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Yang H, Peng J, Peng H, Zeng H, Yu J, Wu J, Wang X. Dicationic imidazole ionic liquid stationary phase for preservative detection and its application under mixed mode of HILIC/RPLC/IEC. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1303:342504. [PMID: 38609259 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food safety has always been a great concern, and the detection of additives is vital to ensuring food safety. Therefore, there is a necessity to develop a method that can quickly and efficiently separate and detect additives in food. High performance liquid chromatography is widely used in the analysis and testing of food additives. Ionic liquids have attracted wide attention in the preparation of high performance liquid chromatography stationary phases owing to their high stability, low vapor pressure and adjustable structure. RESULTS We developed a novel dicationic imidazole ionic liquid stationary phase for the simultaneous determination of organic preservatives (sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate) and inorganic preservatives (nitrate and nitrite) in foodstuffs under mixed-mode chromatography. The method had the advantages of easy operation, high reproducibility, good linearity and precision. In the detection of these four preservatives, the limit of detection ≤0.4740 mg⋅L-1 and the limit of quantification ≤1.5800 mg⋅L-1. The intra-day and inter-day precision were less than 4.02%, and the recovery rate was 95.90∼100.19 %. At the same time, we also characterized the stationary phase, explored the mechanism and evaluated the chromatographic performance. The stationary phase was able to operate under the mixed mode of reversed phase/hydrophilic interaction/ion exchange chromatography, and it was capable of separating hydrophilic substances, hydrophobic substances, acids, and inorganic anionic substances with good separation efficiency and had high column efficiency. SIGNIFICANCE In summary, the stationary phase has a promising application in the routine analysis of organic and inorganic preservatives in food. In addition, the stationary phase has good separation ability for hydrophilic, hydrophobic, ionic substances and complex samples, making it a prospective material for chromatographic separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqi Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jingdong Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Huanjun Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hanlin Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiayu Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiajia Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
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Chung TW, Cheng CL, Liu YH, Huang YC, Chen WP, Panda AK, Chen WL. Dopamine-dependent functions of hyaluronic acid/dopamine/silk fibroin hydrogels that highly enhance N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) delivered from nasal cavity to brain tissue through a near-infrared photothermal effect on the NAC-loaded hydrogels. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 154:213615. [PMID: 37716334 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid/silk fibroin (HA/SF or HS) hydrogels with remarkable mechanical characteristics have been reported as tissue engineering biomaterials. Herein, the addition of dopamine/polydopamine (DA/PDA) to HS hydrogels to develop multifunctional HA/PDA/SF (or HDS) hydrogels for the delivery of drugs such as N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) from nasal to brain tissue is examined. Herein, DA-dependent functions of HDS hydrogels with highly adhesive forces, photothermal response (PTR) effects generated by near infrared (NIR) irradiation, and anti-oxidative effects were demonstrated. An in-vitro study shows that the HDS/NAC hydrogels could open tight junctions in the RPMI 2650 cell line, a model cell of the nasal mucosa, as demonstrated by the decreased values of transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and more discrete ZO-1 staining than those for the control group. This effect was markedly enhanced by NIR irradiation of the HDS/NAC-NIR hydrogels. Compared to the results obtained using NAC solution, an in-vivo imaging study (IVIS) in rats showed an approximately nine-fold increase in the quantity of NAC delivered from the nasal cavity to the brain tissue in the span of 2 h through the PTR effect generated by the NIR irradiation of the nasal tissue and administration of the HDS/NAC hydrogels. Herein, dopamine-dependent multifunctional HDS hydrogels were studied, and the nasal administration of HDS/NAC-NIR hydrogels with PTR effects generated by NIR irradiation was found to have significantly enhanced NAC delivery to brain tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tze-Wen Chung
- Biomedical Engineering Research and Development Center, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, 112 Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Lin Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, 112 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Huan Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, 112 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Cheng Huang
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, No.2, Beining Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Keelung City 20224, Taiwan.
| | - Weng-Pin Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan.
