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Drane DL, Pedersen NP, Sabsevitz DS, Block C, Dickey AS, Alwaki A, Kheder A. Cognitive and Emotional Mapping With SEEG. Front Neurol 2021; 12:627981. [PMID: 33912122 PMCID: PMC8072290 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.627981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mapping of cortical functions is critical for the best clinical care of patients undergoing epilepsy and tumor surgery, but also to better understand human brain function and connectivity. The purpose of this review is to explore existing and potential means of mapping higher cortical functions, including stimulation mapping, passive mapping, and connectivity analyses. We examine the history of mapping, differences between subdural and stereoelectroencephalographic approaches, and some risks and safety aspects, before examining different types of functional mapping. Much of this review explores the prospects for new mapping approaches to better understand other components of language, memory, spatial skills, executive, and socio-emotional functions. We also touch on brain-machine interfaces, philosophical aspects of aligning tasks to brain circuits, and the study of consciousness. We end by discussing multi-modal testing and virtual reality approaches to mapping higher cortical functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L. Drane
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Emory Epilepsy Center, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Nigel P. Pedersen
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Emory Epilepsy Center, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - David S. Sabsevitz
- Department of Psychology and Psychiatry, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Cady Block
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Adam S. Dickey
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Abdulrahman Alwaki
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Ammar Kheder
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
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2
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Roland JL, Hacker CD, Leuthardt EC. A Review of Passive Brain Mapping Techniques in Neurological Surgery. Neurosurgery 2020; 88:15-24. [DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyaa361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Brain mapping is a quintessential part of neurosurgical practice. Accordingly, much of our understanding of the brain's functional organization, and in particular the motor homunculus, is largely attributable to the clinical investigations of past neurosurgeons. Traditionally mapping was invasive and involved the application of electrical current to the exposed brain to observe focal disruption of function or to elicit overt actions. More recently, a wide variety of techniques have been developed that do not require electrical stimulation and often do not require any explicit participation by the subject. Collectively we refer to these as passive mapping modalities. Here we review the spectrum of passive mapping used by neurosurgeons for mapping and surgical planning that ranges from invasive intracranial recordings to noninvasive imaging as well as regimented task-based protocols to completely task-free paradigms that can be performed intraoperatively while under anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarod L Roland
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Carl D Hacker
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Eric C Leuthardt
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
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Jiang T, Pellizzer G, Asman P, Bastos D, Bhavsar S, Tummala S, Prabhu S, Ince NF. Power Modulations of ECoG Alpha/Beta and Gamma Bands Correlate With Time-Derivative of Force During Hand Grasp. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:100. [PMID: 32116533 PMCID: PMC7033626 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well-known that motor cortical oscillatory components are modulated in their amplitude during voluntary and imagined movements. These patterns have been used to develop brain-machine interfaces (BMI) which focused mostly on movement kinematics. In contrast, there have been only a few studies on the relation between brain oscillatory activity and the control of force, in particular, grasping force, which is of primary importance for common daily activities. In this study, we recorded intraoperative high-density electrocorticography (ECoG) from the sensorimotor cortex of four patients while they executed a voluntary isometric hand grasp following verbal instruction. The grasp was held for 2 to 3 s before being instructed to relax. We studied the power modulations of neural oscillations during the whole time-course of the grasp (onset, hold, and offset phases). Phasic event-related desynchronization (ERD) in the low-frequency band (LFB) from 8 to 32 Hz and event-related synchronization (ERS) in the high-frequency band (HFB) from 60 to 200 Hz were observed at grasp onset and offset. However, during the grasp holding period, the magnitude of LFB-ERD and HFB-ERS decreased near or at the baseline level. Overall, LFB-ERD and HFB-ERS show phasic characteristics related to the changes of grasp force (onset/offset) in all four patients. More precisely, the fluctuations of HFB-ERS primarily, and of LFB-ERD to a lesser extent, correlated with the time-course of the first time-derivative of force (yank), rather than with force itself. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that establishes such a correlation. These results have fundamental implications for the decoding of grasp in brain oscillatory activity-based neuroprosthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiao Jiang
- Clinical Neural Engineering Lab, Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Giuseppe Pellizzer
