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Rathod P, Desai A, Chandel D. Role of Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage on Preterm Birth Outcome. Biol Res Nurs 2024; 26:410-417. [PMID: 38302162 DOI: 10.1177/10998004241230638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Background: Preterm birth (PTB) poses a significant global health challenge and focused research is vital for improving maternal and neonatal health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of oxidative stress (OS) and DNA damage on PTB. Methods: There were two groups: (a) cases consisting of mothers with PTB (<37 weeks of gestation, n = 100) and (b) controls consisting of mothers with term birth (>37 weeks of gestation, n = 100). Women with vaginal infection, non-cephalic presentation, multiple gestations, fetal anomalies, Cesarean delivery, pregnancy with Mullerian anomalies, or preeclampsia were excluded from the study. OS analysis was conducted by measuring levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and total protein and DNA damage were evaluated by CBMN-Cyt assay. Statistical analysis was performed using students' t-test and one-way ANOVA. Results: Low levels of antioxidants SOD and CAT (p < .0001), and total protein (p < .0001), besides high malondialdehyde (byproduct of LPO) (p < .0001) were observed in the PTB group. Moreover, high frequencies of micronuclei (p < .0001) and nucleoplasmic buds (p < .01) were detected in the PTB mothers compared to term birth mothers, while no significance was observed in the nucleoplasmic bridge frequencies. Conclusion: When the body's immune system and antioxidants fail to cope up with the generated OS, it can lead to PTB. Along with other body tests, OS markers and CBMN-Cyt tests have the potential to be used in diagnostics for early warning as well as monitoring and advising mothers for a better pregnancy outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Rathod
- Department of Zoology, BioMedical Technology and Human Genetics, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Ajesh Desai
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, B J Medical College, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Divya Chandel
- Department of Zoology, BioMedical Technology and Human Genetics, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, India
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2
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Joó JG, Sulyok E, Bódis J, Kornya L. Disrupted Balance of the Oxidant-Antioxidant System in the Pathophysiology of Female Reproduction: Oxidative Stress and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:8091-8111. [PMID: 37886954 PMCID: PMC10605220 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45100511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The significance of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of male reproductive processes has been closely studied in the last two decades. Recently, it has become clear that oxidative stress can lead to numerous pathological conditions during female reproductive processes as well, contributing to the development of endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome and various forms of infertility. During pregnancy, physiological generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) occurs in association with several developmental processes including oocyte maturation and implantation. An overproduction of ROS can lead to disturbances in fetal development and increases the risk for missed abortion, intrauterine growth restriction, pre-eclampsia, premature delivery and gestational diabetes. Our review focuses on the etiological role of the disrupted oxidant-antioxidant system during human gestation as it relates to adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- József Gábor Joó
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Endre Sulyok
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, 7621 Pécs, Hungary
| | - József Bódis
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, 7621 Pécs, Hungary
| | - László Kornya
- Central Hospital of South Pest National Institute of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, 1476 Budapest, Hungary
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Kaltsas A, Zikopoulos A, Moustakli E, Zachariou A, Tsirka G, Tsiampali C, Palapela N, Sofikitis N, Dimitriadis F. The Silent Threat to Women's Fertility: Uncovering the Devastating Effects of Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1490. [PMID: 37627485 PMCID: PMC10451552 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS), which arises through an imbalance between the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defenses, plays a key role in the pathophysiology of female infertility, with the latter constituting just one of a number of diseases linked to OS as a potential cause. The aim of the present article is to review the literature regarding the association between OS and female infertility. Among the reproductive diseases considered are endometriosis and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), while environmental pollutants, lifestyle variables, and underlying medical conditions possibly resulting in OS are additionally examined. Current evidence points to OS likely contributing to the pathophysiology of the above reproductive disorders, with the amount of damage done by OS being influenced by such variables as duration and severity of exposure and the individual's age and genetic predisposition. Also discussed are the processes via which OS may affect female fertility, these including DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. Finally, the last section of the manuscript contains an evaluation of treatment options, including antioxidants and lifestyle modification, capable of minimizing OS in infertile women. The prime message underlined by this review is the importance of considering OS in the diagnosis and treatment of female infertility. Further studies are, nevertheless required to identify the best treatment regimen and its ideal duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aris Kaltsas
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (A.K.); (A.Z.); (A.Z.); (N.S.)
| | - Athanasios Zikopoulos
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (A.K.); (A.Z.); (A.Z.); (N.S.)
| | - Efthalia Moustakli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics in Clinical Practice, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (E.M.); (G.T.)
| | - Athanasios Zachariou
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (A.K.); (A.Z.); (A.Z.); (N.S.)
| | - Georgia Tsirka
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics in Clinical Practice, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (E.M.); (G.T.)
| | | | - Natalia Palapela
- Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Nikolaos Sofikitis
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (A.K.); (A.Z.); (A.Z.); (N.S.)
