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Al-Danakh A, Safi M, Jian Y, Yang L, Zhu X, Chen Q, Yang K, Wang S, Zhang J, Yang D. Aging-related biomarker discovery in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitors for cancer patients. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1348189. [PMID: 38590525 PMCID: PMC11000233 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1348189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Older patients with cancer, particularly those over 75 years of age, often experience poorer clinical outcomes compared to younger patients. This can be attributed to age-related comorbidities, weakened immune function, and reduced tolerance to treatment-related adverse effects. In the immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) era, age has emerged as an influential factor impacting the discovery of predictive biomarkers for ICI treatment. These age-linked changes in the immune system can influence the composition and functionality of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) that play a crucial role in the cancer response. Older patients may have lower levels of TIICs infiltration due to age-related immune senescence particularly T cell function, which can limit the effectivity of cancer immunotherapies. Furthermore, age-related immune dysregulation increases the exhaustion of immune cells, characterized by the dysregulation of ICI-related biomarkers and a dampened response to ICI. Our review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms that contribute to the impact of age on ICI-related biomarkers and ICI response. Understanding these mechanisms will facilitate the development of treatment approaches tailored to elderly individuals with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Al-Danakh
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Mohammed Safi
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yuli Jian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Linlin Yang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xinqing Zhu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Qiwei Chen
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Kangkang Yang
- Institute for Genome Engineered Animal Models of Human Diseases, National Center of Genetically Engineered Animal Models for International Research, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Shujing Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Deyong Yang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Department of Surgery, Healinghands Clinic, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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2
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Liu B, Cheng L, Gao H, Zhang J, Dong Y, Gao W, Yuan S, Gong T, Huang W. The biology of VSIG4: Implications for the treatment of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and cancer. Cancer Lett 2023; 553:215996. [PMID: 36343787 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
V-set and immunoglobulin domain containing 4 (VSIG4), a type I transmembrane receptor exclusively expressed in a subset of tissue-resident macrophages, plays a pivotal role in clearing C3-opsonized pathogens and their byproducts from the circulation. VSIG4 maintains immune homeostasis by suppressing the activation of complement pathways or T cells and inducing regulatory T-cell differentiation, thereby inhibiting the development of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases but enhancing cancer progression. Consequently, VSIG4 exhibits a potential therapeutic effect for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, but also is regarded as a novel target of immune checkpoint inhibition in cancer therapy. Recently, soluble VSIG4, the extracellular domain of VSIG4, shed from the surface of macrophages, has been found to be a biomarker to define macrophage activation-related diseases. This review mainly summarizes recent new findings of VSIG4 in macrophage phagocytosis and immune homeostasis, and discusses its potential diagnostic and therapeutic usage in infection, inflammation, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100071, China; PLA 307 Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Li Cheng
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Honghao Gao
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Jiale Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Fuchenglu 6#, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yanxin Dong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Fuchenglu 6#, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Wenda Gao
- Antagen Institute for Biomedical Research, Boston, MA, 02021, USA
| | - Shunzong Yuan
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100071, China; PLA 307 Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Beijing, 100071, China.
| | - Taiqian Gong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Fuchenglu 6#, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Wenrong Huang
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100071, China.
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3
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Li Y, Wang Q, Li J, Li A, Wang Q, Zhang Q, Chen Y. Therapeutic modulation of V Set and Ig domain-containing 4 (VSIG4) signaling in immune and inflammatory diseases. Cytotherapy 2023; 25:561-572. [PMID: 36642683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is the result of acute and chronic stresses, caused by emotional or physical trauma, or nutritional or environmental pollutants, and brings serious harm to human life and health. As an important cellular component of the innate immune barrier, the macrophage plays a key role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and promoting tissue repair by controlling infection and resolving inflammation. Several studies suggest that V Set and Ig domain-containing 4 is specifically expressed in tissue macrophages and is associated with a variety of inflammatory diseases. In this paper, we mainly summarize the recent research on V Set and Ig domain-containing 4 structures, functions, function and roles in acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, and provide a novel therapeutic avenue for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, including nervous system, urinary, respiratory and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Li
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China; Engineering Technology Research Center for the Utilization of Functional Components of Organic Natural Products, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China; Engineering Technology Research Center for the Utilization of Functional Components of Organic Natural Products, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China; Engineering Technology Research Center for the Utilization of Functional Components of Organic Natural Products, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Aohan Li
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China; Engineering Technology Research Center for the Utilization of Functional Components of Organic Natural Products, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China; Engineering Technology Research Center for the Utilization of Functional Components of Organic Natural Products, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Qinggao Zhang
