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Salih AE, Butt H. Multifunctional transition and temperature-responsive contact lenses. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:271. [PMID: 37957141 PMCID: PMC10643561 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01304-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Smart contact lenses have recently gained traction due to their functionalization as noninvasive diagnostic and therapeutic wearables that can address several ocular diseases. Herein, multifunctional contact lenses exhibiting UV-transition and temperature-responsive capabilities were developed utilizing chromogenic materials that were integrated simultaneously into poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA) contact lenses. The functionalities of the contact lenses were optically evaluated in both their activated and non-activated states. Transition contact lenses offered excellent UV and blue light blocking capabilities (~45%) at their inactive states. When activated via UV exposure, the transparent lenses darkened instantaneously and absorbed portions of the visible light spectrum. The absorption intensity and transient discoloration of the transition lenses relied primarily on the utilized photochromic material. Likewise, the temperature-responsive contact lenses exhibited distinct colorimetric variations in response to temperature changes within the physiological range (33-38 °C). The maximum sensitivity of the thermochromic lens was 8% transmitted light per Celsius degree shift. Physiochemical and morphological analysis indicated the adequacy of the contact lenses. Hence, the multifunctional contact lenses can be deployed as smart wearables to manage ophthalmic deficiencies that are deterred by UV radiations and variations in ocular surface temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed E Salih
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Haider Butt
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
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Rodrigues PF, Moscovici BK, Hoehne JL, Campos MSDQ, Morandim-Giannetti ADA, Bersanetti PA, Nosé W. Spectrophotometric Analysis of Different Polymethyl Methacrylate Filters and their Importance in the Implantation of Corneal Rings. Curr Eye Res 2023; 48:731-735. [PMID: 37092541 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2023.2202365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluated the luminous behavior applied to materials used in intraocular surgeries. METHODS Discs of the different products were delivered in 19.00 mm × 3.00 mm. Each sample was fixed on support keeping it perpendicular to the spectrophotometer beam. Later, their analyses were carried out in the air/PMMA ratio. The graphs of individual profiles of the measurements along the length were constructed according to each of the filters from the spectrophotometric analysis. In addition, descriptive statistics of transmittance and absorbance for each wavelength presented were correlated for each filter. RESULTS It is possible to observe that the minimum absorption measure was found in the Red Filter, especially in the blue and green light spectrum. CONCLUSION Using filters in PMMA materials appears to improve visual quality in corneal implants, especially the red filter, due to greater absorbance of light leading to fewer light scattering phenomena through corneal rings. However, further studies comparing the effects of different filters on Intracorneal rings should be carried out to elucidate this field of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Felipe Rodrigues
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Kaplan Moscovici
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Lopes Hoehne
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mauro Silveira de Queiroz Campos
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Walton Nosé
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Jones L, Efron N, Bandamwar K, Barnett M, Jacobs DS, Jalbert I, Pult H, Rhee MK, Sheardown H, Shovlin JP, Stahl U, Stanila A, Tan J, Tavazzi S, Ucakhan OO, Willcox MDP, Downie LE. TFOS Lifestyle: Impact of contact lenses on the ocular surface. Ocul Surf 2023; 29:175-219. [PMID: 37149139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2023.