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Hu Y, Pan R, Wang Y, Ma M, Peng Y, Fan W, Zhang R, Nian H, Zhu J. Daphne genkwa: Ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of an important traditional Chinese medicine. Fitoterapia 2024; 177:106089. [PMID: 38906384 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Daphne genkwa, as a traditional medicine, is widely distributed in China, Korea and Vietnam. In China, the dried flower buds of this plant are named "Yuanhua". It has the ability to effectively promote urination, eliminate phlegm and alleviate cough, eliminate parasites and cure of scabies, with a broad spectrum of pharmacological effects and considerable clinical efficacy. This paper provides a summary and classification of the main chemical constituents of D. genkwa based on a review of relevant domestic and foreign literature. It also outlines the current research status of traditional clinical usage, pharmacological effects, and toxicity of D. genkwa. The aim is to provide a theoretical basis for further study of D. genkwa and its potential new clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; Department of Pharmacy Research, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Rongrong Pan
- Department of Pharmacy Research, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Minghua Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; Department of Pharmacy Research, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Weiqing Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Ruoxi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy Research, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Hua Nian
- Department of Pharmacy, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
| | - Jianyong Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China; Department of Pharmacy Research, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
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Hou Q, Liu Y, Xing X, Li S, Li J, Qian W, Yang C, Li H. Effects of the total flavonoid extracts and the monomers of Daphne genkwa on CYP2C8 activity. Xenobiotica 2022; 52:353-359. [PMID: 35621148 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2022.2083531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
1. This study aimed to assess the effects of total flavonoid extracts (TFDG) and the monomers of Daphne genkwa on the CYP2C8 activity in vitro and in vivo.2. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were used to determine the inhibitory effect of TFDG and its four monomers for the CYP2C8 activity by recombinant human CYP2C8 (RHCYP2C8) yeast microsome system in vitro, and the volume per dose index (VDI) was predicted the potential inhibition in vivo. The effects of multiple-dose administration of TFDG on the pharmacokinetic parameters of rosiglitazone in rats were evaluated.3. The IC50 values of apigenin, luteolin, hydroxy-genkwanin, genkwanin, and TFDG were 7.27μmol/L, 11.9μmol/L, 28.1μmol/L, 127μmol/L, and 13.4μg/mL, respectively. The VDI values of apigenin and TFDG were 2.15L and 6.60L. In vivo study, compared with the control group, the elimination phase half-life and mean residence time in the TFDG treatment group were significantly increased by 96.9% and 106.8% (p < 0.05), respectively.4. Apigenin showed a moderate inhibitory effect on the CYP2C8 activity in vitro, while the other three monomers were weak inhibitors. TFDG had a strong inhibitory effect on CYP2C8 in vitro and in vivo, and also inhibited the metabolism of rosiglitazone in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyu Hou
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanzhi Liu
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueting Xing
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuo Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Qian
- Nanjing BRT-Biomed Company, Limited, Jiangning District, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Changqing Yang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hanhan Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Ren Z, Yu R, Meng Z, Sun M, Huang Y, Xu T, Guo Q, Qin T. Spiky titanium dioxide nanoparticles-loaded Plantaginis Semen polysaccharide as an adjuvant to enhance immune responses. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 191:1096-1104. [PMID: 34610351 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to prepare spiky titanium dioxide nanoparticles-loaded Plantaginis Semen polysaccharide (SN-TiO2-PSP), and the structural characterization and immune response of infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) vaccine in Hetian chickens were investigated. The structural characterization of SN-TiO2-PSP was analyzed by FT-IR, TEM, and TGA analysis. And the immune organs indexes, lymphocytes proliferation, specific antibody levels, and ratios of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes were studied. Structural characterization results showed that SN-TiO2-PSP has a typical polysaccharide absorption peak and good stability. The SN-TiO2-PSP's shape was similar to sea urchin, and its zeta potential and particle size were 27.56 mV and 976.11 nm, respectively. In vivo results showed that SN-TiO2-PSP could enhance the proliferation of peripheral lymphocytes, specific antibody levels, CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes ratios, IL-4 and INF-γ levels in Hetian chickens vaccinated with ILT vaccine on D7, D14, D21, and D28. In addition, SN-TiO2-PSP not only enhanced the indexes of immune organs but also promoted the development of immune organs. Therefore, SN-TiO2-PSP has immune adjuvant activity and may become a new potential immune adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Ren
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Ruihong Yu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Zhen Meng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Mengke Sun
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Yongyuan Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Ting Xu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Qiong Guo
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Tao Qin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China; University Key Laboratory of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Healthcare in Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350002, PR China.