| | - Asit Kumar Panda
- Biomedical Engineering Research and Development Center, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ling Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, 112 Taipei, Taiwan
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Xie WB, Li H, Zeng L, Jiang LJ, Li W, Xia L, Lei FH. Separation of Panax notoginseng saponins on modified rosin ester-bonded silica stationary phase and its mechanism. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1239:340661. [PMID: 36628701 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A column prepared using a unique three-membered phenanthrene skeleton of rosin has complementary selectivity to a C18 column for some separation tasks. In this study, propylene pimaric acid (16-hydroxyethyl acrylate-34-n-butyl) ester (BRB) and propylene pimaric acid (16-hydroxyethyl acrylate-34-dodecyl) ester (BRLA) were used as functional ligands to prepare two novel stationary phases, namely BRB@SiO2 and BRLA@SiO2, through a "thiol-ene" click chemistry reaction. The characterization results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements, and contact angle tests showed that the BRB@SiO2 and BRLA@SiO2 stationary phases were successfully prepared. In addition, the performance of the columns was evaluated using the Tanaka test and hydrophobic subtraction model, which showed that the stationary phases exhibited typical reversed-phase chromatography performance and good hydrophobicity, hydrophobic selectivity, and steric selectivity. The changes in the retention of Panax notoginseng saponins on a column under different chromatographic conditions (acetonitrile content, flow rate, and column temperature) were investigated. The separation effect of BRB@SiO2 and BRLA@SiO2 columns on P. notoginseng saponins was better than that of the C18 column and the BRLA@SiO2 column could replace the C18 column for the detection of P. notoginseng saponins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bo Xie
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, 530006, China
| | - Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, 530006, China
| | - Lei Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, 530006, China
| | - Li-Juan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, 530006, China
| | - Wen Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, 530006, China
| | - Lu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, 530006, China.
| | - Fu-Hou Lei
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, 530006, China.
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A Compendium of the Principal Stationary Phases Used in Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography: Where Have We Arrived? SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations10010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) today is a well-known and largely applied technique to analyse polar compounds such as pharmaceuticals, metabolites, proteins, peptides, amino acids, oligonucleotides, and carbohydrates. Due to the large number of stationary phases employed for HILIC applications, this review aims to help the reader in choosing a proper stationary phase, which often represents the critical point for the success of a separation. A great offer is present for achiral applications in contrast to the chiral phases developed for HILIC enantioseparations. In the last case, up-to-date solutions are presented.
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Zhou J, Wan M, Dai X, Yang H, Yang Y, Ou J, Liao M, Liu J, Wang L. Polar-embedded phenyl dendritic stationary phase for multi-mode chromatographic separation. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Yaşar Mumin M, Aral H, Sunkur M, Aral T. A New Mixed‐Mode Stationary Phase Derived from [2‐(3,4‐epoxycyclohexyl)ethyl]trimethoxysilane as a Coupling Reagent and Its RPLC/HILIC/IEC Applications. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Yaşar Mumin
- Batman University Institute of Graduate Studies Department of Chemistry Batman Turkey
| | - Hayriye Aral
- Batman University Technical Sciences Vocational School Batman Turkey
| | - Murat Sunkur
- Batman University Faculty of Science and Art Department of Chemistry Batman Turkey
| | - Tarık Aral
- Batman University Faculty of Science and Art Department of Chemistry Batman Turkey
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7
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Preparation of polar embedded C18 stationary phase for efficient separation of peptides and proteins in high performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1684:463534. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Yu X, Lei X, Zhu Y, Zhao Q. Dendrimer-functionalized hydrothermal nanosized carbonaceous spheres as superior anion exchangers for ion chromatographic separation. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:239. [PMID: 35639192 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05324-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Polyamidamine (PAMAM) dendrimer-functionalized hydrothermal nanosized carbonaceous spheres (HNCSs) were prepared and utilized as latexes for agglomerated anion exchange chromatography (AEC) stationary phase. The high-concentration and scalable production of monodisperse HNCSs (73-98 nm) was accomplished via the polyquaternium-7-assisted hydrothermal carbonization of fructose. The novel PAMAM-based quaternizations of HNCSs were designed by the amidation with PAMAM and epoxy-amine addition reaction with glycidol in aqueous solution. The mild functionalization condition leads to well-kept morphology of HNCSs, which forms one even latex layer on the sulfonated surface of polystyrene-divinylbenzene microbeads for the construction of AEC packing. Under isocratic elution, seven common inorganic anions and five organic acids were baseline separated in 9 min on prepared packing with efficiencies of 54,000-79,800 plates m-1 and asymmetry factor (As) of 1.02-1.12. The obtained separation efficiency, peak symmetry, and analysis time were superior to reported or typical commercial counterparts. The quick separation of polarizable anions in 7 min and carbohydrates in 5 min could also be carried out with symmetrical peaks (As: 1.00-1.18) and high efficiencies (49,700-62,100 N/m). Favorable stability and reproducibility were proved by continuous flushing and injection. The constructed packings were further applied to the determination of thiosulfate and sulfate in water reducer, galacturonic acid in Angelica polysaccharide hydrolysate, and fluoride samples in 4 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fuchun Campus, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 260 Baichuan Street, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Xujing Lei
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fuchun Campus, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 260 Baichuan Street, Hangzhou, 311402, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Xixi Campus, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, 310028, China