| | - Fotios Dimitriadis
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Korkmaz L, Alan C, Topal İ, Tayfur M, Bozkurt AS, Gürsul C, Baştuğ O. Can amniotic fluid protect developing fetal lungs against the harmful effects of oxidative stress? Turk J Med Sci 2023; 53:109-120. [PMID: 36945927 PMCID: PMC10387876 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm births cause fetuses to be born without completing the development of their organs. Due to this undesirable situation, it is the pulmonary tissue which has to be most exposed to harmful effects of extrauterine environment. Early disappearance of the prophylactic and constructive effects of amniotic fluid (AF) on developing tissues, such as pulmonary tissue, facilitates the formation of pulmonary morbidities resulting from oxygen. Setting out from this knowledge, we wanted, in addition to assessing the beneficent effects of AF on pulmonary tissue, to study the importance of AF in morbidities of this tissue thought to originate from oxygen. METHODS In this experimental study, while the study group was made up of the fetuses of pregnant rats exposed to hyperbaric oxygen, (hyperoxic pregnant rat fetuses-HPRF), the control group was formed of the fetuses of the rats pregnant in the usual room setting (normoxic pregnant rat fetuses-NPRF). The pulmonary and hepatic tissues taken from the fetuses of these pregnant rats on the 21st day of their pregnancy were compared biochemically and histologically. For biochemical assessment, total glutathione (tGSH), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) values and for histopathological assessment, apoptosis, alveolar wall count (AWC), vena centralis count (VCC) were included. RESULTS Statistical significance was found in the pulmonary tissue values of tGSH on behalf of NPRF, and MDA on behalf of HPRF (p < 0.05). In liver tissue, statistical significance was detected in tGSH and CAT values in favor of NPRF and in MDA, and TNF-α values in favor of HPRF (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION : Our study has demonstrated that AF protects the pulmonary tissue from the harmful effects of oxygen in the intrauterine period. In addition, our data have suggested that the pulmonary tissue's being deprived of the useful effects of AF owing to premature birth may be an important trigger in the occurrence of the pulmonary morbidities thought to result from oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levent Korkmaz
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Cumali Alan
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - İsmail Topal
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Mahir Tayfur
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Ali Seydi Bozkurt
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Cebrail Gürsul
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Osman Baştuğ
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
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Kumar A, Ahmed T, Parvez MK, Banerjee BD, Maqusood M, Jagirdar RM. Glutathione S-transferase gene polymorphism and asthma: a case-control study in a pediatric population. Pharmacogenomics 2022; 23:405-413. [PMID: 35469450 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2022-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To carry out a case-control study of the association of GST gene polymorphisms in pediatric asthma-related oxidative stress. Materials & methods: Asthma patients (n = 250) and age-matched healthy subjects (n = 250) DNA were genotyped for GSTM1/GSTT1 (+/+, +/-, -/+ and -/-) frequencies using multiplex-PCR and plasma oxidative stress markers (examined spectrophotometrically). Results: Asthma patients had significantly more common null-genotype GSTM1-/GSTT1- (10.4%; p = 0.002) and elevated levels of malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine as compared with controls. In addition, the level of plasma glutathione, GST activity and ferric-reducing ability were significantly decreased as compared with controls. Conclusion: Our data revealed significant associations between GSTM1-/GSTT1- genotype and oxidative stress markers in asthmatic children, which may very likely contribute to increased incidence of bronchial asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Kumar
- School of Biotechnology, IFTM University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, 244102, India
| | - Tanzeel Ahmed
- School of Biotechnology, IFTM University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, 244102, India
| | - Mohammad K Parvez
- Deparment of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basu Dev Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, 110095, India
| | - Mazher Maqusood
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College & Research Centre, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, 244001, India
| | - Rajesh M Jagirdar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, 41500, Greece
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Mustafa M, Dar SA, Azmi S, Haque S. The Role of Environmental Toxicant-Induced Oxidative Stress in Male Infertility. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1391:17-32. [PMID: 36472814 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12966-7_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Infertility is a serious public health issue affecting around 15% of couples globally. Of the 60-80 million people of reproductive age affected by infertility, 40-50% are due to male factor while 30-40% of cases are still idiopathic. The recent global deterioration in sperm quality raises apprehensions regarding the toxic effects of environmental pollutants on reproductive health of males. Environmental toxicants have shown strong evidences for inducing oxidative stress affecting spermatogenesis severely, thereby leading to reduced sperm motility, count, and DNA damage. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) influences the spermatozoa development and transit process both internally and externally. Low level of ROS is indispensable for critical physiological sperm processes like sperm capacitation, motility, acrosome reaction, hyper-activation, sperm-oocyte interaction, etc., while excessive ROS disrupt antioxidant molecules which is detrimental to normal functioning of the sperm. Hence, identification of potential environmental toxicant may have clinical relevance for early screening and diagnosis of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mustafa
- Scientific Research Centre, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sajad Ahmad Dar
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarfuddin Azmi
- Scientific Research Centre, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Wadon M, Modi N, Wong HS, Thapar A, O'Donovan MC. Recent advances in the genetics of preterm birth. Ann Hum Genet 2019; 84:205-213. [PMID: 31853956 PMCID: PMC7187167 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Preterm birth is associated with short- and long-term impairments affecting physical, cognitive, and neuropsychiatric health. These sequelae, together with a rising preterm birth rate and increased survival, make prematurity a growing public health issue because of the increased number of individuals with impaired health throughout the life span. Although a major contribution to preterm birth comes from environmental factors, it is also modestly heritable. Little is known about the architecture of this genetic contribution. Studies of common and of rare genetic variation have had limited power, but recent findings implicate variation in both the maternal and fetal genome. There is some evidence risk alleles in mothers may be enriched for processes related to immunity and inflammation, and in the preterm infant, processes related to brain development. Overall genomic discoveries for preterm birth lag behind progress for many other multifactorial diseases and traits. Investigations focusing on gene-environment interactions may also provide insights, but these studies still have a number of limitations. Adequately sized genetic studies of preterm birth are a priority for the future especially given the breadth of its negative health impacts across the life span and the current interest in newborn genome sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Wadon
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales
| | - Neena Modi
- Section of Neonatal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital Campus, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hilary S Wong
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anita Thapar
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales
| | - Michael C O'Donovan
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales
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8
