1
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Liang L, Chen J, Xiao J, Qiu H. Preparation of GO/COFs composites by interlayer-confined strategy for the adsorption of nitro aromatic pollutants. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1730:465066. [PMID: 38897110 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
With the continuous development of industrialization, the excessive emission of nitro aromatic with strong toxicity, high carcinogenicity and non-degradability has attracted great attention. How to efficiently remove nitro aromatic pollutants is an important research topic. In this work, graphene oxide/covalent organic frameworks (GO/COFs) composites were successfully synthesized via interlayer confinement strategy selecting GO, 2,5-dimethoxybenzene-1,4-dicarboxaldehyde (DMTP) and 1,3,5-tri(4-aminophenyl)benzene (TPB) as raw materials. Due to high specific surface area, hierarchical porous structure and good thermal stability, GO/COFs were utilized to adsorb and remove nitro aromatic hydrocarbons in the water environment. The adsorption behavior of GO/COFs for o-nitrophenol, 1,3-dinitrobenzene and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol were further investigated. The GO/COFs composites showed the strongest adsorption capacity for 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, and the maximum adsorption capacity for 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, o-nitrophenol, and 1,3-dinitrobenzene were 438, 317, and 173 mg g-1, respectively. The experimental results indicated that the GO/COFs composites provided great adsorption capability for nitro aromatic pollutants and can be reused, rendering it an extremely potential adsorbent for organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Jia Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Jing Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hongdeng Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Rare Earths, Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341000, China.
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2
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Zhang P, Hu Y, Liu K, Sun Y, He L, Zhao W. Hydrophilic interaction chromatographic evaluation of zwitterionic polymer grafted silica gel via multiple binding sites. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2400065. [PMID: 39054584 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202400065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
A novel zwitterionic polymer grafted silica stationary phase, Sil-PZIC, was prepared by bonding poly(ethylene maleic anhydride) molecules on the surface of silica via multiple binding sites, followed by ammonolysis of maleic anhydride through a nucleophilic substitution reaction with ethylenediamine. The stationary phase was characterized by solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, zeta potential, and elemental analysis and the results show the successful encapsulation of zwitterionic polymer on the surface of silica. The chromatographic performance of Sil-PZIC was investigated by using nucleosides and nucleic bases as test analytes The variation of retention and separation performance of these model compounds were investigated by varying the chromatographic conditions such as the components of mobile phase, salt concentration, and pH. The results show that the retention of the Sil-PZIC phase was dominated by a hydrophilic partitioning mechanism accompanied by secondary interactions such as electrostatic and hydrogen bonding. In addition, saccharides and Amadori compounds were also well separated on the Sil-PZIC, indicating that the Sil-PZIC column has potential application for separation of the polar compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yongxing Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Kunling Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yaming Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lijun He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
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3
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Yu Z, Li Z, Zhang F, Yang B. A lysine and amide functionalized polymer-based polar stationary phase for hydrophilic interaction chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1708:464328. [PMID: 37666063 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel polymer-based polar stationary phase for hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) is described. It was obtained by grafting lysine and acrylamide onto poly (glycidyl methacrylate-divinylbenzene) (GMA-DVB) microspheres via ring-opening reaction of epoxy groups and free radical polymerization with pendant double bonds of the microspheres. Multiple types of polar groups including zwitterionic (carboxylate and amine), amide and diol onto the microspheres make them highly hydrophilic. It showed typical HILIC character and good separation performance towards model polar analytes. Negligible bleed level under gradient elution mode (up to 50% fraction of water) was observed. It also exhibited specific separation selectivity to ionic analytes and simultaneous separation of anions and cations could be achieved in ideal electrostatic selectivity elution order, e.g. I-< NO3-
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziteng Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zongying Li
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Feifang Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Bingcheng Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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4
