1
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Li F, Karongo R, Mavridou D, Horak J, Sievers-Engler A, Lämmerhofer M. Automated sample preparation with 6-Aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate and iodoacetamide derivatization reagents for enantioselective liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry amino acid analysis. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1708:464349. [PMID: 37696129 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Enantioselective amino acid analysis is gaining increasing importance in pharmaceutical, biomedical and food sciences. While there are many methods available for enantiomer separation of amino acids, the simultaneous analysis of all chiral proteinogenic amino acids by a single method with one column and a single condition is still challenging. Herein, we report an enantioselective high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) assay using Chiralpak QN-AX as chiral column. With 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydrosysuccinimidyl carbamate (AQC) as derivatization reagent, efficient enantioselective separation of D- and L-amino acids using HPLC has become possible. Thiol-containing amino acids like Cys are alkylated prior to AQC-labelling. A protocol for automated sample preparation including both derivatization step and calibrator preparation is presented. For compensating matrix effects, u-13C15N-labelled internal standards (IS) were employed. The method was validated and applied to the enantioselective analysis of amino acids in a bacterial fermentation broth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyang Li
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical (Bio-)Analysis, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ryan Karongo
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical (Bio-)Analysis, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Invite GmbH, Formulation Technology, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany; Bayer AG, Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Analytical Development API, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Despoina Mavridou
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical (Bio-)Analysis, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jeannie Horak
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich Medical Center, Lindwurmstraße 4, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Adrian Sievers-Engler
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical (Bio-)Analysis, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Lämmerhofer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical (Bio-)Analysis, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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2
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Ma Z, Shang P, Liu D, Nie Y, Liu Y, Guo X, Wei B, Bai L, Qiao X. Preparation and chromatographic performance of chiral peptide-based stationary phases for enantiomeric separation. Chirality 2023; 35:636-644. [PMID: 36951148 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the development of three new chiral stationary phases. They are based on silica modified with peptides containing phenylalanine and proline. Successful analyses and characterizations were conducted using Fourier transform infrared spectra, elemental analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. After this, the enantioselective performance of the three chiral peptide-based columns was evaluated. The evaluation used 11 racemic compounds under normal-phase high performance liquid chromatography mode. Optimized enantiomeric separation conditions were established. Under these conditions, the enantiomers of flurbiprofen and naproxen were successfully separated on CSP-1 column: the separation factor of these was 1.27 and 1.21, respectively. In addition, the reproducibility of the CSP-1 column was also investigated. The results of the investigation illustrated that the stationary phases have good reproducibility (RSD = 0.73%, n = 5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyue Ma
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Panpan Shang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Delu Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yangyang Nie
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Xinyuan Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Benben Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Ligai Bai
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Qiao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
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3
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Silica Immobilised Chloro- and Amido-Derivatives of Eremomycine as Chiral Stationary Phases for the Enantioseparation of Amino Acids by Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010085. [PMID: 36615283 PMCID: PMC9822235 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrocyclic glycopeptide antibiotics immobilized on silica are one of the effective classes of stationary phases for chiral recognition and HPLC separation of a wide range of optically active compounds. Enantioselectivity primarily depends on the chemical structure of the chiral ligand, immobilization chemistry, and separation conditions. In the present work, three new chiral stationary phases (CSPs) based on macrocyclic antibiotic eremomycin were prepared and investigated for enantioseparation of amino acids. Two eremomycin derivatives, including simple non-substituted amide and bulky adamantyl amide, provided important information on the role of the carboxylic group in the eremomycin structure in the chiral recognition mechanism concerning amino acid optical isomers. One more CSP having a chlorine atom in the same position elucidates the role of the first aromatic ring in the eremomycin structure as a crucial point for chiral recognition. CSP with immobilized chloreremomycin was the most successful among the phases prepared in this work. It was additionally investigated under various separation conditions, including the type and content of the organic solvent in the eluent, the effects of different additives, and the concentration and pH of the buffer. Importantly, an efficient enantioselective separation of amino acids was achieved with pure water as the eluent.