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Jantsch LB, de Lucca L, Dorneles BN, Konopka CK, Gonçalves TDL. Evaluation of oxidative stress and δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase activity in twin pregnancies. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019; 33:3071-3076. [PMID: 30688119 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1568980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: To assess and understand the maternal oxidative stress in twin pregnancies, currently not studied, through ascertain indicators of oxidative damage in maternal blood in response of two fetuses, as well as the relation of placenta with or without the increase of oxidative stress in these gestations.Materials and methods: The activity of delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) was analyzed as an indirect marker of oxidative stress, as well as the quantification of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), protein thiol groups (P-SH) and nonprotein thiol groups (NP-SH), vitamin C (VIT C) and catalase activity (CAT) in maternal blood samples from twin (n = 30) and single (n = 30) pregnancies. This study was approved by the Human Ethics Committee UFSM (register by the number 49823015.4.0000.5346).Results: TBARS was significantly higher in twin pregnancies, while thiol groups, VIT C and CAT were decreased, asides from the reduced activity of δ-ALA-D in comparison to single fetus gestations.Conclusions: The study established an oxidative stress increased and an antioxidant ability decreased in twin pregnancies, suggesting a possible relation between the levels of oxidants and antioxidants with the complications in those gestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Bigolin Jantsch
- Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Leidiane de Lucca
- Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Nicoli Dorneles
- Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Cristine Kolling Konopka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Thissiane de Lima Gonçalves
- Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
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9
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Moore TA, Ahmad IM, Zimmerman MC. Oxidative Stress and Preterm Birth: An Integrative Review. Biol Res Nurs 2018; 20:497-512. [PMID: 30068228 DOI: 10.1177/1099800418791028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A variety of methods and measures have been used to quantify oxidative stress in clinical studies related to preterm birth (PTB), and studies have reported conflicting findings. No integrative reviews have been conducted. OBJECTIVE To describe specific molecules used as markers of oxidative stress and methods to measure these molecules and to review the literature for associations between oxidative stress and PTB specific to these molecules. METHOD Systematic literature searches were conducted in June 2015 and updated in 2017 in databases from the Biomedical Reference Collection: Basic Edition, including MEDLINE and clinicaltrials.gov . Articles were included if they described original research published after 2009 and compared PTB or preterm premature rupture of membranes with term birth (TB). RESULTS Abstracts ( n = 3,107) were reviewed for inclusion/exclusion criteria. Of these, 308 were full-text reviewed, and 30 articles were included in this review. All were identified as nonexperimental. The most common measurements of oxidative stress were quantification of total oxidant or antioxidant status or lipid peroxidation. Studies measuring reactive oxygen species or by-products of oxidative stress reported higher levels of these molecules for preterm specimens compared to TB specimens. Studies measuring antioxidants reported lower levels for these molecules in PTB specimens. Few of the studies had inconclusive findings. DISCUSSION Findings suggest that an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants may be associated with PTB. The measurements and findings to date limit interpretation and understanding. Research using multidimensional methods and multidisciplinary teams are necessary to advance research and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany A Moore
- 1 College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Iman M Ahmad
- 2 College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Matthew C Zimmerman
- 3 College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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10
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Anderson SM, Naidoo RN, Ramkaran P, Phulukdaree A, Muttoo S, Asharam K, Chuturgoon AA. The Effect of Nitric Oxide Pollution on Oxidative Stress in Pregnant Women Living in Durban, South Africa. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2018; 74:228-239. [PMID: 29063946 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-017-0465-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect nitric oxide (NO x ) pollution had on maternal serum 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women living in Durban, South Africa (SA). Women, in their third trimester with singleton pregnancies, were recruited from the heavily industrialised south (n = 225) and less industrialised north (n = 152). Biomarker levels of serum 8-OHdG concentrations were analysed, and the women were genotyped for glutathione-S-transferases pi 1 (GSTP1) and glutathione-S-transferases mu 1 (GSTM1) polymorphisms. The level of NO x pollution in the two regions was determined by using land use regression modelling. The serum 8-OHdG was shown to correlate significantly with NO x levels; this relationship was strengthened in the south (p < 0.05). This relationship was still observed after adjusting for maternal characteristics. GSTP1 was significantly associated with the south region, where the variant (AG+GG) genotype was associated with increased 8-OHdG levels as a result of NO x exposure (p < 0.05). GSTM1 null genotype was associated with a positive correlation between NO x and 8-OHdG levels (p < 0.05). NO x levels were found marginally to reduce gestational age (p < 0.05) with mothers carrying male neonates. Variant GSTP1 and living in the north were factors that contributed to gestational age reduction (p < 0.05). Our study demonstrated that NO x exposure resulted in increased 8-OHdG levels in pregnant women living in Durban, SA, which led to gestational age reduction. The GSTP1 variant increased susceptibility of individuals to harmful effects of NO x .
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Anderson
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Third Floor, George Campbell Building, Howard Campus, King George V Avenue, Durban, 4041, South Africa
| | - Rajen N Naidoo
- Discipline of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa
| | - Prithiksha Ramkaran
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Third Floor, George Campbell Building, Howard Campus, King George V Avenue, Durban, 4041, South Africa
| | - Alisa Phulukdaree
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Third Floor, George Campbell Building, Howard Campus, King George V Avenue, Durban, 4041, South Africa
| | - Sheena Muttoo
- Discipline of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa
| | - Kareshma Asharam
- Discipline of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa
| | - Anil A Chuturgoon
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Third Floor, George Campbell Building, Howard Campus, King George V Avenue, Durban, 4041, South Africa.
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11
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Mohd Mutalip SS, Ab-Rahim S, Rajikin MH. Vitamin E as an Antioxidant in Female Reproductive Health. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:E22. [PMID: 29373543 PMCID: PMC5836012 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin E was first discovered in 1922 as a substance necessary for reproduction. Following this discovery, vitamin E was extensively studied, and it has become widely known as a powerful lipid-soluble antioxidant. There has been increasing interest in the role of vitamin E as an antioxidant, as it has been discovered to lower body cholesterol levels and act as an anticancer agent. Numerous studies have reported that vitamin E exhibits anti-proliferative, anti-survival, pro-apoptotic, and anti-angiogenic effects in cancer, as well as anti-inflammatory activities. There are various reports on the benefits of vitamin E on health in general. However, despite it being initially discovered as a vitamin necessary for reproduction, to date, studies relating to its effects in this area are lacking. Hence, this paper was written with the intention of providing a review of the known roles of vitamin E as an antioxidant in female reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sharaniza Ab-Rahim
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Sg. Buloh Campus, Selangor 42300, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Hamim Rajikin
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Sg. Buloh Campus, Selangor 42300, Malaysia.
