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Du Y, Huang Y, Wang W, Su S, Yang S, Sun H, Liu B, Han G. Application and development of foam extraction technology in wastewater treatment: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 930:172755. [PMID: 38670372 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
With the advancement of technology, wastewater treatment has become a significant challenge limiting the clean and sustainable development of chemical and metallurgical industries. Foam extraction, based on interfacial separation and mineral flotation, has garnered considerable attention as a wastewater treatment technology due to its unique physicochemical properties. Although considerable excellent accomplishments were reported, there still lacks a comprehensive summary of process features and contaminant removal mechanisms via foam extraction. According to the latest research progresses, the principles and characteristics of foam extraction technology, the classification and application of flotation reagents are systematically summarized in this work. Then comprehensively commented on the application fields and prospects of iterative flotation technology such as ion flotation, adsorption flotation and floating-extraction. The shortcomings and limitations of the current foam extraction technologies were discussed, and the feasible process intensification techniques were highlighted. This review aims to enchance the understanding of the foam extraction mechanism, and provides guidance for the selection appropriate reagents and foam extraction technologies in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Du
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Yanfang Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China; Henan Critical Metals Institue, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China; Zhongyuan Critical Metals Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Shengpeng Su
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Shuzhen Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China; Henan Critical Metals Institue, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China; Zhongyuan Critical Metals Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Hu Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China; Henan Critical Metals Institue, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China; Zhongyuan Critical Metals Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Bingbing Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China; Henan Critical Metals Institue, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China; Zhongyuan Critical Metals Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China.
| | - Guihong Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China; Henan Critical Metals Institue, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China; Zhongyuan Critical Metals Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, PR China.
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Liu T, Yuan X, Luo K, Xie C, Zhou L. Molecular engineering of a new method for effective removal of cadmium from water. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 253:121326. [PMID: 38377928 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread and highly toxic environmental pollutant, seriously threatening animal and plant growth. Therefore, monitoring and employing robust tools to enrich and remove Cd from the environment is a major challenge. In this work, by conjugating a fluorescent indicator (CCP) with a functionalized glass slide, a special composite material (CCPB) was constructed to enrich, remove, and monitor Cd2+ in water rapidly. Then Cd2+ could be effectively eluted by immersing the Cd-enriched CCPB in an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solution. With this, the CCPB was continuously reused. Its recovery of Cd2+was above and below 100 % after multiple uses by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), which was excellent for practical use in enriching and removing Cd2+ in real aqueous samples. Therefore, CCPB is an ideal material for monitoring, enriching, and removing Cd2+ in wastewater, providing a robust tool for future practical applications of Cd enrichment and removal in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Xiaomin Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Kun Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Can Xie
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Liyi Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
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Zgheib A, Acker S, Fischer MH, Namyslo JC, Strube F, Rudolph M, Fittschen UEA, Wollmann A, Weber AP, Nieger M, Schmidt A. Lithium aluminate flotation by pH- and light-switchable collectors based on the natural product punicine. RSC Adv 2024; 14:9353-9364. [PMID: 38510489 PMCID: PMC10952527 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00116h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Derivatives of the natural product punicine [1-(2',5'-dihydroxyphenyl)pyridinium chloride] were developed as switchable collectors for the flotation of lithium-containing engineered artifical minerals (EnAMs). These EnAMs are e.g. formed by pyrometallurgical processing of end-of-life lithium-ion batteries. Depending on the pH value and the lighting conditions, punicines exist in water as cations, two different electrostatically neutral mesomeric betaines, anionic tripoles, radical cations or radical anions. The radical species form by photochemically induced disproportionation reactions. We prepared punicine derivatives introducing alkyl chains in the pyridinium moiety (4-methyl, 4-ethyl, 4-octyl and 4-undecanyl) to install hydrophobic groups and examined the recovery rates of the flotation of lithium aluminate (LiAlO2). We varied the lighting conditions (darkness, daylight, LED irradiation at λ = 390-400 nm) and the pH value, the collector's and frother's concentration, and the flotation time. With our collectors, recovery rates of lithium aluminate up to 90% were accomplished when the flotation was conducted in Hallimond tubes exposed to daylight at pH 11 in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Zgheib
- Clausthal University of Technology, Institute of Organic Chemistry Leibnizstrasse 6 D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld Germany
| | - Sophie Acker
- Clausthal University of Technology, Institute of Organic Chemistry Leibnizstrasse 6 D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld Germany
