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Clarke TB, Krushinski LE, Vannoy KJ, Colón-Quintana G, Roy K, Rana A, Renault C, Hill ML, Dick JE. Single Entity Electrocatalysis. Chem Rev 2024; 124:9015-9080. [PMID: 39018111 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Making a measurement over millions of nanoparticles or exposed crystal facets seldom reports on reactivity of a single nanoparticle or facet, which may depart drastically from ensemble measurements. Within the past 30 years, science has moved toward studying the reactivity of single atoms, molecules, and nanoparticles, one at a time. This shift has been fueled by the realization that everything changes at the nanoscale, especially important industrially relevant properties like those important to electrocatalysis. Studying single nanoscale entities, however, is not trivial and has required the development of new measurement tools. This review explores a tale of the clever use of old and new measurement tools to study electrocatalysis at the single entity level. We explore in detail the complex interrelationship between measurement method, electrocatalytic material, and reaction of interest (e.g., carbon dioxide reduction, oxygen reduction, hydrazine oxidation, etc.). We end with our perspective on the future of single entity electrocatalysis with a key focus on what types of measurements present the greatest opportunity for fundamental discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas B Clarke
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Lynn E Krushinski
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Kathryn J Vannoy
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | | | - Kingshuk Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Ashutosh Rana
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Christophe Renault
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60660, United States
| | - Megan L Hill
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jeffrey E Dick
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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2
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Skibińska K, Żabiński P. Nanocones: A Compressive Review of Their Electrochemical Synthesis and Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3089. [PMID: 38998173 PMCID: PMC11242391 DOI: 10.3390/ma17133089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
The development in the field of nanomaterials has resulted in the synthesis of various structures. Depending on their final applications, the desired composition and therefore alternate properties can be achieved. In electrochemistry, the fabrication of bulk films characterized by high catalytic performance is well-studied in the literature. However, decreasing the scale of materials to the nanoscale significantly increases the active surface area, which is crucial in electrocatalysis. In this work, a special focus is placed on the electrodeposition of nanocones and their application as catalysts in hydrogen evolution reactions. The main paths for their synthesis concern deposition into the templates and from electrolytes containing an addition of crystal modifier that are directly deposited on the substrate. Additionally, the fabrication of cones using other methods and their applications are briefly reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Skibińska
- Faculty of Non-Ferrous-Metals, AGH University of Krakow, al. Adama Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
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Sun J, Qin Y, Niu X, Zhao R, Xu Z, Liu D, Zhao W, Guo L, Jiang N, Liu C, Zhang K, Zhang J, Wang Q. Ultrastable and highly active Co-vacancies-enriched IrCo bifunctional nanoalloys for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 661:249-258. [PMID: 38301463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.01.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Exploring the electrocatalysts with high intrinsic activity and stability for both anode and cathode to tolerate the extremely acidic condition in proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE) is crucial for widespread industrial application. Herein, we constructed the bifunctional IrCox nanoalloys with abundant metal vacancies via the combination of chemical reduction and electrochemical treatment for overall water splitting. The developed IrCo0.13 exhibits ultra-low overpotentials of 238 mV for OER and 18.6 mV for HER at 10 mA cm-2 in 0.1 M HClO4, and achieves the exceptional stability of 1000 h for OER and 100 h for HER at 10 mA cm-2. Further, the cell voltage is only 1.68 V to reach a high current density of 1 A cm-2 in PEMWE with IrCo0.13 as the both cathode and anode catalytic layer, and it shows excellent corrosion resistance in acidic environment, evidenced by 415 h stable operation at 1 A cm-2. The strong electronic interactions in the Ir-Co atomic heterostructure and the in-situ generation of Co vacancies by electrochemical oxidation synergistically contribute to the enhanced activity and stability via optimizing the electronic structure of adjacent Ir active sites, enhancing the conductivity and electrochemical active surface area of the catalyst, accelerating charge transfer and kinetics. This work provides a new perspective for designing bifunctional catalysts for practical application in PEMWE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuyi Sun
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yue Qin
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaopo Niu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Rong Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhihong Xu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Danni Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wenli Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lili Guo
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Kaige Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Engines, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Qingfa Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China; Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China.
