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Zou Y, Zhu S, Kong Y, Feng C, Wang R, Lei L, Zhao Y, Chang L, Chen L. Precision matters: the value of PET/CT and PET/MRI in the clinical management of cervical cancer. Strahlenther Onkol 2024:10.1007/s00066-024-02294-8. [PMID: 39331065 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-024-02294-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
The incidence of cervical cancer has been increasing recently, becoming an essential factor threatening patients' health. Positron emission computed tomography (PET/CT) and positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) are multimodal molecular imaging methods that combine functional imaging (PET) and anatomical imaging (CT) with MRI fusion technology. They play an important role in the clinical management of patients with cervical cancer. Precision radiotherapy refers to the use of advanced intensive modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) to give different doses of radiation to different treatment areas to achieve the purpose of killing tumors and protecting normal tissues to the greatest extent. At present, pelvic target delineation is mostly based on CT and MRI, but these mostly provide anatomical morphological information, which is difficult to show the internal metabolism of tumors. PET/CT and PET/MRI combine information on biological function, metabolism and anatomical structure, thereby more accurately distinguishing the boundaries between tumor and non-tumor tissues and playing a positive guiding role in improving radiotherapy planning (RTP) for cervical cancer and evaluating treatment effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Zou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Tumor Hospital, 650118, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Sijin Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Tumor Hospital, 650118, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yinwu Kong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Tumor Hospital, 650118, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chengtao Feng
- Department of PET/CT Center, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Cancer Center of Yunnan Province, No. 519 Kunzhou Road, Xishan District, 650118, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ru Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Tumor Hospital, 650118, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Linping Lei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Tumor Hospital, 650118, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yaomin Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Tumor Hospital, 650118, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Li Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Tumor Hospital, 650118, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
| | - Long Chen
- Department of PET/CT Center, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Cancer Center of Yunnan Province, No. 519 Kunzhou Road, Xishan District, 650118, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
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Ebrahimi S, Lundström E, Batasin SJ, Hedlund E, Stålberg K, Ehman EC, Sheth VR, Iranpour N, Loubrie S, Schlein A, Rakow-Penner R. Application of PET/MRI in Gynecologic Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1478. [PMID: 38672560 PMCID: PMC11048306 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis, treatment, and management of gynecologic malignancies benefit from both positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and MRI. PET/CT provides important information on the local extent of disease as well as diffuse metastatic involvement. MRI offers soft tissue delineation and loco-regional disease involvement. The combination of these two technologies is key in diagnosis, treatment planning, and evaluating treatment response in gynecological malignancies. This review aims to assess the performance of PET/MRI in gynecologic cancer patients and outlines the technical challenges and clinical advantages of PET/MR systems when specifically applied to gynecologic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheida Ebrahimi
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Elin Lundström
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
- Center for Medical Imaging, Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Summer J. Batasin
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Elisabeth Hedlund
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karin Stålberg
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eric C. Ehman
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Vipul R. Sheth
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; (V.R.S.)
| | - Negaur Iranpour
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; (V.R.S.)
| | - Stephane Loubrie
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Alexandra Schlein
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Rebecca Rakow-Penner
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Lyu Y, Chen X, Liu H, Xi Y, Feng W, Li B. Comparison of the diagnostic value of [ 68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/MR and [ 18F]FDG PET/CT in patients with T stage ≤ 2a2 uterine cervical cancer: a prospective study. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024; 51:1163-1172. [PMID: 38032383 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06539-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the diagnostic value of [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/MR and [18F]FDG PET/CT in patients with T stage ≤ 2a2 uterine cervical cancer patients. METHODS Patients pathologically diagnosed with cervical cancer and with a T stage ≤ T2a2 were prospectively enrolled. All patients underwent whole-body [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/MR and [18F]FDG PET/CT within 2 weeks, and surgical treatment was performed within 10 days after PET. RESULTS Twenty-five patients were enrolled. Twenty patients underwent radical hysterectomy, among which all of them underwent pelvic lymphadenectomy, and 10 patients underwent para-aortic lymphadenectomy. Three patients received merely laparoscopic lymphadenectomy without hysterectomy. Two patients with both [18F]FDG and [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 lymph node high metabolism were staged as FIGO IIIC1r, and concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT) was performed. [18F]FDG and [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 had equivalent detection ability on primary tumors, with a positive detection rate of 96.0%. The accuracy of T staging using [18F]FDG and [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 was relatively 50% and 55.0%. Elevated and underrated staging was due to misdiagnosis of either vaginal infiltration or tumor size. In terms of lymph node metastasis detection, the specificity of [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 was 100% (95% CI, 84.6% ~ 100.0%), which was significantly higher than [18F]FDG (59.1% (95% CI, 36.4% ~ 79.3%)) (p = 0.004). CONCLUSION [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/MR and [18F]FDG PET/CT demonstrated an equivalent detection ability on cervical cancer primary tumors. However, [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/MR's diagnostic value in lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than [18F]FDG PET/CT. [68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 PET/MR has the potential for more accurate treatment planning, thus clarifying fertility preservation indications for early-stage young patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Lyu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyue Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Collaboration Innovation Center for Molecular Imaging of Precision Medicine, Ruijin Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Xi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Collaboration Innovation Center for Molecular Imaging of Precision Medicine, Ruijin Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Biao Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Collaboration Innovation Center for Molecular Imaging of Precision Medicine, Ruijin Center, Shanghai, China.
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Allahqoli L, Hakimi S, Laganà AS, Momenimovahed Z, Mazidimoradi A, Rahmani A, Fallahi A, Salehiniya H, Ghiasvand MM, Alkatout I. 18F-FDG PET/MRI and 18F-FDG PET/CT for the Management of Gynecological Malignancies: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature. J Imaging 2023; 9:223. [PMID: 37888330 PMCID: PMC10607780 DOI: 10.3390/jimaging9100223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Positron emission tomography with 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18] fluoro- D-glucose integrated with computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (18F-FDG PET/MRI) has emerged as a promising tool for managing various types of cancer. This review study was conducted to investigate the role of 18F- FDG PET/CT and FDG PET/MRI in the management of gynecological malignancies. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched for relevant articles in the three databases PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science. SELECTION CRITERIA All studies reporting data on the FDG PET/CT and FDG PET MRI in the management of gynecological cancer, performed anywhere in the world and published exclusively in the English language, were included in the present study. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used the EndNote software (EndNote X8.1, Thomson Reuters) to list the studies and screen them on the basis of the inclusion criteria. Data, including first author, publication year, sample size, clinical application, imaging type, and main result, were extracted and tabulated in Excel. The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of the modalities were extracted and summarized. MAIN RESULTS After screening 988 records, 166 studies published between 2004 and 2022 were included, covering various methodologies. Studies were divided into the following five categories: the role of FDG PET/CT and FDG-PET/MRI in the management of: (a) endometrial cancer (n = 30); (b) ovarian cancer (n = 60); (c) cervical cancer (n = 50); (d) vulvar and vagina cancers (n = 12); and (e) gynecological cancers (n = 14). CONCLUSIONS FDG PET/CT and FDG PET/MRI have demonstrated potential as non-invasive imaging tools for enhancing the management of gynecological malignancies. Nevertheless, certain associated challenges warrant attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Allahqoli
- Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran 1467664961, Iran
| | - Sevil Hakimi
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 516615731, Iran;
| | - Antonio Simone Laganà
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Paolo Giaccone” Hospital, Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Zohre Momenimovahed
- Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom 3716993456, Iran;
| | - Afrooz Mazidimoradi
- Neyriz Public Health Clinic, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran;
| | - Azam Rahmani
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 141973317, Iran;
| | - Arezoo Fallahi
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj 6617713446, Iran;
| | - Hamid Salehiniya
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853076, Iran;
| | - Mohammad Matin Ghiasvand
- Department of Computer Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (AUT), Tehran 1591634311, Iran;
| | - Ibrahim Alkatout
- University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel School of Gynaecological Endoscopy, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, Haus 24, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
