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Applying the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) for food sensitization to support in vitro testing strategies. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Campo P, Villalba M, Barrionuevo E, Rondón C, Salas M, Galindo L, Rodríguez MJ, López-Rodríguez JC, Prieto-Del Prado MA, Torres MJ, Blanca M, Mayorga C. Immunologic responses to the major allergen of Olea europaea in local and systemic allergic rhinitis subjects. Clin Exp Allergy 2016. [PMID: 26221871 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the in vivo and in vitro responses to nOle e 1 in allergic rhinitis (AR) and local allergic rhinitis (LAR) patients sensitized to olive tree pollen (OL) confirmed by nasal allergen provocation test (NAPT). METHODS Twelve subjects with AR, 12 with LAR and 12 subjects as control group (CG) were selected. Skin testing and NAPT with nOle e 1 were performed. Eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP) and tryptase were measured in nasal lavages before and after NAPT. Serum IgE to OL allergens was measured by ELISA. Basophil activation tests (BAT) with OL and nOle e 1 and dendritic cell maturation/proliferation studies were carried out. RESULTS All AR (12/12) and 10/12 (83%) of LAR had a +NAPT to nOle e 1. ECP levels in nasal lavages were significantly increased after NAPT in both AR and LAR compared with CG at 15 min (P < 0.05). Serum IgE was positive only in AR. All AR had +BAT responses to OL and 10/12 to nOle e 1 (83%); 8/12 LAR (66.6%) had a +BAT to OL and 4/12 (33%) to nOle e 1, with only one subject of the CG with a +BAT to both OL and nOle e 1 (8%). Dendritic cell proliferation to nOle e 1 was increased in AR compared to LAR and CG (P = 0.019 and P = 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION Both AR and LAR had a similar in vivo response to nOle e 1 with release of inflammatory mediators. Specific basophil activation with OL and nOle e 1 was observed in LAR confirming previous data obtained with dust mites.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Campo
- U.G.C. Allergy, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, UMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - M Villalba
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Barrionuevo
- U.G.C. Allergy, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, UMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - C Rondón
- U.G.C. Allergy, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, UMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - M Salas
- U.G.C. Allergy, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, UMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - L Galindo
- U.G.C. Allergy, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, UMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - M J Rodríguez
- Allergy Research Laboratory, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, UMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - J C López-Rodríguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - M A Prieto-Del Prado
- U.G.C. Allergy, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, UMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - M J Torres
- U.G.C. Allergy, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, UMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - M Blanca
- U.G.C. Allergy, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, UMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - C Mayorga
- U.G.C. Allergy, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, UMA, Málaga, Spain.,Allergy Research Laboratory, IBIMA, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, UMA, Málaga, Spain
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Lundberg K, Rydnert F, Broos S, Andersson M, Greiff L, Lindstedt M. Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy Alters the Frequency, as well as the FcR and CLR Expression Profiles of Human Dendritic Cell Subsets. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148838. [PMID: 26863539 PMCID: PMC4749279 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) induces tolerance and shifts the Th2 response towards a regulatory T-cell profile. The underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, but dendritic cells (DC) play a vital role as key regulators of T-cell responses. DCs interact with allergens via Fc receptors (FcRs) and via certain C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), including CD209/DC-SIGN, CD206/MR and Dectin-2/CLEC6A. In this study, the effect of AIT on the frequencies as well as the FcR and CLR expression profiles of human DC subsets was assessed. PBMC was isolated from peripheral blood from seven allergic donors before and after 8 weeks and 1 year of subcutaneous AIT, as well as from six non-allergic