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Lin W, Li N, Liu J, Zhang B, Wei R. Relative corneal refractive power shift and inter-eye differential axial growth in children with myopic anisometropia treated with bilateral orthokeratology. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2024; 262:1203-1213. [PMID: 37930444 PMCID: PMC10994874 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-023-06301-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the relationship between relative corneal refractive power shift (RCRPS) and axial length growth (ALG) in bilateral myopic anisometropes treated with orthokeratology. METHODS A total of 102 children with myopic anisometropia in this prospective interventional study were randomly assigned to the spectacle group and orthokeratology group. Axial length (AL) and corneal topography was measured at baseline and the 12-month follow-up visit. ALG was defined as the difference between the two measurements, and RCRPS profiles were calculated from two axial maps obtained. RESULTS In the orthokeratology group, the ALG in the more myopic eye (0.06 ± 0.15 mm) was significantly smaller than that in the less myopic eye (0.15 ± 0.15 mm, p < 0.001), and the interocular difference in AL significantly decreased following 1-year treatment, from 0.47 ± 0.32 to 0.38 ± 0.28 mm (p < 0.001). However, in the spectacle group, the ALG was similar between the two eyes, and the interocular difference in AL did not change significantly over one year (all p > 0.05). The interocular difference in ALG in the orthokeratology group was significantly correlated with the interocular difference in RCRPS (dRCRPS, β=-0.003, p < 0.001) and the interocular difference in baseline AL (β=-0.1179, p < 0.001), with R2 being 0.6197. CONCLUSION Orthokeratology was effective in decreasing the magnitude of anisometropia. The interocular variation in RCRPS is an important factor accounting for the reduction of interocular ALG difference in anisomyopic children post-orthokeratology. These results provide insight into establishing eye-specific myopia control guidelines during orthokeratology treatment for myopic anisometropes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Lin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Na Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiahe Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Optometry, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, FL, USA.
| | - Ruihua Wei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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Qin J, Qing H, Ji N, Lyu T, Ma H, Shi M, Yu S, Ma C, Fu A. Changes in axial length in anisometropic children wearing orthokeratology lenses. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1266354. [PMID: 38020088 PMCID: PMC10656815 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1266354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose There is a particular anisometropia occurring in one eye with myopia, while the other eye has very low myopia, emmetropia, or very low hyperopia. It is unclear how the binocular axial length changes when these children wear unilateral OK lenses only in the more myopic eyes. This study investigates the changes in the axial elongation of both eyes. Methods This is a 1-year retrospective study. In total, 148 children with myopic anisometropia were included. The more myopic eyes were wearing orthokeratology lenses (treated eyes), whereas the contralateral eyes were not indicated for visual correction (untreated eyes). The untreated eyes were classified into three subgroups based on the spherical equivalent refraction (SER): low myopia (≤ -0.50 D, n = 37), emmetropia (+0.49 to -0.49 D, n = 76), and low hyperopia (≥0.50 D, n = 35). Changes in the axial length (AL) were compared between the untreated and treated eyes and among the three subgroups. Results The axial elongation was 0.14 ± 0.18 mm and 0.39 ± 0.27 mm in all treated and untreated eyes, respectively (p < 0.001). The interocular AL difference decreased significantly from 1.09 ± 0.45 mm at the baseline to 0.84 ± 0.52 mm at 1 year (p < 0.001). The baseline median (Q1, Q3) SER of the untreated eyes were -0.75 D (-0.56, -0.88 D), 0.00 D (0.00, -0.25 D), and +0.75 D (+1.00, +0.62 D) in low myopia, emmetropia, and low hyperopia subgroups, respectively. The axial elongation was 0.14 ± 0.18 mm, 0.15 ± 0.17 mm, and 0.13 ± 0.21 mm (p = 0.92) in the treated eyes and 0.44 ± 0.25 mm, 0.35 ± 0.24 mm, and 0.41 ± 0.33 mm in the untreated eyes (p = 0.11) after 1 year. Multivariate linear regression analyses only showed significant differences in axial elongation between the emmetropia and low myopia subgroups of untreated eyes (p = 0.04; p > 0.05 between other subgroups). Conclusion Unilateral orthokeratology lenses effectively reduced axial elongation in the more myopic eyes and reduced interocular AL differences in children with myopic anisometropia. The refractive state of the untreated eyes did not affect the axial elongation of the more myopic eye wearing the orthokeratology lens. In the untreated eyes, AL increased faster in the low myopia subgroup than in the emmetropia subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Qin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huiling Qing