| | - Qiming Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fuchun Campus, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 260 Baichuan Street, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
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9
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Guo Y. A Survey of Polar Stationary Phases for Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography and Recent Progress in Understanding Retention and Selectivity. Biomed Chromatogr 2022; 36:e5332. [PMID: 35001408 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Various polar stationary phases have become available for hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) and help drive continuous applications in biomedical, environmental and pharmaceutical areas in the past decade. Although the stationary phases for HILIC have been reviewed previously, it is an appropriate time to take another look at the progresses during the past five years. The current review provides an overview of the polar stationary phases commercially available for HILIC applications in an effort to assist scientists in selecting suitable columns. New types of stationary phase that were published in literature in the past five years are summarized and discussed. The trend in stationary phase research and development is also highlighted. Of particular interest is the experimental evidence for direct interactions of polar analytes with the ligands of the stationary phases under HILIC conditions. In addition, two different approaches have been developed to delineate the relative significance of the partitioning and adsorption mechanisms in HILIC, representing an important advancement in our understanding of the retention mechanisms in HILIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Guo
- School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Fairleigh Dickinson University, New Jersey, USA
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10
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Wu Y, Luo K, Liu Y, Chen W, Bai Z, Tang S. Innovative preparation of ureido/dodecyl dual-functionalized silica as a versatile mixed-mode stationary phase for high-resolution chromatographic separations. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1665:462834. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.462834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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11
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Zheng Y, Wan M, Zhou J, Luo Q, Gao D, Fu Q, Zeng J, Zu F, Wang L. Striped covalent organic frameworks modified stationary phase for mixed mode chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1649:462186. [PMID: 34034102 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have showed expected potential in chromatographic separation due to unique structure and excellent performance. Nowadays, COF materials applied as chromatographic stationary phases is still in its infancy. Here, we modified COF materials on silica using benzene-1,4,5-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PMDA) and 1,3,5-tris-(4-aminophenyl)triazine (TAPT) monomers by one-pot synthetic method for performing mixed-mode function, named as SiO2@COF. Five characterization methods including thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), elemental analysis (EA) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) verified the morphology, structure characteristics and physicochemical properties of the materials. SiO2@COF for performing the separation of polar and nonpolar analytes on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) achieved the desired results. Retention mechanisms of the constructed SiO2@COF were researched via observing the effects of mobile phase with retention times. Results exhibited that the prepared stationary phase can provide various interaction modes, including hydrophobic, hydrophilic, hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions. In conclusion, the prepared SiO2@COF stationary phase can execute mixed-mode separation abilities and show potential for complex samples analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Meijun Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Jingqiu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Qiurong Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Die Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Qifeng Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Fengjiao Zu
- School of Nursing, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Lujun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwes Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China,; Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China.
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12
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Hu C, Mao Z, Li Z, Li Q, Chen Z. Benzoic acid-modified monolithic column for separation of hydrophilic compounds by capillary electrochromatography with high content of water in mobile phase. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1647:462166. [PMID: 33957344 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophilic column combined with mobile phase containing high content of water is a green method for the separation of polar compounds, but there are few related studies, and the separation efficiency and performance of existing columns still needs to be improved. In this work, a novel monolithic column for separation of hydrophilic compounds under both high water content and HILIC condition, was prepared by in-situ polymerization using 4-vinylbenzoic acid (VBA) and 1-(Acryloyloxy)-3-(methacryloyloxy)-2-propanol (AMAP) as functional monomers. The poly(VBA-co-AMAP) monolithic column showed good separation performance towards various polar compounds under different chromatographic conditions based on the π-interaction, hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interactions provided by 4-vinylbenzoic acid functional monomer. The highest column efficiency for adenine was over 2.15 × 105 plates m-1 (theoretical plate, N). In addition, the monolith showed good stability and reproducibility, the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of retention times within days (n = 5), between days (n = 5), between columns (n = 3) and between batches (n = 3) were 0.47-1.13%, 1.20-2.68%, 0.59-1.78% and 1.54-3.60%, respectively. This novel type of monolith has great application potential in the separation of hydrophilic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Zhenkun Mao
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Zhentao Li
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Qiaoyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Zilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China.