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China; Engineering Technology Research Center for the Utilization of Functional Components of Organic Natural Products, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yingqing Chen
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China; Engineering Technology Research Center for the Utilization of Functional Components of Organic Natural Products, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
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4
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Qiao DR, Shan GY, Wang S, Cheng JY, Yan WQ, Li HJ. The mononuclear phagocyte system in hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:6345-6355. [PMID: 36533105 PMCID: PMC9753057 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i45.6345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) consists of monocytes, dendritic cells and macrophages, which play vital roles in innate immune defense against cancer. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a complex disease that is affected or initiated by many factors, including chronic hepatitis B virus infection, hepatitis C virus infection, metabolic disorders or alcohol consumption. Liver function, tumor stage and the performance status of patients affect HCC clinical outcomes. Studies have shown that targeted treatment of tumor microenvironment disorders may improve the efficacy of HCC treatments. Cytokines derived from the innate immune response can regulate T-cell differentiation, thereby shaping adaptive immunity, which is associated with the prognosis of HCC. Therefore, it is important to elucidate the function of the MPS in the progression of HCC. In this review, we outline the impact of HCC on the MPS. We illustrate how HCC reshapes MPS cell phenotype remodeling and the production of associated cytokines and characterize the function and impairment of the MPS in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duan-Rui Qiao
- Department of Bioengineering, Pharmacy School of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, Jilin Province, China
| | - Guan-Yue Shan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, Jilin Province, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, Jilin Province, China
- Department of Students Affairs, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130031, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jun-Ya Cheng
- Department of Bioengineering, Pharmacy School of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, Jilin Province, China
| | - Wei-Qun Yan
- Department of Bioengineering, Pharmacy School of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hai-Jun Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, Jilin Province, China
- Institute of Liver Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, Jilin Province, China
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5
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Boldt ABW, Oliveira-Toré CDF, Kretzschmar GC, Weinschutz Mendes H, Stinghen ST, Andrade FA, Bumiller-Bini V, Gonçalves LB, Braga ACDM, Stahlke EVRS, Velavan TP, Thiel S, de Messias-Reason IJT. Hepatitis B Virus Infection Among Leprosy Patients: A Case for Polymorphisms Compromising Activation of the Lectin Pathway and Complement Receptors. Front Immunol 2021; 11:574457. [PMID: 33643280 PMCID: PMC7904891 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.574457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Thousands of leprosy patients not only suffer from physical deformities, but also either have or have had hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection. Polymorphisms of the complement system modulate susceptibility to leprosy, but genetic susceptibility to past or present HBV infection is unknown. We used sequencing and multiplex sequence-specific PCR to genotype 72 polymorphisms of seven genes (MBL2, FCN1, FCN2, FCN3, MASP1, MASP2, C3) encoding components of the lectin pathway, and two genes encoding complement receptors (CR1, VSIG4) in 190 patients, of which 74 were positive for HBsAg and/or anti-HBc (HBV+, 93.2% with a resolved infection) and 116 lepromatous patients, and 408 HBV-blood donors. In addition, we tested for levels of proteins of the lectin pathway. We found no difference between serum concentrations of mannan-binding lectin (MBL), MBL-associated serine proteins (MASP-1, MASP-2, MASP-3, MAp44), ficolin-3 (FCN-3), soluble complement receptor 1 (sCR1) and MBL mediated C4 activation, measured by ELISA or TRIFMA in up to 167 HBV+ and HBV- patients. Haplotypes lowering protein levels or encoding dysfunctional proteins increased susceptibility to HBV infection: MBL2*LYQC (OR = 3.4, p = 0.02), MASP1*AC_CC (OR = 4.0, p = 0.015) and MASP2*1C2-l (OR = 5.4, p = 0.03). Conversely, FCN1*3C2 haplotype, associated with higher gene expression, was protective (OR = 0.56, P = 0.033). Other haplotypes associated with HBV susceptibility were: MASP2*2B1-i (OR = 19.25, P = 0.003), CR1*3A (OR = 2.65, P = 0.011) and VSIG4*TGGRCG (OR = 12.55, P = 0.014). Some polymorphisms in ficolin genes associated with lower protein levels increased susceptibility to leprosy/HBV infection: FCN*1 (OR = 1.66, P = 0.029), FCN2*GGGCAC (OR = 6.73, P = 0.008), and FCN3*del_del_C (OR = 12.54, P = 0.037), and to lepromatous disease/HBV infection: FCN2*TA (OR = 2.5, P = 0.009), whereas FCN2*MAG was associated with increased FCN-2 expression and resistance against coinfection (OR = 0.29, P = 0.026). These associations were independent of demographic factors and did not increase susceptibility to leprosy per se, except MASP2*1C2-l. Associations for FCN2, FCN3, MASP1, MASP2, and VSIG4 variants were also independent of each other. In conclusion, polymorphisms compromising activation of the lectin pathway of complement increase susceptibility to HBV infection, with ficolin polymorphisms playing a major role in modulating the susceptibility among leprosy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Beate Winter Boldt
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Postgraduate Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Postgraduate Program in Internal Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Camila de Freitas Oliveira-Toré
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Postgraduate Program in Internal Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Canalli Kretzschmar
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Postgraduate Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Hellen Weinschutz Mendes
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Postgraduate Program in Internal Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Sérvio Túlio Stinghen
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Postgraduate Program in Internal Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Antunes Andrade
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Postgraduate Program in Internal Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Valéria Bumiller-Bini
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Postgraduate Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Letícia Boslooper Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Postgraduate Program in Internal Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Anna Carolina de Moraes Braga
