1
|
Fathi M, Pourrahimi AM, Poormohammad A, Sardari S, Rajizadeh MA, Mazhari S, Pourkand D. Video game addiction is associated with early stage of inhibitory control problems: An event-related potential study using cued Go/NoGo task. Addict Biol 2024; 29:e13391. [PMID: 38564585 PMCID: PMC10986938 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Video game addiction (VGA) is associated with cognitive problems, particularly deficits in inhibitory control. The present study aimed to investigate behavioural responses and event-related potential associated with specific response inhibition using the cued Go/NoGo task to examine the effects of VGA on brain activity related to response inhibition. Twenty-five individuals addicted to video games (action video games) and 25 matched healthy controls participated in the study. The results showed that the VGA group had significantly more commission error in the NoGo trials and faster reaction time in the Go trials compared with the control group. The event-related potential analyses revealed significant reductions in amplitudes of N2 cue and N2 NoGo in the VGA group. While there was no significant difference between the N2 amplitudes of the Go and NoGo trials in the VGA group, the control group had a larger N2 amplitude in the NoGo trials. These results indicate that VGA subjects have difficulties in the early stages of response inhibition, as well as some level of impairment in proactive cognitive control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mazyar Fathi
- Ibn‐e‐Sina and Dr Hejazi Psychiatry HospitalMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Kerman Neuroscience Research CenterKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | | | - Ahmad Poormohammad
- Ibn‐e‐Sina and Dr Hejazi Psychiatry HospitalMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Kerman Neuroscience Research CenterKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Sara Sardari
- Kerman Neuroscience Research CenterKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | | | - Shahrzad Mazhari
- Kerman Neuroscience Research CenterKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zygouris NC, Vlachos F, Stamoulis GI. ERPs in Children and Adolescents with Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Before and after an Intervention Program. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12091174. [PMID: 36138910 PMCID: PMC9497116 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12091174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
According to DSM 5, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is characterized by excessive, uncontrollable worry about various topics that occupies the majority of the subject’s time for a period of at least six months. The aforementioned state causes distress and/or functional impairments. This paper presents the outcomes of a pilot study that evaluated the implementation of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and CBT with an SSRIs intervention program. The participants comprised 16 children and adolescents with GAD (8 males and 8 females) matched with 16 typically developing peers (8 males and 8 females) aged from 10 to 16 years old (M = 12.56 SD = 2.18). Baseline assessment consisted of event related potentials (ERPs), which indicated that participants with GAD presented cognitive deficits in attention and memory, as they exhibited longer P300 latencies. Following treatment with the CBT program and/or medication, children and adolescents with GAD did not present statistically significantly longer P300 latencies and reaction times in comparison to the control group. Lastly, children and adolescents who followed the CBT program or the CBT program with psychopharmacological assistance did not reveal statistically significant differences in 13 out of 15 topographic brain areas and in reaction time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos C. Zygouris
- Department of Computer Science and Telecommunications, University of Thessaly, 35131 Lamia, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2231060184
| | - Filippos Vlachos
- Special Education Department, University of Thessaly, 35221 Volos, Greece
| | - Georgios I. Stamoulis
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Thessaly, 38334 Volos, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fathi M, Mazhari S, Pourrahimi AM, Poormohammad A, Sardari S. Proactive and reactive inhibitory control are differently affected by video game addiction: An event-related potential study. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2584. [PMID: 35470576 PMCID: PMC9226792 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Video game addiction (VGA) is associated with physical and mental disorders, one of which is problem in executive function, particularly inhibitory control. The present study aimed to investigate reactive and proactive inhibitory controls by event-related potential (ERP). METHODS Thirty video game (action video games)-addicted subjects and 30 matched healthy controls participated in the study, who were tested by the selective stop-signal task. RESULTS The main results revealed that the VGA group had significantly more problems in preparatory processes and proactive stop trials, showing that VGA has a negative effect on proactive inhibition. CONCLUSION Finding the problem in proactive inhibitory control might be helpful in developing new treatments and rehabilitation methods in these fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mazyar Fathi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Mazhari
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Pourrahimi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ahmad Poormohammad
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sara Sardari
- Parsian Hearing and Balance Center, Shahin Shar, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cancellation but not restraint ability is modulated by trait anxiety: An event-related potential and oscillation study using Go-Nogo and stop-signal tasks. J Affect Disord 2022; 299:188-195. [PMID: 34863714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trait anxiety has a detrimental effect on attention, which further leads to dysfunction of inhibitory control. However, there is no study examining how trait anxiety modulates inhibitory abilities on restraint and cancellation in the same subjects. Therefore, we aimed to use electrophysiological recordings to interrogate whether and to what extent trait anxiety modulated these two kinds of inhibitory functions. The Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ), a self-reported assessment of daily absentmindedness, was also used to examine its association with inhibition-related electrophysiological indicators. METHODS Forty subjects were recruited from the top 10% (Higher Trait Anxiety [HTA], n= 20) and last 10% (Lower Trait Anxiety [LTA], n= 20) of the trait anxiety score distribution from 400 college students. During electrophysiological recordings, the Go-Nogo and stop-signal tasks were performed, which evaluated the abilities of restraint and cancellation, respectively. RESULTS The HTA and LTA groups showed a comparable behavioral performance of restraint and cancellation abilities. However, the results of time-frequency analysis revealed that those with HTA demonstrated a stronger power of alpha oscillations (600‒1000 ms) in response to Stop trials in the stop-signal task, compared with individuals with LTA. Such oscillatory activity was positively correlated with the CFQ score. There was no significant between-group difference of the brain activation in the Go-Nogo task. LIMITATIONS Future studies can recruit both individuals with trait anxiety and anxiety disorders to clarify the boundaries between healthy and pathological worries in terms of cancellation ability. CONCLUSIONS cancellation, but not restraint, is modulated by trait anxiety.