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Wang D, Wan X, Wang J, Mangelings D, Xu Q, Xie F, Huang X, Li W, Xuan H, Zou W, Qu Q. Applicability of core-shell SiO 2 microspheres with a high TiO 2 loading as stationary phase for HPLC. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1272:341527. [PMID: 37355322 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to its high chemical stability, sufficient rigidity and zwitterionic ion exchange properties, TiO2 can be considered as an alternative stationary phase material to SiO2 for high performance liquid chromatography. TiO2 stationary phase is usually prepared by coating TiO2 onto SiO2 support by sol-gel method. However, in the traditional coating method, in order to overcome the rapid hydrolysis rate of tetrabutyl orthotitanate, only a very low concentration of tetrabutyl orthotitanate can be used, resulting in a low loading of TiO2 on the support. RESULTS TiO2 core-shell spheres with a good monodispersity were prepared using 0.25 mol L-1 tetrabutyl orthotitanate. The specific surface area, pore volume, pore diameter and TiO2 loading of the TiO2 core-shell spheres were 66 m2 g-1, 0.15 cm3 g-1, 9.8 nm and 57%, respectively. The core-shell spheres were derivatized with n-octadecyltrichlorosilane and then packed into a stainless steel column to test the separation performance for neutral, basic and acidic samples in liquid chromatography. A baseline separation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons was achieved, showing a column efficiency for fluorene of 118075 plates m-1. The prepared stationary phase was also used to separate acidic and basic mixtures, and column efficiencies of 54500 and 25836 plates m-1 were obtained for N,N-dinitroaniline and p-chlorophenol, respectively. The relative standard deviations of the retention times of polyaromatic hydrocarbons for run-to-run, day-to-day and column-to-column repeatability were all below 5.1%. SIGNIFICANCE AND NOVELTY This work demonstrated that TiO2 can be coated in the pores of the shell of SiO2 core-shell spheres with high TiO2 loading using a high concentration of tetrabutyl orthotitanate as the titania source. The experimental results show that the TiO2 coated core-shell spheres can be a good alternative stationary phase for liquid chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecule Design and Interface Process, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Xiang Wan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecule Design and Interface Process, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jiafei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecule Design and Interface Process, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Debby Mangelings
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Applied Chemometrics and Molecular Modelling, Laarbeeklaan, 103, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Qin Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Fazhi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecule Design and Interface Process, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China.
| | - Xianhuai Huang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Weihua Li
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Han Xuan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecule Design and Interface Process, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Wensheng Zou
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecule Design and Interface Process, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Qishu Qu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecule Design and Interface Process, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China.
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Sun S, Wang L, Wang J, Lv W, Yu Q, Pei D, Han S, Li X, Wang M, Liu S, Quan X, Lv M. Homochiral organic molecular cage RCC3-R-modified silica as a new multimodal and multifunctional stationary phase for high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2200935. [PMID: 37349859 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
In this work, homochiral reduced imine cage was covalently bonded to the surface of the silica to prepare a novel high-performance liquid chromatography stationary phase, which was applied for the multiple separation modes such as normal phase, reversed-phase, ion exchange, and hydrophilic interaction chromatography. The successful preparation of the homochiral reduced imine cage bonded silica stationary phase was confirmed by performing a series of methods including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and infrared spectroscopy. From the extracted results of the chiral resolution in normal phase and reversed-phase modes, it was demonstrated that seven chiral compounds were successfully separated, among which the resolution of 1-phenylethanol reached the value of 3.97. Moreover, the multifunctional chromatographic performance of the new molecular cage stationary phase was systematically investigated in the modes of reversed-phase, ion exchange, and hydrophilic interaction chromatography for the separation and analysis of a total of 59 compounds in eight classes. This work demonstrated that the homochiral reduced imine cage not only achieved multiseparation modes and multiseparation functions performance with high stability, but also expanded the application of the organic molecular cage in the field of liquid chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Jining, P. R. China
| | - Litao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Jining, P. R. China
| | - Jiasheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Jining, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Jining, P. R. China
| | - Qinghua Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Jining, P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, P. R. China
| | - Dong Pei
- Qingdao Center of Resource Chemistry & New Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Siqi Han
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Jining, P. R. China
| | - Xingyu Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Jining, P. R. China
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Jining, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Xiangao Quan
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Jining, P. R. China