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Several lifestyle choices made by contact lens wearers can have adverse consequences on ocular health. These include being non-adherent to contact lens care, sleeping in lenses, ill-advised purchasing options, not seeing an eyecare professional for regular aftercare visits, wearing lenses when feeling unwell, wearing lenses too soon after various forms of ophthalmic surgery, and wearing lenses when engaged in risky behaviors (e.g., when using tobacco, alcohol or recreational drugs). Those with a pre-existing compromised ocular surface may find that contact lens wear exacerbates ocular disease morbidity. Conversely, contact lenses may have various therapeutic benefits. The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic impinged upon the lifestyle of contact lens wearers, introducing challenges such as mask-associated dry eye, contact lens discomfort with increased use of digital devices, inadvertent exposure to hand sanitizers, and reduced use of lenses. Wearing contact lenses in challenging environments, such as in the presence of dust and noxious chemicals, or where there is the possibility of ocular trauma (e.g., sport or working with tools) can be problematic, although in some instances lenses can be protective. Contact lenses can be worn for sport, theatre, at high altitude, driving at night, in the military and in space, and special considerations are required when prescribing in such situations to ensure successful outcomes. A systematic review and meta-analysis, incorporated within the review, identified that the influence of lifestyle factors on soft contact lens dropout remains poorly understood, and is an area in need of further research. Overall, this report investigated lifestyle-related choices made by clinicians and contact lens wearers and discovered that when appropriate lifestyle choices are made, contact lens wear can enhance the quality of life of wearers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyndon Jones
- Centre for Ocular Research & Education (CORE), School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
| | - Nathan Efron
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kalika Bandamwar
- Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Melissa Barnett
- University of California, Davis Eye Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Deborah S Jacobs
- Massachusetts Eye & Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Isabelle Jalbert
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Heiko Pult
- Dr Heiko Pult Optometry & Vision Research, Weinheim, Germany
| | | | - Heather Sheardown
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Ulli Stahl
- Centre for Ocular Research & Education (CORE), School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | | | - Jacqueline Tan
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Silvia Tavazzi
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Mark D P Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Laura E Downie
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Buch J, Sonoda L, Cannon J. Unexpected vision performance with photochromic contact lenses in normal and low light conditions: An analysis of two randomized trials. JOURNAL OF OPTOMETRY 2023; 16:135-142. [PMID: 35953430 PMCID: PMC10104794 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Evaluate the performance of a photochromic contact lens in various lighting conditions throughout the day, including those indoor and outdoor environments where the photochromic contact lens is in a less active or inactive state. METHODS Data from two clinical trials of a photochromic contact lens were analyzed to evaluate its performance in various light environments. Both studies involved a photochromic test lens (ACUVUE® OASYS with Transitions™ Light Intelligent Technology™) and a similar non-photochromic control lens (ACUVUE® OASYS 2-week with HYDRACLEAR® PLUS). The studies were both multi-visit, multi-site, 2-treatment by 3-period randomized crossover (i.e., Test/Control/Control or Control/Test/Test) dispensing studies, with follow-up visits after each 2-week dispensing period. RESULTS A total of 250 subjects were dispensed lenses across both studies, of which 237 total subjects completed. In situations where exposure to an activating light source is common (e.g., outdoors), the Test lens was preferred nearly 6:1 over the control lens. In situations where exposure to an activating light source is less common - indoors, driving at night, using digital devices -, the Test lens was still preferred over the control lens by margins of 4:1, nearly 4:1, and over 3:1 respectively. The Test lens was superior with respect to quality of vision, ability to see comfortably, clarity of vision, reduction of squinting while using computers and reduction of bright light while driving at night. CONCLUSION The photochromic test contact lens was rated superior to a non-photochromic control lens in environmental situations where the lens is in a less active or inactive state.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Buch
- Johnson and Johnson Vision Care Inc., 7500 Centurion Parkway, Jacksonville, FL 32256, Unites States.
| | - Leilani Sonoda
- Johnson and Johnson Vision Care Inc., 7500 Centurion Parkway, Jacksonville, FL 32256, Unites States.
| | - Jessica Cannon
- Johnson and Johnson Vision Care Inc., 7500 Centurion Parkway, Jacksonville, FL 32256, Unites States.