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Hosseini ES, Heydar KT. Silica modification with 9-methylacridine and 9-undecylacridine as mixed-mode stationary phases in HPLC. Talanta 2021; 221:121445. [PMID: 33076069 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this research, 9-methylacridine and 9-undecylacridine were synthesized through Bernthsen's reaction and well characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Two mixed-mode stationary phases were developed by functionalizing silica with 9-methylacridine and 9-undecylacridine. Then, two modified silicas were characterized by elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Due to the extent of conjugative rings, the hydrophobic hydrocarbon chain, and anion exchange sites of 9-methylacridinium and 9-undecylacridinium group on the silica gel of columns, mixed-mode stationary phases were designed with multiple interactions including π-π stacking interaction, reverse phase, hydrophilic interaction, and anion exchange. According to the type of acridine, different interactions may be formed in the target column. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), alkylbenzenes, pyridines and parabens were chromatographed on π-π stacking modes and RPLC, where anion exchange sites can be applied for the separation of inorganic anions on AEC mode. Considering the structure of the stationary phases, these columns were used to separate organic compounds with higher polarity on the HILIC retention. The performance of the columns was investigated by the chromatographic parameters in terms of column efficiency (N/m), asymmetry factor (Af), retention factor (k), and resolution (Rs). The mixed-mode stationary phases can be successfully employed to conduct chromatographic separation on a wide range of samples with a single column.
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Liu M, Jing Y, Zhang L, Zhou Y, Yan H, Song Y, Qiao X. MOF-74@SiO 2 core-shell stationary phase: Preparation and its applications for mixed-mode chromatographic separation. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1163:122506. [PMID: 33388523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The development of versatile mixed-mode stationary phase materials is of important meanings for solving the increasing demands for real sample analysis. Herein, with 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid as the organic ligand and nickel as the metal centre, MOF-74 nanocrystal materials were facilely grafted on the surface of carboxyl-functionalized silica gel via layer-by-layer assembling technique. The structures of the monodisperse MOF-74@SiO2 material were proved by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller specific surface area and pore size analyzer, respectively. Because the introduced 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid is of hydrophilic carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, the packed MOF-74@SiO2 column reveals hydrophilic interaction/reversed-phase mixed-mode retention properties. Compared with commercial C8 column or silica-based column, the MOF-74@SiO2 column shows distrinct separation selectivity in short separation time for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phenolic compounds and polar sulfonamide compounds. The developed MOF-74@SiO2 column was further successfully applied for the separation and detection of illegal addition of glucocorticoid in children's face cream as well as sulfonamides veterinary drug residues in pure milk. The research provides a simple and convenient approach to prepare multifunctional MOFs-based stationary phase materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchen Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yanyan Jing
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shangdong 264000, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Hongyuan Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Yali Song
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Qiao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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Zhou D, Zheng Y, Luo Q, Gao D, Fu Q, Zhang K, Xia Z, Wang L. Preparation of an aspartame and N-isopropyl acrylamide copolymer functionalized stationary phase with multi-mode and chiral separation abilities. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1634:461675. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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16
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Luan F, Wu Q, Yang Y, Lv H, Liu D, Gan Z, Zeng N. Traditional Uses, Chemical Constituents, Biological Properties, Clinical Settings, and Toxicities of Abelmoschus manihot L.: A Comprehensive Review. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1068. [PMID: 32973492 PMCID: PMC7482509 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abelmoschus manihot, an annual herbal flowering plant, is widely distributed throughout eastern Europe and in temperate and subtropical regions of Asia. Its flowers have been traditionally used for the treatment of chronic kidney disease in China. Currently, more than 128 phytochemical ingredients have been obtained and identified from the flowers, seeds, stems, and leaves of A. manihot. The primary components are flavonoids, amino acids, nucleosides, polysaccharides, organic acids, steroids, and volatile oils. A. manihot and its bioactive constituents possess a plethora of biological properties, including antidiabetic nephropathy, antioxidant, antiadipogenic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anticonvulsant, antidepressant, antiviral, antitumor, cardioprotective, antiplatelet, neuroprotective, immunomodulatory, and hepatoprotective activities, and have effects on cerebral infarction, bone loss, etc. However, insufficient utilization and excessive waste have already led to a rapid reduction of resources, meaning that a study on the sustainable use of A. manihot is urgent and necessary. Moreover, the major biologically active constituents and the mechanisms of action of the flowers have yet to be elucidated. The present paper provides an early and comprehensive review of the traditional uses, chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, and pharmaceutical, quality control, toxicological, and clinical settings to emphasize the benefits of this plant and lays a solid foundation for further development of A. manihot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Luan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment, Xi'an, China.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianhong Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Haizhen Lv
