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Sugano Y, Cianciolo Cosentino C, Loffing-Cueni D, Neuhauss SCF, Loffing J. Comparative transcriptomic analysis identifies evolutionarily conserved gene products in the vertebrate renal distal convoluted tubule. Pflugers Arch 2017; 469:859-867. [PMID: 28656378 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-017-2009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the molecular basis of the complex regulatory networks controlling renal ion transports is of major physiological and clinical importance. In this study, we aimed to identify evolutionarily conserved critical players in the function of the renal distal convoluted tubule (DCT) by a comparative transcriptomic approach. We generated a transgenic zebrafish line with expression of the red fluorescent mCherry protein under the control of the zebrafish DCT-specific promoter of the thiazide-sensitive NaCl cotransporter (NCC). The mCherry expression was then used to isolate from the zebrafish mesonephric kidneys the distal late (DL) segments, the equivalent of the mammalian DCT, for subsequent RNA-seq analysis. We next compared this zebrafish DL transcriptome to the previously established mouse DCT transcriptome and identified a subset of gene products significantly enriched in both the teleost DL and the mammalian DCT, including SLCs and nuclear transcription factors. Surprisingly, several of the previously described regulators of NCC (e.g., SPAK, KLHL3, ppp1r1a) in the mouse were not found enriched in the zebrafish DL. Nevertheless, the zebrafish DL expressed enriched levels of related homologues. Functional knockdown of one of these genes, ppp1r1b, reduced the phosphorylation of NCC in the zebrafish pronephros, similar to what was seen previously in knockout mice for its homologue, Ppp1r1a. The present work is the first report on global gene expression profiling in a specific nephron portion of the zebrafish kidney, an increasingly used model system for kidney research. Our study suggests that comparative analysis of gene expression between phylogenetically distant species may be an effective approach to identify novel regulators of renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Sugano
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Cianciolo Cosentino
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dominique Loffing-Cueni
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephan C F Neuhauss
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Johannes Loffing
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Swiss National Center of Competence in Research "Kidney.CH", Zurich, Switzerland.
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Agbor LN, Ibeawuchi SRC, Hu C, Wu J, Davis DR, Keen HL, Quelle FW, Sigmund CD. Cullin-3 mutation causes arterial stiffness and hypertension through a vascular smooth muscle mechanism. JCI Insight 2016; 1:e91015. [PMID: 27882355 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.91015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cullin-3 (CUL3) mutations (CUL3Δ9) were previously identified in hypertensive patients with pseudohypoaldosteronism type-II (PHAII), but the mechanism causing hypertension and whether this is driven by renal tubular or extratubular mechanisms remains unknown. We report that selective expression of CUL3Δ9 in smooth muscle acts by interfering with expression and function of endogenous CUL3, resulting in impaired turnover of the CUL3 substrate RhoA, increased RhoA activity, and augmented RhoA/Rho kinase signaling. This caused vascular dysfunction and increased arterial pressure under baseline conditions and a marked increase in arterial pressure, collagen deposition, and vascular stiffness in response to a subpressor dose of angiotensin II, which did not cause hypertension in control mice. Inhibition of total cullin activity increased the level of CUL3 substrates cyclin E and RhoA, and expression of CUL3Δ9 decreased the level of the active form of endogenous CUL3 in human aortic smooth muscle cells. These data indicate that selective expression of the Cul3Δ9 mutation in vascular smooth muscle phenocopies the hypertension observed in Cul3Δ9 human subjects and suggest that mutations in CUL3 cause human hypertension in part through a mechanism involving smooth muscle dysfunction initiated by a loss of CUL3-mediated degradation of RhoA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jing Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and
| | | | | | | | - Curt D Sigmund
- Department of Pharmacology and.,UIHC for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Abstract
Rationale: Several studies have demonstrated links between infectious diseases and cardiovascular conditions. Malaria and hypertension are widespread in many low- and middle-income countries, but the possible link between them has not been considered. Objective: In this article, we outline the basis for a possible link between malaria and hypertension and discuss how the hypothesis could be confirmed or refuted. Methods and Results: We reviewed published literature on factors associated with hypertension and checked whether any of these were also associated with malaria. We then considered various study designs that could be used to test the hypothesis. Malaria causes low birth weight, malnutrition, and inflammation, all of which are associated with hypertension in high-income countries. The hypothetical link between malaria and hypertension can be tested through the use of ecological, cohort, or Mendelian randomization studies, each of which poses specific challenges. Conclusions: Confirmation of the existence of a causative link with malaria would be a paradigm shift in efforts to prevent and control hypertension and would stimulate wider research on the links between infectious and noncommunicable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony O Etyang
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Demography, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Program, Kilifi, Kenya (A.O.E., J.A.G.S.); Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology (A.O.E., J.A.G.S.), and Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology (L.S.), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; and Cardiovascular Medicine Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College, London, United Kingdom (J.K.C.).