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4
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Ultrafast simultaneous chiral analysis of native amino acid enantiomers using supercritical fluid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1677:463305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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5
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Influence of amino acid residue on chromatographic behaviour of μ-opioid receptor agonist tetrapeptide analogue on crown ether based chiral stationary phase. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1673:463059. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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6
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Calderón C, Lämmerhofer M. Enantioselective metabolomics by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 207:114430. [PMID: 34757254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics strives to capture the entirety of the metabolites in a biological system by comprehensive analysis, often by liquid chromatography hyphenated to mass spectrometry. A particular challenge thereby is the differentiation of structural isomers. Common achiral targeted and untargeted assays do not distinguish between enantiomers. This may lead to information loss. An increasing number of publications demonstrate that the enantiomeric ratio of certain metabolites can be meaningful biomarkers of certain diseases emphasizing the importance of introducing enantioselective analytical procedures in metabolomics. In this work, the state-of-the-art in the field of LC-MS based metabolomics is summarized with focus on developments in the recent decade. Methodologies, tagging strategies, workflows and general concepts are outlined. Selected biological applications in which enantioselective metabolomics has documented its usefulness are briefly discussed. In general, targeted enantioselective metabolomics assays are often based on a direct approach using chiral stationary phases (CSP) with polysaccharide derivatives, macrocyclic antibiotics, chiral crown ethers, chiral ion exchangers, donor-acceptor phases as chiral selectors. Rarely, these targeted assays focus on more than 20 analytes and usually are restricted to a certain metabolite class. In a variety of cases, pre-column derivatization of metabolites has been performed, especially for amino acids, to improve separation and detection sensitivity. Triple quadrupole instruments are the detection methods of first choice in targeted assays. Here, issues like matrix effect, absence of blank matrix impair accuracy of results. In selected applications, multiple heart cutting 2D-LC (RP followed by chiral separation) has been pursued to overcome this problem and alleviate bias due to interferences. Non-targeted assays, on the other hand, are based on indirect approach involving tagging with a chiral derivatizing agent (CDA). Besides classical CDAs numerous innovative reagents and workflows have been proposed and are discussed. Thereby, a critical issue for the accuracy is often neglected, viz. the validation of the enantiomeric impurity in the CDA. The majority of applications focus on amino acids, hydroxy acids, oxidized fatty acids and oxylipins. Some potential clinical applications are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Calderón
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical (Bio-)Analysis, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
| | - Michael Lämmerhofer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical (Bio-)Analysis, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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7
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Recent developments in separation methods for enantiomeric ratio determination of amino acids specifically involved in cataract and Alzheimer's disease. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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8
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Berkecz R, Németi G, Péter A, Ilisz I. Liquid Chromatographic Enantioseparations Utilizing Chiral Stationary Phases Based on Crown Ethers and Cyclofructans. Molecules 2021; 26:4648. [PMID: 34361801 PMCID: PMC8348247 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds can exist in different forms, where molecules possessing chirality play an essential role in living organisms. Currently, one of the most important tasks of modern analytical chemistry is the enantioseparation of chiral compounds, in particular, the enantiomers of compounds having biological and/or pharmaceutical activity. Whether the task is to analyze environmental or food samples or to develop an assay for drug control, well-reproducible, highly sensitive, stereoselective, and robust methods are required. High-performance liquid chromatography best meets these conditions. Nevertheless, in many cases, gas chromatography, supercritical fluid chromatography, or capillary electrophoresis can also offer a suitable solution. Amino acids, proteins, cyclodextrins, derivatized polysaccharides, macrocyclic glycopeptides, and ion exchangers can serve as efficient selectors in liquid chromatography, and they are quite frequently applied and reviewed. Crown ethers and cyclofructans possessing similar structural characteristics and selectivity in the enantiodiscrimination of different amine compounds are discussed less frequently. This review collects information on enantioseparations achieved recently with the use of chiral stationary phases based on crown ethers or cyclofructans, focusing on liquid chromatographic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - István Ilisz
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Szeged, Somogyi u. 4, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (R.B.); (G.N.); (A.P.)