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Borgheresi A, Agostini A, Sternardi F, Cesari E, Ventura F, Ottaviani L, Delle Fave RF, Pretore E, Cimadamore A, Filosa A, Galosi AB, Giovagnoni A. Vascular Enlargement as a Predictor of Nodal Involvement in Bladder Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2227. [PMID: 37443621 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13132227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In bladder cancer (BC), the evaluation of lymph node (LN) involvement at preoperative imaging lacks specificity. Since neoangiogenesis is paired with lymphatic involvement, this study aims to evaluate the presence of perivesical venous ectasia as an indirect sign of LN involvement, together with other conventional CT findings. All the patients who underwent radical cystectomy (RC) for BC between January 2017 and December 2019 with available preoperative contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) within 1 month before surgery were included. Patients without available pathological reports (and pTNM stage) or who underwent neoadjuvant treatments and palliative RC were excluded. Two readers in blind assessed the nodal shape and hilum, the short axis, and the contrast enhancement of suspicious pelvic LNs, the Largest Venous Diameter (LVD) efferent to the lesion, and the extravesical tumor invasion. In total, 38 patients (33 males) were included: 17 pT2, 17 pT3, 4 pT4; pN+: 20/38. LN short axis > 5 mm, LN enhancement, and LVD > 3 mm were significantly correlated with N+ at pathology. LVD > 3 mm had a significantly higher sensitivity and specificity (≥90%, AUC = 0.949) and was an independent predictor (p = 0.0016).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Borgheresi
- Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, University Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10, 60126 Ancona, Italy
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Via Conca 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Agostini
- Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, University Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10, 60126 Ancona, Italy
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Via Conca 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesca Sternardi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Via Conca 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Elisa Cesari
- Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, University Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Fiammetta Ventura
- Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, University Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Letizia Ottaviani
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Via Conca 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Eugenio Pretore
- Division of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Via Conca 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessia Cimadamore
- Division of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Via Conca 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Healthcare, University Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Filosa
- Division of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Via Conca 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Healthcare, University Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Benedetto Galosi
- Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, University Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10, 60126 Ancona, Italy
- Division of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Via Conca 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Giovagnoni
- Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, University Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10, 60126 Ancona, Italy
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Via Conca 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy
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Weyl A, Chollet C, Gabiache E, Cancès-Lauwers V, Gallo F, Martinez A, Courbon F, Leguevaque P, Brenot Rossi I, Jalaguier A, Lambaudie E, Chantalat E, Motton S. PET-MRI for evaluation of response to radiochemotherapy in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2023; 33:676-682. [PMID: 36822657 DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-2022-003958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to analyze the diagnostic test accuracy of positron emission tomography and a magnetic resonance imaging scan (PET-MRI) fusion in evaluating tumor response after radiochemotherapy in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer. METHODS Patients treated at two institutes between January 2008 and December 2016 were studied retrospectively. Re-evaluation by positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in a non-concurrent way 4-8 weeks after treatment. A nuclear medicine doctor and a radiologist (subsequently referred as "radiologists"), both experts in gynecological oncology, re-examined the post-treatment MRI and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) separately, and then performed a fusion of these examinations. In this study we describe this "a posteriori fusion methodology", with two levels, enabling limitation of anatomical shifts. The gold standard was anatomical pathology analysis of the surgical specimen, since all patients underwent surgery following this radiological re-evaluation. The radiologists' degree of certainty in their diagnoses, and the impact of fusion on their diagnostic confidence were assessed by the radiologists, using two Likert judgment scales. They also adjudicated on possible changes of interpretation after the fusion. RESULTS Thirty-one patients were included. The PET-MRI fusion has a sensitivity of 79% and a specificity of 90%. The positive predictive value (PPV) was 94%, and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 69%. In 45% of cases (n=13), radiologists reported an improvement in their degree of certainty in their diagnosis using a Likert judgment scale, due to inspecting the PET and MRI fused. A change in interpretation of tumor response was observed using a Likert judgment scale in 31% of cases. CONCLUSION PET-MRI fusion improves the radiologist's own diagnostic confidence in assessing response to concurrent radiochemotherapy in locally advanced cervical cancer. More studies using a latest generation hybrid system will be necessary to further compare to MRI and PET-CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Weyl
- Gynecologic Surgery, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, Occitanie, France
| | | | - Erwan Gabiache
- Nuclear Medicine, Cancer University Institute Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse, Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi, France
| | | | | | | | - Frederic Courbon
- Nuclear Medicine, Cancer University Institute Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse, Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi, France
| | | | | | - Aurélie Jalaguier
- Paoli-Calmettes Institute, Marseille, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azu, France
| | | | - Elodie Chantalat
- Gynecologic Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, Midi-Pyrénées, France
| | - Stephanie Motton
- Gynecologic Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, Midi-Pyrénées, France
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Virarkar M, Vulasala SS, Calimano-Ramirez L, Singh A, Lall C, Bhosale P. Current Update on PET/MRI in Gynecological Malignancies-A Review of the Literature. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:1077-1105. [PMID: 36661732 PMCID: PMC9858166 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Early detection of gynecological malignancies is vital for patient management and prolonging the patient's survival. Molecular imaging, such as positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography, has been increasingly utilized in gynecological malignancies. PET/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables the assessment of gynecological malignancies by combining the metabolic information of PET with the anatomical and functional information from MRI. This article will review the updated applications of PET/MRI in gynecological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayur Virarkar
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, 655 West 8th Street, C90, 2nd Floor, Clinical Center, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA
| | - Sai Swarupa Vulasala
- Department of Internal Medicine, East Carolina University Health Medical Center, 600 Moye Blvd., Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Luis Calimano-Ramirez
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, 655 West 8th Street, C90, 2nd Floor, Clinical Center, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA
| | - Anmol Singh
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, 655 West 8th Street, C90, 2nd Floor, Clinical Center, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA
| | - Chandana Lall
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, 655 West 8th Street, C90, 2nd Floor, Clinical Center, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA
| | - Priya Bhosale
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Singaram NK, Hulikal N, Vijayalakshmi Devi B, Manthri R, Chowhan AK. Utility of Whole Body 18F-FDG PET/CT in Comparison to Pelvic MRI in Evaluation of Local Staging of Early-Stage Carcinoma Cervix. Cureus 2022; 14:e32111. [PMID: 36601156 PMCID: PMC9803860 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This prospective comparative study aimed to investigate the applied value of whole body 2-deoxy-2[fluorine-18]fluoro- D-glucose positron emission tomography integrated with computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) in comparison to pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in early cervical cancer patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A prospective study was performed on 47 clinically early-stage cervical cancer patients evaluated with positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and MRI before surgery. The final postoperative histopathology report served as the reference standard. Both PET/CT and MRI images were analyzed and correlated with histopathologic findings concerning parametrial and lymph node involvement. RESULTS Sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value (NPV) of PET/CT were 33.3%, 81.8%, and 94.7%, respectively, for parametrium assessment. And the corresponding values of pelvic MRI were 33.3%, 63.6%, and 93.3%, respectively (PET/CT versus MRI, p > 0.05). The positive predictive value (PPV) of PET/CT (11.1%) was higher than MRI (5.9%) for parametrial assessment (p < 0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of PET/CT were 75%, 83.7%, 30%, and 97.3%, respectively, for lymph node assessment. And the corresponding values of MRI were 75%, 81.3%, 27.3%, and 97.2%, respectively (PET/CT versus MRI, p > 0.05). There was no significant difference between MRI and PET/CT concerning stage migration (p = 0.4276). CONCLUSION The PET/CT had no additional utility (compared to MRI) in the evaluation of local staging of clinically early cervical carcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Narendra Hulikal
- Surgical Oncology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, IND
| | | | - Ranadheer Manthri
- Nuclear Medicine, Mehdi Nawaz Jung Institute of Oncology Regional Cancer Center, Hyderabad, IND
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Maffei ME. Magnetic Fields and Cancer: Epidemiology, Cellular Biology, and Theranostics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1339. [PMID: 35163262 PMCID: PMC8835851 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans are exposed to a complex mix of man-made electric and magnetic fields (MFs) at many different frequencies, at home and at work. Epidemiological studies indicate that there is a positive relationship between residential/domestic and occupational exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields and some types of cancer, although some other studies indicate no relationship. In this review, after an introduction on the MF definition and a description of natural/anthropogenic sources, the epidemiology of residential/domestic and occupational exposure to MFs and cancer is reviewed, with reference to leukemia, brain, and breast cancer. The in vivo and in vitro effects of MFs on cancer are reviewed considering both human and animal cells, with particular reference to the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS). MF application on cancer diagnostic and therapy (theranostic) are also reviewed by describing the use of different magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applications for the detection of several cancers. Finally, the use of magnetic nanoparticles is described in terms of treatment of cancer by nanomedical applications for the precise delivery of anticancer drugs, nanosurgery by magnetomechanic methods, and selective killing of cancer cells by magnetic hyperthermia. The supplementary tables provide quantitative data and methodologies in epidemiological and cell biology studies. Although scientists do not generally agree that there is a cause-effect relationship between exposure to MF and cancer, MFs might not be the direct cause of cancer but may contribute to produce ROS and generate oxidative stress, which could trigger or enhance the expression of oncogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo E Maffei