| | - Liam Smeeth
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Demography, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Program, Kilifi, Kenya (A.O.E., J.A.G.S.); Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology (A.O.E., J.A.G.S.), and Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology (L.S.), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; and Cardiovascular Medicine Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College, London, United Kingdom (J.K.C.)
| | - J Kennedy Cruickshank
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Demography, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Program, Kilifi, Kenya (A.O.E., J.A.G.S.); Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology (A.O.E., J.A.G.S.), and Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology (L.S.), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; and Cardiovascular Medicine Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College, London, United Kingdom (J.K.C.)
| | - J Anthony G Scott
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Demography, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Program, Kilifi, Kenya (A.O.E., J.A.G.S.); Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology (A.O.E., J.A.G.S.), and Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology (L.S.), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; and Cardiovascular Medicine Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College, London, United Kingdom (J.K.C.)
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Arafa E, Bondzie PA, Rezazadeh K, Meyer RD, Hartsough E, Henderson JM, Schwartz JH, Chitalia V, Rahimi N. TMIGD1 is a novel adhesion molecule that protects epithelial cells from oxidative cell injury. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2015; 185:2757-67. [PMID: 26342724 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative damage to renal tubular epithelial cells is a fundamental pathogenic mechanism implicated in both acute kidney injury and chronic kidney diseases. Because epithelial cell survival influences the outcome of acute kidney injury and chronic kidney diseases, identifying its molecular regulators could provide new insight into pathobiology and possible new therapeutic strategies for these diseases. We have identified transmembrane and immunoglobulin domain-containing 1 (TMIGD1) as a novel adhesion molecule, which is highly conserved in humans and other species. TMIGD1 is expressed in renal tubular epithelial cells and promotes cell survival. The extracellular domain of TMIGD1 contains two putative immunoglobulin domains and mediates self-dimerization. Our data suggest that TMIGD1 regulates transepithelial electric resistance and permeability of renal epithelial cells. TMIGD1 controls cell migration, cell morphology, and protects renal epithelial cells from oxidative- and nutrient-deprivation-induced cell injury. Hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative cell injury downregulates TMIGD1 expression and targets it for ubiquitination. Moreover, TMIGD1 expression is significantly affected in both acute kidney injury and in deoxy-corticosterone acetate and sodium chloride (deoxy-corticosterone acetate salt)-induced chronic hypertensive kidney disease mouse models. Taken together, we have identified TMIGD1 as a novel cell adhesion molecule expressed in kidney epithelial cells that protects kidney epithelial cells from oxidative cell injury to promote cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad Arafa
- Department of Pathology, Boston University Medical Campus, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Philip A Bondzie
- Department of Pathology, Boston University Medical Campus, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kobra Rezazadeh
- Department of Pathology, Boston University Medical Campus, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rosana D Meyer
- Department of Pathology, Boston University Medical Campus, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Edward Hartsough
- Department of Pathology, Boston University Medical Campus, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joel M Henderson
- Department of Pathology, Boston University Medical Campus, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - John H Schwartz
- Renal Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vipul Chitalia
- Renal Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nader Rahimi
- Department of Pathology, Boston University Medical Campus, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Boston University Medical Campus, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Serum renalase is related to catecholamine levels and renal function. Clin Exp Nephrol 2014; 19:92-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10157-014-0951-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Vitzthum H, Seniuk A, Schulte LH, Müller ML, Hetz H, Ehmke H. Functional coupling of renal K+ and Na+ handling causes high blood pressure in Na+ replete mice. J Physiol 2014; 592:1139-57. [PMID: 24396058 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2013.266924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A network of kinases, including WNKs, SPAK and Sgk1, is critical for the independent regulation of K+ and Na+ transport in the distal nephron. Angiotensin II is thought to act as a key hormone in orchestrating these kinases to switch from K+ secretion during hyperkalaemia to Na+ reabsorption during intravascular volume depletion, thus