| | - Maximilian Hans Fischer
- Clausthal University of Technology, Institute of Organic Chemistry Leibnizstrasse 6 D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld Germany
| | - Jan C Namyslo
- Clausthal University of Technology, Institute of Organic Chemistry Leibnizstrasse 6 D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld Germany
| | - Franziska Strube
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology Chemnitzer Str. 40 D-09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Martin Rudolph
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology Chemnitzer Str. 40 D-09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Ursula E A Fittschen
- Clausthal University of Technology, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Arnold-Sommerfeld-Str. 4 D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld Germany
| | - Annett Wollmann
- Clausthal University of Technology, Institute of Particle Technology Leibnizstrasse 19 D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld Germany
| | - Alfred P Weber
- Clausthal University of Technology, Institute of Particle Technology Leibnizstrasse 19 D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld Germany
| | - Martin Nieger
- University of Helsinki, Department of Chemistry P. O. Box 55 FIN-00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Andreas Schmidt
- Clausthal University of Technology, Institute of Organic Chemistry Leibnizstrasse 6 D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld Germany
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Sun K, Nguyen CV, Nguyen NN, Ma X, Nguyen AV. Crucial roles of ion-specific effects in the flotation of water-soluble KCl and NaCl crystals with fatty acid salts. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 636:413-424. [PMID: 36640552 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Flotation of water-soluble KCl and NaCl minerals in brines is significant for K-fertilizer production, but its mechanism is controversial. Dissolved salt ions are expected to change the physicochemical properties of solvents, interfaces, and collector colloids, thereby affecting flotation significantly. EXPERIMENTS Flotation experiments of KCl and NaCl crystals in brines were conducted using potassium and sodium laurates as collectors. Contact angle (CA) and surface tension measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, and molecular dynamics simulations (MD) were applied to gain a molecular understanding of changing interfacial properties and crystal-collector colloid interactions in the presence of dissolved ions in terms of salt flotation. FINDINGS While K+ ions activate the NaCl crystal flotation, Na+ ions depress the KCl crystal flotation, in agreement with the studies of CA, XPS, and MD results with these crystals. XPS results showed no collector adsorption at crystal surfaces which is a requirement of conventional flotation and presents a new theoretical challenge. We argue the crucial role of ion specificity: Na-laurate colloids adsorb at the bubble surface as a monolayer but solvent-separated from KCl crystals, inhibiting their flotation, or in interactive contact with NaCl crystals, enhancing their flotation. Increasing K+ concentration weakens NaCl crystal hydration, increasing Na-laurate colloid attraction with crystals for better flotation. The Contact Interactive Collector Colloid (CICC) and Solvent-separated Interactive Collector Colloid (SICC) hydration states are critical to salt crystal flotation via collector colloid-crystal attraction by dispersion forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Cuong V Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Ngoc N Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Xiaozhen Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Anh V Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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Gong L, Wu F, Yang W, Huang C, Li W, Wang X, Wang J, Tang T, Zeng H. Unraveling the hydrophobic interaction mechanisms of hydrocarbon and fluorinated surfaces. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 635:273-283. [PMID: 36587579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.12.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Numerous hydrocarbon and fluorine-based hydrophobic surfaces have been widely applied in various engineering and bioengineering fields. It is hypothesized that the hydrophobic interactions of hydrocarbon and fluorinated surfaces in aqueous media would show some differences. EXPERIMENTS The hydrophobic interactions of hydrocarbon and fluorinated surfaces with air bubbles in aqueous solutions have been systematically and quantitatively measured using a bubble probe atomic force microscopy (AFM) technique. Ethanol was introduced to water for modulating the solution polarity. The experimental force profiles were analyzed using a theoretical model combining the Reynolds lubrication theory and augmented Young-Laplace equation by including disjoining pressure arisen from the Derjarguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) and non-DLVO interactions (i.e., hydrophobic interactions). FINDINGS The experiment results show that the hydrophobic interactions were firstly weakened and then strengthened by increasing ethanol content in the aqueous media, mainly due to the variation in interfacial hydrogen bonding network. The fluorinated surface exhibited less sensitivity to ethanol than hydrocarbon surface, which is attributed to the presence of ordered interfacial water layer. Our work reveals the different hydrophobic effects of hydrocarbon and fluorinated surfaces, with useful implications on modulating the interfacial interactions of relevant materials in various engineering and bioengineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gong
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Feiyi Wu
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Wenshuai Yang
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Charley Huang
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Wenhui Li
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- Heavy Machinery Engineering Research Center of Education Ministry, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Jianmei Wang
- Heavy Machinery Engineering Research Center of Education Ministry, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Tian Tang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada.