| | - Mei Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Jining, P. R. China
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6
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Zhang W, Feng Y, Pan L, Zhang G, Guo Y, Zhao W, Xie Z, Zhang S. Silica microparticles modified with ionic liquid bonded chitosan as hydrophilic moieties for preparation of high-performance liquid chromatographic stationary phases. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:176. [PMID: 37022499 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05755-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Two novel stationary phases, 1-(4-bromobutyl)-3-methylimidazolium bromide bonded chitosan modified silica and 1-(4-bromobutyl)-3-methylimidazolium bromide bonded chitosan derivatized calix[4]arene modified silica stationary phase, were synthesized using 1-(4-bromobutyl)-3-methylimidazolium bromide bonding chitosan as a polarity regulator solving the limitation of the strong hydrophobicity of calixarene in the application of hydrophilic field. The resulting materials were characterized by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier-transform infrared spectra, scanning electron microscopy, elemental analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. Based on the hydrophilicity endowed by 1-(4-bromobutyl)-3-methylimidazolium bromide bonded chitosan, the retention mode of ILC-Sil and ILCC4-Sil could be effectively switched from the hydrophilic mode to a hydrophilic/hydrophobic mixed mode and could simultaneously provide various interactions with solutes, including hydrophilic, π-π, ion-exchange, inclusion, hydrophobic, and electrostatic interactions. On the basis of these interactions, successful separation and higher shape selectivity were achieved among compounds that vary in polarity under both reverse-phase and hydrophilic interactive liquid chromatography conditions. Moreover, the ILCC4-Sil was successfully applied to the determination of morphine in actual samples using solid-phase extraction and mass spectrometry. The LOD and LOQ were 15 pg/mL and 54 pg/mL, respectively. This work presents an exceptionally flexible adjustment strategy for the retention and selectivity of a silica stationary phase by tuning the modification group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfen Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yumin Feng
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Pan
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangrui Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Guo
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wuduo Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengkun Xie
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
- Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Flavour Science Research Center of Zhengzhou University, Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Sun Y, Quan K, Chen J, Li H, Li X, Li Z, Qiu H. Synthesis and modification of spherical/hollow metal-organic frameworks for efficient extraction of sulfonamides in aqueous environments. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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8
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Liu B, Li H, Quan K, Chen J, Qiu H. Periodic mesoporous organosilica for chromatographic stationary phases: From synthesis strategies to applications. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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9
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Yang Y, Wang J, Liu R, Quan K, Chen J, Liu X, Qiu H. Grafting of Tetraphenylethylene on Silica Surface, Characterizations, and Their Chromatographic Performance as Reversed-Phase Stationary Phases. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:14400-14408. [PMID: 36350796 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Surface modification is an effective way to functionalize the materials so as to get some special properties. Tetraphenylethylene (TPE) has been widely investigated as a well-known reagent which has the nature of aggregation-induced emission (AIE), but has never been reported in the liquid chromatography stationary phase. In this work, TPE-grafted silica (Sil-TPE) was obtained successfully using the derivative of 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,2,2-triphenylethylene as a ligand, and then characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectra, thermogravimetric analysis, and so forth. Laser scanning confocal microscopy images reflected the AIE phenomenon of grafted TPE because the internal vibration and rotation of TPE molecules were restrained in the confined silica space. The contact angle test showed superhydrophobic properties of Sil-TPE. In order to understand thoroughly the mechanism of chromatographic performance and retention behavior for Sil-TPE, Tanaka test mixture, alkylbenzenes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and phenols were separated. This reveals that Sil-TPE has strong aromaticity and certain shape selectivity, especially, has excellent separation performance for PAHs and phenols. The thermodynamic properties and repeatability of Sil-TPE were further studied, which showed the stability of Sil-TPE. This work shows that TPE can be successfully grafted on silica surface and it has the potential to be a new kind of promising stationary phases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou730070, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou730000, China
| | - Juanjuan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou730000, China
| | - Ruirui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources; Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources Chemistry of Qinghai Province; Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining810008, China
| | - Kaijun Quan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou730000, China
| | - Jia Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou730000, China
