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Differences in visual information processing style between Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy with and without photosensitivity. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 122:108183. [PMID: 34252831 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recently, altered visual cortical processes i.e., lack of habituation to visual evoked potentials (VEP), has been highlighted in both photosensitive epilepsy and in a specific i.e., analytic mode of processing visual inputs. In this study we aimed at evaluating the relationship between photosensitivity (PS) and analytic style of processing visual information, in a sample of 30 patients with Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy (IGE) and matched healthy controls. METHODS At our Epilepsy unit of the Sapienza University of Rome, we consecutively enrolled 15 patients with IGE with PSand matched them with 15 patients with IGE without PS and 15 Healthy Volunteers. All patients underwent EEG recording in basal conditions during hyperventilation (3 Min), and intermittent light stimulation. The most effective frequencies comprised from 12 to 16 Hz. The instruments used to gather psychological cognitive behavioral data, consisted of participation in two tests: the Sternberg-Wagner Self-Assessment Inventory and the Mariani Learning Style Questionnaire. RESULTS Compared to controls, both IGE groups show significantly higher scores for the analytic style (One-way ANOVA, F(2,44) = 110.3, p < 0.0001). Epilepsy groups thereby showed very distinctive cognitive styles as measured with the Sternberg test. In the visual style, scores of the photosensitive Individuals with IGE were significantly higher than the non-photosensitive individuals with IGE (p < 0.0001, Tukey's post hoc test). CONCLUSIONS An association between analytic style of processing visual information and PS in IGE has been shown. The common neurophysiological features between these two factors, suggest the possibility to evaluate this cognitive behavior as a potential target for nonpharmacological therapeutic strategies in photosensitive epilepsy.
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Seizure triggered by flicker electroretinogram in a patient with no history of epilepsy. Doc Ophthalmol 2020; 142:389-393. [PMID: 33355884 PMCID: PMC8116242 DOI: 10.1007/s10633-020-09813-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose It is well known that repetitive flash stimulation may trigger seizures in susceptible individuals. Nevertheless, reports of such incidents occurring during recording of a flash electroretinogram (ERG) are extremely rare. Here, we describe the case of a photic-induced seizure triggered during an ERG recording in the absence of a history of epilepsy or other paroxysmal events. Methods A 14-year-old male patient presented with reduced visual acuity and impaired mesopic vision. Ophthalmological exams confirmed the patient’s complaints but were inconclusive as to the underlying pathophysiology. An ERG recording was performed, during which the 30-Hz flicker stimulus triggered a seizure. Results The ERG was essentially normal, with the exception of a 7-Hz rhythm superimposed onto the flicker ERG response that was recorded when the seizure developed. Conclusions The present case highlights the possibility that the 30-Hz ERG flash stimulus triggers a seizure in patients with no previous paroxysmal events. Literature evidence suggests that the likelihood of such an incident could be reduced by stimulating monocularly.
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Ranieri F, Coppola G, Musumeci G, Capone F, Di Pino G, Parisi V, Di Lazzaro V. Evidence for associative plasticity in the human visual cortex. Brain Stimul 2019; 12:705-713. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2019.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Dziadkowiak E, Podemski R. Impact of Hyperventilation and Sleep Deprivation Upon Visual Evoked Potentials in Patients with Epilepsy. Neurol India 2019; 67:1027-1032. [DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.266246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Algin Dİ, Erdinç OO. Impaired Visual Habituation in Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy with Photosensitivity Patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 57:108-112. [PMID: 32550775 DOI: 10.29399/npa.23047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Introduction In this study, our goal was to analyze further the cortical excitability levels in idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) patients with and without photosensitivity. Methods Forty-two patients (16 men and 26 women; mean age 30±8 years; range: 18-43 years) with IGE and thirty healthy age-matched control subjects (15 men and 15 women; mean age 35±3 years; range: 20-45 years) were enrolled for the investigation. We investigated the following two groups: 18 subjects with IGE with photosensitivity (IGE+PS), and 24 patients with IGE without photosensitivity (IGE-PS). Pattern reversal and potential inter-peak amplitudes, N75-P100 and P100-N145, as well as the corresponding latencies (N75, P100, and N145) for one hundred responses were measured 6 times. A linear regression slope was used for N75-P100 and