1
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Singh S, Narang T, Dogra S. Reverse Koebner phenomenon in erythema nodosum leprosum. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2024; 118:77-79. [PMID: 37632458 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trad066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is an immunologically mediated phenomenon complicating the course of leprosy. Reverse Koebner phenomenon is the term used to describe the sparing of previously injured or diseased skin by new skin lesions of the disease. METHODS A middle-aged woman with a known case of lepromatous leprosy for the past year presented with an eruption of reddish painful nodules over her body. The lesions were found to characteristically spare the sites of previous scars. RESULTS This sparing phenomenon of previous scar sites has been termed reverse Koebner phenomenon, a site of the body that offers greater resistance than the rest of the body to the onset of the disease, seen in various diseases, but it has never been described in ENL. CONCLUSION This sparing of scar sites in ENL can be attributed to reverse Koebner phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhdeep Singh
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India160012
| | - Tarun Narang
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India160012
| | - Sunil Dogra
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India160012
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2
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Mehta N, Patel V, Agarwal S, Khandpur S. Lichen planus colocalising with vitiligo at photo-exposed sites: An example of locus minoris resistentiae. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2023; 0:1-4. [PMID: 37317747 DOI: 10.25259/ijdvl_1168_2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Mehta
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, Delhi, India
| | - Varniraj Patel
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, Delhi, India
| | - Shipra Agarwal
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, Delhi, India
| | - Sujay Khandpur
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, Delhi, India
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3
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Bertolín-Colilla M, Olmos-Alpiste F, de Dios NR, Pujol RM. Post-irradiation Renbok phenomenon in erythema multiforme: Report of a case sparing previously irradiated areas. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023; 37:e85-e86. [PMID: 35974679 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ferran Olmos-Alpiste
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ramon Maria Pujol
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
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4
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a well established respiratory tract illness. Recent studies in adults and children have shown an increasing number of patients reporting polymorphic cutaneous manifestations during COVID-19, including different types of rashes, from maculopapular, vascular, vesicular to atypical forms. RECENT FINDINGS Although pathogenesis of skin manifestations is still not fully understood, it has been proposed that cutaneous involvement during COVID-19 may be the results of the activation of the immune response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, the reactivation or co-infection of herpesviruses or drug hypersensitivity. SUMMARY According to available literature, skin manifestations in patients with COVID-19 may be categorized on the basis of their clinical presentations as follows: erythematous rashes, lesions of vascular origin, vesicular rash, urticarial rash and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), erythema multiforme and other polymorphic erythema/atypical reactions. Prompt recognition of these cutaneous manifestations represents a crucial point to facilitate diagnosis and management of COVID-19 patients.
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5
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Litaiem N, Mrad M, Gara S, Chabchoub I, Bacha T, Jones M, Rammeh S, Kallel Sellami M, Zeglaoui F. Repeated bullae formation at fungal infected skin sites in a patient with epidermolysis bullosa acquisita: an unusual expression of koebnerization. Int J Dermatol 2021; 61:e136-e139. [PMID: 34590722 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noureddine Litaiem
- Department of Dermatology, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Malek Mrad
- Department of Dermatology, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya Gara
- Department of Dermatology, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ines Chabchoub
- Department of Dermatology, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Takwa Bacha
- Department of Dermatology, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Meriem Jones
- Department of Dermatology, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya Rammeh
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Department of Pathology, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Maryam Kallel Sellami
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Department of Immunology, La Rabta Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Faten Zeglaoui
- Department of Dermatology, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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6