individuals. Cells were stained with antibodies against DC subset-specific markers and a panel of FcRs and CLRs and analyzed by flow cytometry. After 1 year of AIT, the frequency of CD123+ DCs was increased and a larger proportion expressed FcεRI. Furthermore, the expression of CD206 and Dectin-2 was reduced on CD141+ DCs after 1 year of treatment and CD206 as well as Dectin-1 was additionally down regulated in CD1c+ DCs. Interestingly, levels of DNGR1/CLEC9A on CD141+ DCs were increased by AIT, reaching levels similar to cells isolated from non-allergic controls. The modifications in phenotype and occurrence of specific DC subsets observed during AIT suggest an altered capacity of DC subsets to interact with allergens, which can be part of the mechanisms by which AIT induces allergen tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Lundberg
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Frida Rydnert
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sissela Broos
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Morgan Andersson
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lennart Greiff
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Malin Lindstedt
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Ashjaei K, Palmberger D, Bublin M, Bajna E, Breiteneder H, Grabherr R, Ellinger I, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K. Atopic donor status does not influence the uptake of the major grass pollen allergen, Phl p 5, by dendritic cells. J Immunol Methods 2015; 424:120-30. [PMID: 26055335 PMCID: PMC4739503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are sentinels of the immune system for antigen recognition and uptake, as well as presentation to naïve T cells for stimulation or priming. Internalization and endocytic degradation of allergens by DCs are important steps required for T cell priming. In the current study we investigated binding and internalization of purified recombinant non-glycosylated grass pollen allergen, Phl p 5, and natural non-specific lipid transfer protein from sunflower, SF-nsLTP to human monocyte derived dendritic cells (MoDCs). Colocalization of Phl p 5 with low affinity (CD23) or high affinity receptor (FcεRI) was investigated by immunofluorescence staining. Likewise, localization of the allergens in early (EE) and late endosomes (LE) was detected by co-staining for early endosome antigen (EEA1) and lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1). In our experimental setting we could demonstrate that Phl p 5 as well as SF-nsLTP bound to MoDCs from both, grass pollen allergic and non-allergic individuals. Competitive allergen uptake experiments demonstrated non-preferential and simultaneous uptake of Phl p 5 and SF-nsLTP by MoDCs. No overlap of signals from Phl p 5 and CD23 or FcεRI was detectable, excluding IgE-mediated uptake for this allergen. Both allergens, Phl p 5 and SF-nsLTP, were localized in early and late endosomes. The present study applied a set of methods to assess the allergen uptake by MoDCs in an in vitro model. No qualitative and quantitative differences in the allergen uptake of both, Phl p 5 and SF-nsLTP were detected in single and competitive assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazem Ashjaei
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Dieter Palmberger
- Vienna Institute of Biotechnology - VIBT, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Merima Bublin
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Erika Bajna
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Heimo Breiteneder
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Reingard Grabherr
- Vienna Institute of Biotechnology - VIBT, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Isabella Ellinger
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Ashjaei K, Bublin M, Smole U, Lengger N, Hafner C, Breiteneder H, Wagner S, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K. Differential T-helper cell polarization after allergen-specific stimulation of autologous dendritic cells in polysensitized allergic patients. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2015; 166:97-106. [PMID: 25792188 PMCID: PMC4739505 DOI: 10.1159/000375405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in the induction and regulation of adaptive immune responses by polarizing T-helper (Th) cells. In allergic disease this response is dominated by Th2 cells. It is still unclear whether the activation of Th cells by DCs in atopic individuals is allergen specific. Methods Monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs) obtained from polysensitized patients were stimulated with purified Bet v 1, Phl p 5 and Act d 10, and the surface marker expression was analysed. Proliferation and cytokine profiles of autologous naïve CD4+ T cells co-cultured with allergen-pulsed