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Miao L, Jia W, Cao X, Jiao L. Computational chemistry for water-splitting electrocatalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:2771-2807. [PMID: 38344774 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs01068b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic water splitting driven by renewable electricity has attracted great interest in recent years for producing hydrogen with high-purity. However, the practical applications of this technology are limited by the development of electrocatalysts with high activity, low cost, and long durability. In the search for new electrocatalysts, computational chemistry has made outstanding contributions by providing fundamental laws that govern the electron behavior and enabling predictions of electrocatalyst performance. This review delves into theoretical studies on electrochemical water-splitting processes. Firstly, we introduce the fundamentals of electrochemical water electrolysis and subsequently discuss the current advancements in computational methods and models for electrocatalytic water splitting. Additionally, a comprehensive overview of benchmark descriptors is provided to aid in understanding intrinsic catalytic performance for water-splitting electrocatalysts. Finally, we critically evaluate the remaining challenges within this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licheng Miao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Wenqi Jia
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Xuejie Cao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Lifang Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Ghosh A, Mondal M, Nath Manna R, Bhaumik A. Targeted synthesis of a metal-free thiadiazolate based nitrogen and sulfur rich porous organic polymer for an unprecedented hydrogen evolution in the electrochemical water splitting. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 658:415-424. [PMID: 38118188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.12.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Water splitting is a long-standing quest to material research for mitigating the global energy crisis. Despite high efficiency shown by several high cost noble metal containing electrocatalysts in the water splitting reaction, scientists are focused on alternate metal-free carbon or polymer based materials with comparable activity to make the process economical. In this article, we have strategically designed a noble metal-free thiadiazole (TDA) and triazine (Trz) linked porous organic polymer (TDA-Trz-POP) having N- and S-rich surface. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), solid state 13C magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS-NMR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) analyses have been performed to predict its probable framework structure. This scrunch paper type TDA-Trz-POP shows an extravagant potential for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with a low overpotential (129.2 mV w.r.t. RHE for 10 mA cm-2 current density) and low Tafel slope (82.1 mV deg-1). Again, this metal-free catalyst shows oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at 410 mV overpotential w.r.t RHE for 10 mA cm-2 current density with a lower Tafel slope of 104.5 mV deg-1. This bifunctional activity was further tested in two electrodes set-up under different pH conditions. The porosity seems to be a blessing in the electrocatalytic performance of this metal-free electrocatalyst material. Further, the mystery behind the activity of both HER and OER has been resolved through the density functional theory (DFT) analysis. This work provides an insight to the material scientists for low cost, metal-free material design for the efficient water splitting reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Ghosh
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Mousumi Mondal
- Physical Chemistry Section, Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Rabindra Nath Manna
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Asim Bhaumik
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
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Li R, Chen X, Zhang H, Wang Y, Lv Y, Jiang H, Guo B, Feng X. Ultrafine Iridium Nanoparticles Anchored on Co-Based Metal-Organic Framework Nanosheets for Robust Hydrogen Evolution in Alkaline Media. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:2282-2288. [PMID: 38232293 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
A highly promising electrocatalyst has been designed and prepared for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). This involves incorporating well-dispersed Ir nanoparticles into a cobalt-based metal-organic framework known as Co-BPDC [Co(bpdc)(H2O)2, BPDC: 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid]. Ir@Co-BPDC demonstrates exceptional HER activity in alkaline media, surpassing both commercial Pt/C and recent noble-metal catalysts. Theoretical results indicate that electron redistribution, induced by interfacial bonds, optimizes the adsorption energy of water and hydrogen, thereby enhancing our understanding of the superior properties of Ir@Co-BPDC for HER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongfang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Xueyi Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Heng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yiren Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Yang Lv
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Haopeng Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P. R. China
| | - Bowen Guo
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473601, P. R. China
| | - Xun Feng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