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9
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Ohnishi A, Shibata T, Imase T, Shinkura S, Nagai K. Achiral Molecular Recognition of Substituted Aniline Position Isomers by Crown Ether Type Chiral Stationary Phase. Molecules 2021; 26:493. [PMID: 33477703 PMCID: PMC7831907 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the selectivity of the crown ether type chiral stationary phase (CSP), the retention selectivity for aniline and the positional isomers of substituted anilines were studied. In various substituted isomers, except nitroaniline, a remarkable decrease of retention due to steric hindrance was observed for the 2-substituted isomer. To determine the detailed molecular recognition mechanism, quantum chemical calculations were performed for the aggregates between the crown ether and the anilines. The results suggested that the 20-Crown-6, which includes a phenyl-substituted 1,1'-binaphthyl moiety, interacts with alkyl and aryl amines in an unconventional form different from the proposed one for 18-Crown-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Ohnishi
- R&D Center, Analytical Tools BU, CPI Company, Daicel Corporation, Myoko, Niigata 944-8550, Japan;
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Tohru Shibata
- Global R&D Group, CPI Company, Daicel Corporation, Himeji, Hyogo 671-1283, Japan; (T.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Tatsuya Imase
- Analytical Solution, Corporate Research Center, Innovation and Business Development Headquarters, Daicel Corporation, Himeji, Hyogo 671-1283, Japan;
| | - Satoshi Shinkura
- Global R&D Group, CPI Company, Daicel Corporation, Himeji, Hyogo 671-1283, Japan; (T.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Kanji Nagai
- R&D Center, Analytical Tools BU, CPI Company, Daicel Corporation, Myoko, Niigata 944-8550, Japan;
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
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10
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Enantiomeric resolution of quinolones on crown ether CSP: Thermodynamics, chiral discrimination mechanism and application in biological samples. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1166:122550. [PMID: 33545563 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The enantiomers of quinolone racemates were resolved using chiral crown ether within 8 min. Thermodynamics data and modeling results were used to determine chiral recognition mechanism. The column used was (+)-Crownpack column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) with three mobile phases I: ACN:Water (80:20) + 10 mM H2SO4 and 10 mM CH3COONH4, II: ACN:Water (80:20) + 20 mM perchloric acid and III: EtOH:Water (80:20) + 20 mM perchloric acid. The flow rate of the mobile phases was 1.0 mL/min with UV detection at different wavelengths. The ranges of retention (k), separation (α), and resolution (Rs) factors were 1.00-5.40, 1.37-2.00 and 1.50-3.30. The tailing factor was 1.o for all peaks with 900-2325 as the number of theoretical plates were 8.0-10.0 and 32.4-22.1 µg. The difference in enthalpy, entropy and free energy varied in the range of -0.350 to -0.024, 18.74 × 10-4 to 3.94 × 10-4 and -0.918 to -0.143, respectively. The thermodynamic and docking results showed chiral discrimination due to physical forces of amnio group cations penetration into the chiral cavity of the chiral selector following hydrogen bindings. The binding energy of S-enantiomers was higher than R-enantiomers; confirming stronger binding of S-enantiomers with CSP than R-enantiomers. The described chiral-HPLC method was used for the analysis of the quinolone enantiomers in urine samples and the results were quite satisfactory. Therefore, the reported method may be used for the enantiomeric separation of quinolone enantiomers in urine samples.