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Postgraduate Program in Internal Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Vietnamese-German Center for Medical Research, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Steffen Thiel
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Iara José Taborda de Messias-Reason
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Postgraduate Program in Internal Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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6
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Lukácsi S, Mácsik-Valent B, Nagy-Baló Z, Kovács KG, Kliment K, Bajtay Z, Erdei A. Utilization of complement receptors in immune cell-microbe interaction. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:2695-2713. [PMID: 31989596 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The complement system is a major humoral component of immunity and is essential for the fast elimination of pathogens invading the body. In addition to its indispensable role in innate immunity, the complement system is also involved in pathogen clearance during the effector phase of adaptive immunity. The fastest way of killing the invader is lysis by the membrane attack complex, which is formed by the terminal components of the complement cascade. Not all pathogens are lysed however and, if opsonized by a variety of molecules, they undergo phagocytosis and disposal inside immune cells. The most important complement-derived opsonins are C1q, the first component of the classical pathway, MBL, the initiator of the lectin pathway and C3-derived activation fragments, including C3b, iC3b and C3d, which all serve as ligands for their corresponding receptors. In this review, we discuss how complement receptors are utilized by various immune cells to tackle invading microbes, or by pathogens to evade host response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szilvia Lukácsi
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Zsuzsa Nagy-Baló
- Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kristóf G Kovács
- Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Zsuzsa Bajtay
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Erdei
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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7
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Munawara U, Perveen K, Small AG, Putty T, Quach A, Gorgani NN, Hii CS, Abbott CA, Ferrante A. Human Dendritic Cells Express the Complement Receptor Immunoglobulin Which Regulates T Cell Responses. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2892. [PMID: 31921153 PMCID: PMC6914870 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The B7 family-related protein V-set and Ig containing 4 (VSIG4), also known as Z39Ig and Complement Immunoglobulin Receptor (CRIg), is the most recent of the complement receptors to be identified, with substantially distinct properties from the classical complement receptors. The receptor displays both phagocytosis-promoting and anti-inflammatory properties. The receptor has been reported to be exclusively expressed in macrophages. We now present evidence, that CRIg is also expressed in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDC), including on the cell surface, implicating its role in adaptive immunity. Three CRIg transcripts were detected and by Western blotting analysis both the known Long (L) and Short (S) forms were prominent but we also identified another form running between these two. Cytokines regulated the expression of CRIg on dendritic cells, leading to its up- or down regulation. Furthermore, the steroid dexamethasone markedly upregulated CRIg expression, and in co-culture experiments, the dexamethasone conditioned dendritic cells caused significant inhibition of the phytohemagglutinin-induced and alloantigen-induced T cell proliferation responses. In the alloantigen-induced response the production of IFNγ, TNF-α, IL-13, IL-4, and TGF-β1, were also significantly reduced in cultures with dexamethasone-treated DCs. Under these conditions dexamethasone conditioned DCs did not increase the percentage of regulatory T cells (Treg). Interestingly, this suppression could be overcome by the addition of an anti-CRIg monoclonal antibody to the cultures. Thus, CRIg expression may be a control point in dendritic cell function through which drugs and inflammatory mediators may exert their tolerogenic- or immunogenic-promoting effects on dendritic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usma Munawara
- Department of Immunopathology, SA Pathology at the Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia.,College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia.,School of Medicine, School of Biological Sciences and The Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Khalida Perveen
- Department of Immunopathology, SA Pathology at the Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia.,School of Medicine, School of Biological Sciences and The Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Annabelle G Small
- Department of Immunopathology, SA Pathology at the Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia.,School of Medicine, School of Biological Sciences and The Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Trishni Putty
- Department of Immunopathology, SA Pathology at the Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia.,School of Medicine, School of Biological Sciences and The Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Alex Quach
- Department of Immunopathology, SA Pathology at the Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia.,School of Medicine, School of Biological Sciences and The Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nick N Gorgani
- Department of Immunopathology, SA Pathology at the Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia.,School of Medicine, School of Biological Sciences and The Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Charles S Hii
- Department of Immunopathology, SA Pathology at the Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia.,School of Medicine, School of Biological Sciences and The Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Catherine A Abbott
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Antonio Ferrante
- Department of Immunopathology, SA Pathology at the Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia.,School of Medicine, School of Biological Sciences and The Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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8