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Zhou S, Cheng L, Liu Y, Tian J, Niu C, Li W, Xu S, Isimjan TT, Yang X. Highly Active and Robust Catalyst: Co 2B-Fe 2B Heterostructural Nanosheets with Abundant Defects for Hydrogen Production. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:2015-2023. [PMID: 38230912 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
A high-performance and reusable nonnoble metal catalyst for catalyzing sodium borohydride (NaBH4) hydrolysis to generate H2 is heralded as a nuclear material for the fast-growing hydrogen economy. Boron vacancy serves as a flexible defect site that can effectively regulate the catalytic hydrolysis performance. Herein, we construct a uniformly dispersed and boron vacancy-rich nonnoble metal Co2B-Fe2B catalyst via the hard template method. The optimized Co2B-Fe2B exhibits superior performance toward NaBH4 hydrolysis, with a high hydrogen generation rate (5315.8 mL min-1 gcatalyst-1), relatively low activation energy (35.4 kJ mol-1), and remarkable cycling stability, outperforming the majority of reported catalysts. Studies have shown that electron transfer from Fe2B to Co2B, as well as abundant boron defects, can effectively modulate the charge carrier concentration of Co2B-Fe2B catalysts. Density functional theory calculations confirm that the outer electron cloud density of Co2B is higher than that of Fe2B, among which Co2B with high electron cloud density can selectively adsorb BH4- ions, while the electron-deficient Fe2B is favorable for capturing H2O molecules, therefore synergistically promoting the catalytic NaBH4 hydrolysis to produce H2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqing Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Lianrui Cheng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jianniao Tian
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Chenggong Niu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Wei Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Shoulei Xu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 East Daxue Road, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Tayirjan Taylor Isimjan
- Saudi Arabia Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC) at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiulin Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
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Hu J, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Xu Z, Li H. Recent Advances in Manganese-Based Materials for Electrolytic Water Splitting. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076861. [PMID: 37047832 PMCID: PMC10095233 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing earth-abundant and highly effective electrocatalysts for electrocatalytic water splitting is a prerequisite for the upcoming hydrogen energy society. Recently, manganese-based materials have been one of the most promising candidates to replace noble metal catalysts due to their natural abundance, low cost, adjustable electronic properties, and excellent chemical stability. Although some achievements have been made in the past decades, their performance is still far lower than that of Pt. Therefore, further research is needed to improve the performance of manganese-based catalytic materials. In this review, we summarize the research progress on the application of manganese-based materials as catalysts for electrolytic water splitting. We first introduce the mechanism of electrocatalytic water decomposition using a manganese-based electrocatalyst. We then thoroughly discuss the optimization strategy used to enhance the catalytic activity of manganese-based electrocatalysts, including doping and defect engineering, interface engineering, and phase engineering. Finally, we present several future design opportunities for highly efficient manganese-based electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243002, China
| | - Yuru Zhou
- School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243002, China
| | - Yinan Liu
- School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243002, China
| | - Zhichao Xu
- School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243002, China
| | - Haijin Li
- School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243002, China
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Zhang H, Qi S, Zhu K, Zong X. Ruthenium nanoclusters modified by zinc species towards enhanced electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction. Front Chem 2023; 11:1189450. [PMID: 37090245 PMCID: PMC10115985 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1189450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ruthenium (Ru) has been considered a promising electrocatalyst for electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) while its performance is limited due to the problems of particle aggregation and competitive adsorption of the reaction intermediates. Herein, we reported the synthesis of a zinc (Zn) modified Ru nanocluster electrocatalyst anchored on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (Ru-Zn/MWCNTs). The Ru-Zn catalysts were found to be highly dispersed on the MWCNTs substrate. Moreover, the Ru-Zn/MWCNTs exhibited low overpotentials of 26 and 119 mV for achieving current intensities of 10 and 100 mA cm−2 under alkaline conditions, respectively, surpassing Ru/MWCNTs with the same Ru loading and the commercial 5 wt% Pt/C (47 and 270 mV). Moreover, the Ru-Zn/MWCNTs showed greatly enhanced stability compared to Ru/MWCNTs with no significant decay after 10,000 cycles of CV sweeps and long-term operation for 90 h. The incorporation of Zn species was found to modify the electronic structure of the Ru active species and thus modulate the adsorption energy of the Had and OHad intermediates, which could be the main reason for the enhanced HER performance. This study provides a strategy to develop efficient and stable electrocatalysts towards the clean energy conversion field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xu Zong
- *Correspondence: Kaixin Zhu, ; Xu Zong,
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