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11
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Wang YP, Liang F, Liu S. Molecular dynamics simulations of amino acid adsorption and transport at the acetonitrile–water–silica interface: the role of side chains. RSC Adv 2021; 11:21666-21677. [PMID: 35478806 PMCID: PMC9034086 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03982b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The solvation and transport of amino acid residues at liquid–solid interfaces have great importance for understanding the mechanism of separation of biomolecules in liquid chromatography. This study uses umbrella sampling molecular dynamics simulations to study the adsorption and transport of three amino acid molecules with different side chains (phenylalanine (Phe), leucine (Leu) and glutamine (Gln)) at the silica–water–acetonitrile interface in liquid chromatography. Free energy analysis shows that the Gln molecule has stronger binding affinity than the other two molecules, indicating the side chain polarity may play a primary role in adsorption at the liquid–solid interface. The Phe molecule with a phenyl side chain exhibits stronger adsorption free energy than Leu with a non-polar side chain, which can be ascribed to the better solvated configuration of Phe. Further analysis of molecular orientations found that the amino acid molecules with apolar side chains (Phe and Leu) have ‘standing up’ configurations at their stable adsorption state, where the polar functional groups are close to the interface and the side chain is far from the interface, whereas the amino acid molecule with a polar side chain (Gln) chooses the ‘lying’ configuration, and undergoes a sharp orientation transition when the molecule moves away from the silica surface. Extending our simulation studies to systems with different solute concentrations reveals that there is a decrease in the adsorption free energy as well as surface diffusion as the solute concentration increases, which is related to the crowding in the interfacial layers. This simulation study gives a detailed microscopic description of amino acid molecule solvation and transport at the acetonitrile–water–silica interface in liquid chromatography and will be helpful for understanding the retention mechanism for amino acid separation. The solvation and transport of amino acid residues at liquid–solid interfaces have great importance for understanding the mechanism of separation of biomolecules in liquid chromatography.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Peng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Fei Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Shule Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite & Functional Materials of Ministry of Education
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12
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Niu X, Yang X, Li H, Liu J, Liu Z, Wang K. Application of chiral materials in electrochemical sensors. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:676. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04646-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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13
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Konya Y, Izumi Y, Bamba T. Development of a novel method for polar metabolite profiling by supercritical fluid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1632:461587. [PMID: 33059177 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2), the main fluid in the mobile phase for supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC), is non-polar. The majority of polar compounds are little soluble in scCO2, thereby rendering them poor candidates for achieving separation by carbon dioxide-based SFC. There is no reported method for the comprehensive analysis of hydrophilic metabolites by SFC with mobile phases comprising a high CO2 ratio. In this study, we investigated the effect of additives in the modifier for enabling the application of SFC to profile diverse polar compounds for metabolomics. Eleven types of columns were screened by using proteinogenic amino acids as the model compounds. The addition of water and acids (formic acid and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA)) to the modifier was also investigated to improve the solubility of the polar compounds and mitigate the unfavorable interaction between the stationary phase and the polar compounds. A significant improvement in the peak shapes of the amino acids was observed upon addition of TFA. The CO2/modifier ratio and TFA concentration in the mobile phases were investigated using the CROWNPAK CR-I (+) column, which showed the best performance during the column-screening. The CO2/methanol/water/TFA ratio of 70/27/3/0.15 (v/v/v/v) was determined as the optimized mobile phase composition. Furthermore, the applicability of the optimized analytical method to other polar compounds was examined; 100 cationic and amphoteric compounds with predicted logPow values that ranged from -5.9 to 1.7 could be simultaneously analyzed without derivatization. Anionic compounds such as organic acids, phosphates, and sugars were excluded from the target analytes. Most of the previously reported SFC methods for analyzing polar compounds employ a gradient elution and require the use of high modifier ratios at 40% or more. In the proposed method, the use of water and TFA enabled the rapid and simultaneous analysis under isocratic elution within 10 min, even with a high CO2 ratio of 70%. Additionally, a rat serum extract was analyzed using the optimized conditions, and 43 polar metabolites were successfully detected. This result demonstrates the applicability of the SFC/tandem mass spectrometry method to real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Konya
