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Wang M, Jin L, Hang-Mei Leung P, Wang-Ngai Chow F, Zhao X, Chen H, Pan W, Liu H, Li S. Advancements in magnetic nanoparticle-based biosensors for point-of-care testing. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1393789. [PMID: 38725992 PMCID: PMC11079239 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1393789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The significance of point-of-care testing (POCT) in early clinical diagnosis and personalized patient care is increasingly recognized as a crucial tool in reducing disease outbreaks and improving patient survival rates. Within the realm of POCT, biosensors utilizing magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have emerged as a subject of substantial interest. This review aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the current landscape of POCT, emphasizing its growing significance within clinical practice. Subsequently, the current status of the combination of MNPs in the Biological detection has been presented. Furthermore, it delves into the specific domain of MNP-based biosensors, assessing their potential impact on POCT. By combining existing research and spotlighting pivotal discoveries, this review enhances our comprehension of the advancements and promising prospects offered by MNP-based biosensors in the context of POCT. It seeks to facilitate informed decision-making among healthcare professionals and researchers while also promoting further exploration in this promising field of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Lian Jin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Polly Hang-Mei Leung
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Franklin Wang-Ngai Chow
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaoni Zhao
- Guangzhou Wanfu Biotechnology Company, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Pan
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Hongna Liu
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Song Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, China
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Rare Pediatric Diseases, Ministry of Education, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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Deng H, Tang S, Yang F, Chen D, Bian Z, Wang Y, Tang G, Lee HK. Recent advances in the analysis of electronic cigarette liquids and aerosols: Sample preparation and chromatographic characterization. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1712:464495. [PMID: 37952386 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) usage has risen dramatically worldwide in recent years. It has been publicized as a safer alternative to the conventional combustible cigarette. This, however, has not yet been supported by robust toxicological research evidence. Analysis of the chemical compositions of e-liquids and generated aerosols is an important step in evaluating the toxicity effects of e-cigarettes. Currently, a broad spectrum of analytical methods have been employed for qualitative and quantitative analysis of chemical compositions of e-cigarette liquids and aerosols. The aim of this article is to review the advances in the chromatographic characterization of chemical composition of the latter in the recent five years. In addition, sample preparation methods for e-liquids and aerosols are surveyed and discussed. A study of the relevant literature indicates that, expectedly, gas chromatography and liquid chromatography with a variety of detection systems, particularly mass spectrometry, have been the main analytical techniques used in this field. Sample preparation procedures primarily include headspace sampling, dilute-and-shoot approach, liquid-liquid extraction and sorbent-based extraction for e-liquids and for aerosols (the latter usually with laboratory-built collection devices). Some challenges of current e-cigarette analytical research, and an overview on prospective work are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Deng
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, High and New Technology Industries Development Zone, No.6 Cuizhu Street, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Sheng Tang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212003, China
| | - Fei Yang
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, High and New Technology Industries Development Zone, No.6 Cuizhu Street, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Yunnan Institute of Tobacco Quality Inspection & Supervision, Kunming 650106, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhaoyang Bian
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, High and New Technology Industries Development Zone, No.6 Cuizhu Street, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ying Wang
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, High and New Technology Industries Development Zone, No.6 Cuizhu Street, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Gangling Tang
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, High and New Technology Industries Development Zone, No.6 Cuizhu Street, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Hian Kee Lee
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212003, China; Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
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3
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Yao Z, Li M, Sun Y, Wang C, Wei Y. Preparation of restricted-access boronate affinity adsorbent with excellent anti-protein adsorption property for directly extracting small cis-diol molecules from biological matrices. Talanta 2023; 265:124867. [PMID: 37385192 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Boronate affinity adsorbents are of great promise in the enrichment of small cis-diol-containing molecules (cis-diols) from biological matrices. This work develops a restricted-access boronate affinity mesoporous adsorbent, in which boronate sites are only distributed on the internal surface of mesopores and the external surface is a strongly hydrophilic layer. The adsorbent has high binding capacities (30.3 mg g-1, 22.9 mg g-1 and 14.9 mg g-1 for dopamine, catechol and adenosine, respectively) in spite of removal of the boronate sites on the external surface of adsorbent. The adsorption specific of adsorbent towards cis-diols was assessed by dispersive solid-phase extraction (d-SPE) method, and the results show that the adsorbent can selectively extract small cis-diols in the biosamples while exclude proteins completely. Under the optimal d-SPE, the nucleosides and cis-diol drugs in human serum were successfully analyzed by coupling d-SPE with high-performance liquid chromatography. Where, the detection limits are between 6.1 and 13.4 ng mL-1 for four nucleosides, and 24.9 and 34.3 ng mL-1 for two cis-diol drugs; the relative recoveries of all the analytes vary from 84.1% to 110.1% (RSDs <13.4%, n = 6). The results indicate that the adsorbent can directly treat the real biosamples without the necessary protein precipitation steps in advance, thus simplifying the analysis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewei Yao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Mao Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Chaozhan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China
| | - Yinmao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China.