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Acker S, Namyslo JC, Rudolph M, Strube F, Fittschen UEA, Qiu H, Goldmann D, Schmidt A. Polyether-tethered imidazole-2-thiones, imidazole-2-selenones and imidazolium salts as collectors for the flotation of lithium aluminate and spodumene. RSC Adv 2023; 13:6593-6605. [PMID: 36860535 PMCID: PMC9969179 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07627f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Imidazolium salts were prepared which possess 2-ethoxyethyl pivalate or 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl pivalate groups as amphiphilic side chains with oxygen donors as well as n-butyl substituents as hydrophobic groups. The N-heterocyclic carbenes of the salts, characterized by 7Li and 13C NMR spectroscopy as well as by Rh and Ir complex formation, were used as starting materials for the preparation of the corresponding imidazole-2-thiones and imidazole-2-selenones. Flotation experiments in Hallimond tubes under variation of the air flow, pH, concentration and flotation time were performed. The title compounds proved to be suitable collectors for the flotation of lithium aluminate and spodumene for lithium recovery. Recovery rates up to 88.9% were obtained when the imidazole-2-thione was used as collector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Acker
- Clausthal University of Technology, Institute of Organic Chemistry Leibnizstrasse 6 D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld Germany
| | - Jan C. Namyslo
- Clausthal University of Technology, Institute of Organic ChemistryLeibnizstrasse 6D-38678 Clausthal-ZellerfeldGermany
| | - Martin Rudolph
- Freiberg, Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource TechnologyChemnitzer Str. 40D-09599 FreibergGermany
| | - Franziska Strube
- Freiberg, Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource TechnologyChemnitzer Str. 40D-09599 FreibergGermany
| | - Ursula E. A. Fittschen
- Clausthal University of Technology, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryArnold-Sommerfeld-Str. 4D-38678 Clausthal-ZellerfeldGermany
| | - Hao Qiu
- Clausthal University of Technology, Institute of Mineral and Waste Processing, Recycling and Circular Economy SystemsWalther-Nernst-Str. 9D-38678 Clausthal-ZellerfeldGermany
| | - Daniel Goldmann
- Clausthal University of Technology, Institute of Mineral and Waste Processing, Recycling and Circular Economy SystemsWalther-Nernst-Str. 9D-38678 Clausthal-ZellerfeldGermany
| | - Andreas Schmidt
- Clausthal University of Technology, Institute of Organic Chemistry Leibnizstrasse 6 D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld Germany
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Sun K, Nguyen CV, Nguyen NN, Nguyen AV. Flotation surface chemistry of water-soluble salt minerals: from experimental results to new perspectives. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 309:102775. [PMID: 36152375 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The flotation separation of water-soluble salt minerals has to be conducted under the condition of saturation in brines which represents a challenging but exciting topic of colloid and surface chemistry. Despite several proposals on explaining the success of this industrial application for many decades, our understanding of the flotation separation is still far from complete yet, owing to the complexity of the highly selective collection of salt crystals by air bubbles in brines. Here, we thoroughly review the experimental results for halogen, oxyanion, and double salts and match them with the proposed theories on the flotation of soluble salts to identify the agreed and disagreed cases. The experimental results show that the flotation of these salts varies from collectors (surfactants applied to control the crystal hydrophobicity) to collectors and is strongly affected by the brine ion composition and pH conditions. We find some exceptional flotation results that cannot be simply explained by the crystal surface charge and wettability. Furthermore, we outline several disputes and discrepancies between the experiments and the theories when different collectors are applied. Apart from the extensive consideration of surface hydration, the presence of external ion species exhibits ubiquitous effects on the surface properties of salt crystals and the colloidal properties of collectors. We conclude that the interactions between salt ions, water molecules, collectors, and salt crystals must be considered more thoroughly, and the activity of collectors at the air-liquid interface should also be the focus. Advanced techniques such as molecular dynamics simulation, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and sum-frequency generation spectroscopy are expected to be promising research tools for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Cuong V Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Ngoc N Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Anh V Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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8
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Li C, Zhang H. Surface nanobubbles and their roles in flotation of fine particles – A review. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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9
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Emanuel Silva Fontes K, Ferreira Araújo de Almada L, Vitoriano JDO, Alves Júnior C. Extracting salt from hypersaline water by pulsed corona discharge. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2021.2017969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristy Emanuel Silva Fontes
- Department of Department of Natural Sciences, Mathematics and Statistics, Federal Rural University of Semiarid, Mossoró, Brazil
| | | | - Jussier de Oliveira Vitoriano
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Campus Universitário S/n, Natal, Brazil
| | - Clodomiro Alves Júnior
