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Lv W, Wang Y, Fu H, Liang Z, Huang B, Jiang R, Wu J, Zhao Y. Recent advances of multifunctional zwitterionic polymers for biomedical application. Acta Biomater 2024; 181:19-45. [PMID: 38729548 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Zwitterionic polymers possess equal total positive and negative charges in the repeating units, making them electrically neutral overall. This unique property results in superhydrophilicity, which makes the zwitterionic polymers highly effective in resisting protein adsorption, thus endowing the drug carriers with long blood circulation time, inhibiting thrombus formation on biomedical devices in contact with blood, and ensuring the good sensitivity of sensors in biomedical application. Moreover, zwitterionic polymers have tumor-targeting ability and pH-responsiveness, rendering them ideal candidates for antitumor drug delivery. Additionally, the high ionic conductivity of zwitterionic polymers makes them an important raw material for ionic skin. Zwitterionic polymers exhibit remarkable resistance to bacterial adsorption and growth, proving their suitability in a wide range of biomedical applications such as ophthalmic applications, and wound dressings. In this paper, we provide an in-depth analysis of the different structures and characteristics of zwitterionic polymers and highlight their unique qualities and suitability for biomedical applications. Furthermore, we discuss the limitations and challenges that must be overcome to realize the full potential of zwitterionic polymers and present an optimistic perspective for zwitterionic polymers in the biomedical fields. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Zwitterionic polymers have a series of excellent properties such as super hydrophilicity, anti-protein adsorption, antibacterial ability and good ionic conductivity. However, biomedical applications of multifunctional zwitterionic polymers are still a major field to be explored. This review focuses on the design and application of zwitterionic polymers-based nanosystems for targeted and responsive delivery of antitumor drugs and cancer diagnostic agents. Moreover, the use of zwitterionic polymers in various biomedical applications such as biomedical devices in contact with blood, biosensors, ionic skin, ophthalmic applications and wound dressings is comprehensively described. We discuss current results and future challenges for a better understanding of multifunctional zwitterionic polymers for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Lv
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yanhui Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Huayu Fu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Ziyang Liang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Bangqi Huang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Ruiqin Jiang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Nansha, Guangzhou, 511400, Guangdong, China; Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Yi Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
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Troisi M, Caruso C, D’Andrea L, Rinaldi M, Piscopo R, Troisi S, Costagliola C. Compatibility of a New Ocular Surface Dye with Disposable and Bi-Weekly Soft Contact Lenses: An Experimental Study. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:653. [PMID: 38929636 PMCID: PMC11204805 DOI: 10.3390/life14060653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ocular surface staining for assessing corneal and conjunctival epithelium integrity is typically conducted using fluorescein, lissamine green, or rose Bengal dyes. Recently, a novel vital dye, REmark®, based on riboflavin, has been proposed for ocular surface examination. In the management of corneal and ocular surface diseases (OSD), the use of contact lenses is integral to therapeutic strategies. This study explores the compatibility of REmark® with four different types of disposable or bi-weekly soft contact lenses. Morphological variations observed under stereomicroscopy and ultraviolet (UV) ray transmittance in the visible spectrum (VIS) were evaluated at 2 and 4 h post-immersion of the contact lenses in both the original fluid and the new dye. The findings indicate no significant differences between the group treated with the original liquid and those immersed in REmark®, except for a yellow hue observed in the latter group, which dissipates after 8 h in physiological solution. This study highlights the potential of utilizing the new vital dye for ophthalmologic examinations even in the presence of applied soft contact lenses, offering a promising avenue for improved diagnostic practices and patient comfort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Troisi
- Eye Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini n. 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.T.); (M.R.); (R.P.); (C.C.)
| | - Ciro Caruso
- Corneal Transplant Center, Pellegrini Hospital, Via Portamedina alla Pignasecca, 41, 80127 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Luca D’Andrea
- Eye Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini n. 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.T.); (M.R.); (R.P.); (C.C.)
- Public Health Department, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini n. 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Rinaldi
- Eye Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini n. 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.T.); (M.R.); (R.P.); (C.C.)
| | - Raffaele Piscopo
- Eye Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini n. 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.T.); (M.R.); (R.P.); (C.C.)
| | - Salvatore Troisi
- Ophthalmologic Unit, Salerno Hospital University, 84100 Salerno, Italy;
| | - Ciro Costagliola
- Eye Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini n. 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.T.); (M.R.); (R.P.); (C.C.)