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Zhou DC, Zheng G, Jia LY, He X, Zhang CF, Wang CZ, Yuan CS. Comprehensive evaluation on anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic activities in vitro of fourteen flavonoids from Daphne Genkwa based on the combination of efficacy coefficient method and principal component analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 268:113683. [PMID: 33301910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Genkwa flos, as a traditional herb, is the dried flower buds of Daphne genkwa Sieb.et Zucc. It is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of cough, sore throats, edema. AIM OF THE STUDY The study aimed to explore a new mathematical method for multivariate evaluation, investigate the anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic activities of flavonoids in Daphne Genkwa under ex vivo conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS The flavonoids monomers in Daphne Genkwa were separated by preparative liquid chromatography and identified by HPLC-ESI-ITMS. An in vitro inflammatory model of macrophage RAW264.7 induced by LPS and an angiogenesis model of human umbilical vein endothelial cells induced by TNF-α were established. Flavonoids were extracted and prepared for intervention to detect the amount of secretion after drug intervention to reflect the anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic activities of each component. In addition, a new mathematical method, which combined principal component analysis and efficacy coefficient method, was adopted in pharmacodynamic evaluation. RESULTS Fourteen flavonoids monomers were separated by preparative liquid chromatography and identified by HPLC-ESI-ITMS including H1 (hydroxygenkwanin-5-O-β-D-glucoside), H2 (apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucoside), H3 (kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucoside), H4 (hydroxygenkwanin-5-O-β-D-primeveroside), H5 (apigenin-5-O-β-D-primeveroside), H6 (apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide), H7 (luteolin-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside), H8 (genkwain-5-O-β-D- glucoside), H9 (luteolin), H10 (Daphnodorin G), H11 (tiliroside), H12 (apigenin), H13 (3'- hydroxygenkwain) and H14 (genkwanin). We found that most of flavonoids down-regulated VCAM and MMP-3, while H1, H8, H9, H14 reduced VEGF and ICAM was only decreased by H14. CONCLUSION Genkwanin may be the most active anti-rheumatoid arthritis flavonoids in Daphne genkwa. Meanwhile, the new mathematical method used in the study provided a new direction for solving the problem of multi-index pharmacodynamic evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Cui Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Guo Zheng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Li-Ying Jia
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Xin He
- Tang Center of Herbal Medicine Research and Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
| | - Chun-Feng Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Tang Center of Herbal Medicine Research and Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
| | - Chong-Zhi Wang
- Tang Center of Herbal Medicine Research and Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
| | - Chun-Su Yuan
- Tang Center of Herbal Medicine Research and Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
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Xue L, Wang D, Zhang D, Ju A, Duan A, Xing J, Qin Y, Yang S, Luan W. The immune adjuvant effect of Astragalus polysaccharide on in ovo injection of Newcastle disease vaccine. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 104:1719-1726. [PMID: 32557888 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, immunogenic efficacies of in ovo administration of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) along with live Newcastle disease vaccine (live ND vaccine) (live VG/GA strain) were evaluated. Four hundred fertilized eggs were randomly divided into four groups (n = 100/group), and vaccinated in ovo, respectively, with solutions of APS, live ND vaccine, live ND vaccine combined with APS, and 0.9% physiological saline into their amniotic fluid on d 18.5 of incubation. Significant improvement of chicks' development was displayed in those vaccinated with live ND vaccine adjuvanted with APS in ovo, manifested as enhanced hatchability and gaining weight. Moreover, in ovo administration of live NDV vaccine plus APS could significantly enhance the serum anti-NDV antibody titres and interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4 and IL-6 concentrations, promote lymphocyte proliferative capability as well as improve the frequencies of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood. Overall results indicated in ovo administration of live ND vaccine adjuvanted with APS could stimulate stronger humoral and cellular responses in newly hatched chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligang Xue
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,College of Life Science, Changchun Sci-Tech University, Changchun, China
| | - Dan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Dongxing Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Anqi Ju
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Aoyi Duan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Junhong Xing
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanjun Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Shubao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Weimin Luan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Zhou L, Li J, Yan C. Simultaneous determination of three flavonoids and one coumarin by LC-MS/MS: Application to a comparative pharmacokinetic study in normal and arthritic rats after oral administration of Daphne genkwa extract. Biomed Chromatogr 2018; 32:e4233. [PMID: 29500935 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A selective and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for investigating the pharmacokinetics of umbelliferone, apigenin, genkwanin and hydroxygenkwanin after oral administration of Daphne genkwa extract. Plasma samples were treated by protein precipitation with acetonitrile. Analytes were detected by triple-quadrupole MS/MS with an ESI source in negative selection reaction monitoring mode. The transitions of m/z 161 → 133 for umbelliferone, m/z 269 → 117 for apigenin, m/z 283 → 268 for genkwanin and m/z 299 → 284 for hydroxygenkwanin