- Division of Metabolomics, Research Center for Transomics Medicine, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Izumi
- Division of Metabolomics, Research Center for Transomics Medicine, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takeshi Bamba
- Division of Metabolomics, Research Center for Transomics Medicine, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
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14
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Immobilization of 6-O-α-maltosyl-β-cyclodextrin on the surface of black phosphorus nanosheets for selective chiral recognition of tyrosine enantiomers. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:636. [PMID: 33141322 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04606-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A novel chiral sensing platform, 6-O-α-maltosyl-β-cyclodextrin (Mal-βCD)-based film, is proposed for selective electrochemical recognition of tyrosine (Tyr) enantiomers. Black phosphorus nanosheets (BP NSs) and Mal-βCD modified glassy carbon electrode (Mal-βCD/BP NSs/GCE) were prepared by a layer-to-layer drop-casting method, and the platform was easy to fabricate and facile to operate. It is proposed that the amino and hydroxyl groups of the Tyr enantiomers and the chiral hydroxyl groups of Mal-βCD selectively form intermolecular hydrogen bonds to dominate effective chiral recognition. Two linear equations of Ip (μA) = 11.40 CL-Tyr (mM) + 0.28 (R2 = 0.99147) and Ip (μA) = 7.96 CD-Tyr (mM) + 0.22 (R2 = 0.99583) in the concentration range 0.01-1.00 mM have been obtained. The limits of detection (S/N=3) for L-Tyr and D-Tyr were 4.81 and 6.89 µM, respectively. An interesting phenomenon was that the value of IL-Tyr/ID-Tyr (1.51) in this work was slightly higher than the value of IL-Trp/ID-Trp (1.49) reported in our previous study, where tryptophan (Trp) enantiomers were electrochemically recognized by Nafion (NF)-stabilized BPNSs-G2-β-CD composite. The two similar sensors fabricated by different methods showed different recognition ability toward either Tyr or Trp enantiomers, and the underlying mechanism was discussed in detail. More importantly, the proposed chiral sensor enables prediction of the percentages of D-Tyr in racemic Tyr mixtures. The chiral sensor may provide a novel approach for the fabrication of novel chiral platforms in the practical detection of L- or D-enantiomer in racemic Tyr mixtures.Graphical abstract.
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15
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Lange J, Djago F, Eddhif B, Remaury QB, Ruf A, Leitner NKV, Hendecourt LLS, Danger G, Rodier CG, Papot S, Poinot P. A Novel Proteomics-Based Strategy for the Investigation of Peptide Sequences in Extraterrestrial Samples. J Proteome Res 2020; 20:1444-1450. [PMID: 33078610 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Method development is one of the objectives of the astrophysical community for characterizing the organic matter in objects of the solar system. In this context, we report on the development of an enzyme-catalyzed stereoselective hydrolysis, inspired by the proteomics discipline, which has enabled the indirect detection of peptide sequences in extraterrestrial samples. A proof of concept has been performed on a Murchison extract. We show that our approach can successfully highlight l- and d-amino acids involved in peptide bonds. While we show that some d-amino acids must have been involved in peptide bonds, we cannot at this stage conclude on the indigenous or exogenous nature of these biopolymers. However, our strategy constitutes the first step toward direct UPLC-MS evidence of peptide sequences in extraterrestrial samples. It should thus contribute to deepening knowledge on the molecules available in the solar system, hence providing new clues about their chemical history, especially on Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Lange
- UMR CNRS 7285, Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), University of Poitiers, 4 rue Michel-Brunet, TSA 51106, 86073 Poitiers cedex 9, France
| | - Fabiola Djago
- UMR CNRS 7285, Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), University of Poitiers, 4 rue Michel-Brunet, TSA 51106, 86073 Poitiers cedex 9, France
| | - Balkis Eddhif
- UMR CNRS 7285, Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), University of Poitiers, 4 rue Michel-Brunet, TSA 51106, 86073 Poitiers cedex 9, France
| | - Quentin B Remaury
- UMR CNRS 7285, Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), University of Poitiers, 4 rue Michel-Brunet, TSA 51106, 86073 Poitiers cedex 9, France
| | - Alexander Ruf