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Díaz-Gómez S, Burgos-Martínez M, Sankaridurg P, Urkia-Solorzano A, Carballo-Álvarez J. Two-Year Myopia Management Efficacy of Extended Depth of Focus Soft Contact Lenses (MYLO) in Caucasian Children. Am J Ophthalmol 2024; 260:122-131. [PMID: 38056608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2023.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the progression of myopia as assessed by change in axial length (AL) and spherical equivalent (SE) from baseline in Caucasian children wearing extended depth of focus soft contact lenses (CLs) compared to distance single-vision spectacles. DESIGN Prospective non-randomized comparative clinical trial. METHODS A total of 90 children (6-13 years of age) with SE ranging from -0.75 to -10.00 diopters (D) were recruited. Of these children, 45 were fitted with CLs (MYLO, mark´ennovy), whereas 45 children wore spectacles. Cycloplegic refraction was measured with an auto-refractometer (Topcon-TRK-2P) and AL with an IOLMaster-700 (Zeiss) at 6-month intervals. Subjective responses after 1 month of CL wear related to vision and comfort were determined using a questionnaire with a scale from 1 (very poor) to 10 (excellent). High-contrast visual acuity (HCVA) and contrast sensitivity (CS) were evaluated at baseline, 12, and 24 months. RESULTS After 2 years, mean change in SE/AL in the CL group was -0.62 ± 0.30 D/0.37 ± 0.04 mm and -1.13 ± 0.20 D/0.66 ± 0.03 mm in the spectacles group (P < .001). Cumulative absolute reduction in axial elongation (CARE) was 0.29 ± 0.06 mm. Difference in SE change was -0.50 ± 0.34 D. Although 100% of CL group had an AL increase ≤0.50 mm, all participants increased ≥0.50 mm in the spectacles group. In all, 53% of the CL group and 1% in the spectacles group showed a progression in SE ≤ -0.50D. All questionnaire items showed a mean value ≥9. There was a reduction logMAR HCVA in the CL compared to the spectacles group but it was less than 1 line (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Use of MYLO CLs reduced axial elongation and myopia progression compared to use of distance single-vision spectacles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Díaz-Gómez
- From the Faculty of Optics and Optometry (S.D.-G., J.C.-A.), Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Miranza Centro Oftalmológico Integral (COI) (S.D.-G., A.U.-S.), Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - Padmaja Sankaridurg
- School of Optometry and Vision Science (P.S.)(,) University of New South Wales(,) Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Jesús Carballo-Álvarez
- From the Faculty of Optics and Optometry (S.D.-G., J.C.-A.), Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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Papas EB. 2023 Prentice Medal Award lecture: Ocular surface-related symptoms of discomfort and other stories. Optom Vis Sci 2024; 101:8-11. [PMID: 38350053 DOI: 10.1097/opx.0000000000002086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT I have been fortunate to spend portions of my career in each of private practice, industry, and academia. At some times, these occupations have dictated the research direction, whereas, at others, curiosity has been allowed to dominate. This has resulted in multiple avenues of inquiry (some might say, too many), along which I have traveled with a rich and varied cast of collaborators, who have all taught me a great deal. The privilege of being awarded the Charles F. Prentice medal provides me an opportunity to summarize some of these activities. Beginning with an attempt to use contact lenses to solve a problem for those affected by albinism, the story shifts to addressing some of the wider deficiencies of contact lenses, in particular the consequences of their oxygen permeability and tendency to induce discomfort toward the end of the day. After briefly considering some aspects of meibomian gland function, the narrative concludes with the latest investigations of neurological links between the cornea and migraine.
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Zhu Q, Zhang Q, Fu DY, Su G. Polysaccharides in contact lenses: From additives to bulk materials. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 316:121003. [PMID: 37321708 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As the number of applications has increased, so has the demand for contact lenses comfort. Adding polysaccharides to lenses is a popular way to enhance comfort for wearers. However, this may also compromise some lens properties. It is still unclear how to balance the variation of individual lens parameters in the design of contact lenses containing polysaccharides. This review provides a comprehensive overview of how polysaccharide addition impacts lens wear parameters, such as water content, oxygen permeability, surface wettability, protein deposition, and light transmittance. It also examines how various factors, such as polysaccharide type, molecular weight, amount, and mode of incorporation into lenses modulate these effects. Polysaccharide addition can improve some wear parameters while reducing others depending on the specific conditions. The optimal method, type, and amount of added polysaccharides depend on the trade-off between various lens parameters and wear requirements. Simultaneously, polysaccharide-based contact lenses may be a promising option for biodegradable contact lenses as concerns regarding environmental risks associated with contact lens degradation continue to increase. It is hoped that this review will shed light on the rational use of polysaccharides in contact lenses to make personalized lenses more accessible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Ding-Yi Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Gaoxing Su
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