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Recep ÖF, Kocabas DO, Kiziltoprak H, Ozulken K. Effects on Wavefront Aberration after Short-term Wear of Senofilcon A Photochromic Contact Lens. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2022. [PMID: 36347502 DOI: 10.1055/a-1973-8904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess the variability in wavefront aberrations with short-term wear of photochromic senofilcon A contact lenses in both its activated and inactive states. METHODS AND MATERIAL In this cross-sectional study, 20 participants who had previously used soft contact lenses were enrolled. Corneal aberrometry measurements were performed on each subject, without contact lenses, using Sirius Scheimpflug-Placido topography. The photochromic lenses were illuminated using a blue-violet light (λ max = 420 nm) so as to provoke an activated state, and measurements were taken with the lenses inserted, in both states. The root mean square (RMS) of the aberrations was calculated, and the higher- and lower-order aberrations, astigmatism, coma, spherical aberration, and trefoil measurements were evaluated using a 5.0-mm pupil diameter. RESULTS The average contact lens sphere power was - 2.33 ± 1.07 D. The mean refractive errors with contact lens wear were 0.07 ± 0.18 D for the sphere and - 0.26 ± 0.15 D for the cylinder. The mean RMS values for all the corneal aberrations showed no statistically significant differences with and without contact lenses (p > 0.05). In a bivariate correlation analysis, there was a positive correlation between contact lens sphere power and coma (vertical and horizontal) in the activated state (r = 0.455, p = 0.44 and r = 0.495, p = 0.27, respectively). CONCLUSION The photochromic contact lenses did not influence ocular aberration during short-term wear, even when the photochromatic additive was activated. This property may help to provide more comfortable vision with lens wear. This finding needs to be verified by further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hasan Kiziltoprak
- Ophthalmology, Adıyaman University Training and Research Hospital, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Kemal Ozulken
- Ophthalmology, TOBB Economics and Technology University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Renzi-Hammond LM, Buch J, Xu J, Hammond BR. Reduction of Glare Discomfort and Photostress Recovery Time Through the Use of a High-Energy Visible-Filtering Contact Lens. Eye Contact Lens 2022; 48:516-520. [PMID: 36083159 PMCID: PMC9668378 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000000935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Glare discomfort (GDC) is the slight pain (discomfort) that arises when exposed to light that exceeds one's adaptive state. Such light can also cause a temporary loss in visual function (photostress, PS). We tested the hypothesis that filtering with a high-energy visible (HEV) light-filtering contact lens can reduce GDC and speed PS recovery time. METHODS Sixty-one subjects were randomized and fit with study lenses and 58 subjects completed as cohort (20-65 years of age). A double-masked, randomized, contralateral design was used (HEV filter on one eye; control lens on the other). Participants were given a 5-s exposure to a broadband white photostressor. Video images were analyzed, and palpebral fissure size during exposure was measured, as was PS recovery time to a 2-degree mid-wave target. RESULTS The HEV-filtering test lens was statistically superior ( P <0.0001) to the clear comparison contact lens with respect to the magnitude of squint (44.9% squint reduction) and photostress recovery time (24.3% faster recovery). CONCLUSIONS High-energy visible light-filtering contacts can reduce GDC and speed PS recovery. Filtering HEV light before it is incident upon the retina is a natural strategy (e.g., by the lens and macular pigment) for attenuating some of the deleterious effects of bright broadband light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Renzi-Hammond
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavior (L.M.R.-H.), Institute of Gerontology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA; and Research & Development, Johnson & Johnson Vision Care Inc. (J.B., J.X.), Jacksonville, FL; and Vision Sciences Laboratory, Behavioral and Brain Sciences Program, University of Georgia (B.R.H.), Athens, GA
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Effect of Photochromic Contact Lens Wear on Indoor Visual Performance and Patient Satisfaction. Ophthalmol Ther 2022; 11:1847-1855. [PMID: 35908148 PMCID: PMC9437160 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-022-00552-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To quantitatively assess visual performance and patient satisfaction during photochromic contact lens (CL) wear in an indoor environment. METHODS This observational study comprised 82 eyes of 41 healthy subjects (mean age ± standard deviation, 21.7 ± 0.7 years) who had no ophthalmic diseases except for refractive errors at Kitasato University in 2021. We prospectively compared visual acuity, kinetic visual acuity, functional (time-dependent) visual acuity, the maintaining rate of visual acuity, the response time, contrast sensitivity function, higher-order aberrations, and patient satisfaction score for overall vision in such subjects during photochromic and non-photochromic CL wear in such an environment. RESULTS The kinetic visual acuity at 30 km/h was 0.32 ± 0.21 and 0.41 ± 0.24 in the photochromic and non-photochromic CL groups, respectively (p = 0.008). The kinetic visual acuity at 60 km/h was 0.32 ± 0.21 and 0.41 ± 0.24, respectively (p = 0.034). The functional visual acuity was 0.00 ± 0.21 and 0.05 ± 0.25, respectively (p = 0.030). The average response time was 1.19 ± 0.15 s and 1.23 ± 0.15 s, respectively (p = 0.029). The patient satisfaction score for overall visual performance was 4.22 ± 0.11 and 3.59 ± 0.68, respectively (p < 0.001). Otherwise, we found no significant differences in visual acuity, the maintaining rate, higher-order aberrations, or contrast sensitivity function (p = 0.116, p = 0.053, p = 0.371, or p = 0.943). We found no apparent complications such as ocular discomfort, superficial punctate keratitis, conjunctival injection, or infectious keratitis during the observation period. CONCLUSIONS According to our experience, the photochromic CL showed good visual quality, especially in terms of kinetic and functional visual acuities and subsequent high patient satisfaction, even in an indoor environment, suggesting its viability of visual correction not only in daily activities but also in indoor sports activities.