- Department of Department of Natural Sciences, Mathematics and Statistics, Federal Rural University of Semiarid, Mossoró, Brazil
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Campus Universitário S/n, Natal, Brazil
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Hegner KI, Wong WSY, Vollmer D. Ultrafast Bubble Bursting by Superamphiphobic Coatings. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2101855. [PMID: 34365676 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202101855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Controlling bubble motion or passively bursting bubbles using solid interfaces is advantageous in numerous industrial applications including flotation, catalysis, electrochemical processes, and microfluidics. Current research has explored the formation, dissolution, pinning, and rupturing of bubbles on different surfaces. However, the ability to tune and control the rate of bubble bursting is not yet achieved. Scaling down surface-induced bubble bursting to just a few milliseconds is important for any application. In this work, the hierarchical structure of superamphiphobic surfaces is tuned in order to rapidly rupture contacting bubbles. Surfaces prepared using liquid flame spray show ultrafast bubble bursting (down to 2 ms) and superior durability. The coatings demonstrate excellent mechanical and chemical stability even in the presence of surface-active species. Air from the ruptured bubble is absorbed into the aerophilic Cassie-state. Long-term applicability is demonstrated by preventing the accumulation of air in the plastron via a connection of the plastron to the environment. The times recorded for bubble rupture and complete reorganization of air are reduced by approximately a factor of 3 compared to previously reported values. The concept is utilized to passively control surfactant-rich foam in froth flotation. Material collection efficiency increased by more than 60 times compared to controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina I Hegner
- Physics at Interfaces, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - William S Y Wong
- Physics at Interfaces, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Doris Vollmer
- Physics at Interfaces, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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Chen L, Wu J, Sun Z. Effect of cationic collector on the attachment of glass beads to a stationary bubble. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Attachment of particles and droplets to bubbles—the latter being of various fine sizes and created by different techniques (as described in detail)—forms the basis of flotation, a process which indeed was originated from mineral processing. Nevertheless, chemistry often plays a significant role in this area, in order for separation to be effective, as stressed. This (brief) review particularly discusses wastewater treatment applications and the effect of bubble size (from nano- to micro-) on the flotation process.
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Zhang L, Guo J, Hao M, Li B, Liu S. Microscopic spreading characteristics of non-polar oil droplet on low rank coal surface: Effects of surfactant pretreatment and oxygen-containing groups. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.115232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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14
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Removal of fatty acid by natural and modified bentonites: Elucidation of adsorption mechanism. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Evaluation of a novel morpholine-typed Gemini surfactant as the collector for the reverse flotation separation of halite from carnallite ore. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Wu Z, Ye X, Liu H, Zhang H, Liu Z, Guo M, Li Q, Li J. Interactions between adsorbents and adsorbates in aqueous solutions. PURE APPL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2019-1110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Adsorption is one of the most widely used processes in physicochemical operations. To design an adsorbent for a specific adsorbate, it is important to understand the interactions between adsorbents and adsorbates, which are very important for both adsorption capacity and selectivity. Electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, complexation, and precipitation are comprehensively discussed. Adjusting solution pH and ionic strength is an effective method to improve the adsorption, especially when electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions are main interactions. With the increase in ionic strength, the hydrophobic interactions between adsorbents and adsorbates increase, while the electrostatic interactions decrease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining , 810008, China
- Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources Chemistry of Qinghai Province , Xining , 810008, China
| | - Xiushen Ye
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining , 810008, China
- Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources Chemistry of Qinghai Province , Xining , 810008, China
| | - Haining Liu
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining , 810008, China
- Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources Chemistry of Qinghai Province , Xining , 810008, China
| | - Huifang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining , 810008, China
- Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources Chemistry of Qinghai Province , Xining , 810008, China
| | - Zhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining , 810008, China
- Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources Chemistry of Qinghai Province , Xining , 810008, China
| | - Min Guo
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining , 810008, China
- Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources Chemistry of Qinghai Province , Xining , 810008, China
| | - Quan Li