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Jones L, Efron N, Bandamwar K, Barnett M, Jacobs DS, Jalbert I, Pult H, Rhee MK, Sheardown H, Shovlin JP, Stahl U, Stanila A, Tan J, Tavazzi S, Ucakhan OO, Willcox MDP, Downie LE. TFOS Lifestyle: Impact of contact lenses on the ocular surface. Ocul Surf 2023; 29:175-219. [PMID: 37149139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2023.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Several lifestyle choices made by contact lens wearers can have adverse consequences on ocular health. These include being non-adherent to contact lens care, sleeping in lenses, ill-advised purchasing options, not seeing an eyecare professional for regular aftercare visits, wearing lenses when feeling unwell, wearing lenses too soon after various forms of ophthalmic surgery, and wearing lenses when engaged in risky behaviors (e.g., when using tobacco, alcohol or recreational drugs). Those with a pre-existing compromised ocular surface may find that contact lens wear exacerbates ocular disease morbidity. Conversely, contact lenses may have various therapeutic benefits. The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic impinged upon the lifestyle of contact lens wearers, introducing challenges such as mask-associated dry eye, contact lens discomfort with increased use of digital devices, inadvertent exposure to hand sanitizers, and reduced use of lenses. Wearing contact lenses in challenging environments, such as in the presence of dust and noxious chemicals, or where there is the possibility of ocular trauma (e.g., sport or working with tools) can be problematic, although in some instances lenses can be protective. Contact lenses can be worn for sport, theatre, at high altitude, driving at night, in the military and in space, and special considerations are required when prescribing in such situations to ensure successful outcomes. A systematic review and meta-analysis, incorporated within the review, identified that the influence of lifestyle factors on soft contact lens dropout remains poorly understood, and is an area in need of further research. Overall, this report investigated lifestyle-related choices made by clinicians and contact lens wearers and discovered that when appropriate lifestyle choices are made, contact lens wear can enhance the quality of life of wearers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyndon Jones
- Centre for Ocular Research & Education (CORE), School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
| | - Nathan Efron
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kalika Bandamwar
- Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Melissa Barnett
- University of California, Davis Eye Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Deborah S Jacobs
- Massachusetts Eye & Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Isabelle Jalbert
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Heiko Pult
- Dr Heiko Pult Optometry & Vision Research, Weinheim, Germany
| | | | - Heather Sheardown
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Ulli Stahl
- Centre for Ocular Research & Education (CORE), School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | | | - Jacqueline Tan
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Silvia Tavazzi
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Mark D P Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Laura E Downie
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Capote-Puente R, Bautista-Llamas MJ, Manzoni C, Sánchez-González JM. Pre-Lens Tear Meniscus Height, Lipid Layer Pattern and Non-Invasive Break-Up Time Short-Term Changes with a Water Gradient Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lens. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12111710. [PMID: 36362865 PMCID: PMC9697334 DOI: 10.3390/life12111710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate pre-lens tear film volume, stability and lipid interferometry patterns with a silicone hydrogel water content contact lens, a novel, noninvasive, ocular-surface-analyzer technology was used. A prospective, longitudinal, single-center, self-control study was performed in daily or monthly replacement silicone hydrogel contact lens wearers. A tear film analysis was achieved with the Integrated Clinical Platform (ICP) Ocular Surface Analyzer (OSA) from SBM System. The subjects were reassessed, with the contact lens, after 30 min of wearing to quantify the volume, stability and lipid pattern of the short-term pre-lens tear film. Lipid layer thickness decreased from 2.05 ± 1.53 to 1.90 ± 1.73 Guillon patterns (p = 0.23). First pre-lens NIBUT decreased from 5.03 ± 1.04 to 4.63 ± 0.89 s (p = 0.01). Mean pre-lens NIBUT significantly increased from 15.19 ± 9.54 to 21.27 ± 11.97 s (p < 0.01). Lid opening time significantly increased from 26.36 ± 19.72 to 38.58 ± 21.78 s (p < 0.01). The silicone hydrogel contact lens with water gradient technology significantly increased the mean pre-lens NIBUT and lid opening time. Lehfilcon A suggested an improvement in contact lens wearers with tear film instability or decreased subjective symptoms of dry eye disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Capote-Puente
- Vision Research Group (CIVIUS), Department of Physics of Condensed Matter, Optica Area, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - María-José Bautista-Llamas
- Vision Research Group (CIVIUS), Department of Physics of Condensed Matter, Optica Area, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Caterina Manzoni
- Department of Materials Science, Optics and Optometry Area, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - José-María Sánchez-González
- Vision Research Group (CIVIUS), Department of Physics of Condensed Matter, Optica Area, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Carnt N, Gonzalez-Garcia MJ. The R-evolution of contact lenses: Will long-term contact lens wearers in the future be the same as now? Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2021; 45:101557. [PMID: 34920943 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2021.101557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Carnt
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW, Sydney, Australia; Centre for Vision Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Australia; Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria J Gonzalez-Garcia
- IOBA (Institute of Applied Ophthalmobiology), Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Valladolid, Spain.
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