- Department Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Quarello 15/a, 10135 Turin, Italy
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Saleh M, Virarkar M, Javadi S, Palmquist SM, Bhosale PR. PET imaging in cervical and uterine cancers. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822960-6.00171-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Ward RD, Amorim B, Li W, King J, Umutlu L, Groshar D, Harisinghani M, Catalano O. Abdominal and pelvic 18F-FDG PET/MR: a review of current and emerging oncologic applications. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2021; 46:1236-1248. [PMID: 32949272 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-020-02766-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) using fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) combined with magnetic resonance imaging (MR) is an emerging hybrid modality that has shown utility in evaluating abdominal and pelvic disease entities. Together, the high soft tissue contrast and metabolic/functional imaging capabilities make this modality ideal for oncologic imaging in many organ systems. Its clinical utility continues to evolve and future research will help solidify its role in oncologic imaging. In this manuscript, we aim to (1) provide an overview of the various PET/MR systems, describing the strengths and weaknesses of each system, and (2) review the oncologic applications for 18F-FDG PET/MR in the abdomen and pelvis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Ward
- Cleveland Clinic, Department of Abdominal Imaging, 9500 Euclid Ave, L10, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Barbara Amorim
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of Campinas, Rua Vital Brasil 251, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Weier Li
- Department of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, White 270, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Joseph King
- Department of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, White 270, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Lale Umutlu
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - David Groshar
- Assuta Medical Center, Habrzel 20, 6971028, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Mukesh Harisinghani
- Department of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, White 270, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Onofrio Catalano
- Department of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, White 270, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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Gouy S, Seebacher V, Chargari C, Terroir M, Grimaldi S, Ilenko A, Maulard A, Genestie C, Leary A, Pautier P, Morice P, Deandreis D. False negative rate at 18F-FDG PET/CT in para-aortic lymphnode involvement in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer: impact of PET technology. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:135. [PMID: 33549033 PMCID: PMC7866875 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-07821-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The identification of factors responsible for false negative (FN) rate at 18F- Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) Positron Emission Tomography /Computed Tomography (PET/CT) in para-aortic (PA) lymph nodes in the presurgical staging of patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) is challenging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of PET/CT technology. Methods A total of 240 consecutive patients with LACC (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, FIGO, stage IB2-IVA) and negative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and/or Computed Tomography (CT) and negative 18F-FDG PET/CT in the PA region, undergoing laparoscopic PA lymphadenectomy before chemoradiotherapy were included. The FN rate in patients studied with Time of flight (TOF) PET/CT (TOF PET) or non-Time of flight PET/CT (no-TOF PET) technology was retrospectively compared. Results Patients presented with FIGO stage IB (n = 78), stage IIA-B (n = 134), stage III (n = 18) and stage IVa (n = 10), squamous cell carcinoma (n = 191) and adenocarcinoma (n = 49). 141/240 patients were evaluated with no-TOF PET/CT and 99/240 with TOF PET/CT. Twenty-two patients (9%) had PA nodal involvement at histological analysis and considered PET/CT FN findings. The FN rate was 8.5% for no-TOF PET and 10% for TOF PET subgroup respectively (p = 0.98). Ninety patients (38%) presented with pelvic node uptakes at PET/CT. The FN rate in the PA region was 18% (16/90) and 4% (6/150) in patients with and without pelvic node involvement at PET/CT respectively (19 vs 3% for no-TOF PET and 17 vs 5% for TOF PET subgroup). Conclusions In LACC, FN rate in PA lymph nodes detection is a clinical issue even for modern PET/CT, especially in patients with pelvic uptake. Surgical lymphadenectomy should be performed in case of negative PET/CT at PA level in these patients, while it could be discussed in the absence of pelvic uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien Gouy
- Department of Gynecologic Surgery, Gustave Roussy and Paris Saclay, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, France.,University Paris Sud, Orsay, France.,Unit INSERM 1030, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, France
| | - Veronika Seebacher
- Department of Gynecologic Surgery, Gustave Roussy and Paris Saclay, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, France
| | - Cyrus Chargari
- University Paris Sud, Orsay, France.,Department of Radiotherapy and Brachytherapy Unit, Gustave Roussy and Paris Saclay, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, France.,Effets biologiques des rayonnements, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Bretigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Marie Terroir
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Gustave Roussy and Paris Saclay, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, 94800, Villejuif, France
| | - Serena Grimaldi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Gustave Roussy and Paris Saclay, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, 94800, Villejuif, France
| | - Anna Ilenko
- Department of Gynecologic Surgery, Gustave Roussy and Paris Saclay, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, France
| | - Amandine Maulard
- Department of Gynecologic Surgery, Gustave Roussy and Paris Saclay, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, France
| | - Catherine Genestie
- Department of Pathology, Gustave Roussy and Paris Saclay, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, France
| | - Alexandra Leary
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy and Paris Saclay, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, France
| | - Patricia Pautier
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy and Paris Saclay, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, France
| | - Philippe Morice
- Department of Gynecologic Surgery, Gustave Roussy and Paris Saclay, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, France.,University Paris Sud, Orsay, France.,Unit INSERM 1030, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, France
| | - Désirée Deandreis
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Gustave Roussy and Paris Saclay, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, 94800, Villejuif, France. .,Department of Medical Sciences, Nuclear Medicine Division, the University of Turin, C.so Dogliotti, 14 10126, Turin, Italy.
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Vojtíšek R, Baxa J, Kovářová P, Almortaza A, Hošek P, Sukovská E, Tupý R, Ferda J, Fínek J. Prediction of treatment response in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer using midtreatment PET/MRI during concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Strahlenther Onkol 2021; 197:494-504. [PMID: 33492444 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-020-01740-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to find metabolic, functional or morphological characteristics of the tumor predicting failure to achieve complete metabolic remission (CMR) by the midtreatment PET/MRI (positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging) in cervical cancer patients. METHODS We evaluated 66 patients treated between August 2015 and November 2019 who underwent pretreatment staging, subsequent midtreatment evaluation, and definitive restaging 3 months after completing the whole treatment, all using PET/MRI. The pretreatment parameters (pre-SUVmax, pre-SUVmean, pre-MTV, pre-MTV‑S, pre-TLG, pre-TLG‑S [SUV: standard uptake value, MTV: metabolic tumor volume, TLG: total lesion glycolysis]), and the midtreatment parameters at week 5 during chemoradiotherapy (mid-SUVmax, mid-SUVmean, mid-MTV, mid-MTV‑S, mid-TLG and mid-TLG-S) were recorded. The value of ADC (apparent diffusion coefficient) was also measured. Furthermore, we recorded absolute and relative changes in all parameters-∆ and ∆%. We divided the whole group of patients into "responders" (CMR) and "non-responders" (non-CMR), and compared them on the basis of the parameters from pre-PET/MRI and mid-PET/MRI. RESULTS A statistically significant difference in the evaluated parameters between responders and non-responders was found for the following parameters: mid-MTV, mid-TLG, mid-TLG‑S, mid-MTV‑S, mid-tumor size, and ∆%SUVmax. According to the ROC (receiver operating characteristic) analysis, mid-MTV‑S showed the best albeit moderate discrimination ability for the prediction of non-CMR. Significant mutual correlations of all variables, in particular between mid-MTV‑S and mid-TLG‑S and between mid-MTV and mid-TLG, were found (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our study confirmed that when using the midtreatment PET/MRI we are able to identify metabolic parameters having the discrimination ability for the prediction of non-CMR. In particular mid-MTV‑S, mid-MTV, mid-tumor size, mid-TLG‑S, mid-TLG and ∆%SUVmax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radovan Vojtíšek
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, alej Svobody 80, 30460, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Baxa
- Department of Imaging Methods, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, alej Svobody 80, 30460, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Kovářová
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, alej Svobody 80, 30460, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Amira Almortaza
- Department of Imaging Methods, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, alej Svobody 80, 30460, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Hošek
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 76, 32300, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Emília Sukovská
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, alej Svobody 80, 30460, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Tupý
- Department of Imaging Methods, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, alej Svobody 80, 30460, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Ferda
- Department of Imaging Methods, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, alej Svobody 80, 30460, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Fínek
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, alej Svobody 80, 30460, Pilsen, Czech Republic