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment, Xi'an, China
| | - Daoheng Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhaoping Gan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment, Xi'an, China
| | - Nan Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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17
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Zhou D, Luo Q, Zeng Q, Zheng Y, Ren X, Gao D, Fu Q, Zhang K, Xia Z, Wang L. Preparation of an aminophenylboronic acid and N-isopropyl acrylamide copolymer functionalized stationary phase for mixed-mode chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1627:461423. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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18
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Poly(ethyleneimine) embedded octadecyl based stationary phase for multimodal chromatographic separation. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Sobańska AW. Emerging or Underestimated Silica-Based Stationary Phases in Liquid Chromatography. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 51:631-655. [PMID: 32482079 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1760782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Several newly synthesized or forgotten silica-based stationary phases proposed for liquid chromatography are described, including non-endcapped, short-chain alkyl phases; hydrophilic and polar-endcapped stationary phases; polar-embedded alkyl phases; long-chain alkyl phases. Stationary phases with aromatic, cyanopropyl, diol and aminopropyl functionalities are also reviewed. Stationary phases of particular interest are biomolecular materials - based on immobilized cholesterol, aminoacids, peptides, proteins or lipoproteins. Packing materials involving macrocyclic chemistry (crown ethers; calixarenes; aza-macrocycles; oligo-and polysaccharides including these of marine origin - chitin- or chitosan-based; macrocyclic antibiotics) are discussed. Since many stationary phases developed for one type of applications (e.g. chiral separation) have been found useful in solving other analytical problems (e.g. drug's plasma protein binding ability), it seemed reasonable to discuss particular chemistries behind the stationary phases presented in this review rather than specific types of interactions or chromatographic modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna W Sobańska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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20
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Bo C, Jia Z, Dai X, Wei Y. Facile preparation of polymer-brush reverse-phase/hydrophilic interaction/ion-exchange tri-mode chromatographic stationary phases by controlled polymerization of three functional monomers. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1619:460966. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.460966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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21
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22
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Gao J, Luo G, Li Z, Li H, Zhao L, Qiu H. A new strategy for the preparation of mixed-mode chromatographic stationary phases based on modified dialdehyde cellulose. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1618:460885. [PMID: 31964512 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.460885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A new strategy for the preparation of mixed-mode chromatographic stationary phases based on modified dialdehyde cellulose was proposed. Two novel mixed-mode chromatographic stationary phases, dicarboxyl cellulose-modified silica (DCC/SiO2) and (S)-α-phenylethylamine-bonded DCC/SiO2 ((S)-α-PEA/DCC/SiO2), were prepared by utilizing the easy functionalization characteristics of dialdehyde cellulose. The chromatographic evaluation showed that DCC/SiO2 column could be used in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) and ion exchange chromatography (IEC) modes, (S)-α-PEA/DCC/SiO2 column could be used in HILIC, IEC and chiral separation modes. The DCC/SiO2 column and (S)-α-PEA/DCC/SiO2 column exhibited excellent chromatographic performance by separating strongly polar compounds, phenylamines and chiral compounds in the above separation modes. The preparation method of modified dialdehyde cellulose-based mixed-mode chromatographic stationary phases was simple, and also provided a new idea for the development of the subsequent novel mixed-mode chromatographic stationary phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guoying Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hui Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Liang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Hongdeng Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Luo Q, Ren X, Wei S, Zheng Y, Gao D, Fu Q, Xia Z, Wang L. Preparation and evaluation of a molybdenum disulfide quantum dots embedded C18 mixed-mode chromatographic stationary phase. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:1365-1374. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02363-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Zuo H, Guo Y, Zhao W, Hu K, Wang X, He L, Zhang S. Controlled Fabrication of Silica@Covalent Triazine Polymer Core-Shell Spheres as a Reversed-Phase/Hydrophilic Interaction Mixed-Mode Chromatographic Stationary Phase. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:46149-46156. [PMID: 31702125 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The unique properties of covalent triazine-based organic framework/polymers, including large surface area, hydrophilic-lipophilic-balanced adsorption, and economical preparation, make it a promising candidate as a stationary phase for high-performance liquid chromatography. However, irregular shapes and wide size distributions of such particles hinder column packing, resulting in a low column efficiency or a high back pressure. Herein, we describe the fabrication of SiO2@ covalent triazine-based organic polymer (CTP) core-shell microspheres with a distinct sphere-coating-sphere appearance using aminosilica as the supporting substrate to grow the CTP shell. By adjusting the amount of reactants, the thickness of the CTP shell, which consists of triazine and 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene monomers, was easily controlled. The developed core-shell microspheres were characterized via scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, and N2 adsorption experiments. The synergism of the triazine and aromatic moieties on CTP provides the new stationary phase with multiple retention mechanisms, including hydrophobic, π-π, electron donor-acceptor, hydrogen-bonding interactions, and so forth. On the basis of these interactions, successful separation and higher shape selectivity were achieved among several analytes that vary in polarity under both reversed-phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography conditions. Therefore, SiO2@CTP microspheres combine the advantages of good column packing properties of the uniform monodisperse silica microspheres and the recognition performance of CTP, generating flexible selectivity and application prospect for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Zuo