| | - Xiuhui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou730070, China
| | - Hongdeng Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou730000, China
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10
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Ingenious introduction of aminopropylimidazole to tune the hydrophobic selectivity of dodecyl-bonded stationary phase for environmental organic pollutants. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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11
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A chiral porous organic polymer COP-1 used as stationary phase for HPLC enantioseparation under normal-phase and reversed-phase conditions. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:360. [PMID: 36042107 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05448-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
A spherical chiral porous organic polymer (POPs) COP-1 is synthesized by the Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction of Boc-3-(4-biphenyl)-L-alanine (BBLA) and 4,4'-bis(chloromethyl)-1,1'-biphenyl (BCMBP), which was used as a novel chiral stationary phase (CSPs) for mixed-mode high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) enantioseparation. The racemic compounds were resolved in normal-phase liquid chromatography (NPLC) using n-hexane/isopropanol as mobile phase and reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) using methanol/water as mobile phase. The COP-1-packed column exhibited excellent separation performance toward various racemic compounds including alcohols, amines, ketones, esters, epoxy compounds, organic acids, and amino acids in NPLC and RPLC modes. The effects of analyte mass and column temperature on the separation efficiency of racemic compounds were investigated. In addition, the chiral resolution ability of the COP-1-packed column not only can be complementary in RPLC/NPLC modes but also exhibit a good chiral recognition complementarity with Chiralpak AD-H column and chiral porous organic cage (POC) NC1-R column. The relative standard deviations (RSD) (n = 5) of the retention time, resolution value, and peak area by repeated separation of 1-(4-chiorophenyl)ethanol are all below 3.0%. The COP-1 column shows high column efficiency (e.g., 17,320 plates m-1 for 1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethanol on COP-1 column in NPLC), high enantioselectivity, and good reproducibility toward various racemates. This work demonstrates that chiral POPs microspheres are promising chiral materials for HPLC enantioseparation.
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12
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Deep eutectic solvents-derivated carbon dots-decorated silica stationary phase with enhanced separation selectivity in reversed-phase liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1681:463425. [PMID: 36054993 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, deep eutectic solvents-based carbon dots (DESCDs) were prepared and bonded to the silica surface for the first time to form a new hydrophobic chromatographic stationary phase (Sil-DESCDs). The successful preparation of DESCDs and Sil-DESCDs were demonstrated by a series of characterizations including transmission electron microscopies, laser scanning confocal microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, elemental analysis, etc. Retention behavior of Sil-DESCDs was evaluated using Tanaka and Engelhardt standard test mixtures. The results showed that this new stationary phase had excellent separation performance for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, flavonoids, aromatic amines and phenolic compounds. Excellent separation selectivity for the 3-phenylene ring isomers including phenanthrene and anthracene, the 4-phenylene ring isomers including pyrene, triphenylene, chrysene and 1,2-benzanthracene was also obtained. Especially, prednisolone and hydrocortisone, which have very similar structures, can be separated using pure water as the mobile phase. In addition, the flavonoids in Astragalus extracts including calycosin-7-glucoside, ononin, calycosin and formononetin were determined using this new column, their concentrations were 0.050, 0.031, 0.023 and 0.034 mg/mL, respectively.
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13
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Schwaminger SP, Zimmermann I, Berensmeier S. Current research approaches in downstream processing of pharmaceutically relevant proteins. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2022; 77:102768. [PMID: 35930843 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2022.102768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Biopharmaceuticals and their production are on the rise. They are needed to treat and to prevent multiple diseases. Therefore, an urgent need for process intensification in downstream processing (DSP) has been identified to produce biopharmaceuticals more efficiently. The DSP currently accounts for the majority of production costs of pharmaceutically relevant proteins. This short review gathers essential research over the past 3 years that addresses novel solutions to overcome this bottleneck. The overview includes promising studies in the fields of chromatography, aqueous two-phase systems, precipitation, crystallization, magnetic separation, and filtration for the purification of pharmaceutically relevant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian P Schwaminger
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Bioseparation Engineering Group, School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany.
| | - Ines Zimmermann
- Bioseparation Engineering Group, School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Sonja Berensmeier
- Bioseparation Engineering Group, School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany.
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