- Research Service, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, MN, United States
| | - Priscella Asman
- Clinical Neural Engineering Lab, Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Dhiego Bastos
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Shreyas Bhavsar
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sudhakar Tummala
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sujit Prabhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nuri F Ince
- Clinical Neural Engineering Lab, Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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Soloukey S, Vincent AJPE, Satoer DD, Mastik F, Smits M, Dirven CMF, Strydis C, Bosch JG, van der Steen AFW, De Zeeuw CI, Koekkoek SKE, Kruizinga P. Functional Ultrasound (fUS) During Awake Brain Surgery: The Clinical Potential of Intra-Operative Functional and Vascular Brain Mapping. Front Neurosci 2020; 13:1384. [PMID: 31998060 PMCID: PMC6962116 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Oncological neurosurgery relies heavily on making continuous, intra-operative tumor-brain delineations based on image-guidance. Limitations of currently available imaging techniques call for the development of real-time image-guided resection tools, which allow for reliable functional and anatomical information in an intra-operative setting. Functional ultrasound (fUS), is a new mobile neuro-imaging tool with unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution, which allows for the detection of small changes in blood dynamics that reflect changes in metabolic activity of activated neurons through neurovascular coupling. We have applied fUS during conventional awake brain surgery to determine its clinical potential for both intra-operative functional and vascular brain mapping, with the ultimate aim of achieving maximum safe tumor resection. Methods During awake brain surgery, fUS was used to image tumor vasculature and task-evoked brain activation with electrocortical stimulation mapping (ESM) as a gold standard. For functional imaging, patients were presented with motor, language or visual tasks, while the probe was placed over (ESM-defined) functional brain areas. For tumor vascular imaging, tumor tissue (pre-resection) and tumor resection cavity (post-resection) were imaged by moving the hand-held probe along a continuous trajectory over the regions of interest. Results A total of 10 patients were included, with predominantly intra-parenchymal frontal and temporal lobe tumors of both low and higher histopathological grades. fUS was able to detect (ESM-defined) functional areas deep inside the brain for a range of functional tasks including language processing. Brain tissue could be imaged at a spatial and temporal resolution of 300 μm and 1.5-2.0 ms respectively, revealing real-time tumor-specific, and healthy vascular characteristics. Conclusion The current study presents the potential of applying fUS during awake brain surgery. We illustrate the relevance of fUS for awake brain surgery based on its ability to capture both task-evoked functional cortical responses as well as differences in vascular characteristics between tumor and healthy tissue. As current neurosurgical practice is still pre-dominantly leaning on inherently limited pre-operative imaging techniques for tumor resection-guidance, fUS enters the scene as a promising alternative that is both anatomically and physiologically informative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Soloukey
- Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Djaina D Satoer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Frits Mastik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thorax Centre, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marion Smits
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Johannes G Bosch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thorax Centre, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Chris I De Zeeuw
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Dutch Academy for Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Pieter Kruizinga
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thorax Centre, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Neshige S, Kobayashi K, Matsuhashi M, Hitomi T, Shimotake A, Kikuchi T, Yoshida K, Kunieda T, Matsumoto R, Miyamoto S, Takahashi R, Maruyama H, Ikeda A. A rational, multispectral mapping algorithm for primary motor cortex: A primary step before cortical stimulation. Epilepsia 2019; 60:547-559. [PMID: 30790267 DOI: 10.1111/epi.14669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE For future artificial intelligence-based brain mapping, development of a rational and safe scoring system for a brain motor mapping algorithm using electrocorticography (ECoG score), which contains various spectral, purely intrinsic brain activities, is necessary for either before or in the absence of electrical cortical stimulation (ECS). METHODS We evaluated 1114 electrodes of 10 consecutive focal epilepsy patients who underwent subdural electrode implantation before epilepsy surgery at Kyoto University Hospital during 2011-2017. Data from ECoG-based mapping (bandpass filter of 0.016-300/600 Hz) to define the primary motor area (M1) localization were used to create an ECoG score (range = 0-4) by assigning 1 point each for the occurrence of ECoG components: very slow movement-related cortical potentials (<0.5-1.0 Hz), event-related synchronization (76-100 Hz or 100-200 Hz), and event-related desynchronization (8-12 Hz or 12-24 Hz). The ECoG score was assessed by calculating the sensitivity, specificity, and cutoff values of the score for localization concordance with M1 defined using only ECS as a reference. RESULTS With an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.76, cutoffs of scores of 4 and 1 showed high specificity (94%) and sensitivity (98%) in concordance with ECS-based mapping, respectively. The ECoG score for mapping M1 of the upper limb achieved greater accuracy (AUC = 0.85) compared to that of the face (AUC = 0.64). SIGNIFICANCE The ECoG score proposed in the present study is rational, simple, and useful to define M1, and it is spatially concordant with ECS. Although ECS is still widely employed for presurgical examination, our proposed application of the ECoG score may be suitable for future brain M1 mapping, and possibly beyond M1 mapping, independently of ECS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichiro Neshige