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Guo X, Jiang H, Guo Y, Jia L, Jing X, Wu J. Subzero-temperature homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction for the stereoselective determination of chiral triadimefon and its metabolite in water, fruit juice, vinegar, and fermented liquor by HPLC. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:5492-5499. [PMID: 37842813 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01061a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
A novel method based on homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction with deep eutectic solvents (DES) under subzero-temperature conditions in combination with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the determination of chiral fungicide triadimefon (TF) and its metabolite triadimenol (TN) in water, fruit juice, vinegar, and fermented liquor was developed in this study. The method involved using deep eutectic solvents (DES) under subzero-temperature conditions in combination with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This novel technique, known as subzero-temperature homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction (STHLLE), offers several advantages, including high efficiency, time-saving, low-cost, and eco-friendliness. The enantiomers of chiral TF and TN were simultaneously separated and quantified using HPLC coupled with a Daicel Chiralpak OD-RH column. Various experimental parameters such as DES composition and volume, freezing condition, salt concentration, and pH were optimized to enhance the recoveries of the target analytes. Under the optimized conditions, spiked recoveries of six enantiomers (i.e., S-TF, R-TF, SR-TN, RS-TN, SS-TN, and RR-TN) in the water, fruit juice, vinegar, and fermented liquor samples were 82.2-100.1% with relative standard deviations of 0.4-10.1%. The current method demonstrated a detection range of 0.03-0.06 mg L-1 in the target analytes. This established technique exhibits potential for efficient and precise extraction and quantification of the enantiomers of TF and TN in water phase samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingle Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China.
- Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing 100097, China.
| | - Haijuan Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China.
- Graduate Education Innovation Center on Baijiu Bioengineering in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Yuqi Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China.
| | - Liyan Jia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China.
- Graduate Education Innovation Center on Baijiu Bioengineering in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Xu Jing
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China.
- Graduate Education Innovation Center on Baijiu Bioengineering in Shanxi Province, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Junxue Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing 100097, China.
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Zhu Z, Wang L, Jia Y, Duan S, Li S, Jiang L, Lin X, Yan F, Hou C, Hu C, Di B. Magnetic Liposomes Infused with GPCR-Expressing Cell Membrane for Targeted Extraction Using Minimum Organic Solvent: An Investigative Study of Trace THC in Sewage. Anal Chem 2023; 95:12613-12622. [PMID: 37583350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Trace analysis of lipophilic substances in complex environmental, food, or biological matrices has proven to be a challenge, on account of their high susceptibility to adsorption by particulate matter and liquid-solid interfaces. For this purpose, liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) is often employed as the separation method, which uses water-immiscible organic solvents. As an alternative, magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) allows for adsorption, separation, and recovery of analytes from large volumes of aqueous samples with minimum usage of organic solvents. However, the poor selectivity hampers its performance in various scenarios, especially in sewage samples where complicated and unpredictable interference exists, resulting in block of the active adsorption sites of the sorbent. To this end, we propose receptor-affinity MSPE employing magnetic liposomes decorated with cell membranes expressing G-protein-coupled receptor as the sorbents. Application of the novel sorbent CM@Lip@Fe infused with CB1 cannabinoid receptors was demonstrated for the targeted extraction and enrichment of tetrahydrocannabinol from sewage matrix. Thanks to the high affinity and molecular selectivity of the ligand-receptor interactions, a limit of quantitation of 5.17 ng/L was achieved coupled with HPLC-MS/MS in unfiltered raw sewage, featuring minimum usage of organic solvents, fivefold enhanced sensitivity, low sorbent dosage (75 mg/L of sewage), and high efficiency as major advantages over conventional LLE. This work establishes a framework for efficient separation of specific molecules from complex media, thus promising to extend and refine standard LLE as the clean-up procedure for trace analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihang Zhu
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, 210009 Nanjing, PR China
- Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, 210009 Nanjing, PR China