MoDCs were assessed. Results The addition of either Bet v 1 or Phl p 5 did not further increase the expression of surface markers from matured MoDCs in all study groups. In co-cultures, autologous naïve CD4+ T cells proliferated when DCs obtained from individuals allergic to birch and grass pollen were stimulated with Bet v 1 and Phl p 5, respectively. In the co-culture supernatants, significantly increased levels of IL-5 and IL-13 were detected. This effect correlated with the sensitization background and was absent when applying an unspecific allergen, Act d 10. The levels of IL-10 in supernatants of MoDCs and the levels of IL-10 and IFN-γ in supernatants of T cells remained unchanged upon stimulation with allergens. Conclusions In this study we observed that allergen-specific stimulation of MoDCs induces T-cell proliferation and upregulation of Th2-type cytokines. Interestingly, this Th2 polarization was only observed in cells stimulated with the allergen to which the patients were sensitized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazem Ashjaei
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Smole U, Radauer C, Lengger N, Svoboda M, Rigby N, Bublin M, Gaier S, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Jensen-Jarolim E, Mechtcheriakova D, Breiteneder H. The major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 induces different responses in dendritic cells of birch pollen allergic and healthy individuals. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117904. [PMID: 25635684 PMCID: PMC4311984 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells play a fundamental role in shaping the immune response to allergens. The events that lead to allergic sensitization or tolerance induction during the interaction of the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 and dendritic cells are not very well studied. Here, we analyzed the uptake of Bet v 1 and the cross-reactive celery allergen Api g 1 by immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells (iMoDCs) of allergic and normal donors. In addition, we characterized the allergen-triggered intracellular signaling and transcriptional events. Uptake kinetics, competitive binding, and internalization pathways of labeled allergens by iMoDCs were visualized by live-cell imaging. Surface-bound IgE was detected by immunofluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Allergen- and IgE-induced gene expression of early growth response genes and Th1 and Th2 related cytokines and chemokines were analyzed by real-time PCR. Phosporylation of signaling kinases was analyzed by Western blot. Internalization of Bet v 1 by iMoDCs of both donor groups, likely by receptor-mediated caveolar endocytosis, followed similar kinetics. Bet v 1 outcompeted Api g 1 in cell surface binding and uptake. MoDCs of allergic and healthy donors displayed surface-bound IgE and showed a pronounced upregulation of Th2 cytokine- and NFκB-dependent genes upon non-specific Fcε receptor cross-linking. In contrast to these IgE-mediated responses, Bet v 1-stimulation increased transcript levels of the Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 but not of NFκB-related genes in MoDCs of BP allergic donors. Cells of healthy donors were either unresponsive or showed elevated mRNA levels of Th1-promoting chemokines. Moreover, Bet v 1 was able to induce Erk1/2 and p38 MAPK activation in BP allergics but only a slight p38 activation in normal donors. In conclusion, our data indicate that Bet v 1 favors the activation of a Th2 program only in DCs of BP allergic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Smole
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Christian Radauer
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nina Lengger
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Svoboda
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Neil Rigby
- Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Merima Bublin
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sonja Gaier
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Hoffmann-Sommergruber
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erika Jensen-Jarolim
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Messerli Research Institute of the Medical University of Vienna, Veterinary University of Vienna and University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Diana Mechtcheriakova
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail: (HB); (DM)
| | - Heimo Breiteneder
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail: (HB); (DM)
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Rydnert F, Lundberg K, Greiff L, Lindstedt M. Circulating CD1c
+
DCs are superior at activating Th2 responses upon
Phl p