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Farinazzo E, Dianzani C, Zalaudek I, Conforti C, Grabbe S, Goldust M. Synthesis of the Data on COVID-19 Skin Manifestations: Underlying Mechanisms and Potential Outcomes. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2021; 14:991-997. [PMID: 34385830 PMCID: PMC8354337 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s325552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related skin manifestations has progressively grown, in parallel with the global severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spreading. The available evidence indicates that cutaneous signs are heterogeneous and can be divided as follows: a) erythematous rashes, b) lesions of vascular origin, c) vesicular rashes, d) urticarial rashes, and e) acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), erythema multiforme (EM) and other polymorphic/atypical reactions. Most cutaneous manifestations appear simultaneously or after respiratory and/or systemic symptoms such as fever, even if rarely urticaria has been reported as the first sign of the disease. It has been proposed that erythematous and vesicular rashes, as well as urticaria, are the result of immunological activation against Sars-CoV-2, similarly to other viral exanthems; alternatively, reactivation or co-infection of herpesviruses and drug hypersensitivity represent possible etiologic diagnosis that has to be considered. Regarding lesions of vascular origin, ischemic ones are the result of systemic hypercoagulability established in severe infections, whereas chilblains seem to be linked to the type I-interferon massively produced to halt virus replication. AGEP is triggered by drugs, whereas EM could represent a delayed immune response to the virus or a hypersensitivity reaction to drugs elicited by the inflammatory process built to fight the infection. A further pathogenic hypothesis is that the virus, or its particles detected in the skin (particularly in endothelium and eccrine glands), could be responsible for certain skin reactions, including chilblains and EM. From the available data, it appears that chilblains are correlated with younger age and less severe disease, while ischemic manifestations occur in the elderly with severe infection. In conclusion, larger studies are needed to confirm the suggested pathogenetic mechanisms of COVID-19-related skin reactions and to determine the potential prognostic significance of each one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Farinazzo
- Dermatology Clinic, Maggiore Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Caterina Dianzani
- Dermatology Section, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, Campus Biomedico University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Iris Zalaudek
- Dermatology Clinic, Maggiore Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudio Conforti
- Dermatology Clinic, Maggiore Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stephan Grabbe
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mohamad Goldust
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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7
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Fukuda M, Nobeyama Y, Sekiyama H, Asahina A. A case of bullous pemphigoid showing antigenic competition-like phenomenon. Clin Case Rep 2020; 8:1754-1756. [PMID: 32983490 PMCID: PMC7495762 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.2981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antigenic competition in the skin is a phenomenon in which the current dermatitis is distributed away from the area of previously existing dermatitis. Bullous pemphigoid may present such phenomenon, even if the responsible antigen was the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Fukuda
- Department of DermatologyThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Yoshimasa Nobeyama
- Department of DermatologyThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroko Sekiyama
- Department of DermatologyThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Akihiko Asahina
- Department of DermatologyThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
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8
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Tabosa GVBS, Stelini RF, Souza EM, Velho PENF, Cintra ML, Florence MEB. Immunocompromised cutaneous district, isotopic, and isopathic phenomena-Systematic review. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 20:410-416. [PMID: 32629542 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the development of lesions in skin areas that have undergone injury has long been known, understanding of its pathogenesis is limited. Depending on their peculiarities, those events have been described as isomorphic, reverse isomorphic, pseudoisomorphic, isotopic, and isopathic phenomena. Ruocco's immunocompromised cutaneous district (ICD) concept was proposed to include all those phenomena. AIMS We performed a systematic review and critically evaluated the current understanding about ICD and its relationship with the isotopic and isopathic phenomena. METHODS To illustrate the complexity of the theme, we present a case of subclinical leprosy, whose manifestation was brisk in an old tattoo. The possible interaction between the approached phenomena, acting in the genesis of the disease, made this a pertinent study. The research was conducted under the PRISMA-P guidelines, in seven biomedical databases between 1996 and 2018. The eligibility criteria were systematic reviews, meta-analyses, clinical studies, and case series, written in English, French, Italian, Portuguese, or Spanish. RESULTS Using standardized keywords, 1220 articles were identified. After applying the eligibility criteria, 53 studies were selected. CONCLUSION This review ratifies that all these phenomena are aspects of one single condition. They can be integrated into the ICD concept with the pathogenesis including: (a) neural damage (peripheral or central) and (b) chronic lymphedema. Both may change the local neuroimmune interaction. The identification of these phenomena and the understanding of their pathogenesis are of paramount importance, to define the diagnosis and choose the therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafael F Stelini
- Department of Pathology, Medical Sciences School, Unicamp, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Elemir M Souza
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Sciences School, Unicamp, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Paulo E N F Velho
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Sciences School, Unicamp, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Maria L Cintra
- Department of Pathology, Medical Sciences School, Unicamp, Campinas, Brazil
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9
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Ozbagcivan O, Akarsu S, Canturk Nazli E, Lebe B, Fetil E. Isolated annular atrophic lichen planus of the mammary areola. Int J Dermatol 2019; 58:e167-e168. [PMID: 31198992 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Ozbagcivan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Akarsu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ecem Canturk Nazli