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12
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Mǎrginean CO, Mǎrginean C, Meliţ LE. New Insights Regarding Genetic Aspects of Childhood Obesity: A Minireview. Front Pediatr 2018; 6:271. [PMID: 30338250 PMCID: PMC6180186 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2018.00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Childhood obesity is occurring at alarming rates in both developed and developing countries. "Obesogenic" environmental factors must be associated with variants of different risk alleles to determine polygenic or common obesity, and their impact depends on different developmental stages.The interaction between obesogenic environment and genetic susceptibility results in the so-called polygenic forms of obesity. In contrast, monogenic and syndromic obesity are not influenced by environmental events. Therefore, this review aimed to underline the roles of some of the most studied genes in the development of monogenic and polygenic obesity in children. Results: Among the most common obesity related genes, we chose the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene, leptin gene and its receptor, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), the melanocortin 4 receptor gene (MC4R), Ectoenzyme nucleotide pyrophosphate phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1), and others, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) genes. The roles of these genes are complex and interdependent, being linked to different cornerstones in obesity development, such as appetite behavior, control of food intake and energy balance, insulin signaling, lipid and glucose metabolism, metabolic disorders, adipocyte differentiation, and so on. Conclusions: Genetic predisposition is mandatory, but not enough to trigger obesity.Dietary interventions and proper lifestyle changes can prevent obesity development in genetically predisposed children. Further studies are needed to identify the precise role of both genetic and obesogenic factors in the development of childhood obesity in order to design effective preventive methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Oana Mǎrginean
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Târgu Mureş, Târgu Mureş, Romania
| | - Claudiu Mǎrginean
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Târgu Mureş, Târgu Mureş, Romania
| | - Lorena Elena Meliţ
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Târgu Mureş, Târgu Mureş, Romania
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Sultana Z, Maiti K, Aitken J, Morris J, Dedman L, Smith R. Oxidative stress, placental ageing-related pathologies and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Am J Reprod Immunol 2017; 77. [PMID: 28240397 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS), an imbalance between free radical generation and antioxidant defence, is recognized as a key factor in the pathogenesis of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Although OS is a common future of normal pregnancy, persistent, overwhelming OS leads to consumption and decline of antioxidants, affecting placental antioxidant capacity and reducing systems. The accumulation of OS causes damage to lipids, proteins and DNA in the placental tissue that induces a form of accelerated ageing. Premature ageing of the placenta is associated with placental insufficiency that prevents the organ meeting the needs of the foetus, and as a consequence, the viability of the foetus is compromised. This review summarizes the literature regarding the role of OS and premature placental ageing in the pathophysiology of pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakia Sultana
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Kaushik Maiti
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - John Aitken
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Jonathan Morris
- Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lee Dedman
- Faculty of Science and Information Technology, School of Design, Communication and Information Technology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Roger Smith
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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Nrf2 regulates gene-environment interactions in an animal model of intrauterine inflammation: Implications for preterm birth and prematurity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40194. [PMID: 28071748 PMCID: PMC5223218 DOI: 10.1038/srep40194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB) is the leading cause of neonatal mortality, and surviving infants are at increased risk for lifelong disabilities. Intrauterine inflammation is an etiological factor that drives PTB, and oxidative stress is associated with PTB. Nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a redox-sensitive transcription factor that is the key regulator of the response to oxidative and inflammatory stress. Here, we used the established mouse model of intrauterine inflammation-induced PTB to determine whether Nrf2 is a modifier of susceptibility to PTB and prematurity-related morbidity and mortality in the offspring. We determined that Nr2-deficient (Nrf2−/−) mice exhibited a greater sensitivity to intrauterine inflammation, as indicated by decreased time to delivery, reduced birthweight, and 100% mortality. Placentas from preterm Nrf2−/− mice showed elevated levels of markers of inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell death, and transcriptomic analysis identified numerous key signaling pathways that were differentially expressed between wild-type (WT) and Nrf2−/− mice in both preterm and control samples. Thus, Nrf2 could be a critical factor for gene-environment interactions that may determine susceptibility to PTB. Further studies are needed to determine if Nrf2 is a viable therapeutic target in women who are at risk for PTB and associated complications in the affected offspring.