- UMR CNRS 7345, Physics of Ionic and Molecular Interactions (PIIM), ASTRO Team, Aix-Marseille University, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niémen, 13397 Marseille cedex 20, France
| | - Nathalie K V Leitner
- UMR CNRS 7285, Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), University of Poitiers, 4 rue Michel-Brunet, TSA 51106, 86073 Poitiers cedex 9, France
| | - Louis L S Hendecourt
- UMR CNRS 7345, Physics of Ionic and Molecular Interactions (PIIM), ASTRO Team, Aix-Marseille University, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niémen, 13397 Marseille cedex 20, France
| | - Grégoire Danger
- UMR CNRS 7345, Physics of Ionic and Molecular Interactions (PIIM), ASTRO Team, Aix-Marseille University, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niémen, 13397 Marseille cedex 20, France.,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Claude G Rodier
- UMR CNRS 7285, Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), University of Poitiers, 4 rue Michel-Brunet, TSA 51106, 86073 Poitiers cedex 9, France
| | - Sébastien Papot
- UMR CNRS 7285, Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), University of Poitiers, 4 rue Michel-Brunet, TSA 51106, 86073 Poitiers cedex 9, France
| | - Pauline Poinot
- UMR CNRS 7285, Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), University of Poitiers, 4 rue Michel-Brunet, TSA 51106, 86073 Poitiers cedex 9, France
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16
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Violi JP, Bishop DP, Padula MP, Steele JR, Rodgers KJ. Considerations for amino acid analysis by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: A tutorial review. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.116018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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17
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Carenzi G, Sacchi S, Abbondi M, Pollegioni L. Direct chromatographic methods for enantioresolution of amino acids: recent developments. Amino Acids 2020; 52:849-862. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-020-02873-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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18
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Fast enantiomeric separation of amino acids using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry on a chiral crown ether stationary phase. J Biosci Bioeng 2020; 130:437-442. [PMID: 32616382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fast enantiomeric separation of amino acids was studied by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) on a chiral crown ether stationary phase. A chiral crown ether bonded silica column (3 mm internal diameter (i.d.), 5 cm long) packed with 3 μm particles was employed instead of a 15 cm column packed with 5 μm particles used in our previous study. In addition, the extra-column variance, becoming more serious for smaller columns, was reduced by replacing 0.127 mm i.d. post-column tubes with shorter, smaller-diameter (0.0635 mm i.d.) tubes. The results demonstrated the benefits of using shorter columns packed with smaller particles and the reduction of the extra-column band broadening for fast enantiomeric separation. Finally, the enantiomeric separation of 18 pairs of proteinogenic amino acids was achieved within 2 min with a resolution (Rs) > 1.5 for each pair using an isocratic mobile phase of acetonitrile/water/trifluoroacetic acid (ACN/W/TFA) = 96/4/0.5, and a flow rate 1.2 mL/min at 30°C. This is the highest throughput method for simultaneous chiral separation of all proteinogenic amino acids except proline to date.
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19
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A study of tetrapeptide enantiomeric separation on crown ether based chiral stationary phases. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1622:461152. [PMID: 32376024 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The chiral separations of small peptides is an important challenge in the biological and medical sciences, because different stereoisomers of chiral drugs can often possess different pharmacological, pharmacokinetic, and/or toxicological activities. Commercially available crown ether chiral stationary phases based on S-(3,3'-diphenyl-1,1'-binaphthyl)-20-crown-6 (CROWNPAK CR-I (+)) and (+)-(18-crown-6)-2,3,11,12-tetracarboxylic acid (ChiroSil RCA (+)) have been successfully used for separating enantiomers of various racemic compounds containing primary amino groups. In this investigation, enantioresolution of more complex model analyte - tetrapeptide Tyr-Arg-Phe-Lys-NH2, has been reported on crown ether chiral stationary phases. Organic and acidic modifier content in aqueous mobile phase was tested. All Tyr-Arg-Phe-Lys-NH2 stereoisomers showed U-shaped retention plots, based on ACN content in mobile phase. Increased retention of tetrapeptide stereoisomers was observed at low (<35%) and at high (>70%) acetonitrile content in the mobile phase, indicating that different separation mechanisms are most likely involved. As a result, baseline separation of all eight tetrapeptide enantiomer pairs was achieved under isocratic elution mode on both chiral columns.