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Martrus G, Goebels H, Langeneckert AE, Kah J, Flomm F, Ziegler AE, Niehrs A, Löbl SM, Russu K, Hess LU, Salzberger W, Poch T, Nashan B, Schramm C, Oldhafer KJ, Dandri M, Koch M, Lunemann S, Altfeld M. CD49a Expression Identifies a Subset of Intrahepatic Macrophages in Humans. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1247. [PMID: 31231382 PMCID: PMC6568245 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play central roles in inflammatory reactions and initiation of immune responses during infections. More than 80% of total tissue macrophages are described to be located in the liver as liver-resident macrophages, also named Kupffer cells (KCs). While studies in mice have established a central role of liver-resident KCs in regulating liver inflammation, their phenotype and function are not well-characterized in humans. Comparing paired human liver and peripheral blood samples, we observed significant differences in the distribution of macrophage (Mφ) subsets, with lower frequencies of CD14hiCD16lo and higher frequencies of CD14int−hiCD16int Mφ in human livers. Intrahepatic Mφ consisted of diverse subsets with differential expression of CD49a, a liver-residency marker previously described for human and mice NK cells, and VSIG4 and/or MARCO, two recently described human tissue Mφ markers. Furthermore, intrahepatic CD49a+ Mφ expressed significantly higher levels of maturation and activation markers, exhibited higher baseline levels of TNF-α, IL-12, and IL-10 production, but responded less to additional in vitro TLR stimulation. In contrast, intrahepatic CD49a− Mφ were highly responsive to stimulation with TLR ligands, similar to what was observed for CD49a− monocytes (MOs) in peripheral blood. Taken together, these studies identified populations of CD49a+, VSIG4+, and/or MARCO+ Mφ in human livers, and demonstrated that intrahepatic CD49a+ Mφ differed in phenotype and function from intrahepatic CD49a− Mφ as well as from peripheral blood-derived monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glòria Martrus
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hanna Goebels
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Annika E Langeneckert
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Janine Kah
- Internal Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Center of Internal Medicine II, Brandenburg Medical School, University Hospital Brandenburg, Brandenburg, Germany
| | - Felix Flomm
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Annerose E Ziegler
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Annika Niehrs
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian M Löbl
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kristina Russu
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Leonard U Hess
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Salzberger
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Poch
- Internal Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Martin Zeitz Center for Rare Diseases, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Björn Nashan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Clinic of Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery and The Transplantation Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Sciences & Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Christoph Schramm
- Internal Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Martin Zeitz Center for Rare Diseases, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karl J Oldhafer
- Department of General & Abdominal Surgery, Asklepios Hospital Barmbek, Semmelweis University of Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maura Dandri
- Internal Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Koch
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Department for General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lunemann
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Altfeld
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
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9
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Yang Y, Tu ZK, Liu XK, Zhang P. Mononuclear phagocyte system in hepatitis C virus infection. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:4962-4973. [PMID: 30510371 PMCID: PMC6262249 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i44.4962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS), which consists of monocytes, dendritic cells (DCs), and macrophages, plays a vital role in the innate immune defense against pathogens. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is efficient in evading the host immunity, thereby facilitating its development into chronic infection. Chronic HCV infection is the leading cause of end-stage liver diseases, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Acquired immune response was regarded as the key factor to eradicate HCV. However, innate immunity can regulate the acquired immune response. Innate immunity-derived cytokines shape the adaptive immunity by regulating T-cell differentiation, which determines the outcome of acute HCV infection. Inhibition of HCV-specific T-cell responses is one of the most important strategies for immune system evasion. It is meaningful to illustrate the role of innate immune response in HCV infection. With the MPS being the important factor in innate immunity, therefore, understanding the role of the MPS in HCV infection will shed light on the pathophysiology of chronic HCV infection. In this review, we outline the impact of HCV infection on the MPS and cytokine production. We discuss how HCV is detected by the MPS and describe the function and impairment of MPS components in HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zheng-Kun Tu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xing-Kai Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
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10
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Roh J, Jeon Y, Lee AN, Lee SM, Kim Y, Sung CO, Park CJ, Hong JY, Yoon DH, Suh C, Huh J, Choi I, Park CS. The immune checkpoint molecule V-set Ig domain-containing 4 is an independent prognostic factor for multiple myeloma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:58122-58132. [PMID: 28938542 PMCID: PMC5601638 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) remains as an incurable disease, despite recent substantial improvements in treatment. Therefore, development of novel biomarkers for risk stratification and new therapeutic targets are imperative. One of the emerging treatments for MM is the immune checkpoint blockades. V-set Ig domain-containing 4 (VSIG4) is a lately studied B7-related immune checkpoint modulator. We assessed the VSIG4 expression in patients with MM and its prognostic impact. We analyzed 81 bone marrow and 66 extramedullary biopsy samples of MM patients using immunohistochemistry. VSIG4 mRNA expression data from the Multiple Myeloma Genomics Portal (MMGP) were analyzed to validate our results. The overall survival (OS) of the high VSIG4 expression group was significantly poorer than that of the low VSIG4 expression group (p = 0.046). VSIG4 expression was remained statistically significant after adjustment for revised international staging system (rISS) and Mayo stratification algorithm (mSMART) risk classification, respectively (p = 0.019 and 0.017). Corroborating results were also observed on analyses of VSIG4 expression in patients with extramedullary MM and external data from the MMGP. Our results suggest that VSIG4 expression in MM is an independent indicator of poor prognosis, implying a possible therapeutic target for immunotherapy for MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Roh
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youkyoung Jeon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Advanced Research Center for Multiple Myeloma, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - A-Neum Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Cell Dysfunction Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Min Lee
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - YeonMee Kim