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Steiner A, Narva S, Rinta-Kiikka I, Hietanen S, Hynninen J, Virtanen J. Diagnostic efficiency of whole-body 18F-FDG PET/MRI, MRI alone, and SUV and ADC values in staging of primary uterine cervical cancer. Cancer Imaging 2021; 21:16. [PMID: 33482909 PMCID: PMC7821517 DOI: 10.1186/s40644-020-00372-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The use of PET/MRI for gynecological cancers is emerging. The purpose of this study was to assess the additional diagnostic value of PET over MRI alone in local and whole-body staging of cervical cancer, and to evaluate the benefit of standardized uptake value (SUV) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in staging. Methods Patients with histopathologically-proven cervical cancer and whole-body 18F-FDG PET/MRI obtained before definitive treatment were retrospectively registered. Local tumor spread, nodal involvement, and distant metastases were evaluated using PET/MRI or MRI dataset alone. Histopathology or clinical consensus with follow-up imaging were used as reference standard. Tumor SUVmax and ADC were measured and SUVmax/ADC ratio calculated. Area under the curve (AUC) was determined to predict diagnostic performance and Mann-Whitney U test was applied for group comparisons. Results In total, 33 patients who underwent surgery (n = 23) or first-line chemoradiation (n = 10) were included. PET/MRI resulted in higher AUC compared with MRI alone in detecting parametrial (0.89 versus 0.73), vaginal (0.85 versus 0.74), and deep cervical stromal invasion (0.96 versus 0.74), respectively. PET/MRI had higher diagnostic confidence than MRI in identifying patients with radical cone biopsy and no residual at hysterectomy (sensitivity 89% versus 44%). PET/MRI and MRI showed equal AUC for pelvic nodal staging (both 0.73), whereas AUC for distant metastases was higher using PET/MRI (0.80 versus 0.67). Tumor SUVmax/ADC ratio, but not SUVmax or ADC alone, was significantly higher in the presence of metastatic pelvic lymph nodes (P < 0.05). Conclusions PET/MRI shows higher accuracy than MRI alone for determining local tumor spread and distant metastasis emphasizing the added value of PET over MRI alone in staging of cervical cancer. Tumor SUVmax/ADC ratio may predict pelvic nodal involvement. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40644-020-00372-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Steiner
- Department of Radiology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, PO Box 52, 20521, Turku, Finland. .,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Sara Narva
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Hospital, PO Box 52, 20521, Turku, Finland
| | - Irina Rinta-Kiikka
- Department of Radiology, Tampere University Hospital, PO Box 2000, 33521, Tampere, Finland
| | - Sakari Hietanen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Hospital, PO Box 52, 20521, Turku, Finland
| | - Johanna Hynninen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Hospital, PO Box 52, 20521, Turku, Finland
| | - Johanna Virtanen
- Department of Radiology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, PO Box 52, 20521, Turku, Finland
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Staley SA, Tucker KR, Gehrig PA, Clark LH. Accuracy of preoperative cross-sectional imaging in cervical cancer patients undergoing primary radical surgery. Gynecol Oncol 2020; 160:384-388. [PMID: 33213900 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aim to describe the false negative (FN) and false positive (FP) rates of preoperative cross-sectional imaging (PCI) prior to radical surgery for cervical cancer. METHODS A retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent radical hysterectomy for early-stage cervical cancer from January 2010 until December 2017 at a single tertiary care center was performed. Patients were included if they underwent preoperative PCI and radical surgery. Patient demographics and clinicopathologic information were recorded from medical record review. Descriptive statistics were used. RESULTS Overall, 106 patients met inclusion criteria. Eighty-four percent (89/106) of patients had no suspicion for metastatic disease on PCI, while 16% (17/106) had suspicion for metastatic disease. Of the 89 without suspicion for metastatic disease on PCI, 16% (14/89) had a false negative study with metastatic disease identified on final surgical pathology. False negative rates by modality were 16% (11/70) for PET/CT and 6% (2/33) for diagnostic CT. Of the 17 cases with suspicion for metastatic disease on imaging, 53% (9/17) were false positive studies with no metastatic disease identified histologically. False positive rates by modality were 7% (5/70) for PET/CT and 12% (4/33) for diagnostic CT. CONCLUSION PCI is a tool to help identify patients who are optimal candidates for radical surgery. In this sample, the false negative rate was 16%, and false positive rate was 53% for PCI among women who underwent primary radical surgery. Further study is needed to explore preoperative testing that may more accurately identify optimal surgical candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Allison Staley
- Gynecologic Oncologist, Rocky Mountain Gynecologic Oncology, Swedish Medical Center, Denver, CO, United States of America.
| | - Katherine R Tucker
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Paola A Gehrig
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Leslie H Clark
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
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Nguyen NC, Beriwal S, Moon CH, D'Ardenne N, Mountz JM, Furlan A, Muthukrishnan A, Rangaswamy B. Diagnostic Value of FDG PET/MRI in Females With Pelvic Malignancy-A Systematic Review of the Literature. Front Oncol 2020; 10:519440. [PMID: 33123460 PMCID: PMC7571667 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.519440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid imaging with F-18 fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (FDG PET/MRI) has increasing clinical applications supplementing conventional ultrasound, CT, and MRI imaging as well as hybrid PET/CT imaging in assessing cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancer. This article summarizes the existing literature and discusses the emerging role of hybrid PET/MRI in gynecologic malignancies. Thus, far, the published literature on the applications of FDG PET/MRI shows that it can have a significant impact on patient management by improving the staging of the cancers compared with PET/CT, influencing clinical decision and treatment strategy. For disease restaging, current literature indicates that PET/MRI performs equivalently to PET/CT. There appears to be a mild-moderate inverse correlation between standard-uptake-value (SUV) and apparent-diffusion-coefficient (ADC) values, which could be used to predict tumor grading and risk stratification. It remains to be seen as to whether multi-parametric PET/MRI imaging could prove valuable for prognostication and outcome. PET/MRI provides the opportunity for reduced radiation exposure, which is particularly relevant for a young female in need of multiple scans for treatment monitoring and follow-up. Fast acquisition protocols and optimized methods for attenuation correction are still evolving. Major limitations of PET/MRI remains such as suboptimal detection of small pulmonary nodules and lack of utility for radiation treatment planning, which pose an impediment in making PET/MRI a viable one-stop-shop imaging option to compete with PET/CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nghi Co Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Sushil Beriwal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Chan-Hong Moon
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Nicholas D'Ardenne
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - James M Mountz
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Alessandro Furlan
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Ashok Muthukrishnan
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Tsuyoshi H, Tsujikawa T, Yamada S, Okazawa H, Yoshida Y. Diagnostic value of 18F-FDG PET/MRI for staging in patients with endometrial cancer. Cancer Imaging 2020; 20:75. [PMID: 33092631 PMCID: PMC7584088 DOI: 10.1186/s40644-020-00357-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Preoperative accurate assessment of endometrial cancer can assist in the planning of additional surgical options, and in predicting the prognosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic potential of non-contrast PET/MRI with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) for assessment in preoperative staging of endometrial cancer. Methods Thirty-six patients with biopsy-proven endometrial cancer underwent preoperative 18F-FDG PET/MRI, contrast-enhanced CT (ceCT) and pelvic dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (ceMRI) for initial staging. The diagnostic performance of 18F-FDG PET/MRI and ceMRI for assessing the extent of the primary tumor (T stage), and 18F-FDG PET/MRI and ceCT for assessing nodal (N stage) and distant (M stage) metastasis, was evaluated by two experienced readers. Histopathological and follow-up imaging results were used as the gold standard. The McNemar test was employed for statistical analysis. Results Accuracy for T status was 77.8 and 75.0% for 18F-FDG PET/MRI and ceMRI, respectively. Patient-based accuracy for detecting regional nodal and distant metastasis was 91.3 and 81.8% for 18F-FDG PET/MRI, and 87.0 and 81.8% for ceCT. None of these parameters was statistically significant (p > 0.05). Lesion-based sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for detecting regional nodal metastasis were 100, 96.9 and 97.0% for 18F-FDG PET/MRI, and 14.3, 97.6 and 93.3% for ceCT; sensitivity was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusions Non-contrast 18F-FDG PET/MRI, which combines the individual advantages of PET and MRI, offers a high diagnostic value equivalent to that of ceMRI for assessment of the primary tumor, and equivalent to that of ceCT for the assessment of nodal and distant metastatic staging, in patients with endometrial cancer. These findings suggest that 18F-FDG PET/MRI might provide an alternative diagnostic strategy to conventional imaging modalities in the preoperative staging of endometrial cancer. Supplementary information Supplementary information accompanies this paper at 10.1186/s40644-020-00357-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Tsuyoshi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Tsujikawa
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Shizuka Yamada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Okazawa
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Yoshio Yoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
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Diagnostic value of [ 18F]FDG PET/MRI for staging in patients with ovarian cancer. EJNMMI Res 2020; 10:117. [PMID: 33006685 PMCID: PMC7532239 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-020-00712-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic potential of PET/MRI with 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose ([18F]FDG) in ovarian cancer. Materials and methods Participants comprised 103 patients with suspected ovarian cancer underwent pretreatment [18F]FDG PET/MRI, contrast-enhanced CT (ceCT) and pelvic dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (ceMRI). Diagnostic performance of [18F]FDG PET/MRI and ceMRI for assessing the characterization and the extent of the primary tumor (T stage) and [18F]FDG PET/MRI and ceCT for assessing nodal (N stage) and distant (M stage) metastases was evaluated by two experienced readers. Histopathological and follow-up imaging results were used as the gold standard. The McNemar test was employed for statistical analysis. Results Accuracy for the characterization of suspected ovarian cancer was significantly better for [18F]FDG PET/MRI (92.5%) [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.84–0.95] than for ceMRI (80.6%) (95% CI 0.72–0.83) (p < 0.05). Accuracy for T status was 96.4% (95% CI 0.96–0.96) and 92.9% (95% CI 0.93–0.93) for [18F]FDG PET/MRI and ceMRI/ceCT, respectively. Patient-based accuracies for N and M status were 100% (95% CI 0.88–1.00) and 100% (95% CI 0.88–1.00) for [18F]FDG PET/MRI and 85.2% (95% CI 0.76–0.85) and 30.8% (95% CI 0.19–0.31) for ceCT and M staging representing significant differences (p < 0.01). Lesion-based sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for N status were 78.6% (95% CI 0.57–0.91), 95.7% (95% CI 0.93–0.97) and 93.9% (95% CI 0.89–0.97) for [18F]FDG PET/MRI and 42.9% (95% CI 0.24–0.58), 96.6% (95% CI 0.94–0.98) and 90.8% (95% CI 0.87–0.94) for ceCT. Conclusions [18F]FDG PET/MRI offers better sensitivity and specificity for the characterization and M staging than ceMRI and ceCT, and diagnostic value for T and N staging equivalent to ceMRI and ceCT, suggesting that [18F]FDG PET/MRI might represent a useful diagnostic alternative to conventional imaging modalities in ovarian cancer.