stimulation compared with basophils and pDCs. Immunol Cell Biol 2014; 92:557-60. [DOI: 10.1038/icb.2014.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Frida Rydnert
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund UniversityLundSweden
| | | | - Lennart Greiff
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Skåne University HospitalLundSweden
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Meulenbroek LAPM, de Jong RJ, den Hartog Jager CF, Monsuur HN, Wouters D, Nauta AJ, Knippels LMJ, van Neerven RJJ, Ruiter B, Leusen JHW, Hack CE, Bruijnzeel-Koomen CAFM, Knulst AC, Garssen J, van Hoffen E. IgG antibodies in food allergy influence allergen-antibody complex formation and binding to B cells: a role for complement receptors. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 191:3526-33. [PMID: 23997216 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1202398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Allergen-IgE complexes are more efficiently internalized and presented by B cells than allergens alone. It has been suggested that IgG Abs induced by immunotherapy inhibit these processes. Food-allergic patients have high allergen-specific IgG levels. However, the role of these Abs in complex formation and binding to B cells is unknown. To investigate this, we incubated sera of peanut- or cow's milk-allergic patients with their major allergens to form complexes and added them to EBV-transformed or peripheral blood B cells (PBBCs). Samples of birch pollen-allergic patients were used as control. Complex binding to B cells in presence or absence of blocking Abs to CD23, CD32, complement receptor 1 (CR1, CD35), and/or CR2 (CD21) was determined by flow cytometry. Furthermore, intact and IgG-depleted sera were compared. These experiments showed that allergen-Ab complexes formed in birch pollen, as well as food allergy, contained IgE, IgG1, and IgG4 Abs and bound to B cells. Binding of these complexes to EBV-transformed B cells was completely mediated by CD23, whereas binding to PBBCs was dependent on both CD23 and CR2. This reflected differential receptor expression. Upon IgG depletion, allergen-Ab complexes bound to PBBCs exclusively via CD23. These data indicated that IgG Abs are involved in complex formation. The presence of IgG in allergen-IgE complexes results in binding to B cells via CR2 in addition to CD23. The binding to both CR2 and CD23 may affect Ag processing and presentation, and (may) thereby influence the allergic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A P M Meulenbroek
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Lundberg K, Albrekt AS, Nelissen I, Santegoets S, de Gruijl TD, Gibbs S, Lindstedt M. Transcriptional profiling of human dendritic cell populations and models--unique profiles of in vitro dendritic cells and implications on functionality and applicability. PLoS One 2013; 8:e52875. [PMID: 23341914 PMCID: PMC3544800 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dendritic cells (DCs) comprise heterogeneous populations of cells, which act as central orchestrators of the immune response. Applicability of primary DCs is restricted due to their scarcity and therefore DC models are commonly employed in DC-based immunotherapy strategies and in vitro tests assessing DC function. However, the interrelationship between the individual in vitro DC models and their relative resemblance to specific primary DC populations remain elusive. Objective To describe and assess functionality and applicability of the available in vitro DC models by using a genome-wide transcriptional approach. Methods Transcriptional profiling was performed with four commonly used in vitro DC models (MUTZ-3-DCs, monocyte-derived DCs, CD34-derived DCs and Langerhans cells (LCs)) and nine primary DC populations (dermal DCs, LCs, blood and tonsillar CD123+, CD1c+ and CD141+ DCs, and blood CD16+ DCs). Results Principal Component Analysis showed that transcriptional profiles of each in vitro DC model most closely resembled CD1c+ and CD141+ tonsillar myeloid DCs (mDCs) among primary DC populations. Thus, additional differentiation factors may be required to generate model DCs that more closely resemble other primary DC populations. Also, no model DC stood out in terms of primary DC resemblance. Nevertheless, hierarchical clustering showed clusters of differentially expressed genes among individual DC models as well as primary DC populations. Furthermore, model DCs were shown to differentially express immunologically relevant transcripts and transcriptional signatures identified for each model DC included several immune-associated transcripts. Conclusion The unique transcriptional profiles of in vitro DC models suggest distinct functionality in immune applications. The presented results will aid in the selection of an appropriate DC model for in vitro assays and assist development of DC-based immunotherapy.