| | - Lancheng Wang
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, 210009 Nanjing, PR China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, 210009 Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yan Jia
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, 210009 Nanjing, PR China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, 210009 Nanjing, PR China
| | - Shiqi Duan
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, 210009 Nanjing, PR China
- Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, 210009 Nanjing, PR China
| | - Siyu Li
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, 210009 Nanjing, PR China
- Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, 210009 Nanjing, PR China
| | - Le Jiang
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, 210009 Nanjing, PR China
- Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, 210009 Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xiaoxuan Lin
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, 210009 Nanjing, PR China
- Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, 210009 Nanjing, PR China
| | - Fang Yan
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, 210009 Nanjing, PR China
- Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, 210009 Nanjing, PR China
| | - Chenzhi Hou
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, 210009 Nanjing, PR China
- Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, 210009 Nanjing, PR China
| | - Chi Hu
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, 210009 Nanjing, PR China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, 210009 Nanjing, PR China
| | - Bin Di
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, 210009 Nanjing, PR China
- Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjiaxiang Road, 210009 Nanjing, PR China
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Martins RO, de Araújo GL, Simas RC, Chaves AR. ELECTROMEMBRANE EXTRACTION (EME): FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS. TALANTA OPEN 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2023.100200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
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7
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Yuan J, Huang W, Tong W, Chen Z, Li H, Chen J, Lin Z. In-situ growth of covalent organic framework on stainless steel needles as solid-phase microextraction probe coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for rapid and sensitive determination of tricyclic antidepressants in biosamples. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1695:463955. [PMID: 37004299 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) including amitriptyline (AT), doxepin (DOX) and nortriptyline (NT) are the first-line drugs for the clinical treatment of depression; however, monitoring TCA concentrations in biological fluids and tissues is necessary to improve therapeutic effect and determine the cause of death in patients. It is of great significance to develop a rapid and sensitive method for real-time monitoring of TCAs in various biosamples. In this work, we fabricated a novel covalent organic framework (COF) based solid-phase microextraction (SPME) probe by an in-situ step-by-step strategy, which was obtained by sequentially modifying 1,3,5-tri (4-aminophenyl) benzene (TPB) and 2, 5-divinylbenzaldehyde (DVA) on the surface of polydopamine layer. The TPB-DVA-COF-SPME probe possessed high specific surface area (1244 m2·g - 1), regular pores (3.23 nm), good hydrophobicity and stability, resulting in efficient enrichment for TCAs. Furthermore, the combination of TPB-DVA-COF-SPME probe and ambient electrospray ionization mass spectrometry system (ESI/MS) was firstly proposed for rapid and sensitive determination of TCAs in biosamples. As a result, the developed method exhibited low limits of detection (LODs) (0.1-0.5 μg∙L - 1), high enrichment factors (39-218), and low relative standard deviations (RSDs) for one probe (1.2-3.8%) and probe-to-probe (2.0-3.7%). Benefiting from these outstanding performance, TPB-DVA-COF-SPME probe was further successfully applied to biosamples (i.e., serum, liver, kidney, and brain) with excellent reusability, indicating the promising applicability of the TPB-DVA-COF-SPME-ESI/MS as a powerful tool for drug monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Yuan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analytical Science for Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Weini Huang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analytical Science for Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Wei Tong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analytical Science for Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Zihan Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analytical Science for Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Heming Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analytical Science for Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Jiajing Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analytical Science for Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Zian Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analytical Science for Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.