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The role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in endometrial adenocarcinoma: a review of the literature and recent advances. Clin Transl Imaging 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40336-020-00385-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Nazir A, Matthews R, Chimpiri AR, Henretta M, Varughese J, Franceschi D. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography-magnetic resonance hybrid imaging: An emerging tool for staging of cancer of the uterine cervix. World J Nucl Med 2020; 20:150-155. [PMID: 34321967 PMCID: PMC8285997 DOI: 10.4103/wjnm.wjnm_53_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Positron-emission tomography-magnetic resonance imaging (PET-MRI) is an emerging hybrid imaging modality that utilizes the superior soft tissue resolution of MR with the metabolic data from PET. In this study, we sought to assess the clinical value of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET-MRI with dedicated pelvic PET-MR in the initial staging of cervical cancer. In this institutional-approved study, we identified 23 adult females who underwent FDG PET-MRI on hybrid camera for staging of primary uterine cervical cancer that included a dedicated PET-MR of the pelvis. A nuclear medicine physician and a radiologist reviewed the PET, MRI, and fusion-body and pelvis images alone and then with consensus read characterizing PET and MR abnormal findings. There were 23 patients who underwent FDG PET-MRI for initial staging of cervical cancer with an average age of 52.2 ± 14.0 years. A total of 23 suspected lymph nodes in eight different patients were detected within the pelvis with increased metabolic activity on PET. Both the dedicated pelvis and whole-body PET imaging detected the same corresponding pelvic lymph nodes, although the pelvic PET imaging had better lymph node uptake delineation due to longer acquisition time. Using a 10-mm short-axis criterion, MRI identified only 43.5% of the FDG avid lymph nodes. The average SUVmax on the pelvis PET sequences was higher with SUV 8.9 ± 5.2 compared to the whole-body PET with SUV 7.8 ± 5.4 but was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Primary cervical cancer was identified in 18 patients on both PET imaging and MRI with dedicated MR pelvis providing better characterization. Based on our results of the patients with cervical cancer evaluated for initial staging, combining dedicated pelvic PET-MRI with whole-body PET/MR provides the most complete status of malignant disease in reference to delineation of primary tumor, involvement of surrounding tissues, and regional lymph nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Nazir
- Department of Radiology, Stony Brook University Hospital in Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Robert Matthews
- Department of Radiology, Stony Brook University Hospital in Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | | | - Melissa Henretta
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Trinity Health of New England, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Joyce Varughese
- Gynecologic Oncology, Capital Health Surgical Group, Pennington, NJ, USA
| | - Dinko Franceschi
- Department of Radiology, Stony Brook University Hospital in Stony Brook, NY, USA
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Saleh M, Virarkar M, Javadi S, Elsherif SB, de Castro Faria S, Bhosale P. Cervical Cancer: 2018 Revised International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Staging System and the Role of Imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2020; 214:1182-1195. [DOI: 10.2214/ajr.19.21819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Saleh
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Mayur Virarkar
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Sanaz Javadi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Sherif B. Elsherif
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Silvana de Castro Faria
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Priya Bhosale
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030
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Kim YJ, Han S, Kim YS, Nam JH. Prognostic value of post-treatment ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in uterine cervical cancer patients treated with radiotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Gynecol Oncol 2020; 30:e66. [PMID: 31328452 PMCID: PMC6658597 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2019.30.e66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prognostic value of post-treatment 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) in uterine cervical cancer patients treated with radiotherapy (RT) with or without chemotherapy. Methods PubMed and Embase databases were searched up to July 22, 2018, for studies which evaluated the response outcomes of 18F-FDG PET following RT, and their prognostic significance in uterine cervical cancer was assessed with overall survival (OS) or progression-free survival (PFS) as endpoints. Hazard ratios (HRs) were meta-analytically pooled using the random-effects model. Results Eleven studies with 12 patient cohorts including 1,104 patients were included. For a quantitative synthesis of OS, 7 cohorts were included. Two cohorts which reported disease-specific survival instead of OS were also included with flexibility. Pooled HR of complete metabolic response (CMR) compared to partial metabolic response (PMR) was 0.19 (95% confidence interval [CI]=0.11–0.31). Pooled HR of CMR compared to progressive metabolic disease (PMD) was more evident at 0.07 (95% CI=0.04–0.12), and that of CMR compared to both PMR and PMD was 0.20 (95% CI=0.12–0.34). Quantitative synthesis for PFS was performed with a total of 8 cohorts. Pooled HR of CMR was 0.17 (95% CI=0.10–0.29) compared to PMR, 0.02 (95% CI=0.01–0.06) compared to PMD and 0.12 (95% CI=0.07–0.19) compared to both PMR and PMD. Conclusion Response results of post-RT 18F-FDG PET were significant prognostic factors in patients with uterine cervical cancer, and 18F-FDG PET could be a reasonable follow-up imaging modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Joo Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sangwon Han
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Armed Forces Daejeon Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young Seok Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Joo Hyun Nam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Virarkar M, Ganeshan D, Devine C, Bassett R, Kuchana V, Bhosale P. Diagnostic value of PET/CT versus PET/MRI in gynecological malignancies of the pelvis: A meta-analysis. Clin Imaging 2020; 60:53-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2019.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Update on Diagnostic Performance of PET/MRI in Gynecological Malignancies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Belg Soc Radiol 2020; 104:4. [PMID: 31998862 PMCID: PMC6978989 DOI: 10.5334/jbsr.1981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) for gynecological cancers of the pelvis based on a systematic review and meta-analysis of published data. Patients and Methods: A systematic literature search for original diagnostic studies was performed using PubMed/MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, Embase and Web of Science. The methodological quality of each study was evaluated using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool. Data necessary for entry in 2 × 2 contingency tables were obtained, and patients, study, and imaging characteristics were extracted from the selected articles. Statistical analysis included data pooling, heterogeneity testing, sensitivity analyses, forest plotting, and summary receiver operating characteristic curve construction. Result: Twelve studies met our predefined inclusion criteria and were included in this study. Patient-based analysis, the pooled sensitivity rate, specificity rate, diagnostic odds ratio, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for 18F-FDG PET/MRI in diagnosis of gynecological malignancies were 74.2% (95% confidence interval, 66.2–80.8%), 89.8% (95% CI, 82.2–94.3%), 26 (95% CI, 10–67), and 0.834, respectively. On lesion-based analysis, the pooled sensitivity rate, specificity rate, diagnostic odds ratio, and area under the curve were 87.5% (95% CI, 75.8–94.0%), 88.2% (95% CI, 84.2–91.3%), 50 (95% CI, 23–111), and 0.922, respectively. Conclusions: Our meta-analysis demonstrated that 18F-FDG PET/MRI is a promising diagnostic method for primary tumors, nodal staging, and recurrence in patients with gynecological malignancies of the pelvis.
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The Role of Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Gynecological Malignancies. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2019; 43:825-834. [PMID: 31453978 DOI: 10.1097/rct.0000000000000918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Accurate oncological staging for early detection is of utmost importance in patient care and increasing the overall patient survival outcome. Hybrid imaging in the form of positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography has been successfully implemented in oncological imaging and, where available, has been used consistently in patients with gynecologic malignancies. The implementation of PET/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables high-quality assessment of gynecological malignancies by combining the diagnostic advantages of metabolic information of PET along with the high-resolution anatomical and functional information from the MRI to provide precise information about staging, recurrence, and metastases. This article will review the various applications of PET/MRI in gynecological cancer.
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Wang T, Sun H, Han F, Sun W, Chen Z. Evaluation of parametrial infiltration in cervical cancer with voxel-based segmentation of integrated 18F-FDG PET/MRI images: A preliminary study. Eur J Radiol 2019; 118:147-152. [PMID: 31439234 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2019.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify parametrial infiltration (PMI) in cervical cancer with voxel-based segmentation of integrated PET/MRI images. METHOD This retrospective study enrolled 79 cervical cancer patients confirmed by pathology (FIGO stage IB to IIB) who underwent 18F-FDG PET/MRI prior to surgery. Region of interest (ROI) at the largest tumor level was delineated on the T2W-MR image, and the ROI was applied to PET image of the corresponding layer. Then, these images were postprocessed with segmentation and gray level calculations in the parauterine area. RESULTS In total, 37 patients (46.8%) had postoperative pathology-confirmed PMI, and 42 patients (53.2%) showed no PMI. There was a moderate correlation between pathological results and the gray level values of each region (rs > 0.5, P < 0.001). According to FIGO stage, as the cervical lesions became more malignant, the gray level values gradually increased. The diagnostic results of MRI and PET/MRI were in good agreement (kappa = 0.693, P < 0.001); the accuracy (78.5%), sensitivity (64.9%) and NPV (74.5%) of PET/MRI were slightly higher than those of MRI (74.7%,59.5%,71.2%, respectively), with no statistically significant difference (P = 1.000). The diagnostic results of MRI and PET/MRI+gray level values were generally consistent (kappa = 0.475, P < 0.001); the accuracy (87.3%), sensitivity(83.8%) and NPV(86.4%) of PET/MRI+gray level values were higher than those of MRI, with statistically significant differences (all P values < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS It is feasible to evaluate PMI based on PET/T2W-MRI voxel segmentation and to obtain quantitative and visual indicators. PET/MRI and gray level values considered together can also improve the accuracy, sensitivity and NPV of PMI diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China
| | - Hongzan Sun
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China.