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Almoshabek HA, Mustafa M, Al-Asmari MM, Alajmi TK, Al-Asmari AK. Association of glutathione S-transferase GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletion polymorphisms with obesity and their relationship with body mass index, lipoprotein and hypertension among young age Saudis. JRSM Cardiovasc Dis 2016; 5:2048004016669645. [PMID: 27721975 PMCID: PMC5036254 DOI: 10.1177/2048004016669645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Persistent oxidative stress is one of the several risk factors that may be associated with the etiology of obesity. The present study is aimed to investigate association between GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms with obesity and their relationship with plasma lipoproteins, body mass index (BMI) and hypertension. Design The GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletion polymorphisms were analyzed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. The lipoproteins were measured in plasma using commercially available kit and the weight, height, systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures by standard procedure of measurements. Setting Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh Saudi Arabia. Participants A total of 420 overweight/obese cases and 234 normal weight controls belong to young age Saudis. Main outcomes measures GSTM1/GSTT1 polymorphisms may be associated with obesity. Results Weight, BMI, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and SBP were significantly higher while high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was significantly lower in cases in comparison to controls. Frequency of GSTM1+/GSTT1− (OR = 2.70, 95% CI = 1.52–4.81, p = <0.001) and GSTM1−/GSTT1− (OR = 2.43, 95% CI = 1.15–5.15, p = 0.018) was significantly higher in cases as compared to controls. BMI and weight were significantly higher in GSTM1+/GSTT1− and GSTM1−/GSTT1− genotypes, and LDL, DBP and SBP significantly higher in GSTM1−/GSTT1− null genotype while HDL was significantly lower in GSTM1−/GSTT1+ and GSTM1−/GSTT1− genotypes in comparison to GSTM1+/GSTT1+ genotype. Conclusions The GSTM1+/GSTT1− and GSTM1−/GSTT1− null genotypes were significantly associated with obesity and have shown relationship with obesity risk factors in cases. Hence, these genes may be associative genetic risk factor for obesity among young age Saudis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamoud A Almoshabek
- Deparment of Cardiology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Mustafa
- Research Centre, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Tahani K Alajmi
- Deparment of Cardiology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Yuan L, Ma W, Liu J, Meng L, Liu J, Li S, Han J, Liu Q, Feng L, Wang C, Xiao R. Effects of GSTM1/GSTT1 gene polymorphism and fruit & vegetable consumption on antioxidant biomarkers and cognitive function in the elderly: a community based cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113588. [PMID: 25420021 PMCID: PMC4242636 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It was reported that Glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene polymorphism and fruit and vegetable (FV) intake were associated with body antioxidant capacity. The oxidative/anti-oxidative imbalance played an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. However, the association of GST genotype, dietary FV consumption with body antioxidant biomarkers and cognitive function in the elderly is not clear. Objective The aim of the present study was to determine the association of GST genotype, and dietary FV intake, with antioxidant biomarkers and cognitive function in the elderly. Methods Food frequency questionnaire was used to collect data of dietary FV intakes in 504 community dwelling elderly aged from 55 to 75 years old. GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes were determined by using multiple-PCR method. Plasma and erythrocyte antioxidant biomarkers were measured. Cognitive function was measured by using Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Statistical analysis was applied for exploring the association of GST genotype and FV intake with antioxidant biomarkers level and cognitive function in the elderly. Results Individual GSTM1 or GSTT1 gene deletion affects body antioxidant biomarkers levels, including erythrocyte GST activity, plasma total antioxidant capacity, and glutathione levels. GSTM1and/or GSTT1 gene deletion have no effects on cognitive function in the surveyed participants. The effect of GST genotype on antioxidant biomarkers are FV intake dependent. There is interaction of FV intake and GST genotype on cognitive function in the elderly. Conclusion GST genotype or daily FV consumption impact body antioxidant biomarkers, but not cognitive function in the elderly. There were combined effects of GST genotype and FV consumption on cognitive function in the elderly population. Large scale perspective population study is required to explore the association of GST genetic polymorphism, FV consumption and antioxidant biomarkers and cognitive function in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhong Yuan
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R.China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Ma
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R.China
| | - Jinmeng Liu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R.China
| | - Liping Meng
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jixia Liu
- Nanyuan Community Health Service Center of Fengtai District, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Li
- Nanyuan Community Health Service Center of Fengtai District, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jing Han
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R.China
| | - Quanri Liu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R.China
| | - Lingli Feng
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R.China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R.China
| | - Rong Xiao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R.China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
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Verheyen C, Albrecht A, Herrmann J, Strobl M, Jekle M, Becker T. The contribution of glutathione to the destabilizing effect of yeast on wheat dough. Food Chem 2014; 173:243-9. [PMID: 25466019 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Any factor which impairs the development of the gluten network affects the gas retention capacity and the overall baking performance. This study aimed to examine why rising yeast concentrations (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) decrease the dough elasticity in an asymptotic manner. Since in 27 commercial fresh and dry yeasts up to 81 mg glutathione (GSH) per 1g dry sample were found. Through the addition of reduced GSH in dough without yeast, the extent of dough weakening was analysed. Indeed rheological measurements confirmed that yeast-equivalent levels of GSH had a softening effect and during 3h fermentation the weakening coefficient increased from 0.3% to 20.4% in a Rheofermentometer. The present results indicate that free -SH compounds, as represented by GSH, considerably contribute to the softening of dough through dead yeast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Verheyen
- Technische Universität München, Institute of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Research Group Cereal Process Engineering, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - A Albrecht
- Technische Universität München, Institute of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Research Group Cereal Process Engineering, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - J Herrmann
- Technische Universität München, Institute of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Research Group Cereal Process Engineering, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - M Strobl
- Technische Universität München, Institute of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Research Group Cereal Process Engineering, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - M Jekle
- Technische Universität München, Institute of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Research Group Cereal Process Engineering, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - T Becker
- Technische Universität München, Institute of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Research Group Cereal Process Engineering, 85354 Freising, Germany
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Involvement of miRNAs in placental alterations mediated by oxidative stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:103068. [PMID: 24790700 PMCID: PMC3976947 DOI: 10.1155/2014/103068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is known to be strongly involved in a large number of fetal, neonatal, and adult diseases, including placental disorders, leading to pregnancy loss and stillbirths. A growing body of research links OS to preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, obesity, spontaneous abortion, recurrent pregnancy, preterm labor, and intrauterine growth restriction. While a considerable number of miRNAs have been related to physiological functions and pathological conditions of the placenta, a direct link among these miRNAs, placental functions, and OS is still lacking. This review summarizes data describing the role of miRNAs in placental pathophysiological processes and their possible impact on OS damaging responses. As miRNAs can be found in circulation, improving our understanding on their role in the pathogenesis of pregnancy related disorders could have an important impact on the diagnosis and prognosis of these diseases.