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8
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Bazargan M, Mirzaei M, Amiri A, Mague JT. Opioid Drug Detection in Hair Samples Using Polyoxometalate-Based Frameworks. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:56-65. [PMID: 36576501 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of two-dimensional (2D) polyoxometalate-based frameworks, [Ln3(PDA)3(H2O)6(PMo12O40)]·xH2O (Ln = La (1); Ce (2); Pr (3); Nd (4); PDA = 1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-dicarboxylate), have been synthesized and structurally characterized by various analytical techniques. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that 1-4 have a unique 2D layer structure in which Keggin anions have coordinated upward and downward the plane, and this feature makes them suitable candidates for surface binding of common drugs via supramolecular and electrostatic interactions. Also, the ability of 1-4 (as the first polyoxomolybdate-containing frameworks) as sorbents for the extraction and quantitative determination of opioid drugs (morphine, methadone, and pethidine) was investigated by using dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction (D-μSPE) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The method showed wide linear ranges in the range of 0.3 to 300 ng mg-1 and low limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 0.1 to 0.2 ng mg-1 of hair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Bazargan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran
| | - Masoud Mirzaei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran.,Khorasan Science and Technology Park (KSTP), 12th km of Mashhad-Quchan Road, Mashhad, Khorasan Razavi 9185173911, Iran
| | - Amirhassan Amiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran
| | - Joel T Mague
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
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9
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Chen X, Liu S, Jiang R, Luan T, Ouyang G. Rapid detection and speciation of illicit drugs via a thin-film microextraction approach for wastewater-based epidemiology study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 842:156888. [PMID: 35753476 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
High detection frequency of illicit drugs in water samples urges the development of rapid detection method for wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) study. Here, we first developed a fast, convenient, and cost-effective method by combining thin-film microextraction (TFME) with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for sensing illicit drugs in wastewater sample. A divinylbenzene particle-loaded membrane was prepared by dip coating on a copper mesh. The sampling conditions of three illicit drugs were optimized and the performance of the proposed method was evaluated. The limit of detection was 5.5 2.0, and 1.1 ng L-1 for methamphetamine (MAMP), ketamine (KET), and methaqualone (MEQA), respectively, with acceptable precision (< 6.1 % for membrane to membrane reproducibility) and recovery from influent water (95 % - 111 %). Then, the proposed method was applied to study the occurrence and distribution of the target compounds in a wastewater treatment plant. The presence of methamphetamine, ketamine, and methaqualone was confirmed and their concentrations in the influent sample were 57 ± 8, 40 ± 4, and 75 ± 2 ng L-1, respectively. The speciation of the target compounds in different ponds was also investigated. Results showed that the content of organic matter and the pH of the sample significantly affected the binding state of the compounds. This work provides an efficient and accurate analytical protocol for WBE investigation of illicit drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlv Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Shuqin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Measurement and Emergency Test Technology, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Ambient Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Analysis, Guangdong Academy of Sciences (China National Analytical Center, Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Ruifen Jiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Measurement and Emergency Test Technology, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Ambient Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Analysis, Guangdong Academy of Sciences (China National Analytical Center, Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510070, China.
| | - Tiangang Luan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Psychoactive Substances Monitoring and safety, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, 100 Waihuanxi Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Measurement and Emergency Test Technology, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Ambient Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Analysis, Guangdong Academy of Sciences (China National Analytical Center, Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510070, China; KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Chemistry College, Center of Advanced Analysis and Gene Sequencing, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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10
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Farasati Far B, Naimi-Jamal MR, Jahanbakhshi M, Mohammed HT, Altimari US, Ansari J. Poly(3-thienylboronic acid) coated magnetic nanoparticles as a magnetic solid-phase adsorbent for extraction of methamphetamine from urine samples. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2022.2124169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Farasati Far
- Research Laboratory of Green Organic Synthesis and Polymers, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Naimi-Jamal
- Research Laboratory of Green Organic Synthesis and Polymers, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Jahanbakhshi
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Halah T. Mohammed
- Anesthesia Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq
| | | | - Javed Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Vannoy KJ, Krushinski LE, Kong EF, Dick JE. Reagentless Voltammetric Identification of Cocaine from Complex Powders. Anal Chem 2022; 94:12638-12644. [PMID: 36066582 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cocaine is one of the most commonly trafficked and abused drugs in the United States, and deployable field tests are important for rapid identification in nonlaboratory settings. At present, colorimetric tests exist for in-field determination, but these fundamentally suffer from interferent effects. Cocaine is an organic salt that is readily water soluble as a cation and almost insoluble in the deprotonated neutral form. Here, we take advantage of the electrochemical window of water to increase the pH at the electrode surface by driving water reduction, effectively electroprecipitating the cocaine base. The precipitate on the electrode surface is then electrochemically oxidized by a voltammetric sweep through sufficiently positive potentials. We demonstrate excellent selectivity to cocaine compared to common adulterants, such as procaine, lidocaine, benzocaine, caffeine, and levamisole. Finally, we detect cocaine on a carbon fiber microelectrode, demonstrating miniaturizability and allowing access to low-resistance media (e.g., tap water).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn J Vannoy
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Lynn E Krushinski
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Edgar F Kong
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Jeffrey E Dick
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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12
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Homemade Pipette Tip Solid-Phase Extraction for the Simultaneous Determination of 40 Drugs of Abuse in Urine by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9090233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pipette tip solid-phase extraction facilitates the handling of low-volume samples and organic solvents in order to achieve more environmentally friendly pre-treatment sample techniques. The use of pipette tip extraction was examined for the quick and simple determination of a heterogeneous group of 40 drugs of abuse and some of their metabolites in urine by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Several parameters were studied and optimized, including those which can affect extraction efficiencies, such as the amount of sorbent and the volumes and number of aspirating/dispensing cycles of the sample and organic solvents. The linear range of this method was between the quantification limit and 75 or 100 ng mL−1. Detection limits between 0.025 and 0.500 ng mL−1 and quantification limits from 0.100 to 1.500 ng mL−1 were achieved, which are adequate to determine the studied compounds in urine from drug users. Finally, in order to prove its suitability in toxicological and forensic analyses, the method was successfully applied to 22 urine specimens from women who were starting a detoxification program. Cocaine was the most frequently detected substance, as its presence or the presence of its main metabolite was found in 86% of the analyzed samples.