- Department of Pathology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Chang Ohk Sung
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan-Jeoung Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Yong Hong
- Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dok Hyun Yoon
- Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheolwon Suh
- Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jooryung Huh
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Inhak Choi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Advanced Research Center for Multiple Myeloma, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Chan-Sik Park
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Cell Dysfunction Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Cytokines regulate complement receptor immunoglobulin expression and phagocytosis of Candida albicans in human macrophages: A control point in anti-microbial immunity. Sci Rep 2017. [PMID: 28642550 PMCID: PMC5481325 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04325-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Complement Receptor Immunoglobulin (CRIg), selectively expressed by macrophages, plays an important role in innate immunity by promoting phagocytosis of bacteria. Thus modulation of CRIg on macrophages by cytokines can be an important mechanism by which cytokines regulate anti-microbial immunity. The effects of the cytokines, tumor necrosis factor, transforming growth factor-β1, interferon-γ, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, IL-10, IL-1β, IL-6, lymphotoxin-α, macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and GM-CSF on CRIg expression were examined in human macrophages. We demonstrated that cytokines regulated the CRIg expression on macrophages during their development from monocytes in culture at the transcriptional level using qPCR and protein by Western blotting. Both CRIg spliced forms (Long and Short), were similarly regulated by cytokines. Direct addition of cytokines to matured CRIg+ macrophages also changed CRIg mRNA expression, suggesting that cytokines control macrophage function via CRIg, at two checkpoints. Interestingly the classical complement receptors, CR3 and CR4 were differentially regulated by cytokines. The changes in CRIg but not CR3/CR4 mRNA expression correlated with ability to phagocytose Candida albicans by macrophages. These findings suggest that CRIg is likely to be a control point in infection and immunity through which cytokines can mediate their effects, and is differentially regulated from CR3 and CR4 by cytokines.
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12
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Irvine KM, Banh X, Gadd VL, Wojcik KK, Ariffin JK, Jose S, Lukowski S, Baillie GJ, Sweet MJ, Powell EE. CRIg-expressing peritoneal macrophages are associated with disease severity in patients with cirrhosis and ascites. JCI Insight 2016; 1:e86914. [PMID: 27699269 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.86914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and ascites. Hypothesizing that innate immune dysfunction contributes to susceptibility to infection, we assessed ascitic fluid macrophage phenotype and function. The expression of complement receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily (CRIg) and CCR2 defined two phenotypically and functionally distinct peritoneal macrophage subpopulations. The proportion of CRIghi macrophages differed between patients and in the same patient over time, and a high proportion of CRIghi macrophages was associated with reduced disease severity (model for end-stage liver disease) score. As compared with CRIglo macrophages, CRIghi macrophages were highly phagocytic and displayed enhanced antimicrobial effector activity. Transcriptional profiling by RNA sequencing and comparison with human macrophage and murine peritoneal macrophage expression signatures highlighted similarities among CRIghi cells, human macrophages, and mouse F4/80hi resident peritoneal macrophages and among CRIglo macrophages, human monocytes, and mouse F4/80lo monocyte-derived peritoneal macrophages. These data suggest that CRIghi and CRIglo macrophages may represent a tissue-resident population and a monocyte-derived population, respectively. In conclusion, ascites fluid macrophage subset distribution and phagocytic capacity is highly variable among patients with chronic liver disease. Regulating the numbers and/or functions of these macrophage populations could provide therapeutic opportunities in cirrhotic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Juliana K Ariffin
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), and.,IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Matthew J Sweet
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), and.,IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Elizabeth E Powell
- School of Medicine.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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13
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Eckert C, Klein N, Kornek M, Lukacs-Kornek V. The complex myeloid network of the liver with diverse functional capacity at steady state and in inflammation. Front Immunol 2015; 6:179. [PMID: 25941527 PMCID: PMC4403526 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, it has been an explosion of information regarding the role of various myeloid cells in liver pathology. Macrophages and dendritic cell (DC) play crucial roles in multiple chronic liver diseases such as fibrosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The complexity of myeloid cell populations and the missing exclusive marker combination make the interpretation of the data often extremely difficult. The current review aims to summarize the multiple roles of macrophages and DCs in chronic liver diseases, especially pointing out how these cells influence liver immune and parenchymal cells thereby altering liver function and pathology. Moreover, the review outlines the currently known marker combinations for the identification of these cell populations for the study of their role in liver immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Eckert
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center , Homburg , Germany
| | - Niklas Klein
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center , Homburg , Germany
| | - Miroslaw Kornek
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center , Homburg , Germany
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14