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Mustafa M, Sharma T, Banerjee BD, Phil M, Ahmed RS, Tripathi AK, Guleria K. Genetic polymorphisms in Cytochrome P 4501B1 and susceptibility to idiopathic preterm labor in North Indian population. Clin Biochem 2013; 46:1812-5. [PMID: 23916819 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2013.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The etiology of preterm labor (PTL) is still unknown, but it may be related to a possible genetic predisposition together with involvement of environmental factors. We investigated the relation between PTL and polymorphisms in Cytochrome P4501B1 (CYP1B1) gene, which is involved in the metabolism of a wide range of environmental toxins and hormones. DESIGN AND METHODS Three hundred (n=300) cases of PTL and equal number of subjects of full term labor (FTL), after excluding all the known risk factors for PTL were included in the study. A two step allele specific PCR was performed for polymorphic analysis of CYP1B1 gene. RESULTS The homozygous variant genotype of CYP1B1*2 (OR=2.97, 95%CI=1.08-8.08, p=0.033) and heterozygous variant of CYP1B1*3 (OR=2.57, 95%CI=1.88-3.63, p=0.001), and CYP1B1*7 (OR=2.59, 95%CI=1.85-3.62, p=0.001) were found to be significantly higher in PTL cases as compared to FTL. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrates the possible association of homozygous variant of CYP1B1*2 and heterozygous variant of CYP1B1*3 and CYP1B1*7 genes with the increased risk of PTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mustafa
- Environmental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences & G.T.B. Hospital (University of Delhi), Dilshad Garden, Delhi 110 095, India
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Glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 gene polymorphisms with consumption of high fruit-juice and vegetable diet affect antioxidant capacity in healthy adults. Nutrition 2013; 29:965-71. [PMID: 23422534 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2012.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Revised: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To our knowledge, no data have yet shown the combined effects of GSTM1/GSTT1 gene polymorphisms with high consumption of a fruit and vegetable diet on the body's antioxidant capacity. A 2-wk dietary intervention in healthy participants was conducted to test the hypothesis that the antioxidant biomarkers in individuals with different glutathione-S-transferases (GST) genotypes will be different in response to a high fruit-juice and vegetable diet. METHODS In our study, 24 healthy volunteers with different GST genotypes (12 GSTM1+/GSTT1+ and 12 GSTM1-/GSTT1- participants) consumed a controlled diet high in fruit-juice and vegetables for 2 wk. Blood and first-void urine specimens were obtained at baseline, 1-wk, and 2-wk intervals. The antioxidant capacity-related biomarkers in blood and urine were observed and recorded at the scheduled times. RESULTS Erythrocyte GST and glutathione reductase (GR) activities response to a high fruit-juice and vegetable diet are GST genotype-dependent. Two weeks on the high fruit-juice and vegetable diet increased GST and GR activities in the GSTM1+/GSTT1+ group (P < 0.05 compared with baseline or GSTM1-/GSTT1- group), although no effects were observed on GST and GR activities in GSTM1-/GSTT1- participants. Dietary intervention increased total antioxidant capacity and decreased plasma malondialdehyde content in all participants (P < 0.05 compared with baseline), whereas GSTM1+/GSTT1+ participants respond more quickly to a high fruit-juice and vegetable diet than GSTM1-/GSTT1- participants. The diet intervention was effective in enhancing glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities in all participants (P < 0.05 compared with baseline), although there was no influence on erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The effects of a diet rich in fruit-juice and vegetables on antioxidant capacity were dependent on GSTM1/GSTT1 genotypes.
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Hur J, Kim H, Ha EH, Park H, Ha M, Kim Y, Hong YC, Chang N. Birth weight of Korean infants is affected by the interaction of maternal iron intake and GSTM1 polymorphism. J Nutr 2013; 143:67-73. [PMID: 23173169 DOI: 10.3945/jn.112.161638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive iron consumption during pregnancy can lead to increased oxidative stress in the maternal body, which may result in adverse pregnancy outcomes. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) originate from a superfamily of detoxifying enzymes that play a role in reducing xenobiotic compounds and oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship among GST gene expression, maternal iron intake during pregnancy, and neonatal birth weight. The study participants were 1087 Korean gravidas and their newborns recruited for the Mothers and Children's Environmental Health study between 2006 and 2010. A 24-h dietary recall interview was conducted to estimate iron intake; additional intake through nutritional supplements was thoroughly investigated. Deletion polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GSTT1 were genotyped using PCR. Dietary iron consumption during pregnancy was positively associated with birth weight in pregnant women who were GSTM1-present after adjustment for the following covariates: maternal age, prepregnancy BMI, mother's education level, log-transformed urinary cotinine level, infant gender, gestational age at term, log-transformed energy intake, parity, and the use of folic acid supplements (P < 0.05). There were interactions between the GSTM1 genotype and iron intakes from animal foods (P < 0.05), diet (P < 0.05), and diet with supplements (P < 0.05). No relationship was found between maternal iron intake and birth weight for the GSTT1 polymorphism. This study demonstrates that increased iron consumption during pregnancy may improve infant birth weight for mothers who are GSTM1-present, but it might not be beneficial for mothers with the GSTM1-null genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhee Hur
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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Dhameja K, Singh S, Mustafa MD, Singh KP, Banerjee BD, Agarwal M, Ahmed RS. Therapeutic effect of yoga in patients with hypertension with reference to GST gene polymorphism. J Altern Complement Med 2012; 19:243-9. [PMID: 23062021 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2011.0908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension, a chronic medical condition of increased blood pressure, is a serious public health problem. Environmental and genetic risk factors are known to predispose to hypertension. The present study was designed to investigate the association of glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene polymorphism with oxidative stress in hypertensive patients and the possible beneficial effect of yoga on them. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty (60) hypertensive individuals, between 30 and 60 years of age, were divided into two groups of 30 each. The yoga group was subjected to 50-60 minutes of yogic practices daily for 42 days, while the control group included the remaining 30 age- and sex-matched hypertensive individuals. GST gene polymorphism was analyzed using multiple allele specific polymerase chain reaction, and oxidative stress parameters were assessed biochemically. RESULTS Assessment of blood pressure showed a statistically significant though modest reduction (p<0.05) in the yoga group as compared to the control group. Malondialdehyde was observed to be significantly low (p<0.05), while antioxidant capacity in the form of GST showed an increasing trend and ferric-reducing ability of plasma was significantly increased (p<0.05) in the subjects who practiced yoga. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, yoga has been found to decrease blood pressure as well as the levels of oxidative stress in patients with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanupriya Dhameja
- Department of Physiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and GTB, Delhi, India.