P100-N145. Results Statistical analysis showed difference between groups where the IGE+PS had reduced N75-P100 compared to IGE-PS and controls. In IGE+PS group, the amplitude of N75-P100 was drastically reduced receiving antiepileptic therapy compared to those not receiving any anti-epileptic treatment (p=0.035). Conclusion These results show that the IGE+PS group has a different photoparoxysmal response phenotype driven by an unknown and distinct molecular mechanism. Pre-activation cortical excitability may be increased in IGE+PS patients compared to the IGE-PS or in healthy group. PR-VEP habituation may project the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying photosensitivity and it may be potential biomarker in patients with IGE+PS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demet İlhan Algin
- Department of Neurology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Oğuz Osman Erdinç
- Department of Neurology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir, Turkey
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Buonfiglio M, Di Sabato F, Mandillo S, Albini M, Di Bonaventura C, Giallonardo A, Avanzini G. Analytic information processing style in epilepsy patients. Epilepsy Behav 2017; 73:18-22. [PMID: 28605629 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Relevant to the study of epileptogenesis is learning processing, given the pivotal role that neuroplasticity assumes in both mechanisms. Recently, evoked potential analyses showed a link between analytic cognitive style and altered neural excitability in both migraine and healthy subjects, regardless of cognitive impairment or psychological disorders. In this study we evaluated analytic/global and visual/auditory perceptual dimensions of cognitive style in patients with epilepsy. Twenty-five cryptogenic temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients matched with 25 idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) sufferers and 25 healthy volunteers were recruited and participated in three cognitive style tests: "Sternberg-Wagner Self-Assessment Inventory", the C. Cornoldi test series called AMOS, and the Mariani Learning style Questionnaire. Our results demonstrate a significant association between analytic cognitive style and both IGE and TLE and respectively a predominant auditory and visual analytic style (ANOVA: p values <0,0001). These findings should encourage further research to investigate information processing style and its neurophysiological correlates in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Buonfiglio
- Department of Clinical Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesco Di Sabato
- Department of Clinical Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Mandillo
- CNR - Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology - Roma, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo, Italy
| | - Mariarita Albini
- Epilepsy Unit, Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Di Bonaventura
- Epilepsy Unit, Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Annateresa Giallonardo
- Epilepsy Unit, Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuliano Avanzini
- Department of Neurophysiology, Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milano, Italy
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McDiarmid TA, Bernardos AC, Rankin CH. Habituation is altered in neuropsychiatric disorders-A comprehensive review with recommendations for experimental design and analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 80:286-305. [PMID: 28579490 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Abnormalities in the simplest form of learning, habituation, have been reported in a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders as etiologically diverse as Autism Spectrum Disorder, Fragile X syndrome, Schizophrenia, Parkinson's Disease, Huntington's Disease, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Tourette's Syndrome, and Migraine. Here we provide the first comprehensive review of what is known about alterations in this form of non-associative learning in each disorder. Across several disorders, abnormal habituation is predictive of symptom severity, highlighting the clinical significance of habituation and its importance to normal cognitive function. Abnormal habituation is discussed within the greater framework of learning theory and how it may relate to disease phenotype either as a cause, symptom, or therapy. Important considerations for the design and interpretation of habituation experiments are outlined with the hope that these will aid both clinicians and basic researchers investigating how this simple form of learning is altered in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Troy A McDiarmid
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada; Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Rm F221, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Aram C Bernardos
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada; Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Rm F221, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Catharine H Rankin
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada; Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Rm F221, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 2B5, Canada.