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Integrated versus separate reading of F-18 FDG-PET/CT and MRI for abdominal malignancies – effect on staging outcomes and diagnostic confidence. Eur Radiol 2019; 29:6900-6910. [DOI: 10.1007/s00330-019-06253-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Brito AET, Matushita C, Esteves F, Gomes G, Bernardo WM, Amorim BJ. Cervical cancer - staging and restaging with 18F-FDG PET/CT. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 65:568-575. [PMID: 31066810 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.65.4.568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The Guidelines Project, an initiative of the Brazilian Medical Association, aims to combine information from the medical field in order to standardize producers to assist the reasoning and decision-making of doctors. The information provided through this project must be assessed and criticized by the physician responsible for the conduct that will be adopted, depending on the conditions and the clinical status of each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Emília T Brito
- Brazilian Society of Nuclear Medicine, - Rua Real Grandeza, 108 sala 101 - Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brasil
| | - Cristina Matushita
- Brazilian Society of Nuclear Medicine, - Rua Real Grandeza, 108 sala 101 - Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brasil
| | - Fabio Esteves
- Brazilian Society of Nuclear Medicine, - Rua Real Grandeza, 108 sala 101 - Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brasil
| | - Gustavo Gomes
- Brazilian Society of Nuclear Medicine, - Rua Real Grandeza, 108 sala 101 - Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brasil
| | - Wanderley M Bernardo
- Brazilian Medical Association, Rua São Carlos do Pinhal, 324 - Bela Vista, São Paulo - SP, Brasil
| | - Barbara Juarez Amorim
- Brazilian Society of Nuclear Medicine, - Rua Real Grandeza, 108 sala 101 - Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brasil
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Bollineni VR, Ytre-Hauge S, Gulati A, Halle MK, Woie K, Salvesen Ø, Trovik J, Krakstad C, Haldorsen IS. The prognostic value of preoperative FDG-PET/CT metabolic parameters in cervical cancer patients. Eur J Hybrid Imaging 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s41824-018-0042-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Schwartz M, Gavane SC, Bou-Ayache J, Kolev V, Zakashansky K, Prasad-Hayes M, Taouli B, Chuang L, Kostakoglu L. Feasibility and diagnostic performance of hybrid PET/MRI compared with PET/CT for gynecological malignancies: a prospective pilot study. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2018; 43:3462-3467. [PMID: 29948057 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-018-1665-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to assess the feasibility and diagnostic performance of FDG-PET/MR imaging compared to PET/CT for staging of patients with a gynecological malignancy. METHODS 25 patients with a gynecological malignancy were prospectively enrolled into this pilot study. Patients underwent sequential full-body PET/CT and PET/MR of the abdomen and pelvis after administration of a single dose of F-18 FDG. PET/MRI and PET/CT images were independently reviewed by two expert radiologists. Readers were blinded to the results of the other imaging procedures. Clinical and pathologic information was abstracted from medical charts. RESULTS 18 patients were included in the final analysis with a median age of 62 years (range 31-88). 61% of patients (11/18) had cervical cancer, while the remaining patients had endometrial cancer. PET/MRI as compared to PET/CT detected all primary tumors, 7/7 patients with regional lymph nodes, and 1/1 patient with an abdominal metastasis. Two patients had additional lymph nodes outside of the abdominopelvic cavity detected on PET/CT that were not seen on PET/MRI, whereas 6 patients had parametrial invasion and one patient had invasion of the bladder seen on PET/MRI not detected on PET/CT. Five cervical cancer patients had discordant clinical vs. radiographic staging based on PET/MRI detection of soft tissue involvement. Management changed for two patients who had clinical stage IB1 and radiographic stage IIB cervical cancer. CONCLUSIONS PET/MRI is feasible and has at least comparable diagnostic ability to PET/CT for identification of primary cervical and endometrial tumors and regional metastases. PET/MRI may be superior to PET/CT for initial radiographic assessment of cervical cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Schwartz
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1170, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Somali C Gavane
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jad Bou-Ayache
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Valentin Kolev
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1170, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Konstantin Zakashansky
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1170, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Monica Prasad-Hayes
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1170, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Bachir Taouli
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Linus Chuang
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1170, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Lale Kostakoglu
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Kamei R, Watanabe Y, Sagiyama K, Isoda T, Togao O, Honda H. Optimal monochromatic color combinations for fusion imaging of FDG-PET and diffusion-weighted MR images. Ann Nucl Med 2018; 32:437-445. [PMID: 29797001 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-018-1263-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the optimal monochromatic color combination for fusion imaging of FDG-PET and diffusion-weighted MR images (DW) regarding lesion conspicuity of each image. METHODS Six linear monochromatic color-maps of red, blue, green, cyan, magenta, and yellow were assigned to each of the FDG-PET and DW images. Total perceptual color differences of the lesions were calculated based on the lightness and chromaticity measured with the photometer. Visual lesion conspicuity was also compared among the PET-only, DW-only and PET-DW-double positive portions with mean conspicuity scores. Statistical analysis was performed with a one-way analysis of variance and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. RESULTS Among all the 12 possible monochromatic color-map combinations, the 3 combinations of red/cyan, magenta/green, and red/green produced the highest conspicuity scores. Total color differences between PET-positive and double-positive portions correlated with conspicuity scores (ρ = 0.2933, p < 0.005). Lightness differences showed a significant negative correlation with conspicuity scores between the PET-only and DWI-only positive portions. Chromaticity differences showed a marginally significant correlation with conspicuity scores between DWI-positive and double-positive portions. CONCLUSIONS Monochromatic color combinations can facilitate the visual evaluation of FDG-uptake and diffusivity as well as registration accuracy on the FDG-PET/DW fusion images, when red- and green-colored elements are assigned to FDG-PET and DW images, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryotaro Kamei
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuji Watanabe
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Diagnosis, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Koji Sagiyama
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takuro Isoda
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Osamu Togao
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Honda
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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Simultaneous multiparametric PET/MRI for the assessment of therapeutic response to chemotherapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy of cervical cancer patients: Preliminary results. Clin Imaging 2018; 49:163-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Viswanathan C, Faria S, Devine C, Patnana M, Sagebiel T, Iyer RB, Bhosale PR. [18F]-2-Fluoro-2-Deoxy-D-glucose-PET Assessment of Cervical Cancer. PET Clin 2018; 13:165-177. [PMID: 29482748 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpet.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This article provides an overview of PET in cervical cancer, primarily with regard to the use of 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose-PET/computed tomography. A brief discussion of upcoming technologies, such as PET/MR imaging, is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Viswanathan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1473, Houston, TX 77030-4008, USA.