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Mustafa MD, Banerjee BD, Ahmed RS, Tripathi AK, Guleria K. Gene-environment interaction in preterm delivery with special reference to organochlorine pesticides. Mol Hum Reprod 2012; 19:35-42. [DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gas039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Agarwal A, Aponte-Mellado A, Premkumar BJ, Shaman A, Gupta S. The effects of oxidative stress on female reproduction: a review. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2012; 10:49. [PMID: 22748101 PMCID: PMC3527168 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-10-49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 878] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS), a state characterized by an imbalance between pro-oxidant molecules including reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and antioxidant defenses, has been identified to play a key role in the pathogenesis of subfertility in both males and females. The adverse effects of OS on sperm quality and functions have been well documented. In females, on the other hand, the impact of OS on oocytes and reproductive functions remains unclear. This imbalance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants can lead to a number of reproductive diseases such as endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and unexplained infertility. Pregnancy complications such as spontaneous abortion, recurrent pregnancy loss, and preeclampsia, can also develop in response to OS. Studies have shown that extremes of body weight and lifestyle factors such as cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and recreational drug use can promote excess free radical production, which could affect fertility. Exposures to environmental pollutants are of increasing concern, as they too have been found to trigger oxidative states, possibly contributing to female infertility. This article will review the currently available literature on the roles of reactive species and OS in both normal and abnormal reproductive physiological processes. Antioxidant supplementation may be effective in controlling the production of ROS and continues to be explored as a potential strategy to overcome reproductive disorders associated with infertility. However, investigations conducted to date have been through animal or in vitro studies, which have produced largely conflicting results. The impact of OS on assisted reproductive techniques (ART) will be addressed, in addition to the possible benefits of antioxidant supplementation of ART culture media to increase the likelihood for ART success. Future randomized controlled clinical trials on humans are necessary to elucidate the precise mechanisms through which OS affects female reproductive abilities, and will facilitate further explorations of the possible benefits of antioxidants to treat infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Agarwal
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Beena J Premkumar
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Amani Shaman
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sajal Gupta
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Ghosh T, Mustafa M, Kumar V, Datta SK, Bhatia MS, Sircar S, Banerjee BD. A preliminary study on the influence of glutathione S transferase T1 (GSTT1) as a risk factor for late onset Alzheimer's disease in North Indian population. Asian J Psychiatr 2012; 5:160-3. [PMID: 22813660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2012.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxidative stress plays key role in pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), a family of phase-II isoenzymes, play a critical role in providing protection against electrophiles and products of oxidative stress. Among different classes of GSTs, GSTM1 (Mu) and GSTT1 (theta) are found to be genetically deleted which results in decreased expression of the concerned enzyme. This study aims at preliminary analysis of the frequency of deletion of GSTM1 and GSTT1 and their association with late-onset Alzheimer's disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, association of the deletion type polymorphism of GST M1 and T1 as possible risk factors for dementia of Alzheimer's type was studied in 50 patients and 100 controls. Dementia was diagnosed by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) criteria, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale. Genotyping was done by multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Associations between null genotype of either GSTM1 and GSTT1 or both with Alzheimer's disease were analyzed by Chi-Square test. RESULTS Deletion of GSTT1 was found significantly associated with Alzheimer's disease (χ(2)=5.08, p=0.02*). CONCLUSIONS The odds of Alzheimer's disease in null GSTT1 is found to be increased by 2.47 times in comparison to positive GSTT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tandra Ghosh
- Department of Physiology, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and GTB Hospital, Delhi 110095, India
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Sharma E, Mustafa M, Pathak R, Guleria K, Ahmed RS, Vaid NB, Banerjee BD. A case control study of gene environmental interaction in fetal growth restriction with special reference to organochlorine pesticides. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2012; 161:163-9. [PMID: 22310945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2012.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Revised: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and oxidative stress are reported to be associated with adverse reproductive outcomes. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) is a polymorphic supergene family involved in the detoxification of numerous toxins including OCPs. OCPs are endocrine disrupter and prenatal exposure to them may be associated with fetal growth restriction (FGR). The objectives of the present study were (i) to determine the frequencies of polymorphic alleles of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes in women with idiopathic FGR, (ii) to analyze the maternal and cord blood levels of the OCPs, and (iii) to identify the gene environment interaction that increases the risk of FGR. STUDY DESIGN Maternal and cord blood samples of 50 FGR cases (birth weight <10 percentile for gestational age as per Lubchenco's growth chart) and equal number of normal pregnancies who were occupationally non exposed to OCPs and excluding all the known high risk factors such as anemia, hypertension, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, medical disease, dietary habit, living style, parity, and BMI. The collected samples at the time of delivery/after delivery were analyzed for OCPs levels by gas chromatography and polymorphic analysis for GSTM1/GSTT1 gene using multiplex PCR. RESULTS Significantly higher levels of α,β,γ-HCH and p,p'-DDT were found in maternal blood and significantly higher levels of β and γ-HCH and p,p'-DDT were found in cord blood of FGR cases as compared to controls. The genotypic distribution of GSTM1/GSTT1 was almost similar in both the groups, but the frequency of GSTM1-/GSTT1- (null) genotype was significantly higher in FGR cases as compared to controls (p<0.05, OR=6.42). When interaction between GSTM1/GSTT1 genes polymorphism-OCPs levels and birth weight (gene-environment interaction) was ascertained, a significant association was seen between β-HCH and GSTM1- genotype with reduction in birth weight of 213g. CONCLUSION Higher levels of OCPs in pregnant women may be considered as an important aetiological factor in 'idiopathic' FGR. GST polymorphism can influence the relationship between prenatal exposure to pesticides and FGR. The present study provides evidence that polymorphism in xenobiotic metabolising genes may modify the effect of environmental health hazards and increase the risk of FGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esha Sharma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College of Medical Sciences & G.T.B. Hospital, University of Delhi, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