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13
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Salehi A, Puchalski K, Shokoohinia Y, Zolfaghari B, Asgary S. Differentiating Cannabis Products: Drugs, Food, and Supplements. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:906038. [PMID: 35833025 PMCID: PMC9271575 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.906038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
“Hemp” refers to non-intoxicating, low delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) cultivars of Cannabis sativa L. “Marijuana” refers to cultivars with high levels of Δ9-THC, the primary psychoactive cannabinoid found in the plant and a federally controlled substance used for both recreational and therapeutic purposes. Although marijuana and hemp belong to the same genus and species, they differ in terms of chemical and genetic composition, production practices, product uses, and regulatory status. Hemp seed and hemp seed oil have been shown to have valuable nutritional capacity. Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-intoxicating phytocannabinoid with a wide therapeutic index and acceptable side effect profile, has demonstrated high medicinal potential in some conditions. Several countries and states have facilitated the use of THC-dominant medical cannabis for certain conditions, while other countries continue to ban all forms of cannabis regardless of cannabinoid profile or low psychoactive potential. Today, differentiating between hemp and marijuana in the laboratory is no longer a difficult process. Certain thin layer chromatography (TLC) methods can rapidly screen for cannabinoids, and several gas and liquid chromatography techniques have been developed for precise quantification of phytocannabinoids in plant extracts and biological samples. Geographic regulations and testing guidelines for cannabis continue to evolve. As they are improved and clarified, we can better employ the appropriate applications of this uniquely versatile plant from an informed scientific perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Salehi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Keely Puchalski
- Ric Scalzo Institute for Botanical Research, Southwest College of Naturopathic Medicine, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Yalda Shokoohinia
- Ric Scalzo Institute for Botanical Research, Southwest College of Naturopathic Medicine, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Behzad Zolfaghari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sedigheh Asgary
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- *Correspondence: Sedigheh Asgary,
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14
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Pascual-Caro S, Borrull F, Calull M, Aguilar C. Recent chromatographic and electrophoretic based methods for determining drugs of abuse in urine and oral fluid: A review from 2018 to June 2021. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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15
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Zhang Y, Zhao YG, Zhu Y, Shi JW, Cai T, Zhang S. Simultaneous determination of 12 illicit drugs in human plasma by the PRiME clover-shaped nano-titania functionalized covalent organic frameworks pass-through cleanup procedure followed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1671:463022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Han C, Tan D, Wang Y, Yu Z, Sun X, Wang D. Selective extraction of synthetic cathinones new psychoactive substances from wastewater, urine and cocktail using dummy molecularly imprinted polymers. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 215:114765. [PMID: 35447493 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Dummy molecularly imprinted polymers (DMIPs) for selective extraction of five common synthetic cathinones (SCs) were prepared by bulk polymerization. DMIPs materials possessed narrow diameter distribution (30-60 µm) and large specific surface area (329.6 m2 g-1). Imprinting factors for cathinone, methcathinone, mephedrone, methylone and ethylone were 1.11-1.82. DMIPs could also quickly adsorb SCs from aqueous solutions within 5 min. Therefore, the materials were used as solid-phase extraction (SPE) sorbents to selectively extract five SCs in complex samples. An accurate and sensitive analytical method based on DMIPs-SPE combined with HPLC-MS/MS was established. Under optimal conditions, the established method showed low limits of detection (0.002-0.1 ng mL-1), satisfactory recoveries (84.1-97.7%) and good repeatability (relative standard deviation (RSD) below 9%). The method was successfully verified using wastewater, urine and cocktail samples. Recoveries of SCs at three spiking levels were in the range of 75.1-98.6%, with RSD values below 7.0%. Compared with commercial sorbents, DMIPs showed better clean-up ability with matrix effect values of -24.1%-8.3% for all SCs in wastewater, urine and cocktail samples. Therefore, the developed DMIPs-SPE-HPLC-MS/MS strategy could be used as a specific and cost-effective method for sensitive determination of SCs in complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Han
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, No. 1 Linghai Road, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Dongqin Tan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, No. 1 Linghai Road, Dalian 116026, China.