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Na Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou, China
| | - Tianbin Lyu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Menghai Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shiao Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Conghui Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Aicun Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Bullimore MA, Liu M. Efficacy of the Euclid orthokeratology lens in slowing axial elongation. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2023; 46:101875. [PMID: 37365049 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2023.101875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The Euclid Emerald lens designs for orthokeratology have been available in global markets for over 20 years and is used extensively by clinicians for slowing myopia progression in children. This paper comprehensively reviews data from published studies of the efficacy of this lens. METHODS A comprehensive systematic search was performed in March 2023 using Medline with the following search terms: orthokeratology AND myopi* AND (axial or elong*) NOT (review or meta). RESULTS The original search identified 189 articles, of which 140 reported axial elongation. Of those, 49 reported data on the Euclid Emerald design. Unique axial elongation data could be extracted from 37 papers-14 of which included an untreated control group. Among these, the mean 12-month efficacy-the difference in axial elongation between orthokeratology wearers and controls-was 0.18 mm (range: 0.05-0.29 mm), and the mean 24-month efficacy was 0.28 mm (range: 0.17-0.38 mm). The orthokeratology wearers in 23 studies without an untreated comparison group showed similar axial elongation to those in the 14 studies with a control group. For example, the mean 12-month axial elongation for the studies with controls was 0.20 ± 0.06 mm compared with 0.20 ± 0.07 mm for the studies without controls. CONCLUSIONS This extensive body of literature on a single device for myopia control is unique and demonstrates the efficacy of this design in slowing axial elongation in myopic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Bullimore
- University of Houston, College of Optometry, 4901 Calhoun Rd., Houston, TX 77204, United States.
| | - Maria Liu
- Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States.
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Controlling anisomyopia in children by orthokeratology: A one-year randomised clinical trial. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2023; 46:101537. [PMID: 34785153 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2021.101537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effects of overnight orthokeratology (OK) lenses wear on the interocular axial length (AL) difference in anisomyopic children. METHODS Sixty anisomyopic children (8-14 years old) were enrolled in this one-year prospective, randomised controlled study. Subjects were randomly assigned to wear OK lenses (OK group) or single-vision spectacles (control group). AL was monitored at baseline and every six months using an IOL Master biometer, and axial elongation and interocular AL differences were compared between the groups. RESULTS In the control group, the more myopic eyes had similar axial elongation (0.36 ± 0.17 mm) to the less myopic eyes (0.37 ± 0.17 mm) at the one-year follow-up (P > 0.05). In the OK group, the less myopic eyes exhibited significantly greater axial elongation (0.24 ± 0.17 mm) than the more myopic eyes (0.13 ± 0.13 mm) at the one-year follow-up (P < 0.05). The mean interocular AL difference significantly decreased in the OK group over one year, from 0.47 ± 0.24 mm to 0.35 ± 0.22 mm (P < 0.05). However, the mean interocular AL difference decreased only slightly in the control group, from 0.56 ± 0.28 mm to 0.55 ± 0.28 mm (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION This randomised, controlled study demonstrated that OK reduces the interocular AL difference in anisomyopic children due to stronger myopic control of the more myopic eye.