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Taoufiqi FZ, Mounach J, Satte A, Ouhabi H, El Hessni A. IPS Interest in the EEG of Patients after a Single Epileptic Seizure. NEUROSCIENCE JOURNAL 2016; 2016:5050278. [PMID: 27635393 PMCID: PMC5011226 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5050278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective. This study aims to evaluate the incidence of pathological cerebral activity responses to intermittent rhythmic photic stimulation (IPS) after a single epileptic seizure. Patients and Methods. One hundred and thirty-seven EEGs were performed at the Neurophysiology Department of Mohamed V Teaching Military Hospital in Rabat. Clinical and EEG data was collected. Results. 9.5% of our patients had photoparoxysmal discharges (PPD). Incidence was higher in males than in females, but p value was not significant (p = 0.34), and it was higher in children compared to adults with significant p value (p = 0.08). The most epileptogenic frequencies were within the range 15-20 Hz. 63 patients had an EEG after 72 hours; among them 11 were photosensitive (p = 0.001). The frequency of the PPR was significantly higher in patients with generalized abnormalities than in focal abnormalities (p = 0.001). EEG confirmed a genetic generalized epilepsy in 8 cases among 13 photosensitive patients. Conclusion. PPR is age related. The frequencies within the range 15-20 Hz should inevitably be included in EEG protocols. The presence of PPR after a first seizure is probably more in favor of generalized seizure rather than the other type of seizure. PPR seems independent from the delay Seizure-EEG. Our study did not show an association between sex and photosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Zahra Taoufiqi
- Unit of Nervous and Endocrine Physiology, Laboratory of Genetics and Neuroendocrine Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, PB 133, 14000 Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Jamal Mounach
- Neurophysiology Department, Mohamed V Teaching Military Hospital, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Amal Satte
- Neurophysiology Department, Mohamed V Teaching Military Hospital, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Hamid Ouhabi
- Service of Neurology, Cheikh Khalifa Hospital, Casablanca 82403, Morocco
| | - Aboubaker El Hessni
- Unit of Nervous and Endocrine Physiology, Laboratory of Genetics and Neuroendocrine Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, PB 133, 14000 Kenitra, Morocco
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Zanini S, Martucci L, Del Piero I, Restuccia D. Cortical hyper-excitability in healthy children: evidence from habituation and recovery cycle phenomena of somatosensory evoked potentials. Dev Med Child Neurol 2016; 58:855-60. [PMID: 26899290 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.13072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare neurophysiological parameters of central nervous system excitability in healthy children/adolescents with those of healthy adults. METHOD Two experimental protocols were used in 19 healthy children/adolescents (10 males and 9 females, mean age 9y 11mo [SD 2y 9mo], range 5-15y) and 19 healthy adults (8 males and 11 females, mean age 36y 6mo [SD 7y 9mo], range 27-51y). First, we administered repetitive trains of innocuous electrical stimulation of the median nerve and analysed habituation (progressive attenuation) of the cervical and cortical responses. Second, we administered several blocks of two closely timed electrical innocuous stimuli of the median nerve (with interstimulus intervals set at 5, 10, and 20ms in each block) and analysed the recovery index (the percentage of the response to the second stimulus with respect to that to the first). RESULTS Clear-cut neurophysiological signs of cortical hyper-excitability were found in children/adolescents but not in adults. In contrast with the adults, the children/adolescents did not attenuate cortical responses to repetitive stimulation, and presented with extremely shortened recovery cycle. At baseline, both groups presented with comparable cortical responses. INTERPRETATION Healthy children/adolescents present cortical hyper-excitability compared with healthy adults. These findings agree with previous findings that show an overall imbalance of excitatory and inhibitory neuronal and neurochemical mechanisms in favour of excitatory ones, in the healthy developing cerebral cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Domenico Restuccia
- Department of Neurosciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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Altered recovery from inhibitory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in subjects with photosensitive epilepsy. Clin Neurophysiol 2016; 127:3353-61. [PMID: 27407061 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2016.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate functional changes underlying photosensitivity, we studied the response of the visual cortex to low-frequency, inhibitory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in drug-free patients with photosensitive seizures and healthy volunteers. METHODS Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) triggered by grating stimuli of different contrasts were recorded in both hemispheres before and after transient functional inactivation of the occipital cortex of one side via low-frequency rTMS (0.5Hz for 20'). VEPs were recorded before (T0), immediately after (T1) and 45' following the completion of rTMS (T2). RESULTS Baseline amplitudes of the early VEP components (N1 and P1) were enhanced in photosensitive patients. At T1, rTMS produced an inhibitory effect on VEPs amplitudes at all contrasts in the targeted side and a concurrent facilitation of responses in the contralateral hemisphere. Compared with PSE subjects, VEP amplitudes remained persistently dampened in the stimulated hemisphere of controls (Holm-Sidak post-hoc method, p<0.05). In the contralateral hemisphere, we found a clear enhancement of VEP amplitude in photosensitive subjects but not controls at T2 (Holm-Sidak test, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Visual responses recovered more quickly in the stimulated hemisphere, and disinhibition persisted in the contralateral side of photosensitive subjects. SIGNIFICANCE The rapid recovery of excitability and the persistent transcallosal disinhibition following perturbation of cortical activity may play a role in the pathophysiology of photosensitive epilepsy.