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, No. 1 Linghai Road, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Zhonglin Yu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, No. 1 Linghai Road, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Lishui University, Lishui 32300, China
| | - Degao Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, No. 1 Linghai Road, Dalian 116026, China.
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17
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Bagheri AR, Aramesh N, Gong Z, Cerda V, Lee HK. Two-dimensional materials as a platform in extraction methods: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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18
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Successive liquid-phase microextraction of acidic and basic analytes. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1192:339335. [PMID: 35057942 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Practical biological and environmental samples always contain both acidic and basic substances, and the samples are always precious. Thus, separation of analytes with different nature from the same sample was of great significance. Successive liquid phase microextraction (sLPME) of acidic and basic analytes under optimal extraction conditions was therefore proposed for the first time. The concept of sLPME was proved by using three acidic analytes (naproxen, flurbiprofen and diclofenac) and three basic analytes (haloperidol, fluoxetine and sertraline) as model analytes, and using polypropylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 4000 (PPG4000) as SLM. The recoveries of all target analytes by sLPME were similar to that by individual LPME due to good affinity of PPG4000 to both acidic and basic analytes. Under optimal extraction conditions, the recoveries for all analytes by sLPME from urine samples were in the range of 62%-95%. Moreover, combined with LC-MS/MS, such sLPME approach was also evaluated with urine samples. The matrix effect of sLPME-LC-MS/MS at different levels for all analytes ranged from -14.1%-13.2%. The linear ranges with R2 > 0.996 were 5-1000 ng mL-1 for basic analytes, and 20-1000 ng mL-1 for acidic analytes except diclofenac (1-1000 ng mL-1). The repeatability and accuracy at four levels were in the range of 3%-10% and 86%-120%, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD, S/N = 3) and limit of quantification (LOQ, S/N = 10) were found to be 0.07-0.49 ng mL-1 and 0.25-1.63 ng mL-1, respectively. Finally, the strategy for constructing a sLPME system was further confirmed with urine, plasma and saliva using another two versatile SLM solvents possessing high affinity to both acidic and basic analytes. Successive LPME enabled separation of acidic and basic analytes from the same sample under optimum extraction conditions for all target analytes. Thus, we believe that the sLPME system will become a potent platform for forensic toxicology analysis, food science, environmental analysis and epidemiology study.
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19
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Ares-Fuentes AM, Lorenzo RA, Fernández P, Fernández AM, Furton KG, Kabir A, Carro AM. Determination of synthetic opioids in oral fluid samples using fabric phase sorptive extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1663:462768. [PMID: 34974368 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
New psychoactive substances (NPS) continue to emerge in the drug market every year, becoming a global threat to public health and safety. These compounds are mostly synthetic cannabinoids and designer cathinones. However, synthetic opioids have appeared on the recreational drug markets in recent years, particularly fentanyl and its derivatives ("fentanyls"). Fentanyl and its analogs are related to harmful intoxications and an increase in opioid-related mortality in many countries, such as in the United States and Europe in the last years. Taking the drug related global crisis into consideration, this work developed and validated an effective and sensitive method based on fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE) followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the simultaneous determination of 11 fentanyl analogs in oral fluid samples. The extraction was carried out using a sol-gel Carbowax 20 M sorbent immobilized on 100% cellulose fabric substrate and using ethyl acetate as the desorption solvent. The limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) ranged from 1 to 15 ng mL-1 and 5 to 50 ng mL-1, respectively. Intra-day and inter-day precision were found within 8.2% and 8.6%, respectively, while accuracy ranged from -5.5 to 9.1%, in accordance with the established criteria. The absolute recovery values were in the range of 94.5%-109.1%. The validated method demonstrated its great potential to detect and quantify fentanyl analogs in possible forensic work and off-site analysis in road traffic cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Ares-Fuentes
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrición y Bromatología, Faculty of Chemistry and Health Research, Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Avda de las Ciencias S/N, Santiago de Compostela E-15782, Spain
| | - Rosa A Lorenzo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrición y Bromatología, Faculty of Chemistry and Health Research, Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Avda de las Ciencias S/N, Santiago de Compostela E-15782, Spain
| | - Purificación Fernández
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Forensic Toxicology Service, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela E-15782, Spain
| | | | - Kenneth G Furton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, International Forensic Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Abuzar Kabir
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, International Forensic Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Antonia M Carro
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrición y Bromatología, Faculty of Chemistry and Health Research, Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Avda de las Ciencias S/N, Santiago de Compostela E-15782, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrición y Bromatología, Faculty of Chemistry. Health Research, Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS). Instituto de Materiais (iMATUS). University of Santiago de Compostela, Avda de las Ciencias S/N, Santiago de Compostela E-15782, Spain.
