labeling to facilitate the detection, identification, structure elucidation, quantification, profiling or MS imaging of compounds within complex matrices. Two main derivatization approaches, namely the introduction of permanent charge-fixed or highly proton affinitive residues into analytes are critically evaluated. In situ charge-generation, charge-switch and charge-transfer derivatizations are considered separately. The potential of using reactive matrices in MALDI-MS and chemical labeling in MS-based omics sciences is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir G Zaikin
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Roman S Borisov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
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13
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Fmoc N-hydroxysuccinimide ester: A facile and multifunctional role in N-glycan analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1131:56-67. [PMID: 32928480 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
N-glycans that are fluorescently tagged by glycosylamine acylation have become a promising way for glycan biomarker discovery. Here, we describe a simple and rapid method using Fmoc N-hydroxysuccinimide ester (Fmoc-OSu) to label N-glycans by reacting with their corresponding intermediate glycosylamines produced by microwave-assisted deglycosylation. After optimizing reaction conditions, this derivatization reaction can be effectively achieved under 40 °C for 1 h. Moreover, the comparison of fluorescent intensities for Fmoc-OSu, Fmoc-Cl and 2-AA labeling strategies were also performed. Among which, the fluorescent intensities of Fmoc-OSu labeled glycan derivatives were approximately 5 and 13 times higher than that labeled by Fmoc-Cl and 2-AA respectively. Furthermore, the developed derivatization strategy has also been applied for analyzing serum N-glycans, aiming to screen specific biomarkers for early diagnosis of lung squamous cell cancer. More interestingly, the preparation of free reducing N-glycan standards have been achieved by the combination of HPLC fraction of Fmoc labeled glycan derivatives and Fmoc releasing chemistry. Overall, this proposed method has the potential to be used in functional glycomic study.
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14
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Fan Y, Zhao X, Lu K, Cheng G. LncRNA BDNF-AS promotes autophagy and apoptosis in MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease via ablating microRNA-125b-5p. Brain Res Bull 2020; 157:119-127. [PMID: 32057951 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Recently, extensive evidence has indicated that the biological role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in neurodegenerative diseases is becoming increasingly evident. The lncRNA brain-derived neurotrophic factor anti-sense (BDNF-AS) has been found to be dysregulated in Huntington's Disease. However, the function of BDNF-AS in Parkinson's disease (PD) remains unknown. The purpose of this present study was to explore the effect of BDNF-AS on PD and its underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS The MPTP-induced mouse model of PD and MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cell model were established. Immunofluorescence was performed to determine the number of TH + positive cells. Mice behavioral changes were detected by pole and rota-rod test. SH-SY5Y cells viability, apoptosis was detected by MTT assay and flow cytometry. The number of autophagosome was measured by transmission electron microscopy. Dopamine content was tested by high performance liquid chromatography. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was utilized to verify the correlation between BDNF-AS and miR-125b-5p. qRT-PCR and western blot were used to detect gene expression levels. RESULTS Our results showed that BDNF-AS was up-regulated in MPTP-induced PD model and dopamine neurons, and MPP + treated SH-SY5Y cells, while miR-125b-5p was down-regulated. The expression of BDNF-AS was positively related with the MPP + concentration. BDNF-AS knockdown could significantly promote cell proliferation, while inhibit apoptosis and autophagy in SH-SY5Y cells treated by MPP + . Silencing BDNF-AS could also increase TH positive neurons and significantly suppress the autophagy of PD mice. Additionally, miR-125b-5p, a putative target gene of BDNF-AS, was involved in the effects of BDNF-AS on SH-SY5Y cell apoptosis and autophagy. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that knockdown of BDNF-AS could elevate SH-SY5Y cell viability, inhibit autophagy and apoptosis in MPTP-induced PD models through regulating miR-125b-5p, suggesting that BDNF-AS might act as a potential therapeutic target for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Fan
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, No. 67, West Dongchang Road, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province, 252000, China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, No. 67, West Dongchang Road, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province, 252000, China
| | - Kai Lu
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng Third People's Hospital, No. 62, Weiyu Road, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province, 252000, China
| | - Guizhi Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng Guangming Hospital, No. 87, North Changrun Road, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province, 252000, China.
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Mass spectrometry-based qualitative and quantitative N-glycomics: An update of 2017-2018. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1091:1-22. [PMID: 31679562 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
N-glycosylation is one of the most frequently occurring protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) with broad cellular, physiological and pathological relevance. Mass spectrometry-based N-glycomics has become the state-of-the-art instrumental analytical pipeline for sensitive, high-throughput and comprehensive characterization of N-glycans and N-glycomes. Improvement and new development of methods in N-glycan release, enrichment, derivatization, isotopic labeling, separation, ionization, MS, tandem MS and informatics accompany side-by-side wider and deeper application. This review provides a comprehensive update of mass spectrometry-based qualitative and quantitative N-glycomics in the years of 2017-2018.
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16
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Wu Y, Sha Q, Wang C, Liu BF, Wang S, Liu X. Development of a filter-aided extraction method coupled with glycosylamine labeling to simplify and enhance high performance liquid chromatography-based N-glycan analysis. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1600:105-111. [PMID: 31056268 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Efficient sample pretreatment of N-glycans from glycoproteins is essential but challenging due to the limitations of existing tedious and laborious methods in N-glycomics. This study aimed to establish a filter-aided extraction method coupled with glycosylamine AQC labeling for a simple and rapid direct HPLC-FLD-based analysis of N-glycans. The developed method was demonstrated to be simpler and more sensitive compared to previous HILIC SPE purification method coupled with glycosylamine labeling. It has been validated with wild-type N-glycans from human transferrin and RNase B and then was successfully applied to investigate N-glycan profiles of the transferrin in human serum and a monoclonal antibody (mAb). Results showed good applicability of the method for complex samples. Additionally, this method is compatible with the replicate determination of N-glycan samples to assess the high-throughput analysis of glycan variability in mAb sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yike Wu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qiuyue Sha
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Bi-Feng Liu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Song Wang
- Exercise Immunology Center, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xin Liu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Liu Y, Lu Z. Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 mediates the toxic of Parkinson's disease induced by MPTP/MPP+ via regulation of gene expression. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2018; 45:841-848. [PMID: 29575151 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Neurology; Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Wuhan China
- Department of Neurology; Inner Mongolia People's Hospital; Hohhot China
| | - Zuneng Lu
- Department of Neurology; Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Wuhan China
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