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Banu Lebe
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Emel Fetil
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
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10
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Leavitt E, Holland V. A case of atezolizumab‐induced photodistributed bullous pemphigoid. Dermatol Ther 2019; 32:e12924. [DOI: 10.1111/dth.12924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erica Leavitt
- Division of DermatologyUniversity of California Los Angeles California
| | - Vanessa Holland
- Division of DermatologyUniversity of California Los Angeles California
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11
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De Vita V, Ruocco E. Isomorphic and isotopic responses after radiation therapy. Cancer Radiother 2019; 23:73-74. [PMID: 30639378 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V De Vita
- Dermatology Unit, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
| | - E Ruocco
- Dermatology Unit, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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12
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De Vita V, Ruocco E. Mucinous adenocarcinoma in association with hidradenitis suppurativa: a new example of isoscartopic response. Clin Exp Dermatol 2017; 43:472-473. [DOI: 10.1111/ced.13338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. De Vita
- Dermatology Unit; University of Campania L. Vanvitelli; Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples Italy
| | - E. Ruocco
- Dermatology Unit; University of Campania L. Vanvitelli; Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples Italy
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13
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Happle R, Kluger N. Koebner's sheep in Wolf's clothing: does the isotopic response exist as a distinct phenomenon? J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017; 32:542-543. [PMID: 29080318 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Until 1995, a case of psoriasis developing within the dermatome of a healed herpes zoster was taken as a Koebner phenomenon. In this year, however, the term 'isotopic response' was introduced by Wolf et al. to describe 'the occurrence of a new skin disorder at the site of another, unrelated and already healed skin disease', thus appearing 'on apparently unaffected and healthy skin'. Initially, the term was mainly related to herpes zoster, but today the name 'Wolf's isotopic response' is used to include a plethora of other triggering factors such as healed cutaneous leishmaniasis, tinea or varicella. For obvious reasons, such triggering factors cannot be taken as examples of 'unaffected and healthy skin'. Notably, the authors themselves have categorized the dermatome of a healed herpes zoster as a 'vulnerable area'. In a recent commentary, Wolf et al. have expanded the definition of healed skin diseases triggering an 'isotopic response'. They now included 'scars, pigment changes, color changes or various other minimal changes by the first disease'. Hence, there is no clear-cut criterion to distinguish the isotopic response from a Koebner reaction. Wolf et al. even argue that, if the triggered disorder precedes the appearance of generalized skin lesions, then it is not a Koebner reaction but 'Wolf's isotopic response'. In our view, such definition is unacceptable. All reactions of this kind represent examples of a Koebner phenomenon. Accordingly, the 'isotopic response' should today be taken as a historical error.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Happle
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - N Kluger
- Departments of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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14
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De Vita V, Ruocco E. Hidradenitis suppurativa after radiotherapy for uterine adenocarcinoma: A typical example of an isoradiotopic response. JAAD Case Rep 2017; 3:570-571. [PMID: 29159253 PMCID: PMC5684502 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Valerio De Vita
- Dermatology Unit, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Eleonora Ruocco
- Dermatology Unit, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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15
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Caccavale S, Caccavale T, La Montagna M. Hidradenitis suppurativa complicated by squamous cell carcinoma: isoscartopic response. Int Wound J 2017; 14:1397-1398. [PMID: 28544759 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Caccavale
- Dermatology Unit, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Tobia Caccavale
- Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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16
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Xu H, Li YM, Ma H, Gu WT, Chen ZQ. Mycobacterium tuberculosis found at both skin lesions and Mantoux testing site in a patient with erythema induratum of Bazin. J Dermatol 2017; 44:1145-1147. [PMID: 28470727 PMCID: PMC5655927 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.13882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is very rarely found in erythema induratum of Bazin; recently, we found an unusual case with positive acid‐fast bacilli and polymerase chain reaction for detecting M. tuberculosis in both skin lesions of the extremities and the site of Mantoux test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yu-Mei Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hong Ma
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wen-Tao Gu
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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17
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Caccavale S, La Montagna M. Bullous pemphigoid induced by photodynamic therapy: when light is guilty. Int J Dermatol 2017; 56:e187. [PMID: 28369769 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Caccavale
- Department of Dermatology, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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18