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20
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Dummy molecularly imprinted polymers for class-selective extraction of amphetamine-type stimulants from alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverages. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1663:462759. [PMID: 34986443 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymer was constructed for the first time through dummy imprinting strategy with homopiperonylamine as dummy template. The prepared dummy molecularly imprinted polymer (DMIP) showed high class selectivity towards the most popular amphetamine-type stimulants (ATSs) such as methamphetamine, amphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxy-amphetamine, and 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine with the imprinting factors of 2.280∼3.698 and selectivity factors of 1.654∼3.698. Moreover, ATSs could be rapidly adsorbed from water with the equilibrium time within 5 min. Hydrogen-bonding interaction between the amino groups of ATSs and carboxy on DMIP could be dominated adsorption mechanism. DMIP was employed as solid phase extraction (SPE) sorbents. Under the optimum extraction conditions, the method using DMIP-based SPE and high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry showed good linearity in the range of 0.025∼1.00 μmol L-1, good repeatability (RSD 4.8∼8.6%, n = 5) and low limits of quantification (0.007∼0.200 ng mL-1, S/N = 10). Satisfactory recoveries (72.5∼120%) with low RSD values (<10%) were obtained for all targets viz. spiked coke carbonated drinks, beer and cocktail. Compared with other commercial SPE sorbents, DMIP exhibited lower matrix effect (ME) for coke, beer and cocktail with ME values of 101∼124%, 75.8∼80.2% and 103∼128%, respectively. The obtained results suggested that the developed DMIP materials could be a potential candidate for pretreatment of ATSs in alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverages.
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21
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Saint Germain FM, Faure K, Saunier E, Lerestif JM, Heinisch S. On-line 2D-RPLC x RPLC - HRMS to assess wastewater treatment in a pharmaceutical plant. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 208:114465. [PMID: 34826673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical effluents are complex media containing hundreds of compounds including active ingredients, intermediate products and unknown impurities. Bringing an industrial wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) into compliance with European directives requires a thorough analysis of the effluent. In this study, we demonstrate how online comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (on-line LC × LC) hyphenated to high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) can be a powerful analytical methodology to monitoring the outlet water, by analysing the content of known molecules while characterizing unknown compounds. Reversed phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) was used in both dimensions, with a penta-fluoro-phenyl silica-based column at neutral pH in the first dimension (1D) and a C18 column at acidic pH in the second one (2D). The conditions were optimized for a total analysis time of 60 min. The variability of both retention times and peak areas was evaluated. The average standard deviation on retention times was found to be less than 0.1 s in 2D. The relative standard deviation on peak area was about 7% for run-to-run analysis. This analytical approach, applied to the pharmaceutical effluents before (inlet) and after (outlet) wastewater treatment permitted to detect 240 compounds. These included 27 priority pharmaceutical products, 8 of which were of very high priority and their concentrations could be compared to target values. The comparison of 2D-LC and 1D-LC approaches clearly highlights the power of on-line RPLC x RPLC technique, which allows both targeted quantitative analysis and non-targeted qualitative analysis of pharmaceutical effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fleur Marie Saint Germain
- ORIL Industrie, 13 rue Auguste Desgenetais, 76210 Bolbec, France; Université de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, CNRS UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Karine Faure
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, CNRS UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Estelle Saunier
- ORIL Industrie, 13 rue Auguste Desgenetais, 76210 Bolbec, France
| | | | - Sabine Heinisch
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, CNRS UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France.
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22
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Zhao Y, Li J, Xie H, Li H, Chen X. Covalent organic nanospheres as a fiber coating for solid-phase microextraction of genotoxic impurities followed by analysis using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Pharm Anal 2021; 12:583-589. [PMID: 36105168 PMCID: PMC9463475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Jingkun Li
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Hanyi Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Huijuan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Xiangfeng Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
- Corresponding author. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China.