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Ambrosini A. Controversies about the role of the deficit of habituation of evoked potentials in migraine: a disease biomarker? PROS. J Headache Pain 2015; 16:A14. [PMID: 28132374 PMCID: PMC4715102 DOI: 10.1186/1129-2377-16-s1-a14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Buonfiglio M, Toscano M, Puledda F, Avanzini G, Di Clemente L, Di Sabato F, Di Piero V. Lack of habituation of evoked visual potentials in analytic information processing style: evidence in healthy subjects. Neurol Sci 2014; 36:391-5. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-014-1962-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Perry G, Brindley LM, Muthukumaraswamy SD, Singh KD, Hamandi K. Evidence for increased visual gamma responses in photosensitive epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2014; 108:1076-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2014.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 04/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Hong Q, Fang G, Liu TT, Guan XH, Xiang HB, Liu Z. Posterior pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus may be involved in visual complaints with intractable epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2014; 34:55-7. [PMID: 24704565 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingxiong Hong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Guangguang Fang
- Department of Gynecology, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Tao-Tao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Xue-Hai Guan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Hong-Bing Xiang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China.
| | - Zhiheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Guandong Province, PR China.
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Irimia A, Erhart MJ, Brown TT. Variability of magnetoencephalographic sensor sensitivity measures as a function of age, brain volume and cortical area. Clin Neurophysiol 2014; 125:1973-84. [PMID: 24589347 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2014.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the feasibility and appropriateness of magnetoencephalography (MEG) for both adult and pediatric studies, as well as for the developmental comparison of these factors across a wide range of ages. METHODS For 45 subjects with ages from 1 to 24years (infants, toddlers, school-age children and young adults), lead fields (LFs) of MEG sensors are computed using anatomically realistic boundary element models (BEMs) and individually-reconstructed cortical surfaces. Novel metrics are introduced to quantify MEG sensor focality. RESULTS The variability of MEG focality is graphed as a function of brain volume and cortical area. Statistically significant differences in total cerebral volume, cortical area, MEG global sensitivity and LF focality are found between age groups. CONCLUSIONS Because MEG focality and sensitivity differ substantially across the age groups studied, the cortical LF maps explored here can provide important insights for the examination and interpretation of MEG signals from early childhood to young adulthood. SIGNIFICANCE This is the first study to (1) investigate the relationship between MEG cortical LFs and brain volume as well as cortical area across development, and (2) compare LFs between subjects with different head sizes using detailed cortical reconstructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Irimia
- Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Matthew J Erhart
- Multimodal Imaging Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, CA 92037, USA; Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Timothy T Brown
- Multimodal Imaging Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, CA 92037, USA; Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, CA 92037, USA.
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Magis D, Vigano A, Sava S, d'Elia TS, Schoenen J, Coppola G. Pearls and pitfalls: electrophysiology for primary headaches. Cephalalgia 2014; 33:526-39. [PMID: 23671250 DOI: 10.1177/0333102413477739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary headaches are functional neurological diseases characterized by a dynamic cyclic pattern over time (ictal/pre-/interictal). Electrophysiological recordings can non-invasively assess the activity of an underlying nervous structure or measure its response to various stimuli, and are therefore particularly appropriate for the study of primary headaches. Their interest, however, is chiefly pathophysiological, as interindividual, and to some extent intraindividual, variations preclude their use as diagnostic tools. AIM OF THE WORK This article will review the most important findings of electrophysiological studies in primary headache pathophysiology, especially migraine on which numerous studies have been published. RESULTS In migraine, the most reproducible hallmark is the interictal lack of neuronal habituation to the repetition of various types of sensory stimulations. The mechanism subtending this phenomenon remains uncertain, but it could be the consequence of a thalamocortical dysrythmia that results in a reduced cortical preactivation level. In tension-type headache as well as in cluster headache, there seems to be an impairment of central pain-controlling mechanisms but the studies are scarce and their outcomes are contradictory. The discrepancies between studies might be as a result of methodological differences as well as patients' dissimilarities, which are also discussed. CONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTIVES Electrophysiology is complementary to functional neuroimaging and will undoubtedly remain an important tool in headache research. One of its upcoming applications is to help select neurostimulation techniques and protocols that correct best the functional abnormalities detectable in certain headache disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Magis
- Headache Research Unit, University Department of Neurology, CHR Citadelle, Liege 4000, Belgium.