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Renzi-Hammond LM, Hammond BR. Blue-light filtering intraocular implants and darker irises reduce the behavioral effects of higher-order ocular aberrations. Curr Eye Res 2022; 47:753-758. [PMID: 35179418 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2022.2025844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Higher order ocular aberrations (e.g., entopic scatter) arising from cornea and lens, decreases retinal image contrast by dispersing part of the image-forming optics over a broad retinal surface. Selective filtering of the light that is most susceptible to aberration (high-energy "blue" light) may reduce some of the behavioral effects. This was tested by comparing the performance of a blue-light filtering (BLF) vs a clear intraocular lens implant (IOL). MATERIALS AND METHODS 52 participants with IOL (BLF: AlconSN60AT; clear: AlconSA60AT; N = 98 test eyes; M = 67.33 ± 7.48 years; 58.8% Female; 25.5% non-White) were recruited. Our outcome measure was based on the minimum resolvable distance between two points of light (two-point thresholds), formed using broadband xenon or isolated short-wave energy (425 nm). Iris color was measured by visual inspection and comparison against standard images. RESULTS In the broadband condition, patients with BLF IOL had smaller two-point thresholds (M = 17.17 ± 5.71 mm; F[1,48]=2.60; p = 0.045) than clear controls (M = 20.93 ± 10.22 mm). Similar improvements were found in the short-wave condition (MBLF=17.02 ± 5.30; Mclear=21.42 ± 10.99; p = 0.04). In the contralateral broadband comparison, eyes with the BLF had significantly smaller two-point thresholds (M = 18.10 ± 10.47 mm; t=-2.90, p < 0.001) than the clear IOL (M = 20.89 ± 10.61 mm). Similar effects were seen in the short-wave condition (MBLF=18.23 ± 9.88; Mclear=21.06 ± 10.47; p = 0.001). Darker iris color was related to reduced scatter across IOL types, in both shortwave (F[2,48]=4.62, p = 0.02) and broadband (F[2,48]=5.27, p = 0.009) conditions. CONCLUSIONS Anterior screening, be it by a darker iris or a BLF IOL, is directly related to decreases in two-point light thresholds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Renzi-Hammond
- Institute of Gerontology; Department of Health Promotion and Behavior; University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602; United States;
| | - Billy R Hammond
- Vision Sciences Laboratory; Behavioral and Brain Sciences Program; Department of Psychology; University of Georgia; Athens, GA 30602; United States;
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Tavazzi S, Ponzini E, Caridi A, Secreti S, Miglio F, Duse A, Zeri F. Does blue-violet filtering in contact lenses improve contrast sensitivity? Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2021; 45:101558. [PMID: 34922824 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2021.101558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The work is aimed at (i) comparing photopic contrast sensitivity (CS) of healthy subjects in an indoor environment with either blue-violet filtering (BVF) or clear contact lenses (CLs) and (ii) investigating a possible dependence of the CS variation on the subjects' intrinsic CS, measured with clear CLs. METHODS Optical transmittance of BVF and clear CLs was measured by a spectrophotometer. Photopic CS was measured monocularly on forty-one subjects (nineteen in the age range 20-36 years and twenty-two in the age range 44-66 years) by a digital optotype system at spatial frequencies from 1.5 to 18 cpd, wearing either clear or BVF CLs. The results are indicated as CSclear and CSBVF, respectively. RESULTS Transmittance