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Strauss O, Dunbar PR, Bartlett A, Phillips A. The immunophenotype of antigen presenting cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system in normal human liver--a systematic review. J Hepatol 2015; 62:458-68. [PMID: 25315649 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS), comprised of monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, is essential in tissue homeostasis and in determining the balance of the immune response through its role in antigen presentation. It has been identified as a therapeutic target in infectious disease, cancer, autoimmune disease and transplant rejection. Here, we review the current understanding of the immunophenotype and function of the MPS in normal human liver. Using well-defined selection criteria, a search of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases identified 76 appropriate studies. The majority (n=67) described Kupffer cells (KCs), although the definition of KC differs between sources, and little data were available regarding their function. Only 10 papers looked at liver dendritic cells (DCs), and largely confirmed the presence of the major dendritic cell subsets identified in human blood. Monocytes were thoroughly characterized in four studies that utilized flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy and highlighted their prominent role in liver homeostasis and displayed subtle differences from circulating monocytes. There was some limited evidence that liver DCs are tolerogenic but neither liver dendritic cell subsets nor macrophages have been thoroughly characterized, using either multi-colour flow cytometry or multi-parameter fluorescence microscopy. The lobular distribution of different subsets of liver MPS cells was also poorly described, and the ability to distinguish between passenger leukocytes and tissue resident cells remains limited. It was apparent that further research, using modern immunological techniques, is now required to accurately characterize the cells of the MPS in human liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otto Strauss
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - P Rod Dunbar
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Adam Bartlett
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Anthony Phillips
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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15
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Balmasova IP, Yushchuk ND, Mynbaev OA, Alla NR, Malova ES, Shi Z, Gao CL. Immunopathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:14156-14171. [PMID: 25339804 PMCID: PMC4202346 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i39.14156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a widespread infectious disease with unfavorable outcomes and life-threatening consequences for patients, in spite of modern vaccination and antiviral treatment modalities. Cutting-edge experimental approaches have demonstrated key pathways that involve cross-talk between viral particles and host immune cells. All events, including penetration of hepatitis B virus (HBV) particles into host cells, establishing persistence, and chronization of CHB infection, and possibility of complete elimination of HBV particles are controlled by the immune system. Researchers have paid special attention to the replication capacity of HBV in host cells, which is associated with cellular changes that reflect presentation of viral antigens and variability of HBV antigen features. In addition, specific HBV proteins have an immune-modulating ability to initiate molecular mechanisms that “avoid” control by the immune system. The relationship between immunological shifts and chronic infection stages has been intensively studied since it was recognized that the immune system is a direct participant in the recurrent (cyclic) nature of CHB. Understanding the wide diversity of molecular pathways and the crosstalk between innate and adaptive immune system components will provide fresh insight into CHB immune pathogenesis and the possibilities of developing new treatment strategies for this disease.
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16
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Zheng F, Devoogdt N, Sparkes A, Morias Y, Abels C, Stijlemans B, Lahoutte T, Muyldermans S, De Baetselier P, Schoonooghe S, Beschin A, Raes G. Monitoring liver macrophages using nanobodies targeting Vsig4: concanavalin A induced acute hepatitis as paradigm. Immunobiology 2014; 220:200-9. [PMID: 25440182 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2014.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Kupffer cells (KCs) are liver resident macrophages which are important for tissue homeostasis and have been implicated in immunogenic, tolerogenic and pathogenic immune reactions depending on the insult. These cells and the biomarkers they express thus represent interesting in vivo sensors for monitoring liver inflammation. In the current study, we explored whether KCs can be monitored non-invasively using single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) with (99m)Tc labeled nanobodies (Nbs) targeting selected biomarkers. Nbs targeting V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing 4 (Vsig4) or macrophage mannose receptor (MMR) accumulated in the liver of untreated mice. The liver targeting of anti-Vsig4 Nbs, but not anti-MMR Nbs, was blunted upon depletion of macrophages, highlighting specificity of anti-Vsig4 Nbs for liver macrophage imaging. Ex vivo flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry analysis confirmed that anti-Vsig4 Nbs specifically targeted KCs but no other cell types in the liver. Upon induction of acute hepatitis using concanavalin A (ConA), down-regulation of the in vivo imaging signal obtained using anti-Vsig4 Nbs reflected reduction in KC numbers and transient modulation of Vsig4 expression on KCs. Overall, these results indicate that Nbs targeting Vsig4 as molecular imaging biomarker enable non-invasive monitoring of KCs during hepatic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zheng
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; VIB Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Immunology, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Nick Devoogdt
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amanda Sparkes
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; VIB Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Immunology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yannick Morias
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; VIB Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Immunology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Chloé Abels
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; VIB Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Immunology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benoit Stijlemans
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; VIB Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Immunology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tony Lahoutte
- In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Nuclear Medicine, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universtiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Serge Muyldermans
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; VIB Structural Biology Research Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrick De Baetselier
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; VIB Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Immunology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Steve Schoonooghe
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; VIB Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Immunology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alain Beschin
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; VIB Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Immunology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Geert Raes
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; VIB Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Immunology, Brussels, Belgium.