| | - Silvana Faria
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1473, Houston, TX 77030-4008, USA
| | - Catherine Devine
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1473, Houston, TX 77030-4008, USA
| | - Madhavi Patnana
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1473, Houston, TX 77030-4008, USA
| | - Tara Sagebiel
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1473, Houston, TX 77030-4008, USA
| | - Revathy B Iyer
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1473, Houston, TX 77030-4008, USA
| | - Priya R Bhosale
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1473, Houston, TX 77030-4008, USA
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Tsuyoshi H, Yoshida Y. Diagnostic imaging using positron emission tomography for gynecological malignancy. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2017; 43:1687-1699. [DOI: 10.1111/jog.13436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Tsuyoshi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; University of Fukui; Fukui Japan
| | - Yoshio Yoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; University of Fukui; Fukui Japan
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Phase II trial of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by chemoradiation in locally advanced cervical cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2017; 146:560-565. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Comparison of 18F-FDG PET/MRI and MRI for pre-therapeutic tumor staging of patients with primary cancer of the uterine cervix. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2017; 45:67-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-017-3809-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Woo S, Suh CH, Kim SY, Cho JY, Kim SH. Magnetic resonance imaging for detection of parametrial invasion in cervical cancer: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature between 2012 and 2016. Eur Radiol 2017; 28:530-541. [PMID: 28726120 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-017-4958-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the diagnostic performance of MRI for detection of parametrial invasion (PMI) in cervical cancer patients. METHODS MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched for studies providing diagnostic performance of MRI for detecting PMI in patients with cervical cancer. Studies published between 2012 and 2016 using surgico-pathological results as reference standard were included. Study quality was evaluated using QUADAS-2. Sensitivity and specificity of all studies were calculated. Results were pooled and plotted in a hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic plot. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were performed. RESULTS Fourteen studies (1,028 patients) were included. Study quality was generally moderate. Pooled sensitivity was 0.76 (95% CI 0.67-0.84) and specificity was 0.94 (95% CI 0.91-0.95). The possibility of heterogeneity was considered low: Cochran's Q-test (p = 0.471), Tau2 (0.240), Higgins I2 (0%). With meta-regression analysis, magnet strength, use of DWI, and antispasmodic drugs were significant factors affecting heterogeneity (p < 0.01). Subgroup analysis for studies solely using radical hysterectomy as reference standard yielded pooled sensitivity and specificity of 0.73 (95% CI 0.60-0.83) and 0.93 (95% CI 0.90-0.95), respectively. CONCLUSIONS MRI shows good performance for detection of PMI in cervical cancer. Using 3-T scanners and DWI may improve diagnostic performance. KEY POINTS • MRI shows good performance for detection of parametrial invasion in cervical cancer. • Subgroup of studies using only radical hysterectomy showed consistent results. • Using 3-Tesla scanners and diffusion-weighted imaging may improve diagnostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungmin Woo
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong Hyun Suh
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 86 Asanbyeongwon-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 138-736, Republic of Korea.,Department of Radiology, Namwon Medical Center, 365, Chungjeong-ro, Namwon-si, Jeollabuk-do, 590-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Youn Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong Yeon Cho
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Radiation Medicine and Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyup Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Radiation Medicine and Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea
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Nie J, Zhang J, Gao J, Guo L, Zhou H, Hu Y, Zhu C, Li Q, Ma X. Diagnostic role of 18F-FDG PET/MRI in patients with gynecological malignancies of the pelvis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175401. [PMID: 28481958 PMCID: PMC5421770 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of 18F-FDG Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging (PET/MRI) for gynecological cancers of the pelvis, based on a systematic review and meta-analysis of published data. METHODS We performed a comprehensive literature search of Pubmed and Embase for studies that evaluated the diagnosis of 18F-FDG PET/MRI for gynecological malignancies in the pelvis. Quality Assessment for Studies of Diagnostic Accuracy 2 (QUADAS 2) tool was used to access the quality of included studies. After testing heterogeneity of the pooled studies with I^2 and H^2 (calculated using metaan in Stata12.0) we treated the data that extracted and transformation from the studies, based on DerSimonian-Laird method(Random-effects models),then back-transformation them to percentages and plotting to get the pooled sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, and constructed summary receiver operating characteristics (SROC) curve. RESULTS Eventually, 7 studies fulfilled our predefined inclusion criteria were included in our research. On patient-based assessment, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and diagnostic odds ratio of 18F-FDG PET/MRI for diagnosis of gynecological malignancies were 0.95 (95%CI 0.86-0.99), 0.95 (95% CI 0.74-1.00), 7.51 (95% CI 2.29-24.59), 0.12 (95% CI 0.05-0.29) and 116.27 (95% CI 17.07-791.74), respectively. On lesion-based assessment, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and the summary DOR were 0.89 (95%CI 0.84-0.93), 0.87 (95%CI 0.74-0.95), 6.99 (95%CI 3.30-14.79), 0.12 (95%CI 0.06-0.25) and 55.82 (95%CI 20.91-149.05), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis indicated that 18F-FDG PET/MRI, combined the advantages of MRI and PET, may be a very promising diagnostic method to assess the primary tumor and nodal staging in patients with gynecological malignancies of the pelvis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jinsheng Gao
- Oncology Department, Yilong County People’s Hospital, Chengdu,PR China
| | - Linghong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Hui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Chenjing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Qingfang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xuelei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
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Abstract
This article summarizes recent advances in PET/MR imaging in gynecologic cancers and the emerging clinical value of PET/MR imaging in the management of the 3 most common gynecologic malignancies: cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancers. PET/MR imaging offers superior soft tissue contrast, improved assessment of primary tumor involvement because of high-resolution multiplanar reformats, and functional MR techniques such as diffusion-weighted MR imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging. This article discusses the challenges, future directions, and technical advances of PET/MR imaging, and the emerging new multimodality, multiparametric imaging techniques for integrating morphologic, functional, and molecular imaging data.
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Oldan JD, Shah SN, Rose TL. Applications of PET/MR Imaging in Urogynecologic and Genitourinary Cancers. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2017; 25:335-350. [PMID: 28390533 DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Positron emission tomograph (PET)-magnetic resonance (MR) is a new modality combining PET and MR. In gynecologic cancers it can be used for staging of cervical and endometrial cancer, planning of radiation therapy in cervical cancer, assessing response to chemotherapy in ovarian cancer, and detection of recurrence in most gynecologic cancers. It is being explored for prostate cancer and other genitourinary cancers, but is still in experimental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge D Oldan
- Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chairman's Office, 2006 Old Clinic, CB# 7510, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Shetal N Shah
- Abdominal Imaging Section and Nuclear Medicine Department, Imaging Institute and Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Mail Code JB3, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
| | - Tracy Lynn Rose
- Hematology-Oncology, N.C. Cancer Hospital, 101 Manning Drive, Second Floor, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
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Multimodality imaging of locally recurrent and metastatic cervical cancer: emphasis on histology, prognosis, and management. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2016; 41:2496-2508. [PMID: 27357415 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-016-0825-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The management of recurrent and metastatic cervical cancer is evolving in concert with the available advanced imaging techniques and molecular targeted therapy. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of imaging and treatment of cervical cancer patients with locoregional recurrence and metastatic disease, with emphasis on characteristic patterns of spread based on histology (squamous cell carcinoma and other subtypes), prognostic factors, diagnosis, and treatment response assessment, as well as updated therapeutic options.
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Kusmirek J, Robbins J, Allen H, Barroilhet L, Anderson B, Sadowski EA. PET/CT and MRI in the imaging assessment of cervical cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 40:2486-511. [PMID: 25666968 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-015-0363-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Imaging plays a central role in the evaluation of patients with cervical cancer and helps guide treatment decisions. The purpose of this pictorial review is to describe magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) assessment of cervical cancer, including indications for imaging, important findings that may result in management change, as well as limitations of both modalities. The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics cervical cancer staging system does not officially include imaging; however, the organization endorses the use of MR imaging and PET/CT in the management of patients with cervical cancer where these modalities are available. MR imaging provides the best visualization of the primary tumor and extent of soft tissue disease. PET/CT is recommended for assessment of nodal involvement, as well as distant metastases. Both MR imaging and PET/CT are used to follow patients post-treatment to assess for recurrence. This review focuses on the current MR imaging and PET/CT protocols, the utility of these modalities in assessing primary tumors and recurrences, with emphasis on imaging findings which change management and on imaging pitfalls to avoid. It is important to be familiar with the MR imaging and PET/CT appearance of the primary tumor and metastasis, as well as the imaging pitfalls, so that an accurate assessment of disease burden is made prior to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kusmirek
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53792-3252, USA
| | - Jessica Robbins
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53792-3252, USA
| | - Hailey Allen
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53792-3252, USA
| | - Lisa Barroilhet
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53792-3252, USA
| | - Bethany Anderson
- Radiation Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53792-3252, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Sadowski
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53792-3252, USA. .,Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53792-3252, USA.