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20
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Ali I, Suhail M, ALOthman ZA, Al-Mohaimeed AM, Alwarthan A. Chiral resolution of four stereomers and simulation studies of newly synthesized antibacterial agents having two chiral centers. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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21
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Miller L, Yue L. Chiral separation of underivatized amino acids in supercritical fluid chromatography with chiral crown ether derived column. Chirality 2020; 32:981-989. [PMID: 32141123 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The supercritical fluid chromatographic separation of underivatized amino acids was explored using immobilized chiral crown ether column CROWNPAK CR-I (+) and mass spectrometric detection. The type of modifier, acidic additives, and the role of water were investigated. Enantioseparation was achieved for all 18 amino acids investigated with short retention times (less than 3 minutes) and average resolution of greater than 5.0. Analysis of enantiomerically pure standards demonstrated the D enantiomer eluted first for all amino acids using a CROWNPAK CR-I (+) column.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lei Yue
- Amgen Research, Amgen, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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22
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Gao J, Quan K, Li H, Li Z, Zhao L, Qiu H. Preparation and evaluation of biselector bonded-type multifunctional chiral stationary phase based on dialdehyde cellulose and 6-monodeoxy-6-monoamino-β-cyclodextrine derivatives. Chirality 2020; 32:387-399. [PMID: 31965651 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel biselector bonded-type multifunctional chiral stationary phase (MCSP) was prepared by covalently crosslinking dialdehyde cellulose (DAC) with 6-monodeoxy-6-monoamino-β-cyclodextrine (CD) via Schiff base reaction. The biselector bonded-type MCSP had good chiral and achiral chromatographic performance in normal phase (NP) and reversed phase (RP) modes. Seven and eight enantiomers were successfully separated on the prepared biselector bonded-type MCSP in NP and RP modes, respectively. The biselector bonded-type MCSP showed enhanced chiral resolution ability compared with single selector chiral stationary phases due to the simultaneous introduction of DAC and 6-monodeoxy-6-monoamino-β-CD on the surface of silica gel. Aromatic compounds including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, anilines, phenols, phenylates, and aromatic acids were choosed as analytes to investigate the achiral chromatographic performance of the biselector bonded-type MCSP in NP and RP modes. Chromatographic evaluation results showed that the above aromatic compounds were essentially capable of achieving baseline separation by hydrophobic interaction, π-π interaction, and π-π electron-donor-acceptor interaction. Moreover, the host-guest inclusion effect of 6-monodeoxy-6-monoamino-β-CD and the multiple interactions made the biselector bonded-type MCSP have good steric selectivity. The preparation method of the biselector bonded-type MCSP was simple and provided a new idea and strategy for the preparation of the subsequent novel biselector MCSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Kaijun Quan
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhan Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hongdeng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P. R. China
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23
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Wang Y, Zhuo S, Hou J, Li W, Ji Y. Construction of β-Cyclodextrin Covalent Organic Framework-Modified Chiral Stationary Phase for Chiral Separation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:48363-48369. [PMID: 31794183 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chiral covalent organic frameworks (CCOFs), built by the condensation reactions of organic building blocks with enantiomeric purity and linking subunits, have emerged as a marvelous category of porous crystalline material. In addition to stability and good porosity, CCOFs possess remarkable enantioselectivity, which would be exploited for asymmetric catalysis and chiral separation. β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and its derivatives, a group of supramolecules with a hydrophobic cavity, have been widely applied to molecular specific recognitions. In this work, the β-CD covalent organic framework (COF) was exploited to construct chiral stationary phase (CSP) for chiral drugs analysis for the first time. We fabricated β-CD COF via the condensation reaction of heptakis(6-amino-6-deoxy)-β-CD and terephthalaldehyde at room temperature. β-CD COF-modified capillary columns were subsequently prepared by a photopolymerization method with shortened time and applied for separation of chiral drugs on capillary electrochromatography with good resolution and repeatability. Baseline separation for six enantiomers was achieved and the precisions (relative standard deviations) for intraday, interday, and column-to-column were <2.1%, 4.5%, and 7.3%, respectively. The results reveal that CCOFs-coated capillary columns show great prospect for chromatographic separation of chiral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Wang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance , Ministry of Education , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - SiQi Zhuo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance , Ministry of Education , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Jingwen Hou
- Department of Analytical Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance , Ministry of Education , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Wang Li
- Department of Analytical Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance , Ministry of Education , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Yibing Ji
- Department of Analytical Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance , Ministry of Education , Nanjing 210009 , China
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24
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Yu RB, Quirino JP. Chiral liquid chromatography and capillary electrochromatography: Trends from 2017 to 2018. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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