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17
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VSIG4 expression on macrophages facilitates lung cancer development. J Transl Med 2014; 94:706-15. [PMID: 24862966 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2014.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages are a prominent component of lung cancer stroma and contribute to tumor progression. The protein V-set and Ig domain-containing 4 (VSIG4), a novel B7 family-related macrophage protein that has the capacity to inhibit T-cell activation, has a potential role in the development of lung cancer. In this study, 10 human non-small-cell lung cancer specimens were collected and immunohistochemically analyzed for VSIG4 expression. Results showed massive VSIG4(+) cell infiltration throughout the samples. Immunofluorescent double staining showed that VSIG4 was present on CD68(+) macrophages, but absent from CD3(+) T cells, CD31(+) endothelial cells, and CK-18(+) epithelial cells. Moreover, VSIG4 was coexpressed on B7-H1(+) and B7-H3(+) cells in these tumor specimens. Transfection of the VSIG4 gene into 293FT cells demonstrated that the VSIG4 signal could inhibit cocultured CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell proliferation and cytokine (IL-2 and IFN-γ) production in vitro. Interestingly, in a murine tumor model induced by Lewis lung carcinoma cell line, we found that tumors grown in VSIG4-deficient (VSIG4(-/-)) mice were significantly smaller than those found in wild-type littermates. All of these results demonstrate that macrophage-associated VSIG4 is an activator that facilitates lung carcinoma development. Specific targeting of VSIG4 may prove to be a novel, efficacious strategy for the treatment of this carcinoma.
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18
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Guo G, Li H, Cao D, Chen Y. The development of endometrial hyperplasia in aged PD-1-deficient female mice. Diagn Pathol 2014; 9:97. [PMID: 24886298 PMCID: PMC4066824 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-9-97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Programmed death-1 (PD-1, Pdcd1)-deficient mice develop different types of autoimmune diseases depending on the mouse strain but its role in uterus development has not been reported. Methods In this study, the expression of PD-1 and its ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, in uterine tissues from aged WT mice in a 129svEv-Brd background was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and the uterine morphology between WT and PD-1-/- mice was compared by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Results The aged PD-1-/- female mice in a 129svEv-Brd rather than Balb/c background develop endometrial hyperplasia. H&E staining showed an increase in the number of glands, neovascularization and an extremely large luminal cavity in aged PD-1-/- uteri. Immunohistochemical assay showed that the expression of PD-1 was observed in glandular/luminal epithelium and cells infiltrating the stroma. Fluorescent double staining demonstrated that PD-1 expresses on CD68+ macrophages, CD3+ T cells, CD16+ monocytes, CD56+ NK cells and CK-18+ epithelial cells, respectively. Additionally, PD-1 co-expresses with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and PD-1 deficiency resulted in an accumulation of glandular/luminal epithelium derived VEGF, which accelerates the expression of the proliferation-associated protein, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and thus potentially lead to epithelial proliferation in aged PD-1-/- uteri. Conclusions These findings showed that PD-1 deficiency augments luminal epithelial cell proliferation probably through induced VEGF secretion, suggesting PD-1 plays an important role in controlling the growth and differentiation of the uterine epithelium. Virtual Slides The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/5809067461223905
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yongwen Chen
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China.
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19
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The characteristic expression of B7-associated proteins in Langerhans cell sarcoma. Acta Histochem 2012; 114:733-43. [PMID: 22305414 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2011.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Revised: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Langerhans cell sarcoma (LCS) is a rare malignancy derived from dendritic cells of the epidermis that is characterized by cytological atypia, frequent mitoses, and aggressive clinical behavior. Cancer-associated B7 molecules including B7-H1, B7-DC, B7-H3 and B7-H4 are thought to be involved in the immunoescape of cancer cells and to function as prognostic markers. However, the expression and distribution of these molecules in LCS have not been described. Here we report that all of these molecules were observed in LCS sample sections by immunohistochemistry analysis. At the cellular level, they were found on the cell membrane and in the cytoplasm. Fluorescence dual staining indicated that B7-H1, B7-H3 and B7-H4 were principally associated with Langerin(+) tumor cells. More interestingly, B7-H1, B7-H3 and B7-H4 were co-expressed on the same tumor cells. Z39Ig, the novel B7-related protein, was also found in the LCS sample sections. Fluorescence dual staining showed that Z39Ig was restricted on CD68(+) macrophages. Our results suggest that B7-H1, B7-H3 and B7-H4 may be potential biomarkers to identify LCS, and a clear understanding of their functional roles may further elucidate the pathogenesis of this carcinoma and potentially contribute to the development of novel immunotherapeutic strategies.