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Spillner E, Plum M, Blank S, Miehe M, Singer J, Braren I. Recombinant IgE antibody engineering to target EGFR. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2012; 61:1565-73. [PMID: 22674055 PMCID: PMC11028481 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-012-1287-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies have become a mainstay for the targeted treatment of cancer today. Some of the most successful targets of monoclonal antibodies are constituted by the epidermal growth factor receptor family spearheaded by the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Prompted by studies indicating that IgE compared to IgG may harness alternate effector functions to eradicate malignant cells, we addressed the establishment, engineering, and the potential tumoricidal effects of recombinant anti-EGFR IgE. Therefore, two different therapeutic EGFR-specific antibodies, 225 and 425, were chosen for re-cloning into different chimeric IgE and IgG formats and produced in human cells. Simultaneous antibody binding to the sEGFR demonstrated accessibility of both epitopes for recombinant IgE. Proliferation and cytotoxicity assays demonstrated signal blocking and effector mediating capability of IgE isotypes. Pronounced degranulation in the presence of sEGFR upon activation exclusively with two IgE antibodies verified the epitope proximity and provides evidence that tumor-targeting by anti-EGFR IgE is safe with regard to soluble target structures. Degranulation mediated by tumor cells expressing EGFR could be demonstrated for singular and combined IgE antibodies; however, use of two IgE specificities was not superior to use of one IgE alone. The data suggest that the surface distribution of EGFR is optimally suited to mount a robust effector cell trigger and corroborate the potential and specificity of the IgE/IgE receptor network to react to xenobiotic or pathogenic patterns for targeting malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edzard Spillner
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
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Willumsen N, Holm J, Christensen LH, Würtzen PA, Lund K. The complexity of allergic patients' IgE repertoire correlates with serum concentration of allergen-specific IgE. Clin Exp Allergy 2012; 42:1227-36. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2012.04009.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Willumsen
- Department of Experimental Immunology; ALK-Abelló; Hørsholm; Denmark
| | - J. Holm
- Department of Experimental Immunology; ALK-Abelló; Hørsholm; Denmark
| | - L. H. Christensen
- Department of Experimental Immunology; ALK-Abelló; Hørsholm; Denmark
| | - P. A. Würtzen
- Department of Experimental Immunology; ALK-Abelló; Hørsholm; Denmark
| | - K. Lund
- Department of Experimental Immunology; ALK-Abelló; Hørsholm; Denmark
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Gómez E, Díaz-Perales A, Tordesillas L, Doña I, Torres MJ, Blázquez AB, Gómez F, Blanca M, Mayorga C. Effect of Pru p 3 on dendritic cell maturation and T-lymphocyte proliferation in peach allergic patients. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2012; 109:52-8. [PMID: 22727158 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2012.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Revised: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pru p 3 is the major peach allergen and the most frequent cause of food allergy in adults in the Mediterranean area. Although its allergenicity is well characterized, its ability to generate a T-cell response is not completely known. OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of Pru p 3 allergen on dendritic cell (DC) maturation and specific T-cell response (T(H)1/T(H)2) in peach allergic patients. METHODS Peach allergic patients (n = 11) and tolerant controls (n = 14) were included in the study. Monocyte-derived DC maturation after incubation with Pru p 3 was evaluated by the increase of maturational markers (CD80, CD86, and CD83) by flow cytometry. Lymphocyte proliferation was evaluated by coculturing monocyte-derived DCs and 5,6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate N-succinimidyl ester-stained lymphocytes with different concentrations of Pru p 3 (25, 10, and 1 μg/mL) by flow cytometry and cytokine production. RESULTS Pru p 3 induced a significant increase in the CD80, CD86, and CD83 expression on stimulated DCs from patients compared with controls. The lymphocyte proliferative response after Pru p 3 stimulation was also significantly higher along with an increase in interleukin 8 in patients compared with tolerant controls. CONCLUSION Pru p 3 allergen induces changes in DC maturational status mainly in peach allergic patients. An increase in lymphocyte proliferative response accompanied with a different cytokine pattern was also observed compared with healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Gómez
- Research Laboratory for Allergic Diseases, Carlos Haya Hospital, Málaga, Spain
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14