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The role of glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 gene polymorphisms and fruit and vegetable consumption in antioxidant parameters in healthy subjects. Br J Nutr 2011; 107:928-33. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114511003746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The correlation of glutathione S-transferase (GST) M1/T1 genetic polymorphisms with oxidative stress-related chronic diseases was proved recently. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of GSTM1/T1 genetic polymorphisms with antioxidant biomarkers and consumption of fruits and vegetables (F&V) in healthy subjects. In this study, for conducting a 3 d dietary survey, 190 healthy adults were recruited. After DNA extraction, a multiple PCR method was used for GSTM1/T1 genotyping. A spectrophotometer method was applied for the determination of plasma total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), vitamin C level and erythrocyte GST enzyme activity. A general linear model was used to compare the mean values of antioxidant parameters for different GSTM1/T1 genotypes and consumption of F&V. Polymorphisms of GSTM1/T1 had no effects on plasma T-AOC and vitamin C levels. Deletion of the GSTM1 gene decreased the erythrocyte GST activity. There was correlation between plasma T-AOC and consumption of F&V in the GSTM1− or GSTT1+ subjects. A similar pattern was evident for erythrocyte GST activity in the GSTM1− subjects. No association was found among consumption of F&V and GSTM1/T1 genotypes and plasma vitamin C level. Different consumption of F&V had no impact on plasma T-AOC and vitamin C levels in the GSTM1−/GSTT1+ or GSTM1−/GSTT1− subjects. The erythrocyte GST activity was more sensitive to consumption of F&V in the individuals with the GSTM1−/GSTT1+ genotype. Association was found among GSTM1/T1 genotypes, antioxidant parameters and consumption of F&V. Large-scale and multiple ethnic studies are needed to further evaluate the relationship.
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Block G, Shaikh N, Jensen CD, Volberg V, Holland N. Serum vitamin C and other biomarkers differ by genotype of phase 2 enzyme genes GSTM1 and GSTT1. Am J Clin Nutr 2011; 94:929-37. [PMID: 21813807 PMCID: PMC3155929 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.111.011460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) detoxify environmental chemicals and are involved in oxidative stress pathways. Deletion polymorphisms affect enzyme activities and have been associated with risk of disease. OBJECTIVE The objective was to clarify whether biomarkers of oxidation, antioxidation, inflammation, and nutritional factors differ by GST genotype in healthy adults. DESIGN Subjects (n = 383) consisted of nonsmokers and nonusers of antiinflammatory drugs and antioxidant vitamin supplements. Deletion polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GSTT1 were genotyped. F(2)-isoprostanes, malondialdehyde, C-reactive protein, serum vitamin C, carotenoids, tocopherols, and other nutritional factors were assessed. RESULTS The concentration of serum vitamin C was higher in persons with the inactive GSTM1-0 genotype (P = 0.006). This relation was unchanged after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, or dietary vitamin C. F(2)-isoprostanes and malondialdehyde were lower in the GSTM1-0 and GSTT1-0 groups, respectively, but significance was lost after control for serum vitamin C. The dual deletion, GSTM1-0/GSTT1-0 (n = 37), was associated with higher serum iron and total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations (all P < 0.01) and lower malondialdehyde concentrations, which persisted after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, and serum vitamin C. Carotenoids and α- and γ-tocopherols were not associated with either genotype. CONCLUSIONS Oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers differ by GST genotype, but serum vitamin C appears to be the most consistent factor. Examination of other relevant genes may be needed to understand the concentration and function of ascorbic acid in the GST enzyme system. This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00079963.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gladys Block
- School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, 94720-7360, USA.
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Datta SK, Kumar V, Pathak R, Tripathi AK, Ahmed RS, Kalra OP, Banerjee BD. Association of glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 gene polymorphism with oxidative stress in diabetic and nondiabetic chronic kidney disease. Ren Fail 2011; 32:1189-95. [PMID: 20954980 DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2010.517348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) belong to a family of ubiquitous and multifunctional enzymes that work as one of the endogenous antioxidants in our body. This study was designed to look into the association of GST polymorphism with oxidative stress in both diabetic and nondiabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD). DESIGN AND METHODS Three groups of patients (50 in each): diabetics without CKD (DM), diabetic CKD (DM-CKD), and nondiabetic CKD (NDM-CKD) and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited. Genotyping was done for GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Serum GST and malondialdehyde (MDA) as a marker of oxidative stress were measured spectrophotometrically. RESULTS Based on genotyping, subjects were categorized as GSTM1+/GSTT1+, GSTM1-/GSTT1+, GSTM1+/GSTT1-, and GSTM1-/GSTT1-. Serum GST levels were lower among subjects with deletion in one/both GST genes, whereas MDA levels were found to be correspondingly raised. A negative correlation for MDA versus GST levels was observed among genotypes with one/both gene deletions. Presence of GSTM1+/GSTT1- and GSTM1-/GSTT1- was significantly higher among patients with CKD in both diabetics and nondiabetics. INTERPRETATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletions singly or together were associated with lower GST levels and higher oxidative stress in both diabetic and nondiabetic CKD. Interestingly, GSTT1 deletion appears to be associated with both diabetic and nondiabetic CKD irrespective of the GSTM1 status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudip K Datta
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, (University of Delhi), Delhi, India
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