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Katsuya Kobayashi
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masao Matsuhashi
- Department of Epilepsy, Movement Disorders, and Physiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takefumi Hitomi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Shimotake
- Department of Epilepsy, Movement Disorders, and Physiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kikuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazumichi Yoshida
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeharu Kunieda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Noon, Japan
| | - Riki Matsumoto
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Susumu Miyamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Maruyama
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akio Ikeda
- Department of Epilepsy, Movement Disorders, and Physiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Swift JR, Coon WG, Guger C, Brunner P, Bunch M, Lynch T, Frawley B, Ritaccio AL, Schalk G. Passive functional mapping of receptive language areas using electrocorticographic signals. Clin Neurophysiol 2018; 129:2517-2524. [PMID: 30342252 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To validate the use of passive functional mapping using electrocorticographic (ECoG) broadband gamma signals for identifying receptive language cortex. METHODS We mapped language function in 23 patients using ECoG and using electrical cortical stimulation (ECS) in a subset of 15 subjects. RESULTS The qualitative comparison between cortical sites identified by ECoG and ECS show a high concordance. A quantitative comparison indicates a high level of sensitivity (95%) and a lower level of specificity (59%). Detailed analysis reveals that 82% of all cortical sites identified by ECoG were within one contact of a site identified by ECS. CONCLUSIONS These results show that passive functional mapping reliably localizes receptive language areas, and that there is a substantial concordance between the ECoG- and ECS-based methods. They also point to a more refined understanding of the differences between ECoG- and ECS-based mappings. This refined understanding helps to clarify the instances in which the two methods disagree and can explain why neurosurgical practice has established the concept of a "safety margin." SIGNIFICANCE Passive functional mapping using ECoG signals provides a fast, robust, and reliable method for identifying receptive language areas without many of the risks and limitations associated with ECS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Swift
- g.tec neurotechnology USA, Rensselaer, NY, USA; Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA; National Ctr. for Adaptive Neurotechnologies, Wadsworth Center, NY State Dept. of Health, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - W G Coon
- g.tec neurotechnology USA, Rensselaer, NY, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Dept. of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; National Ctr. for Adaptive Neurotechnologies, Wadsworth Center, NY State Dept. of Health, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - C Guger
- g.tec neurotechnology USA, Rensselaer, NY, USA.
| | - P Brunner
- Dept. of Neurology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA; National Ctr. for Adaptive Neurotechnologies, Wadsworth Center, NY State Dept. of Health, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - M Bunch
- Dept. of Neurology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - T Lynch
- Dept. of Neurology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - B Frawley
- Dept. of Neurology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - A L Ritaccio
- Dept. of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA; National Ctr. for Adaptive Neurotechnologies, Wadsworth Center, NY State Dept. of Health, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - G Schalk
- Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA; Dept. of Neurology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA; National Ctr. for Adaptive Neurotechnologies, Wadsworth Center, NY State Dept. of Health, Albany, NY, USA.
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7
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Electrical Stimulation Mapping of the Brain: Basic Principles and Emerging Alternatives. J Clin Neurophysiol 2018; 35:86-97. [PMID: 29499015 DOI: 10.1097/wnp.0000000000000440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of electrical stimulation mapping (ESM) of the brain for clinical use is approximating a century. Despite this long-standing history, the value of ESM for guiding surgical resections and sparing eloquent cortex is documented largely by small retrospective studies, and ESM protocols are largely inherited and lack standardization. Although models are imperfect and mechanisms are complex, the probabilistic causality of ESM has guaranteed its perpetuation into the 21st century. At present, electrical stimulation of cortical tissue is being revisited for network connectivity. In addition, noninvasive and passive mapping techniques are rapidly evolving to complement and potentially replace ESM in specific clinical situations. Lesional and epilepsy neurosurgery cases now offer different opportunities for multimodal functional assessments.