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Bir LS, Degirmenci E, Erdogan C. Lack of Visual Habituation in Multiple Sclerosis: An Electrophysiological Study. Neuroophthalmology 2013; 37:7-11. [PMID: 28163749 DOI: 10.3109/01658107.2012.753911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to investigate habituation of pattern-reversal visually evoked potentials (VEPs) in patients with relapsing remitting (RR) multiple sclerosis (MS). Twenty-one patients with this diagnosis and with a history of optic neuritis (ON), 29 such patients without a history of ON, and 25 normal controls were enrolled to study. One eye of each patient in the group with a history of ON and one eye of each subject in the control group was randomly selected. In the group with a past history of ON, the affected eye of the patients was selected in unilateral cases and the eye in which showed the greater latency delay of the P100 component in bilateral cases. P100 amplitudes were determined by visual inspection in 10 blocks of 512 responses and habituation was analysed as the percentage amplitude change between the 1st and 2nd-10th blocks. Amplitude of the P100 component of the VEP showed a significant clear-cut habituation after the first block in the control group but neither patient group showed a significant decrease in P100 amplitude. We conclude that our electrophysiological study has shown a lack of habituation in patients suffering from RR MS. This result could be important for the evaluation of visual system involvement in patients with MS, with or without a previous history of ON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levent Sinan Bir
- Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Pamukkale University Denizli Turkey
| | - Eylem Degirmenci
- Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Pamukkale University Denizli Turkey
| | - Cagdas Erdogan
- Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Pamukkale University Denizli Turkey
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Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenité D, Parisi P. Migraine in the borderland of epilepsy: “Migralepsy” an overlapping syndrome of children and adults? Epilepsia 2012; 53 Suppl 7:20-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03711.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Strigaro G, Prandi P, Varrasi C, Monaco F, Cantello R. Defective visual inhibition in photosensitive idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Epilepsia 2012; 53:695-704. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03411.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenité D, Rubboli G, Hirsch E, Martins da Silva A, Seri S, Wilkins A, Parra J, Covanis A, Elia M, Capovilla G, Stephani U, Harding G. Methodology of photic stimulation revisited: Updated European algorithm for visual stimulation in the EEG laboratory. Epilepsia 2011; 53:16-24. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03319.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lopes da Silva FH, Harding GFA. Transition to seizure in photosensitive epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2011; 97:278-82. [PMID: 22071550 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2011] [Revised: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 10/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Photosensitive epilepsy (PSE) offers a highly reproducible model to investigate whether changes in neuronal activity preceding the transition to an epileptic photoparoxysmal response (PPR) may be detected. We investigated this possibility in patients with idiopathic PSE using MEG, as well as normal controls and non-photosensitive epileptic patients of the same age group. Spectral analysis of the MEG signals recorded during intermittent light stimulation revealed relevant information in the phase spectrum. To quantify this effect, we introduced a second order response feature of the stimulus-triggered visual response preceding the PPR: the phase clustering index, which measures how close the phases of successive periods are grouped for each frequency component for all periods of the stimuli applied. We found that an enhancement of phase synchrony in the gamma-band (30-120Hz), harmonically related to the frequency of stimulation, preceded the stimulation trials that evolved into PPRs, and differed significantly from that encountered in trials not followed by PPR or in control subjects. Thus this index can be considered a valuable index of the pro-ictal transition to seizures in photosensitive epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando H Lopes da Silva
- Center of Neurosciences, Swammerdam Institute of Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Kamer C3-269, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Brandão AS, Felix LB, Cavalieri DC, de Sá AMFLM, Bastos-Filho TF, Sarcinelli-Filho M. Controlling Devices Using Biological Signals. INT J ADV ROBOT SYST 2011. [DOI: 10.5772/10665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowing that the driving task of a conventional wheelchair could be difficult or even impossible for impairment people, this work presents an overview of some strategies developed to aid these people. Within this context, a myoelectrical eye-blink and an iris tracking system to guide a robotic wheelchair are briefly described. Futhermore, some comments about EEG-based systems are also presented. Finally, it is presented a robotic wheelchair navigation system capable to reach a desired pose in a planar environment while avoiding static and dynamic obstacles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonardo Bonato Felix
- Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniel Cruz Cavalieri
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mário Sarcinelli-Filho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Brazil
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