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Liang X, Wei S, Li SM, An W, Du J, Sun Y, Gan J, Bai W, Cai Z, Song Q, Yin L, Wang N. Effect of Atropine 0.01% Eye Drops on the Difference in Refraction and Axial Length between Right and Left Eyes. Ophthalmic Res 2023; 66:496-505. [PMID: 36603556 DOI: 10.1159/000528878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study sought to determine whether the application of 0.01% atropine eye drops could impact the disparity in refraction and axial length (AL) between the right and left eyes in Chinese children. METHODS The study was designed as a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial. A total of 220 children aged 6-12 years were recruited from the Beijing Tongren Hospital in Beijing, China. Participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio and were prescribed 0.01% atropine or placebo eye drops to be administered once a night to both eyes for the duration of 1 year. The cycloplegic refraction and AL were recorded including baseline, 6 months, and again at the 12 months. RESULTS After 1-year follow-up period, 76 (69%) and 83 (75%) subjects of the initial 220 participants were identified as the 0.01% atropine and placebo groups, respectively. The inter-ocular difference in spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and AL demonstrated stable values in the 0.01% atropine treatment group (SER: p = 0.590; AL: p = 0.322) analyzed after 1 year, but found a significant increase (SER: p < 0.001; AL: p = 0.001) in the placebo group. Furthermore, over 1 year, eyes with greater myopia in the atropine group exhibited slower myopia progression (0.45 ± 0.44 D) than the lesser myopic eye (0.56 ± 0.44 D) (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that 0.01% atropine could maintain the inter-ocular SER and AL difference. And 0.01% atropine appeared to be more effective in delaying the progression of myopia in eyes with more myopia than in the less myopic eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Liang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Shifei Wei
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Ming Li
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Wenzai An
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Jialing Du
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Yunyun Sun
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahe Gan
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiling Bai
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Zhining Cai
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qianqian Song
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Yin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhengzhou First People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ningli Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
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Ji N, Niu Y, Qin J, Fu AC, Cui C. Orthokeratology Lenses Versus Administration of 0.01% Atropine Eye Drops for Axial Length Elongation in Children With Myopic Anisometropia. Eye Contact Lens 2022; 48:45-50. [PMID: 34924543 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000000848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of orthokeratology (OK) lenses and that of 0.01% atropine eye drops on axial length (AL) elongation in children with myopic anisometropia. METHODS Ninety-five children with myopic anisometropia who used OK lenses (N=49) or 0.01% atropine eye drops (N=46) were enrolled in this retrospective 1-year study. For all children, the eyes with higher spherical equivalent refractive error (SER) were assigned to the H-eye subgroup, whereas the fellow eyes with lower SER were assigned to the L-eye subgroup. RESULTS After 1-year treatment, the mean change in the AL of H eyes and L eyes in the OK lenses group was 0.18±0.16 mm and 0.24±0.15 mm, respectively (P=0.15), and 0.28±0.20 mm and 0.25±0.18 mm, respectively (P=0.48), in the 0.01% atropine group. Multivariate regression analyses showed significant differences in AL change between H and L eyes after treatment with OK lens (P=0.03), whereas no significant difference in the 0.01% atropine (P=0.22). The change in the AL in the H-eye group was less with OK lenses than with 0.01% atropine (P=0.04), whereas there was no significant difference between the change in AL in the L-eye group between treatment with OK lens and 0.01% atropine (P=0.89). CONCLUSIONS In myopic anisometropic children, AL differences between 2 eyes decrease by wearing OK lenses but do not change after administration of 0.01% atropine eye drops. The increased effect of OK lenses, but not 0.01% atropine, in reducing axial elongation at 1 year in the eye with higher SER in anisometropic children warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ji
- From the The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Suzhou Vocational Health College; Suzhou, China
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, China ; and
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Niu
- From the The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Suzhou Vocational Health College; Suzhou, China
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, China ; and
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jian Qin
- From the The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Suzhou Vocational Health College; Suzhou, China
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, China ; and
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ai-Cun Fu
- From the The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Suzhou Vocational Health College; Suzhou, China
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, China ; and
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Can Cui