were confirmed for quantification. Chromatographic separation was conducted using an Eclipse XDB-C18 column, and the applied isocratic elution program allowed for simultaneous determination of the four analytes for a total run time of 2.5 min. The linearity was validated over the plasma concentration ranges of 1.421-1421 ng/mL for umbelliferone, 0.845-845 ng/mL for apigenin, 1.025-1025 ng/mL for genkwanin and 0.845-845 ng/mL for hydroxygenkwanin. The extraction recovery rate was >82.7% for each analyte. No apparent matrix effect was observed during the bioanalysis. After full validation, the proposed method was successfully applied to compare the pharmacokinetics of these analytes between normal and arthritic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyi Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Chong Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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Qu S, Dai C, Qiu M, Zhang R, Wang C, Cui L, Hao Z. Effects of pidotimod soluble powder and immune enhancement of Newcastle disease vaccine in chickens. Immunol Lett 2017; 187:14-18. [PMID: 28487096 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to prepare pidotimod (PDM) soluble powder and to investigate the immune enhancement properties of PDM in chickens vaccinated with Newcastle disease virus vaccine. In vivo experiment, 360 6-day-old chickens were averagely divided into 6 groups. The chickens, except blank control (BC) group, were vaccinated with Newcastle disease vaccine (NDV). At the same time of the vaccination, the chickens in three PDM groups were given water with PDM for 5days, respectively, with the PDM at low, medium and high concentrations (0.25g/L, 0.5g/L, 1g/L), in control drug group was treated with 0.2ml/PDM dose via drinking water, in vaccination control (VC) and BC group, with equal volume physiological saline, once a day for five successive days. On days 14, 21 and 28 after the vaccination, the growth performance, the lymphocyte proliferation, serum antibody titer, the CD4/CD8 cell ratios and interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) were measured. The results showed that PDM at suitable dose could significantly promote growth performance, lymphocyte proliferation, enhance serum antibody titer, CD4/CD8 cell ratios and improve serum IL-2 and IFN-γ concentrations. It indicated that PDM could significantly improve the immune efficacy of Newcastle disease vaccine using doses of 0.5g/L, these results are consistent with the drug acting as an immunopotentiator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqi Qu
- Agricultural Bio-pharmaceutical Laboratory, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Agricultural Bio-Pharmaceutical Technology, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Cunchun Dai
- Agricultural Bio-pharmaceutical Laboratory, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Agricultural Bio-Pharmaceutical Technology, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Mei Qiu
- Agricultural Bio-pharmaceutical Laboratory, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Agricultural Bio-Pharmaceutical Technology, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Ruili Zhang
- Agricultural Bio-pharmaceutical Laboratory, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Agricultural Bio-Pharmaceutical Technology, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Chunyuan Wang
- Agricultural Bio-pharmaceutical Laboratory, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Agricultural Bio-Pharmaceutical Technology, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Liangliang Cui
- Agricultural Bio-pharmaceutical Laboratory, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Agricultural Bio-Pharmaceutical Technology, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Zhihui Hao
- Agricultural Bio-pharmaceutical Laboratory, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Agricultural Bio-Pharmaceutical Technology, Qingdao 266109, China.
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Li YL, Fu AK, Chen HL, Li WF, Fu LQ. Potentiating effect of pidotimod on immune responses of chickens to live attenuated Newcastle disease vaccines. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2016.1218305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ai-Kun Fu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Wei-Fen Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luo-Qin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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The immune adjuvant response of polysaccharides from Atractylodis macrocephalae Koidz in chickens vaccinated against Newcastle disease (ND). Carbohydr Polym 2016; 141:190-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Cheng LS, Liu Y, Jiang W. Restoring homeostasis of CD4 + T cells in hepatitis-B-virus-related liver fibrosis. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:10721-10731. [PMID: 26478664 PMCID: PMC4600574 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i38.10721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune-mediated liver injury is widely seen during hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Unsuccessful immune clearance of HBV results in chronic hepatitis and increases the risk of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV-related liver fibrosis (HBVLF), occurring as a result of HBV-induced chronic hepatitis, is a reversible, intermediate stage of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and liver cirrhosis. Therefore, defining the pathogenesis of HBVLF is of practical significance for achieving better clinical outcomes. Recently, the homeostasis of CD4+ T cells was considered to be pivotal in the process of HBVLF. To better uncover the underlying mechanisms, in this review, we systematically retrospect the impacts of different CD4+ T-cell subsets on CHB and HBVLF. We emphasize CD4+ T-cell homeostasis and the important balance between regulatory T (Treg) and T helper 17 (Th17) cells. We discuss some cytokines associated with Treg and Th17 cells such as interleukin (IL)-17, IL-22, IL-21, IL-23, IL-10, IL-35 and IL-33, as well as surface molecules such as programmed cell death protein 1, cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4, T cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain-containing molecule 3 and cannabinoid receptor 2 that have potential therapeutic implications for the homeostasis of CD4+ T cells in CHB and HBVLF.