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining , 810008, China
- Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources Chemistry of Qinghai Province , Xining , 810008, China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining , 810008, China
- Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources Chemistry of Qinghai Province , Xining , 810008, China
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Liu Z, Kodamana H, Afacan A, Huang B. Dynamic prediction of interface level using spatial temporal markov random field. Comput Chem Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2019.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Peng H, Gudgeon J, Vaughan J. Nucleation phenomena of supersaturated KCl solutions revealing by molecular dynamic simulation: Implication of dehydration shell process. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.03.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Utilization of Ammonium Chloride as a Novel Selective Depressant in Reverse Flotation of Potassium Chloride. MINERALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/min9010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The separation of sylvite (KCl) and halite (NaCl), two main minerals in potash ores, is difficult because of the high ion concentration, fine particles of NaCl, and aggregation of KCl and NaCl in the saturated system. This study employed ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) as a new depressant and dodecyl morpholine as a collector in the reverse flotation process. The depressing mechanisms were studied by adsorption capacity experiments, infrared spectral analysis, and molecular dynamics simulations. The flotation tests showed that NaCl recovery increased to 97% after the addition of NH4Cl, while KCl recovery was reduced to <1%. Notably, NH4Cl not only acted as a selective KCl depressant, but also activated NaCl flotation. The FTIR measurements showed that NH4Cl was physically adsorbed onto the KCl and NaCl surfaces. Adsorption capacity experiments and molecular dynamics simulations confirmed more favorable NH4Cl adsorption on the KCl surface than on the NaCl surface. Moreover, the KCl mineral surface was more hydrophilic, while that of NaCl was more hydrophobic. Relative concentration analysis revealed that >90% ammonium and chloride ions were distributed 2–10 Å away from the KCl surface but were dispersed on the NaCl surface, indicating that NH4Cl exhibited stronger intermolecular interactions with KCl than with NaCl.
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Huang Z, Cheng C, Li L, Guo Z, He G, Yu X, Liu R, Han H, Deng L, Fu W. Morpholine-Based Gemini Surfactant: Synthesis and Its Application for Reverse Froth Flotation of Carnallite Ore in Potassium Fertilizer Production. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:13126-13132. [PMID: 30485094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Potassium fertilizer plays a critical role in increasing the food production. Carnallite is concentrated by reverse froth flotation and used as a raw material to produce potassium fertilizer (KCl) in agriculture. However, all the surfactants used in the carnallite reverse flotation process are conventional monomeric surfactants contain a single similar hydrophobic group in the molecule, which results in a low production efficiency. In this work, a new morpholine-based Gemini surfactant, 1,4-bis (morpholinododecylammonio) butane dibromide (BMBD), was prepared and originally recommended as a collector for reverse froth flotation separation of halite (NaCl) from carnallite ore. The flotation results indicated BMBD had higher flotation recovery and stronger affinity of halite against carnallite compared with conventional monomeric surfactant N-(n-Dodecyl) morpholine (DDM). Fourier transform infrared spectra suggested that BMBD molecules were adsorbed on halite surface rather than the carnallite surface. Additionally, BMBD molecules can strongly reduce the surface tension of NaCl saturated solution. Considering the BMBD's unique properties, such as double reactive centers to mineral surfaces, double hydrophobic groups, and stronger surface tension reducing ability, made it be a superior collector for reverse flotation desalination from carnallite ores than DDM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Rukuan Liu
- Hunan Academy of Forestry , Changsha , Hunan 410004 , China
| | | | - Lanqing Deng
- School of Pharmacy , Hunan University of Chinese Medicine , Changsha , Hunan 410083 , China
| | - Weng Fu
- School of Chemical Engineering , The University of Queensland , St Lucia , 4072 Queensland , Australia
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Adsorption Structure and Mechanism of Styryl Phosphoric Acid at the Rutile–Water Interface. MINERALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/min8080360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The microstructure and mechanism of styryl phosphoric acid (SPA) adsorbed at the rutile–water interface were investigated through zeta potential measurement, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results of the zeta potential measurement illustrate that SPA is mainly electrostatically adsorbed on the rutile surface, and the adsorption process and result can be well fitted by the Stern-Grahame equation. The adsorption is severely affected by pH due to different species of SPA occurring in different pH solutions. The compound of P–O–Ti, with a structure of bidentate binuclear or bidentate mononuclear complexes, is formed after SPA is adsorbed on the rutile surface. SPA can be adsorbed on the rutile surface through the coordination of self-polymerization and bidentate mononuclear, which greatly increases the hydrophobicity of the rutile surface. Based on the above analysis and discussion, we proposed the adsorption model of SPA at the rutile–water interface, which was conducive to the modification and synthesis of a highly efficient flotation collector of the primary rutile ore.