- From the The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Suzhou Vocational Health College; Suzhou, China
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, China ; and
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Xu J, Gao B, Tian Q, Wu Q, Zhang X, Lin X, Zhang R, Song J, Bi H. Effects of orthokeratology on axial length elongation in anisometropes. Ophthalmic Res 2021; 64:991-1001. [PMID: 34252901 DOI: 10.1159/000516907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Jinan, China,
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of TCM, Jinan, China,
| | - Bei Gao
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Jinan, China
| | - Qingmei Tian
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of TCM, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases in Universities of Shandong, Eye Institute of Shandong University of TCM, Jinan, China
| | - Qiuxin Wu
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of TCM, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases in Universities of Shandong, Eye Institute of Shandong University of TCM, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuyan Zhang
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of TCM, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases in Universities of Shandong, Eye Institute of Shandong University of TCM, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Jinan, China
| | - Ruixue Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Jinan, China
| | - Jike Song
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases in Universities of Shandong, Eye Institute of Shandong University of TCM, Jinan, China
| | - Hongsheng Bi
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of TCM, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases in Universities of Shandong, Eye Institute of Shandong University of TCM, Jinan, China
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Ocular Anatomical and Functional Characteristics in Anisometropic Chinese Children. Optom Vis Sci 2021; 98:476-482. [PMID: 33973919 DOI: 10.1097/opx.0000000000001692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE This research found that anterior and posterior biometrics differ in many aspects between fellow eyes of anisometropic children. This might shed light on the mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of anisometropia and myopia. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the ocular biometric parameters, peripheral refraction, and accommodative lag of fellow eyes in anisometropic children. METHODS Anisometropic children were recruited. Axial length (AL), vitreous chamber depth (VCD), central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), simulated K readings, central and peripheral refractive errors, and accommodative lag were measured in both eyes. The subfoveal choroidal thickness, average choroidal thickness, and choroid vessel density of the 6 × 6-mm macular area were measured by optical coherence tomography. RESULTS Thirty-two children aged 11.1 ± 1.7 years were enrolled. The average degree of anisometropia was 2.49 ± 0.88 D. The AL, VCD, ACD, and simulated K reading values were significantly larger in the more myopic eyes, whereas the LT value was significantly smaller. Subfoveal choroidal thickness (P = .001) and average choroidal thickness (P = .02) were smaller in the more myopic eyes than in the contralateral eyes, whereas choroid vessel density (P = .03) was larger. The amount of anisometropia had a significant positive correlation with the difference in AL (r = 0.869, P < .001), VCD (r = 0.853, P < .001), and ACD (r = 0.591, P < .001) and a negative correlation with the difference in LT (r = -0.457, P = .009). CONCLUSIONS Ocular biometrics differ in many aspects between the fellow eyes of anisometropic Chinese children, and the difference is correlated with the degree of anisometropia.
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Tsai WS, Wang JH, Chiu CJ. A comparative study of orthokeratology and low-dose atropine for the treatment of anisomyopia in children. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14176. [PMID: 32843658 PMCID: PMC7447800 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71142-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Myopic anisometropia (anisomyopia) is a specific type of refractive error that may cause fusion impairment, asthenopia, and aniseikonia. It is sometimes severe enough to reduce the quality of life. Several studies have investigated the treatment effects of orthokeratology (Ortho-K) and topical atropine on anisomyopia control. However, no study has compared these two interventions simultaneously until now. The cohort of this retrospective study included 124 children with anisomyopia who were treated with binocular Ortho-K lenses, 0.01% atropine, or 0.05% atropine. After a 2-year follow-up, the inter-eye difference in axial length (AL) significantly decreased in the Ortho-K group (P = 0.015) and remained stable in the two atropine groups. When comparing the myopia control effect, the use of Ortho-K lenses resulted in an obviously smaller change in AL than the use of 0.01% and 0.05% atropine (P < 0.01). Ortho-K treatment may reduce the degree of anisomyopia and stabilise the progression of myopia. Hence, Ortho-K might be a better choice for anisomyopic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Shan Tsai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 707, Sec. 3, Chung-Yang Road, Hualien, 97002, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Hung Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Jen Chiu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 707, Sec. 3, Chung-Yang Road, Hualien, 97002, Taiwan. .,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
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