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Feng H, Fan J, Qiu H, Wang Z, Yan Z, Yuan L, Guan L, Du X, Song Z, Han X, Liu J. Chuanminshen violaceum polysaccharides improve the immune responses of foot-and-mouth disease vaccine in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 78:405-16. [PMID: 25934108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Water-soluble polysaccharides from Chuanminshen violaceum (CVPS) were evaluated for their physicochemical properties, monosaccharide composition, and adjuvant potential to specific cellular and humoral immune responses in a mouse model of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) vaccination. The average molecular weight (Mw) of the CVPS was 968.31 kDa. The monosaccharide components of the CVPS was rhamnose, arabinose, fucose, mannose, glucose, and galactose with a relative mass of 6.29%, 21.87%, 16.59%, 12.54%, 13.07%, and 28.05%, respectively. Administering CVPS as an adjuvant significantly enhanced the phagocytic capacity of peritoneal macrophages, splenocyte proliferation, and the activity of NK cells and CTL as well as increased FMDV-specific IgG and IgG subclass antibody titers. Moreover, CVPS increased the expression of IL-2, IFN-γ, and IL-4 in CD4(+) T cells and IFN-γ expression in CD8(+) T cells. Additionally, CVPS enhanced CD40(+), CD80(+), and CD86(+) expression on DCs. Moreover, CVPS upregulated MHC-I/II, TLR-2/4 mRNA levels. In contrast, CVPS downregulated TGF-β mRNA expression and the frequency of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) Treg cells. Taken together, these results indicate that administering CVPS as an adjuvant enhances both cellular and humoral immune responses via the TLR-2 and TLR-4 signalling pathways, thereby promoting DC maturation and suppressing TGF-β expression and Treg frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Feng
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, PR China.
| | - Jing Fan
- Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610051, PR China
| | - Hong Qiu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, PR China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, Chengdu Vocational College of Agricultural Science and Technology, WenJiang, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Yan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, PR China
| | - Lihua Yuan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, PR China
| | - Lu Guan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, PR China
| | - Xiaogang Du
- Applied Biophysics and Immune Engineering Laboratory, College of Life and Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, PR China
| | - Zhenhui Song
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, PR China
| | - Xingfa Han
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, Chengdu Vocational College of Agricultural Science and Technology, WenJiang, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, PR China.
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Uyangaa E, Choi JY, Ryu HW, Oh SR, Eo SK. Anti-herpes Activity of Vinegar-processed Daphne genkwa Flos Via Enhancement of Natural Killer Cell Activity. Immune Netw 2015; 15:91-9. [PMID: 25922598 PMCID: PMC4411514 DOI: 10.4110/in.2015.15.2.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a common causative agent of genital ulceration and can lead to subsequent neurological disease in some cases. Here, using a genital infection model, we tested the efficacy of vinegar-processed flos of Daphne genkwa (vp-genkwa) to modulate vaginal inflammation caused by HSV-1 infection. Our data revealed that treatment with optimal doses of vp-genkwa after, but not before, HSV-1 infection provided enhanced resistance against HSV-1 infection, as corroborated by reduced mortality and clinical signs. Consistent with these results, treatment with vp-genkwa after HSV-1 infection reduced viral replication in the vaginal tract. Furthermore, somewhat intriguingly, treatment of vp-genkwa after HSV-1 infection increased the frequency and absolute number of CD3-NK1.1+NKp46+ natural killer (NK) cells producing interferon (IFN)-γ and granyzme B, which indicates that vp-genkwa treatment induces the activation of NK cells. Supportively, secreted IFN-γ was detected at an increased level in vaginal lavages of mice treated with vp-genkwa after HSV-1 infection. These results indicate that enhanced resistance to HSV-1 infection by treatment with vp-genkwa is associated with NK cell activation. Therefore, our data provide a valuable insight into the use of vp-genkwa to control clinical severity in HSV infection through NK cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdenebileg Uyangaa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Specialized Campus, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Korea
| | - Jin Young Choi
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Specialized Campus, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Korea
| | - Hyung Won Ryu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, Chungbuk 363-883, Korea
| | - Sei-Ryang Oh
- Natural Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, Chungbuk 363-883, Korea
| | - Seong Kug Eo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Specialized Campus, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Korea. ; Department of Bioactive Materials Sciences, Graduate School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
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