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Caccavale S, Caccavale T, La Montagna M. Herpes compuctorum: a cutaneous infection related to permanent tattoo. Int J Dermatol 2017; 56:e148-e149. [PMID: 28239839 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Caccavale
- Department of Dermatology, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Tobia Caccavale
- Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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19
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Balegar S, Mishra DK, Chatterjee S, Kumari S, Tiwary AK. Author's Reply. Indian J Dermatol 2017; 62:93-94. [PMID: 28216733 PMCID: PMC5286762 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.198045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shrenik Balegar
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. E-mail:
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Mishra
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. E-mail:
| | - Sagarika Chatterjee
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. E-mail:
| | - Shweta Kumari
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. E-mail:
| | - Anup Kumar Tiwary
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. E-mail:
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20
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Caccavale S, Caccavale T, La Montagna M. A Case of Morphea Following Radiotherapy for an Intracranial Tumor: An Example of Isoradiotopic Response. Indian J Dermatol 2017; 62:92-93. [PMID: 28216732 PMCID: PMC5286761 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.198043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Caccavale
- Department of Dermatology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy. E-mail:
| | - Tobia Caccavale
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplant, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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21
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Caccavale S, Caccavale T, La Montagna M. Pustular Psoriasis Occurring on the Striae Distensae: An Umpteenth Example of Immunocompromised Cutaneous District. Indian J Dermatol 2016; 61:565-6. [PMID: 27688451 PMCID: PMC5029247 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.190106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Caccavale
- Department of Dermatology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy. E-mail:
| | - Tobia Caccavale
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplant, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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22
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Caccavale S, Caccavale T, La Montagna M. Lichen planus after rabies vaccination: an example of isovaccinetopic response. Int J Dermatol 2016; 56:e40-e41. [PMID: 27653743 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tobia Caccavale
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplant, Second University of Naples, Italy
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23
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Caccavale S, Di Mattia D, Ruocco E. Loco-regional immune default: The immunocompromised district in human and comparative dermatology. Clin Dermatol 2016; 34:654-7. [PMID: 27638447 DOI: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Lately, the innovative concept of an immunocompromised cutaneous district (ICD) has been introduced to explain why a previously injured cutaneous site may become in time a privileged location for the onset of opportunistic infections, tumors, and immune reactions. The injuring events capable of rendering a skin region a potential ICD are various, numerous, and most of the time identifiable by means of a careful clinical history. The reason that only a small minority of injured skin areas actually becomes ICDs, with subsequent opportunistic localization of a second and unrelated skin disorder, is presently unknown. The ICD is a conceptual entity that is not limited to human dermatology. It can also apply to veterinary medicine. Development of sarcomas at the injection site in cats after routine vaccination and, occasionally, administration of pharmaceutical products, as well as insertion of any foreign body, is a repeatedly documented event. Antigen load, persistent inflammation, and fibroblastic proliferation are thought to be important factors predisposing to the onset of fibrosarcoma in cats. Recently, it has been hypothesized that a local immunosuppression caused by inhalant glucocorticoids may have favored the development of regional demodicosis in cats. In our opinion, injection-site sarcomas and feline localized demodicosis can be considered examples of veterinary ICDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Caccavale
- Department of Dermatology, Second University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | | | - Eleonora Ruocco
- Department of Dermatology, Second University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Caccavale S, Caccavale T, La Montagna M. Hidradenitis suppurativa associated with squamous cell carcinoma: an example of an isoscartopic response. Int J Dermatol 2016; 55:e629-e631. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Caccavale
- Department of Dermatology; Second University of Naples; Naples Italy
| | - Tobia Caccavale
- Department of Dermatology; Second University of Naples; Naples Italy
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Caccavale S, Caccavale T, La Montagna M. Facial flat warts in a young patient with a previous trauma: an example of isotraumatopic response. Int J Dermatol 2016; 55:e568-9. [PMID: 27260535 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Caccavale S, La Montagna M, Caccavale T. Isoscartopic Response: Another Facet of the Immunocompromised Cutaneous District. Indian J Dermatol 2016; 61:219-20. [PMID: 27057029 PMCID: PMC4817454 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.177770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Caccavale
- Department of Dermatology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy. E-mail:
| | | | - Tobia Caccavale
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplant, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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