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Xing Y, Xu M, Gui X, Cao Y, Babel B, Rudolph M, Weber S, Kappl M, Butt HJ. The application of atomic force microscopy in mineral flotation. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 256:373-392. [PMID: 29559086 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
During the past years, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has matured to an indispensable tool to characterize nanomaterials in colloid and interface science. For imaging, a sharp probe mounted near to the end of a cantilever scans over the sample surface providing a high resolution three-dimensional topographic image. In addition, the AFM tip can be used as a force sensor to detect local properties like adhesion, stiffness, charge etc. After the invention of the colloidal probe technique it has also become a major method to measure surface forces. In this review, we highlight the advances in the application of AFM in the field of mineral flotation, such as mineral morphology imaging, water at mineral surface, reagent adsorption, inter-particle force, and bubble-particle interaction. In the coming years, the complementary characterization of chemical composition such as using infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy for AFM topography imaging and the synchronous measurement of the force and distance involving deformable bubble as a force sensor will further assist the fundamental understanding of flotation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowen Xing
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center of Coal Preparation and Purification, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mengdi Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Xiahui Gui
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center of Coal Preparation and Purification, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Yijun Cao
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center of Coal Preparation and Purification, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; Henan Province Industrial Technology Research Institute of Resources and Materials, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Bent Babel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Chemnitzer Str. 40, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Martin Rudolph
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Chemnitzer Str. 40, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Weber
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Kappl
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Hans-Jürgen Butt
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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23
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Wang Y, Cao Y, Li G, Liao Y, Xing Y, Gui X. Combined effect of chemical composition and spreading velocity of collector on flotation performance of oxidized coal. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2017.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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24
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Xing Y, Gui X, Pan L, Pinchasik BE, Cao Y, Liu J, Kappl M, Butt HJ. Recent experimental advances for understanding bubble-particle attachment in flotation. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 246:105-132. [PMID: 28619381 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2017.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Bubble-particle interaction is of great theoretical and practical importance in flotation. Significant progress has been achieved over the past years and the process of bubble-particle collision is reasonably well understood. This, however, is not the case for bubble-particle attachment leading to three-phase contact line formation due to the difficulty in both theoretical analysis and experimental verification. For attachment, surface forces play a major role. They control the thinning and rupture of the liquid film between the bubble and the particle. The coupling between force, bubble deformation and film drainage is critical to understand the underlying mechanism responsible for bubble-particle attachment. In this review we first discuss the advances in macroscopic experimental methods for characterizing bubble-particle attachment such as induction timer and high speed visualization. Then we focus on advances in measuring the force and drainage of thin liquid films between an air bubble and a solid surface at a nanometer scale. Advances, limits, challenges, and future research opportunities are discussed. By combining atomic force microscopy and reflection interference contrast microscopy, the force, bubble deformation, and liquid film drainage can be measured simultaneously. The simultaneous measurement of the interaction force and the spatiotemporal evolution of the confined liquid film hold great promise to shed new light on flotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowen Xing
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center of Coal Preparation and Purification, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China; Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiahui Gui
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center of Coal Preparation and Purification, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China; Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Lei Pan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton 49931, USA
| | - Bat-El Pinchasik
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yijun Cao
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center of Coal Preparation and Purification, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiongtian Liu
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center of Coal Preparation and Purification, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Michael Kappl
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Hans-Jürgen Butt
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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Specific anion effects on adsorption and packing of octadecylamine hydrochloride molecules at the air/water interface. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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