- School of Chemistry, Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Henan University of Technology , Zhengzhou 450001 , Henan , People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Guo
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Henan University of Technology , Zhengzhou 450001 , Henan , People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Hu
- Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Zhengzhou 450008 , People's Republic of China
| | - XiaoYu Wang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC , Zhengzhou 450008 , People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun He
- School of Chemistry, Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Henan University of Technology , Zhengzhou 450001 , Henan , People's Republic of China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , People's Republic of China
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25
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Preparation of two ionic liquid bonded stationary phases and comparative evaluation under mixed-mode of reversed phase/ hydrophilic interaction/ ion exchange chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1605:460372. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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26
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Stable-bond polymeric reversed-phase/weak anion-exchange mixed-mode stationary phases obtained by simultaneous functionalization and crosslinking of a poly(3-mercaptopropyl)methylsiloxane-film on vinyl silica via thiol-ene double click reaction. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1593:110-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.01.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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27
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Li X, Li B, Liu M, Zhou Y, Zhang L, Qiao X. Core-Shell Metal-Organic Frameworks as the Mixed-Mode Stationary Phase for Hydrophilic Interaction/Reversed-Phase Chromatography. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:10320-10327. [PMID: 30785718 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Stationary phases with mixed-mode mechanisms have emerged as a hot research topic. In the present research, monodisperse core-shell UiO-67@SiO2 materials were prepared and further served as the packed column for mixed-mode hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography/reversed-phase liquid chromatography. The developed UiO-67@SiO2 materials were characterized via thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray Powder diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared techniques. The developed UiO-67@SiO2 column shows flexible selectivity for separation of both hydrophobic (anilines, alkylbenzenes, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and hydrophilic (thioureas) compounds. Furthermore, the UiO-67@SiO2 column was also utilized to characterize potential pollutants in lake water samples. In summary, the UiO-67@SiO2 column provided flexible selectivity and wide-range retention behaviors for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyun Li
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Analytical Science & Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis , Hebei University , Baoding 071002 , China
| | - Bo Li
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Analytical Science & Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis , Hebei University , Baoding 071002 , China
| | - Mingchen Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Analytical Science & Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis , Hebei University , Baoding 071002 , China
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Analytical Science & Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis , Hebei University , Baoding 071002 , China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Liaoning Province , Dalian Medical University , No. 9 Lvshun South Road , Dalian 116044 , China
| | - Xiaoqiang Qiao
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Analytical Science & Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis , Hebei University , Baoding 071002 , China
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28
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Mao Z, Hu C, Li Z, Chen Z. A reversed-phase/hydrophilic bifunctional interaction mixed-mode monolithic column with biphenyl and quaternary ammonium stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography. Analyst 2019; 144:4386-4394. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an00428a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel RPLC/HILIC mixed-mode monolithic column with biphenyl and quaternary ammonium stationary phases is synthesized for capillary electrochromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenkun Mao
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery
- Ministry of Education
- and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan 430071
- China
| | - Changjun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery
- Ministry of Education
- and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan 430071
- China
| | - Zhentao Li
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery
- Ministry of Education
- and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan 430071
- China
| | - Zilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery
- Ministry of Education
- and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan 430071
- China
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29
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Ren X, Hu C, Gao D, Fu Q, Zhang K, Zu F, Zeng J, Wang L, Xia Z. Preparation of a poly(ethyleneimine) embedded phenyl stationary phase for mixed-mode liquid chromatography. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1042:165-173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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