curves in the visible range of the two CLs are very similar, despite an absorption band in the BVF CL spectrum with the minimum of transmittance at 428 ± 4 nm equal to about 79%. For both CSclear and CSBVF, no significant CS difference was found between younger and older adults. The difference [log(CSBVF) - log(CSclear)] showed a decreasing trend and changed sign from positive to negative as a function of log(CSclear) with correlation Spearman's Rho coefficients ranging from 0.80 to 0.88 (p < 0.01 at all spatial frequencies). CONCLUSION In the choice of a BVF CL, practitioners should take into consideration that it can influence photopic CS, improving it for subjects who have a relatively low CS with clear CLs, and worsening it for subjects who have a relatively high CS with clear CLs. BVF can affect positively the CS by reducing intraocular scattering. However, it can also cause a reduction in light intensity, which contributes to the formation of the retinal image. The positive or negative influence of BVF CLs compared to clear ones on CS is attributed to a balance among these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tavazzi
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55 - I-20125, Milan, Italy; Research Centre in Optics and Optometry (COMiB), University of Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55 - I-20125, Milan, Italy
| | - E Ponzini
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55 - I-20125, Milan, Italy; Research Centre in Optics and Optometry (COMiB), University of Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55 - I-20125, Milan, Italy.
| | - A Caridi
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55 - I-20125, Milan, Italy
| | - S Secreti
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55 - I-20125, Milan, Italy
| | - F Miglio
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55 - I-20125, Milan, Italy; Research Centre in Optics and Optometry (COMiB), University of Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55 - I-20125, Milan, Italy
| | - A Duse
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55 - I-20125, Milan, Italy; Research Centre in Optics and Optometry (COMiB), University of Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55 - I-20125, Milan, Italy
| | - F Zeri
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55 - I-20125, Milan, Italy; Research Centre in Optics and Optometry (COMiB), University of Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55 - I-20125, Milan, Italy
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Miyoshi LH, Hollaender MA, Giglio VB, Villela FF, Alves MR. Piggyback Photochromic Contact Lens for Visual Rehabilitation and Photophobia Management in Traumatic Aniridia. Eye Contact Lens 2021; 47:677-679. [PMID: 34653042 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000000833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT We report herein a case of fitting with a photochromic silicone hydrogel contact lens under a rigid gas-permeable lens (piggyback system) for photophobia and low vision correction after traumatic aniridia and aphakia. A 40-year-old woman was referred to our practice for contact lens fitting in her right eye, which was left aphakic after an open globe injury. She also presented traumatic aniridia in the right eye, and her left eye had been previously eviscerated. A successful fitting was obtained with a photochromic silicone hydrogel (senofilcon A) contact lens, with a Dk/t of 121 × 10-9, under an aspheric design, +13.00 D rigid gas-permeable lens. The patient displayed visual acuity and contrast sensitivity improvement and reported decreased photophobia.