keeping disturbances in electrolyte and blood pressure homeostasis at a minimum. It remains unclear, however, how K+ and Na+ transport are regulated during a high Na+ intake, which is associated with suppressed angiotensin II levels and a high distal tubular Na+ load. We therefore investigated the integrated blood pressure, renal, hormonal and gene and protein expression responses to large changes of K+ intake in Na+ replete mice. Both low and high K+ intake increased blood pressure and caused Na+ retention. Low K+ intake was accompanied by an upregulation of the sodium-chloride cotransporter (NCC) and its activating kinase SPAK, and inhibition of NCC normalized blood pressure. Renal responses were unaffected by angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonism, indicating that low K+ intake activates the distal nephron by an angiotensin-independent mode of action. High K+ intake was associated with elevated plasma aldosterone concentrations and an upregulation of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) and its activating kinase Sgk1. Surprisingly, high K+ intake increased blood pressure even during ENaC or mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism, suggesting the contribution of aldosterone-independent mechanisms. These findings show that in a Na+ replete state, changes in K+ intake induce specific molecular and functional adaptations in the distal nephron that cause a functional coupling of renal K+ and Na+ handling, resulting in Na+ retention and high blood pressure when K+ intake is either restricted or excessively increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helga Vitzthum
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Centre for Experimental Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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Shirai M, Schwenke DO, Tsuchimochi H, Umetani K, Yagi N, Pearson JT. Synchrotron radiation imaging for advancing our understanding of cardiovascular function. Circ Res 2013; 112:209-21. [PMID: 23287456 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.111.300096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Synchrotron radiation (SR) is increasingly being used for micro-level and nano-level functional imaging in in vivo animal experiments. This review focuses on the methodology that enables repeated and regional assessment of vessel internal diameter and flow in the resistance vessels of different organ systems. In particular, SR absorption microangiography approaches offer unique opportunities for real-time in vivo vascular imaging in small animals, even during dynamic motion of the heart and lungs. We also describe recent progress in the translation of multiple phase-contrast imaging techniques from ex vivo to in vivo small-animal studies. Furthermore, we also review the utility of SR for multiple pinpoint (dimensions 0.2×0.2 mm) assessments of myocardial function at the cross-bridge level in different regions of the heart using small-angle X-ray scattering, resulting from increases in SR flux at modern facilities. Finally, we present cases for the use of complementary SR approaches to study cardiovascular function, particularly the pathological changes associated with disease using small-animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikiyasu Shirai
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan.
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Konta EM, Almeida MR, do Amaral CL, Darin JDC, de Rosso VV, Mercadante AZ, Antunes LMG, Bianchi MLP. Evaluation of the antihypertensive properties of yellow passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg.) in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Phytother Res 2013; 28:28-32. [PMID: 23436457 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Revised: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Various species of the genus Passiflora have been extensively used in traditional medicine as sedatives, anxiolytics, diuretics and analgesics. In the present study, after the identification and quantification of phytochemical compounds from yellow passion fruit pulp by liquid chromatography-photodiode array-mass spectrometry (HPLC-PDA-MS/MS), its antihypertensive effect was investigated on spontaneously hypertensive rats. Additionally, the renal function, evaluated by kidney/body weight, serum creatinine, proteinuria, urinary flow, reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and mutagenicity in bone marrow cells were assessed to evaluate the safety of passion fruit consumption. Yellow passion fruit pulp (5, 6 or 8 g/kg b.w.) was administered by gavage once a day for 5 consecutive days. HLPC-PDA-MS/MS analysis revealed that yellow passion fruit pulp contains phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid, carotenoids and flavonoids. The highest dose of passion fruit pulp significantly reduced the systolic blood pressure, increased the GSH levels and decreased TBARS. There were no changes in renal function parameters or the frequency of micronuclei in bone marrow cells. In conclusion, the antihypertensive effect of yellow passion fruit pulp, at least in part, might be due to the enhancement of the antioxidant status. The exact mechanisms responsible by this effect need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliziane Mieko Konta
- Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição, Faculdade de Ciência Farmacêuticas de Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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