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Eckl-Dorna J, Ellinger A, Blatt K, Ghanim V, Steiner I, Pavelka M, Valent P, Valenta R, Niederberger V. Basophils are not the key antigen-presenting cells in allergic patients. Allergy 2012; 67:601-8. [PMID: 22335568 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2012.02792.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent data obtained in mouse models have initiated a controversy whether basophils are the key antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in allergy. Here, we investigate whether basophils are of importance for the presentation of allergen and the induction of T cell proliferation in allergic patients. METHODS T cells, basophils, and APCs depleted of basophils were purified from allergic patients. Co-culture systems based on purified major allergens were established to study allergen-specific T cell responses using proliferation assays. RESULTS Only co-cultures of T cells with APCs depleted of basophils but not with basophils proliferated in response to allergen. Even addition of IL-3 to T cell-basophil co-cultures failed to induce allergen-specific T cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate by classical in vitro proliferation assays that basophils are not key antigen-presenting cells that promote T cell proliferation in secondary immune responses to allergen in allergic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Eckl-Dorna
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Medical University of Vienna, AKH; Vienna; Austria
| | - A. Ellinger
- Department of Cell Biology and Ultrastructure Research; Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna; Austria
| | - K. Blatt
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology; Department of Internal Medicine I; Medical University of Vienna, AKH; Vienna; Austria
| | - V. Ghanim
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology; Department of Internal Medicine I; Medical University of Vienna, AKH; Vienna; Austria
| | - I. Steiner
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna; Austria
| | - M. Pavelka
- Department of Cell Biology and Ultrastructure Research; Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna; Austria
| | - P. Valent
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology; Department of Internal Medicine I; Medical University of Vienna, AKH; Vienna; Austria
| | - R. Valenta
- Division of Immunopathology; Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research; Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology; Medical University of Vienna, AKH; Vienna; Austria
| | - V. Niederberger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Medical University of Vienna, AKH; Vienna; Austria
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15
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Hecker J, Diethers A, Etzold S, Seismann H, Michel Y, Plum M, Bredehorst R, Blank S, Braren I, Spillner E. Generation and epitope analysis of human monoclonal antibody isotypes with specificity for the Timothy grass major allergen Phl p 5a. Mol Immunol 2011; 48:1236-44. [PMID: 21474184 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2011.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The scarcity of monoclonal human IgE antibodies with specificity for defined allergens is a bottleneck for the molecular characterisation of allergens and their epitopes. Insights into the characteristics of such antibodies may allow for analyses of the molecular basis underlying allergenicity and cross-reactivity, standardisation of allergens as well as improvement of allergy diagnostics and therapeutics. Here we report the generation and application of the first set of authentic human IgG, IgE and IgA antibodies. On the basis of a Phl p 5a specific antibody fragment, a lambda light chain and the IgG1, IgG4, IgE, IgA1, and IgA2 heavy chains, the corresponding human immunoglobulins were constructed and produced in mammalian cells. In parallel, a murine hybridoma line with specificity for Phl p 5a was established, recloned and produced as human chimeric IgE. After purification, immunoreactivity of the antibodies with the allergen was assessed. Applicability in allergy diagnostics was confirmed by establishment of artificial human sera. Functionality of both antibodies was further demonstrated in receptor binding studies and mediator release assays using humanised rat basophil leukaemia cells (RBL-SX38) suggesting the presence of spatially separate epitopes. By using Phl p 5 fusion proteins and recombinant IgE in immunoblotting and mediator release assays we assigned the epitope of the authentic IgE to a looped stretch exclusively present in Phl p 5a. In summary, the Phl p 5-specific antibodies are the first full set of allergy-related antibody isotypes of their kind and represent valuable tools for studies of fundamental mechanisms and structure/function relationships in allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Hecker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Germany
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16
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Abstract
Affinity proteomics, mainly represented by antibody microarrays, has in recent years been established as a powerful tool for high-throughput (disease) proteomics. The technology can be used to generate detailed protein expression profiles, or protein maps, of focused set of proteins in crude proteomes and potentially even high-resolution portraits of entire proteomes. The technology provides unique opportunities, for example biomarker discovery, disease diagnostics, patient stratification and monitoring of disease, and taking the next steps toward personalized medicine. However, the process of designing high-performing, high-density antibody micro- and nanoarrays has proven to be challenging, requiring truly cross-disciplinary efforts to be adopted. In this mini-review, we address one of these key technological issues, namely, the choice of probe format, and focus on the use of recombinant antibodies vs. polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies for the generation of antibody arrays.