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Hammond BR, Buch J, Sonoda L, Renzi-Hammond L. The Effects of a Senofilcon A Contact Lens With and Without a Photochromic Additive on Positive Dysphotopsia Across Age. Eye Contact Lens 2021; 47:265-270. [PMID: 33878065 PMCID: PMC8059875 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000000731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The visual effects of wearing a photochromic contact lens (test) were directly compared with a nonphotochromic contact lens (control). Positive dysphotopsia (halos, starbursts) and intraocular scatter (behaviorally determined) were assessed. Both younger and middle-aged subjects were evaluated to examine the influence of age. METHODS Fifty-four subjects (18-62 years) were tested using a contralateral design. Subjects were fit with a photochromic contact lens on one eye and a nonphotochromic contact lens on the other eye, randomly assigned. Testing occurred with and without photochromic activation (darkened) by use of a violet activator (365 nm, half-bandwidth 20 nm). The extent of dysphotopsia (halos and spokes) was measured using an aperture (∼4 mm) that created a bright point source of light 45 inches from the plane of the eye. Between the point source and subject, a centering precision caliper was used to measure lateral spread. Two-point thresholds were determined by measuring the minimum distance between two points of broadband xenon light. RESULTS The photochromic contact lens produced smaller halo diameters than the control contact lens, both activated (41% on average) and inactivated (21% on average), and age strata was a significant factor (P<0.001) with the older group showing a greater reduction. The photochromic contact lens produced smaller starburst diameters than the control contact lens, both activated (37% on average) and inactivated (23% on average), and age strata was a significant factor (P=0.001) with the older group showing a greater reduction. The two-point thresholds were reduced (25% activated, 9% inactivated) on average but the age effect was not significant (P<0.10). CONCLUSIONS The senofilcon A lens with photochromic additive reduced the extent of positive dysphotopsia compared with the same lens without the additive, regardless whether the lens was activated or not. The visual benefit was greatest with the older subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Billy R Hammond
- Department of Psychology (B.R.H.), Vision Sciences Laboratory, Behavioral and Brain Sciences Program, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA; Johnson and Johnson Vision Care, Inc (L.S.), Jacksonville, FL; and Department of Health Promotion and Behavior (L.R.-H.), Human Biofactors Laboratory, Institute of Gerontology, College of Public Health, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA
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Jones L, Hui A, Phan CM, Read ML, Azar D, Buch J, Ciolino JB, Naroo SA, Pall B, Romond K, Sankaridurg P, Schnider CM, Terry L, Willcox M. CLEAR - Contact lens technologies of the future. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2021; 44:398-430. [PMID: 33775384 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Contact lenses in the future will likely have functions other than correction of refractive error. Lenses designed to control the development of myopia are already commercially available. Contact lenses as drug delivery devices and powered through advancements in nanotechnology will open up further opportunities for unique uses of contact lenses. This review examines the use, or potential use, of contact lenses aside from their role to correct refractive error. Contact lenses can be used to detect systemic and ocular surface diseases, treat and manage various ocular conditions and as devices that can correct presbyopia, control the development of myopia or be used for augmented vision. There is also discussion of new developments in contact lens packaging and storage cases. The use of contact lenses as devices to detect systemic disease has mostly focussed on detecting changes to glucose levels in tears for monitoring diabetic control. Glucose can be detected using changes in colour, fluorescence or generation of electric signals by embedded sensors such as boronic acid, concanavalin A or glucose oxidase. Contact lenses that have gained regulatory approval can measure changes in intraocular pressure to monitor glaucoma by measuring small changes in corneal shape. Challenges include integrating sensors into contact lenses and detecting the signals generated. Various techniques are used to optimise uptake and release of the drugs to the ocular surface to treat diseases such as dry eye, glaucoma, infection and allergy. Contact lenses that either mechanically or electronically change their shape are being investigated for the management of presbyopia. Contact lenses that slow the development of myopia are based upon incorporating concentric rings of plus power, peripheral optical zone(s) with add power or non-monotonic variations in power. Various forms of these lenses have shown a reduction in myopia in clinical trials and are available in various markets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyndon Jones
- Centre for Ocular Research & Education (CORE), School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada; Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), 17W Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong.
| | - Alex Hui
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chau-Minh Phan
- Centre for Ocular Research & Education (CORE), School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada; Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), 17W Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong
| | - Michael L Read
- Eurolens Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Dimitri Azar
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Verily Life Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John Buch
- Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Joseph B Ciolino
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shehzad A Naroo
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Brian Pall
- Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Kathleen Romond
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Padmaja Sankaridurg
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Brien Holden Vision Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Louise Terry
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, UK
| | - Mark Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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