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Neshige S, Matsuhashi M, Kobayashi K, Sakurai T, Shimotake A, Hitomi T, Kikuchi T, Yoshida K, Kunieda T, Matsumoto R, Takahashi R, Miyamoto S, Maruyama H, Matsumoto M, Ikeda A. Multi-component intrinsic brain activities as a safe alternative to cortical stimulation for sensori-motor mapping in neurosurgery. Clin Neurophysiol 2018; 129:2038-2048. [PMID: 29935961 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the feasibility of multi-component electrocorticography (ECoG)-based mapping using "wide-spectrum, intrinsic-brain activities" for identifying the primary sensori-motor area (S1-M1). METHODS We evaluated 14 epilepsy patients with 1514 subdural electrodes implantation covering the perirolandic cortices at Kyoto University Hospital between 2011 and 2016. We performed multi-component, ECoG-based mapping (band-pass filter, 0.016-300/600 Hz) involving combined analyses of the single components: movement-related cortical potential (<0.5-1 Hz), event-related synchronization (76-200 Hz), and event-related de-synchronization (8-24 Hz) to identify the S1-M1. The feasibility of multi-component mapping was assessed through comparisons with single-component mapping and electrical cortical stimulation (ECS). RESULTS Among 54 functional areas evaluation, ECoG-based maps showed significantly higher rate of localization concordances with ECS maps when the three single-component maps were consistent than when those were inconsistent with each other (p < 0.001 in motor, and p = 0.02 in sensory mappings). Multi-component mapping revealed high sensitivity (89-90%) and specificity (94-97%) as compared with ECS. CONCLUSIONS Wide-spectrum, multi-component ECoG-based mapping is feasible, having high sensitivity/specificity relative to ECS. SIGNIFICANCE This safe (non-stimulus) mapping strategy, alternative to ECS, would allow clinicians to rule in/out the possibility of brain function prior to resection surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichiro Neshige
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Japan
| | - Masao Matsuhashi
- Human Brain Research Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Katsuya Kobayashi
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takeyo Sakurai
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Akihiro Shimotake
- Department of Epilepsy, Movement Disorders and Physiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takefumi Hitomi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kikuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kazumichi Yoshida
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takeharu Kunieda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Riki Matsumoto
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Susumu Miyamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Maruyama
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Japan
| | - Masayasu Matsumoto
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Japan
| | - Akio Ikeda
- Department of Epilepsy, Movement Disorders and Physiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
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Jiang T, Liu S, Pellizzer G, Aydoseli A, Karamursel S, Sabanci PA, Sencer A, Gurses C, Ince NF. Characterization of Hand Clenching in Human Sensorimotor Cortex Using High-, and Ultra-High Frequency Band Modulations of Electrocorticogram. Front Neurosci 2018. [PMID: 29535603 PMCID: PMC5835101 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional mapping of eloquent cortex before the resection of a tumor is a critical procedure for optimizing survival and quality of life. In order to locate the hand area of the motor cortex in two patients with low-grade gliomas (LGG), we recorded electrocorticogram (ECoG) from a 113 channel hybrid high-density grid (64 large contacts with diameter of 2.7 mm and 49 small contacts with diameter of 1 mm) while they executed hand clenching movements. We investigated the spatio-spectral characteristics of the neural oscillatory activity and observed that, in both patients, the hand movements were consistently associated with a wide spread power decrease in the low frequency band (LFB: 8–32 Hz) and a more localized power increase in the high frequency band (HFB: 60–280 Hz) within the sensorimotor region. Importantly, we observed significant power increase in the ultra-high frequency band (UFB: 300–800 Hz) during hand movements of both patients within a restricted cortical region close to the central sulcus, and the motor cortical “hand knob.” Among all frequency bands we studied, the UFB modulations were closest to the central sulcus and direct cortical stimulation (DCS) positive site. Both HFB and UFB modulations exhibited different timing characteristics at different locations. Power increase in HFB and UFB starting before movement onset was observed mostly at the anterior part of the activated cortical region. In addition, the spatial patterns in HFB and UFB indicated a probable postcentral shift of the hand motor function in one of the patients. We also compared the task related subband modulations captured by the small and large contacts in our hybrid grid. We did not find any significant difference in terms of band power changes. This study shows initial evidence that event-driven neural oscillatory activity recorded from ECoG can reach up to 800 Hz. The spatial distribution of UFB oscillations was found to be more focalized and closer to the central sulcus compared to LFB and HFB. More studies are needed to characterize further the functional significance of UFB relative to LFB and HFB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiao Jiang
- Clinical Neural Engineering Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Su Liu
- Clinical Neural Engineering Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Giuseppe Pellizzer
- Research Service, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, MN, United States
| | - Aydin Aydoseli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sacit Karamursel
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pulat A Sabanci
- Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Altay Sencer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Candan Gurses
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nuri F Ince
- Clinical Neural Engineering Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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Jiang T, Jiang T, Wang T, Mei S, Liu Q, Li Y, Wang X, Prabhu S, Sha Z, Ince NF. Characterization and Decoding the Spatial Patterns of Hand Extension/Flexion using High-Density ECoG. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2017; 25:370-379. [DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2016.2647255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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11
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Direct motor evoked potentials and cortical mapping using the NIM® nerve monitoring system: A technical note. J Clin Neurosci 2016; 38:111-113. [PMID: 28017534 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) are commonly used to prevent neurological injury when operating in close proximity to the motor cortex or corticospinal pathway. We report a novel application of the NIM® nerve monitoring system (Medtronic@ NIM response 3.0) for intraoperative direct cortical (dc)-MEPs monitoring. A 69-year-old female patient presented with a 4month history of progressive left hemiparesis resulting from a large right sided posterior frontal meningioma that abutted and compressed the motor cortex. Motor cortical mapping and MEPs were indicated. The patient was anesthetized and maintained on total intravenous anesthetics. Compound muscle action potentials (CMAP) of the right upper limb were monitored using the NIM system. After a craniotomy was performed, we first used the Ojemann stimulator (monopolar) for dc-stimulation and then switched to use the monopolar nerve stimulator probe of the NIM system. The CMAP response was successfully elicited using the NIM stimulating probe (pulse width=250s, train frequency=7pulses/s, current=20mA). A gross total resection of the tumor was achieved with intermittent cortical mapping of MEPs. There were no intraoperative complications and the patient's motor function was preserved after the surgery. In this case, we reported the successful use of the NIM nerve monitoring system to elicit dc-MEPs under general anesthesia. The advantages of using this system include a simple set up and application, neurosurgeon familiarity, wide availability and lower cost. dc-MEPs can be achieved using the NIM system. We conclude that the NIM nerve monitoring system is a feasible alternative to standard neurophysiological monitoring systems.
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Taplin AM, de Pesters A, Brunner P, Hermes D, Dalfino JC, Adamo MA, Ritaccio AL, Schalk G. Intraoperative mapping of expressive language cortex using passive real-time electrocorticography. EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR CASE REPORTS 2016; 5:46-51. [PMID: 27408802 PMCID: PMC4922734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebcr.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
In this case report, we investigated the utility and practicality of passive intraoperative functional mapping of expressive language cortex using high-resolution electrocorticography (ECoG). The patient presented here experienced new-onset seizures caused by a medium-grade tumor in very close proximity to expressive language regions. In preparation of tumor resection, the patient underwent multiple functional language mapping procedures. We examined the relationship of results obtained with intraoperative high-resolution ECoG, extraoperative ECoG utilizing a conventional subdural grid, extraoperative electrical cortical stimulation (ECS) mapping, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Our results demonstrate that intraoperative mapping using high-resolution ECoG is feasible and, within minutes, produces results that are qualitatively concordant to those achieved by extraoperative mapping modalities. They also suggest that functional language mapping of expressive language areas with ECoG may prove useful in many intraoperative conditions given its time efficiency and safety. Finally, they demonstrate that integration of results from multiple functional mapping techniques, both intraoperative and extraoperative, may serve to improve the confidence in or precision of functional localization when pathology encroaches upon eloquent language cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- AmiLyn M Taplin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Adriana de Pesters
- National Center for Adaptive Neurotechnologies, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Peter Brunner
- National Center for Adaptive Neurotechnologies, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Dora Hermes
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - John C Dalfino
- Department of Neurosurgery, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Matthew A Adamo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | | | - Gerwin Schalk
- National Center for Adaptive Neurotechnologies, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