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Shen G, Hu S, Liu B, Kuang A. Diagnostic Performance of Whole-Body PET/MRI for Detecting Malignancies in Cancer Patients: A Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154497. [PMID: 27124545 PMCID: PMC4849712 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As an evolving imaging modality, PET/MRI is preliminarily applied in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of PET/MRI for tumor staging in patients with various types of cancer. Methods Relevant articles about PET/MRI for cancer staging were systematically searched in PubMed, EMBASE, EBSCO and the Cochrane Library. Two researchers independently selected studies, extracted data and assessed the methodological quality using the QUADAS tool. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), and negative likelihood ratio (NLR) were calculated per patient and per lesion. The summary receiver-operating characteristic (SROC) curves were also constructed, and the area under the curve (AUC) and Q* estimates were obtained. Results A total of 38 studies that involved 753 patients and 4234 lesions met the inclusion criteria. On a per-patient level, the pooled sensitivity and specificity with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were 0.93 (0.90–0.95) and 0.92 (0.89–0.95), respectively. On a per-lesion level, the corresponding estimates were 0.90 (0.88–0.92) and 0.95 (0.94–0.96), respectively. The pooled PLR, NLR and DOR estimates were 6.67 (4.83–9.19), 0.12 (0.07–0.21) and 75.08 (42.10–133.91) per patient and 10.91 (6.79–17.54), 0.13 (0.08–0.19) and 102.53 (59.74–175.97) per lesion, respectively. Conclusion According to our results, PET/MRI has excellent diagnostic potential for the overall detection of malignancies in cancer patients. Large, multicenter and prospective studies with standard scanning protocols are required to evaluate the diagnostic value of PET/MRI for individual cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Shen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Anren Kuang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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Kwon HW, Becker AK, Goo JM, Cheon GJ. FDG Whole-Body PET/MRI in Oncology: a Systematic Review. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2016; 51:22-31. [PMID: 28250855 DOI: 10.1007/s13139-016-0411-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent advance in hybrid imaging techniques enables offering simultaneous positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in various clinical fields. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET has been widely used for diagnosis and evaluation of oncologic patients. The growing evidence from research and clinical experiences demonstrated that PET/MRI with FDG can provide comparable or superior diagnostic performance more than conventional radiological imaging such as computed tomography (CT), MRI or PET/CT in various cancers. Combined analysis using structural information and functional/molecular information of tumors can draw additional diagnostic information based on PET/MRI. Further studies including determination of the diagnostic efficacy, optimizing the examination protocol, and analysis of the hybrid imaging results is necessary for extending the FDG PET/MRI application in clinical oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Woo Kwon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Cheonan, South Korea
| | | | - Jin Mo Goo
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gi Jeong Cheon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehang-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
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Paparo F, Piccardo A, Bacigalupo L, Piccazzo R, Rollandi L, Galletto Pregliasco A, Filauro M, DeCensi A, Rollandi GA. Multimodality fusion imaging in abdominal and pelvic malignancies: current applications and future perspectives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 40:2723-37. [PMID: 25952574 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-015-0435-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Medicine is evolving toward personalized care and this development entails the integration, amalgamation, and synchronized analysis of data from multiple sources. Multimodality fusion imaging refers to the simultaneous visualization of spatially aligned and juxtaposed medical images obtained by two or more image modalities. PET/MRI scanners and MMFI platforms are able to improve the diagnostic workflow in oncologic patients and provide exquisite images that aid physicians in the molecular profiling and characterization of tissues. Advanced navigation platforms involving real-time ultrasound are promising tools for guiding personalized and tailored mini-invasive interventional procedures on technically challenging targets. The main objective of the present essay was to describe the current applications and future perspectives of multimodality fusion imaging for both diagnostic and interventional purposes in the field of abdominal and pelvic malignancies. We also outlined the technical differences between fusion imaging achieved by means of simultaneous bimodal acquisition (i.e., integrated PET/MRI scanners), retrospective co-registration, and multimodality fusion imaging involving ultrafast or real-time imaging modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Paparo
- Unit of Radiology, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Mura della Cappuccine 14, 16128, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Arnoldo Piccardo
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Mura della Cappuccine 14, 16128, Genoa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Bacigalupo
- Unit of Radiology, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Mura della Cappuccine 14, 16128, Genoa, Italy
| | - Riccardo Piccazzo
- Unit of Radiology, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Mura della Cappuccine 14, 16128, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ludovica Rollandi
- Unit of Radiology, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Mura della Cappuccine 14, 16128, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Marco Filauro
- Department of General and Hepatobiliary Surgery, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Mura della Cappuccine 14, 16128, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea DeCensi
- Unit of Oncology, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Mura della Cappuccine 14, 16128, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gian Andrea Rollandi
- Unit of Radiology, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Mura della Cappuccine 14, 16128, Genoa, Italy
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Indeterminate Findings on Oncologic PET/CT: What Difference Does PET/MRI Make? Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2016; 50:292-299. [PMID: 27994684 DOI: 10.1007/s13139-016-0405-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) has become the standard of care for the initial staging and subsequent treatment response assessment of many different malignancies. Despite this success, PET/CT is often supplemented by MRI to improve assessment of local tumor invasion and to facilitate detection of lesions in organs with high background FDG uptake. Consequently, PET/MRI has the potential to expand the clinical value of PET examinations by increasing reader certainty and reducing the need for subsequent imaging. This study evaluates the ability of FDG-PET/MRI to clarify findings initially deemed indeterminate on clinical FDG-PET/CT studies. METHODS A total of 190 oncology patients underwent whole-body PET/CT, immediately followed by PET/MRI utilizing the same FDG administration. Each PET/CT was interpreted by our institution's nuclear medicine service as a standard-of-care clinical examination. Review of these PET/CT reports identified 31 patients (16 %) with indeterminate findings. Two readers evaluated all 31 PET/CT studies, followed by the corresponding PET/MRI studies. A consensus was reached for each case, and changes in interpretation directly resulting from PET/MRI review were recorded. Interpretations were then correlated with follow-up imaging, pathology results, and other diagnostic studies. RESULTS In 18 of 31 cases with indeterminate findings on PET/CT, PET/MRI resulted in a more definitive interpretation by facilitating the differentiation of infection/inflammation from malignancy (15/18), the accurate localization of FDG-avid lesions (2/18), and the characterization of incidental non-FDG-avid solid organ lesions (1/18). Explanations for improved reader certainty with PET/MRI included the superior soft tissue contrast of MRI and the ability to assess cellular density with diffusion-weighted imaging. The majority (12/18) of such cases had an appropriate standard of reference; in all 12 cases, the definitive PET/MRI interpretation proved correct. These 12 patients underwent six additional diagnostic studies to clarify the initial indeterminate PET/CT findings. In the remaining 13 of 31 cases with indeterminate findings on both PET/CT and PET/MRI, common reasons for uncertainty included the inability to distinguish reactive from malignant lymphadenopathy (4/13) and local recurrence from treatment effect (2/13). CONCLUSIONS Indeterminate PET/CT findings can result in equivocal reads and additional diagnostic studies. PET/MRI may reduce the rate of indeterminate findings by facilitating better tumor staging, FDG activity localization, and lesion characterization. In our study, PET/MRI resulted in more definitive imaging interpretations with high accuracy. PET/MRI also showed potential in reducing the number of additional diagnostic studies prompted by PET/CT findings. Our results suggest that whole-body PET/MRI provides certain diagnostic advantages over PET/CT, promotes more definitive imaging interpretations, and may improve the overall clinical utility of PET.
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Fraum TJ, Fowler KJ, McConathy J. Conspicuity of FDG-Avid Osseous Lesions on PET/MRI Versus PET/CT: a Quantitative and Visual Analysis. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2016; 50:228-39. [PMID: 27540427 DOI: 10.1007/s13139-016-0403-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because standard MRI-based attenuation correction (AC) does not account for the attenuation of photons by cortical bone, PET/MRI may have reduced sensitivity for FDG-avid focal bone lesions (FFBLs). This study evaluates whether MRI-based AC compromises detection of FFBLs, by comparing their conspicuity both quantitatively and qualitatively on PET/MRI versus PET/CT. METHODS One hundred ninety general oncology patients underwent whole-body PET/CT followed by whole-body PET/MRI, utilizing the same FDG dose. Thirteen patients with a total of 50 FFBLs were identified. Using automated contouring software, a volumetric contour was generated for each FFBL. Adjacent regions of normal background bone (BB) were selected manually. For each contour, SUV-max and SUV-mean were determined. Lesion-to-background SUV ratios served as quantitative metrics of conspicuity. Additionally, two blinded readers evaluated the relative conspicuity of FFBLs on PET images derived from MRI-based AC versus CT-based AC. Visibility of an anatomic correlate for FFBLs on the corresponding CT and MR images was also assessed. RESULTS SUV-mean was lower on PET/MRI for both FFBLs (-6.5 %, p = 0.009) and BB (-20.5 %, p < 0.001). SUV-max was lower on PET/MRI for BB (-14.2 %, p = 0.002) but not for FFBLs (-6.2 %, p = 0.068). The ratio of FFBL SUV-mean to BB SUV-mean was higher for PET/MRI (+29.5 %, p < 0.001). Forty of 50 lesions (80 %) were visually deemed to be of equal or greater conspicuity on PET images derived from PET/MRI. Thirty-five of 50 FFBLs (70 %) had CT correlates, while 40/50 FFBLs (80 %) had a correlate on at least one MRI sequence. The mean interval from tracer administration to imaging was longer (p < 0.001) for PET/MRI (127 v. 62 min). CONCLUSIONS Both FFBLs and BB had lower mean SUVs on PET/MRI than PET/CT. This finding was likely in part due to differences in the handling of cortical bone by MRI-based AC versus CT-based AC. Despite this systematic bias, FFBLs had greater conspicuity on PET/MRI, both qualitatively and quantitatively. This difference was likely due to the longer tracer uptake times for PET/MRI, which allowed for more tracer accumulation by FFBLs and more tracer washout from BB. Our results suggest that whole-body PET/MRI and PET/CT provide comparable sensitivity for detection of FDG-avid focal bone lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Fraum
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8131, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd., Saint Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Kathryn J Fowler
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8131, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd., Saint Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Jonathan McConathy
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8131, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd., Saint Louis, MO 63110 USA
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Fraum TJ, Fowler KJ, McConathy J. PET/MRI: Emerging Clinical Applications in Oncology. Acad Radiol 2016; 23:220-36. [PMID: 26521689 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET), commonly performed in conjunction with computed tomography (CT), has revolutionized oncologic imaging. PET/CT has become the standard of care for the initial staging and assessment of treatment response for many different malignancies. Despite this success, PET/CT is often supplemented by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which offers superior soft-tissue contrast and a means of assessing cellular density with diffusion-weighted imaging. Consequently, PET/MRI, the newest clinical hybrid imaging modality, has the potential to provide added value over PET/CT or MRI alone. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of the current body of literature pertaining to the clinical performance of PET/MRI, with the aim of summarizing current evidence and identifying gaps in knowledge to direct clinical expansion and future research. Multiple example cases are also provided to illustrate the central findings of these publications.
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