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan D Richardson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29205, United States
| | - Thomas A Ternes
- Federal Institute of Hydrology, Am Mainzer Tor 1, Koblenz 56068, Germany
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24
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Sensitive determination of illicit drugs in wastewater using enrichment bag-based liquid-phase microextraction and liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1661:462684. [PMID: 34875518 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
To concentrate trace level of analytes in complex wastewater, sample preparation is necessary prior to instrumental analysis. In this work, an enrichment bag-based liquid-phase microextraction (EB-LPME) system was therefore proposed for the first time to isolate and enrich the illicit drugs (amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), ketamine, codeine and fentanyl) from wastewater. Under the optimum EB-LPME conditions, the recoveries of the model illicit drugs were 40-93% with enrichment factors up to 93. The optimized EB-LPME was compared to hollow fiber-LPME (HF-LPME) in terms of the thickness of the supported liquid membrane (SLM), the effective SLM area, extraction recovery and mass transfer flux. Compared with HF-LPME, EB-LPME possesses larger effective SLM area, and provided higher extraction recovery. In addition, EB-LPME provided larger mass transfer flux than HF-LPME, which was mainly due to the differences in SLM thickness. Therefore, SLM thickness was identified as the main mass transfer flux-determining factor experimentally. The matrix effect of EB-LPME was evaluated using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and excellent sample clean-up was confirmed. Subsequently, EB-LPME-LC-MS/MS was validated with satisfactory results, and the detection of limit of the proposed method was in the range of 0.3-8.7 ng/L. Finally, with standard addition method, EB-LPME-LC-MS/MS was successfully applied for the determination of the model drugs in a local hospital wastewater from Wuhan, China. This study clearly showed that EB-LPME displayed great potential as an efficient sample preparation method for isolation and enrichment of the drugs/pollutants from complex environmental samples for wastewater-based epidemiology in the near future.
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25
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Chen L, Guo C, Sun Z, Xu J. Occurrence, bioaccumulation and toxicological effect of drugs of abuse in aquatic ecosystem: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 200:111362. [PMID: 34048744 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Drugs of abuse are a group of emerging contaminants. As the prevalence of manufacture and consumption, there is a growing global environmental burden and ecological risk from the continuous release of these contaminants into environment. The widespread occurrence of drugs of abuse in waste wasters and surface waters is due to the incomplete removal through traditional wastewater treatment plants in different regions around the world. Although their environmental concentrations are not very high, they can potentially influence the aquatic organisms and ecosystem function. This paper reviews the occurrence of drugs of abuse and their metabolites in waste waters and surface waters, their bioaccumulation in aquatic plants, fishes and benthic organisms and even top predators, and the toxicological effects such as genotoxic effect, cytotoxic effect and even behavioral effect on aquatic organisms. In summary, drugs of abuse occur widely in aquatic environment, and may exert adverse impact on aquatic organisms at molecular, cellular or individual level, and even on aquatic ecosystem. It necessitates the monitoring and risk assessment of these compounds on diverse aquatic organisms in the further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Like Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Changsheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Zhenyu Sun
- Jiangsu Rainfine Environmental Science and Technology Co.,Ltd, Henan Branch Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Jian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
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26
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[Recent advance of new sample preparation materials in the analysis and detection of environmental pollutants]. Se Pu 2021; 39:781-801. [PMID: 34212580 PMCID: PMC9404022 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2021.02030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
针对复杂样品的分析和痕量目标物的检测,样品前处理是必不可少的,高效的样品前处理技术不仅可以去除或减小样品基质干扰而且能够实现分析物的富集,提高分析检测的准确性和灵敏度。近年来,固相萃取、磁分散固相萃取、枪头固相萃取、搅拌棒萃取、固相微萃取等高效的样品前处理技术已在环境污染物分析检测中获得广泛关注,萃取效率主要取决于萃取材料,所以新型的高效萃取材料一直是样品前处理研究领域的重要发展方向。该文总结和讨论了近年来新型样品前处理材料在环境污染物分析检测中的研究进展,主要聚焦在石墨烯、氧化石墨烯、碳纳米管、无机气凝胶、有机气凝胶、三嗪基功能材料、三嗪基聚合物、分子印迹聚合物、共价有机框架材料、金属有机框架材料以及它们的功能化萃取材料等。这些材料已经被应用于环境样品中不同类别污染物的萃取富集,如重金属离子、多环芳烃、塑化剂、烷烃、苯酚、氯酚、氯苯、多溴联苯醚、全氟磺酸、全氟羧酸、雌激素、药物残留、农药残留等。这些样品前处理材料具有高的表面积、大量的吸附位点,并涉及多种萃取机理如π-π、静电、疏水、亲水、氢键、卤键等相互作用。基于这些萃取材料的多种样品前处理技术与各类检测方法如色谱、质谱、原子吸收光谱、荧光光谱、离子迁移谱等相结合,已广泛应用于环境污染物的高灵敏分析检测。最后,该文总结了样品前处理发展中存在的问题,并展望了其未来在环境分析中的发展趋势。
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