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de Pesters A, Taplin AM, Adamo MA, Ritaccio AL, Schalk G. Electrocorticographic mapping of expressive language function without requiring the patient to speak: A report of three cases. EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR CASE REPORTS 2016; 6:13-8. [PMID: 27408803 PMCID: PMC4925928 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebcr.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective Patients requiring resective brain surgery often undergo functional brain mapping during perioperative planning to localize expressive language areas. Currently, all established protocols to perform such mapping require substantial time and patient participation during verb generation or similar tasks. These issues can make language mapping impractical in certain clinical circumstances (e.g., during awake craniotomies) or with certain populations (e.g., pediatric patients). Thus, it is important to develop new techniques that reduce mapping time and the requirement for active patient participation. Several neuroscientific studies reported that the mere auditory presentation of speech stimuli can engage not only receptive but also expressive language areas. Here, we tested the hypothesis that submission of electrocorticographic (ECoG) recordings during a short speech listening task to an appropriate analysis procedure can identify eloquent expressive language cortex without requiring the patient to speak. Methods Three patients undergoing temporary placement of subdural electrode grids passively listened to stories while we recorded their ECoG activity. We identified those sites whose activity in the broadband gamma range (70–170 Hz) changed immediately after presentation of the speech stimuli with respect to a prestimulus baseline. Results Our analyses revealed increased broadband gamma activity at distinct locations in the inferior frontal cortex, superior temporal gyrus, and/or perisylvian areas in all three patients and premotor and/or supplementary motor areas in two patients. The sites in the inferior frontal cortex that we identified with our procedure were either on or immediately adjacent to locations identified using electrical cortical stimulation (ECS) mapping. Conclusions The results of this study provide encouraging preliminary evidence that it may be possible that a brief and practical protocol can identify expressive language areas without requiring the patient to speak. This protocol could provide the clinician with a map of expressive language cortex within a few minutes. This may be useful as an adjunct to ECS interrogation or as an alternative to mapping using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In conclusion, with further development and validation in more subjects, the approach presented here could help in identifying expressive language areas in situations where patients cannot speak in response to task instructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana de Pesters
- National Center for Adaptive Neurotechnologies, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - AmiLyn M Taplin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Matthew A Adamo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | | | - Gerwin Schalk
- National Center for Adaptive Neurotechnologies, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
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Burke JF, Ramayya AG, Kahana MJ. Human intracranial high-frequency activity during memory processing: neural oscillations or stochastic volatility? Curr Opin Neurobiol 2015; 31:104-10. [PMID: 25279772 PMCID: PMC4675136 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Intracranial high-frequency activity (HFA), which refers to fast fluctuations in electrophysiological recordings, increases during memory processing. Two views have emerged to explain this effect: (1) HFA reflects a synchronous signal, related to underlying gamma oscillations, that plays a mechanistic role in human memory and (2) HFA reflects an asynchronous signal that is a non-specific marker of brain activation. We review recent data supporting each of these views and conclude that HFA during memory processing is more consistent with an asynchronous signal. Memory-related HFA is therefore best conceptualized as a biomarker of neural activation that can functionally map memory with high spatial and temporal precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Burke
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychology, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Ashwin G Ramayya
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychology, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Michael J Kahana
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychology, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
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Brown EC, Jeong JW, Muzik O, Rothermel R, Matsuzaki N, Juhász C, Sood S, Asano E. Evaluating the arcuate fasciculus with combined diffusion-weighted MRI tractography and electrocorticography. Hum Brain Mapp 2013; 35:2333-47. [PMID: 23982893 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The conventional model of language-related brain structure describing the arcuate fasciculus as a key white matter tract providing a direct connection between Wernicke's region and Broca's area has been called into question. Specifically, the inferior precentral gyrus, possessing both primary motor (Brodmann Area [BA] 4) and premotor cortex (BA 6), has been identified as a potential alternative termination. The authors initially localized cortical sites involved in language using measurement of event-related gamma-activity on electrocorticography (ECoG). The authors then determined whether language-related sites of the temporal lobe were connected, via white matter structures, to the inferior frontal gyrus more tightly than to the precentral gyrus. The authors found that language-related sites of the temporal lobe were far more likely to be directly connected to the inferior precentral gyrus through the arcuate fasciculus. Furthermore, tractography was a significant predictor of frontal language-related ECoG findings. Analysis of an interaction between anatomy and tractography in this model revealed tractrography to have the highest predictive value for language-related ECoG findings of the precentral gyrus. This study failed to support the conventional model of language-related brain structure. More feasible models should include the inferior precentral gyrus as a termination of the arcuate fasciculus. The exact functional significance of direct connectivity between temporal language-related sites and the precentral gyrus requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik C Brown
- MD/PhD Program, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
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