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17
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Lundberg K, Broos S, Greiff L, Borrebaeck CA, Lindstedt M. Histamine H4 receptor antagonism inhibits allergen-specific T-cell responses mediated by human dendritic cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 651:197-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2010] [Revised: 10/25/2010] [Accepted: 10/31/2010] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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18
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Madritsch C, Flicker S, Scheiblhofer S, Zafred D, Pavkov-Keller T, Thalhamer J, Keller W, Valenta R. Recombinant monoclonal human immunoglobulin E to investigate the allergenic activity of major grass pollen allergen Phl p 5. Clin Exp Allergy 2010; 41:270-80. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2010.03666.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Tissue proteome profiling of preeclamptic placenta using recombinant antibody microarrays. Proteomics Clin Appl 2010; 4:794-807. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201000001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2010] [Revised: 05/27/2010] [Accepted: 07/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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20
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Lundberg K, Greiff L, Borrebaeck CAK, Lindstedt M. FcεRI levels and frequencies of peripheral blood dendritic cell populations in allergic rhinitis. Hum Immunol 2010; 71:931-3. [PMID: 20650300 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2010.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2010] [Revised: 07/05/2010] [Accepted: 07/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The dendritic cell (DC) lineage encompasses a diverse population of cells with unique subtype-specific functions. In peripheral blood, four DC subsets have been identified based on their distinct expression of CD1c, CD141, CD16, and CD123, and these subpopulations exhibit functional properties in immune responses. However, their respective roles in allergic diseases, such as rhinitis, are unclear. In this study, we have performed comparative assessments of DC subset frequencies and investigated their FcεRI expression levels in patients with allergic rhinitis. We demonstrate that the frequencies of CD1c+ and CD141+ DCs are elevated in grass pollen-allergic subjects compared with healthy controls, irrespectively of allergen stimulation. Among the DC subsets, CD1c+ DCs expressed the highest levels of FcεRI mRNA, and a large proportion expressed surface FcεRI. Furthermore, the FcεRI expression levels were augmented upon allergen challenge. Thus our data suggest that CD1c+ DCs influence allergen-specific immune responses. Research on their functional properties in allergy is warranted for development of future immunotherapies targeting specialized DC subsets.
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21
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Broos S, Lundberg K, Akagi T, Kadowaki K, Akashi M, Greiff L, Borrebaeck CAK, Lindstedt M. Immunomodulatory nanoparticles as adjuvants and allergen-delivery system to human dendritic cells: Implications for specific immunotherapy. Vaccine 2010; 28:5075-85. [PMID: 20478343 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2010] [Revised: 04/27/2010] [Accepted: 05/03/2010] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Novel adjuvants and antigen-delivery systems with immunomodulatory properties that shift the allergenic Th2 response towards a Th1 or regulatory T cell response are desired for allergen-specific immunotherapy. This study demonstrates that 200-nm sized biodegradable poly(gamma-glutamic acid) (gamma-PGA) nanoparticles (NPs) are activators of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs). Gamma-PGA NPs are efficiently internalized by immature MoDCs and strongly stimulate production of chemokines and inflammatory cytokines as well as up-regulation of co-stimulatory molecules and immunomodulatory mediators involved in efficient T cell priming. Furthermore, MoDCs from allergic subjects stimulated in vitro with a mixture of gamma-PGA NPs and extract of grass pollen allergen Phleum pratense (Phl p) augment allergen-specific IL-10 production and proliferation of autologous CD4(+) memory T cells. Thus, gamma-PGA NPs are promising as sophisticated adjuvants and allergen-delivery systems in allergen-specific immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sissela Broos
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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22
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Abstract
Antibody-based microarrays are a new powerful proteomic technology that can be used to generate rapid and detailed expression profiles of defined sets of protein analytes in complex samples as well as high-resolution portraits of entire proteomes. Miniaturized micro- and nanoarrays can be printed with numerous antibodies carrying the desired specificities. Multiplexed and ultra-sensitive assays, specifically targeting several analytes in a single experiment, can be performed, while consuming only minute amounts of the sample. The array images generated can then be converted into protein expression profiles, or maps, revealing the detailed composition of the sample. This promising proteomic research tool will thus provide unique opportunities for e.g. disease proteomics, biomarker discovery, disease diagnostics, and patient stratification. This review describes the antibody-based microarray technology and applications thereof.
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