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20
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Jung K, Kang M, Park C, Hyun Choi Y, Jeon Y, Park SH, Seo SK, Jin D, Choi I. Protective role of V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing 4 expressed on kupffer cells during immune-mediated liver injury by inducing tolerance of liver T- and natural killer T-cells. Hepatology 2012; 56:1838-48. [PMID: 22711680 DOI: 10.1002/hep.25906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED V-set and Ig domain-containing 4 (VSIG4, CRIg, or Z39Ig), a newly identified B7-related cosignaling molecule, is a complement receptor and a coinhibitory ligand that negatively regulates T-cell immunity. Despite its exclusive expression on liver Kupffer cells (KCs) that play key roles in liver tolerance, the physiological role of VSIG4 in liver tolerance remains undefined. Mice lacking VSIG4 had poor survival rates and severe liver pathology in a concanavalin A (ConA)-induced hepatitis (CIH) model, which could be prevented by adoptive transfer of VSIG4(+) KCs. The absence of VSIG4 rendered endogenous liver T- and natural killer T (NKT)-cells more responsive to antigen-specific stimulation and impaired tolerance induction in those cells against their cognate antigens. T-cell costimulation with VSIG4.Ig suppressed Th1-, Th2-, and Th17-type cytokine production and arrested the cell cycle at the G(0) /G(1) phase but did not induce apoptosis in vitro. VSIG4-mediated tolerance induction and cell-cycle arrest were further supported by down-regulation of G(1) phase-specific Cdk2, Cdk4, and Cdk6, and up-regulation of tolerance-inducing p27(KIP-1) in VSIG4.Ig-stimulated T-cells. Administration of soluble VSIG4.Ig to wildtype mice prevented CIH development and prolonged the survival of mice with established CIH. CONCLUSION Collectively, our results suggest that VSIG4(+) KCs play a critical role in the induction and maintenance of liver T- and NKT-cell tolerance, and that modulation of the VSIG4 pathway using a VSIG4.Ig fusion protein may provide useful immunological therapies against immune-mediated liver injury including autoimmune hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keunok Jung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
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21
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Early window of diabetes determinism in NOD mice, dependent on the complement receptor CRIg, identified by noninvasive imaging. Nat Immunol 2012; 13:361-8. [PMID: 22366893 PMCID: PMC3309063 DOI: 10.1038/ni.2233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
All juvenile NOD mice exhibit insulitis, but there is substantial variation in their progression to diabetes. We demonstrate that a patient-validated magnetic-resonance-imaging (MRI) strategy to non-invasively visualize local effects of pancreatic-islet inflammation can predict diabetes onset in NOD mice. MRI signals acquired during a narrow early time-window allowed pre-sorting into disease-progressors and -nonprogressors and an estimate of time-to-diabetes. We exploited this capability to identify novel elements correlated with disease protection, including CRIg (complement receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily), which marked a subset of macrophages associated with diabetes resistance. Administration of CRIg-Fc depressed MRI signals and diabetes incidence. In addition to identifying regulators of disease progression, this study shows that diabetes is set at an early age in NOD mice.
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Zhang Z, Zhang JY, Wang LF, Wang FS. Immunopathogenesis and prognostic immune markers of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2012; 27:223-30. [PMID: 22004062 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.06940.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Host immune responses induced by hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection not only substantially drive disease progression, but also significantly influence efficacy of antiviral treatments in HBV-infected individuals. Therefore, it is important to fully understand the course of immune pathogenesis and to find efficient immunological markers that can predict the disease progression of chronic HBV infection. This review introduces the current progress in clinical immunology and analyzes the mechanisms of antiviral effects and liver injury, which are induced by both innate and adaptive immune responses. The recently identified immunological markers indicated to be closely correlated with disease progression and antiviral efficacy during HBV infection are also summarized. Careful monitoring of these immune markers may help physicians to make decisions on when to begin or withdraw antiviral drugs, or to formulate the prognosis of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) patients in the clinic. Finally, this review highlights some novel therapeutic strategies to modulate host immunity that have been proposed to sustain antiviral control of chronic HBV infection, as well as the challenges that we are presently facing in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- The Institute of Translational Hepatology, The Research Center for Biological Therapy, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China
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Gorgani NN, Thathaisong U, Mukaro VRS, Poungpair O, Tirimacco A, Hii CST, Ferrante A. Regulation of CRIg expression and phagocytosis in human macrophages by arachidonate, dexamethasone, and cytokines. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2011; 179:1310-8. [PMID: 21741936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Revised: 04/21/2011] [Accepted: 05/23/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Although the importance of the macrophage complement receptor immunoglobulin (CRIg) in the phagocytosis of complement opsonized bacteria and in inflammation has been established, the regulation of CRIg expression remains undefined. Because cellular activation during inflammation leads to the release of arachidonate, a stimulator of leukocyte function, we sought to determine whether arachidonate regulates CRIg expression. Adding arachidonate to maturing human macrophages and to prematured CRIg(+) macrophages caused a significant decrease in the expression of cell-surface CRIg and CRIg mRNA. This effect was independent of the metabolism of arachidonate via the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways, because it was not inhibited by the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs indomethacin and nordihydroguaiaretic acid. Studies with specific pharmacological inhibitors of arachidonate-mediated signaling pathways showed that protein kinase C was involved. Administration of dexamethasone to macrophages caused an increase in CRIg expression. Studies with proinflammatory and immunosuppressive cytokines showed that IL-10 increased, but interferon-γ, IL-4, and transforming growth factor-β1 decreased CRIg expression on macrophages. This down- and up-regulation of CRIg expression was reflected in a decrease and increase, respectively, in the phagocytosis of complement opsonized Candida albicans. These data suggest that a unique inflammatory mediator network regulates CRIg expression and point to a mechanism by which arachidonate and dexamethasone have reciprocal effects on inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick N Gorgani
- Department of Immunopathology, South Australia Pathology, Women's and Children's Hospital Campus, North Adelaide, Australia.
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