Collapse
|
5
|
Dayan-Riva A, Berger A, Anholt GE. Affordances, response conflict, and enhanced-action tendencies in obsessive-compulsive disorder: an ERP study. Psychol Med 2021; 51:948-963. [PMID: 31907102 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719003866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by recurrent, intrusive thoughts and/or behaviors. OCD symptoms are often triggered by external stimuli. Therefore, it has been suggested that difficulty inhibiting responses to stimuli associated with strong action tendencies may underlie symptoms. The present electrophysiological study examined whether stimuli evoking a strong automatic response are associated with enhanced action tendencies in OCD participants relative to healthy controls. METHODS The lateralized readiness potential (LRP) and the N2 event-related potential (ERP) components were used as measures of action tendencies and inhibition, respectively. ERPs were recorded while 38 participants diagnosed with OCD and 38 healthy controls performed a variation of the Stroop task using colored arrows. RESULTS The OCD group presented with larger LRP amplitudes than the control group. This effect was found specifically in the incongruent condition. Furthermore, an interaction effect was found between group and congruency such that the OCD group showed a reduced N2 in the incongruent condition compared to the congruent condition, whereas the control group demonstrated the opposite effect. Results support the hypothesis that OCD is characterized by stronger readiness-for-action and impaired inhibitory mechanisms, particularly when the suppression of a dominant response tendency is required. Our results were supported by source localization analyses for the LRP and N2 components. These findings were specific to OCD and not associated with anxiety and depression symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The present results support the notion of stronger habitual behavior and embodiment tendencies in OCD and impaired inhibitory control under conditions of conflict.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adi Dayan-Riva
- Department of Psychology, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Andrea Berger
- Department of Psychology, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lopez-Sosa F, Reneses B, Sanmartino F, Galarza-Vallejo A, Garcia-Albea J, Cruz-Gomez AJ, Yebra M, Oliviero A, Barcia JA, Strange BA, Gonzalez-Rosa JJ. Nucleus Accumbens Stimulation Modulates Inhibitory Control by Right Prefrontal Cortex Activation in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:2742-2758. [PMID: 33406245 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory control is considered a compromised cognitive function in obsessive-compulsive (OCD) patients and likely linked to corticostriatal circuitry disturbances. Here, 9 refractory OCD patients treated with deep brain stimulation (DBS) were evaluated to address the dynamic modulations of large-scale cortical network activity involved in inhibitory control after nucleus accumbens (NAc) stimulation and their relationship with cortical thickness. A comparison of DBS "On/Off" states showed that patients committed fewer errors and exhibited increased intraindividual reaction time variability, resulting in improved goal maintenance abilities and proactive inhibitory control. Visual P3 event-related potentials showed increased amplitudes during Go/NoGo performance. Go and NoGo responses increased cortical activation mainly over the right inferior frontal gyrus and medial frontal gyrus, respectively. Moreover, increased cortical activation in these areas was equally associated with a higher cortical thickness within the prefrontal cortex. These results highlight the critical role of NAc DBS for preferentially modulating the neuronal activity underlying sustained speed responses and inhibitory control in OCD patients and show that it is triggered by reorganizing brain functions to the right prefrontal regions, which may depend on the underlying cortical thinning. Our findings provide updated structural and functional evidence that supports critical dopaminergic-mediated frontal-striatal network interactions in OCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Lopez-Sosa
- Psychophysiology and Neuroimaging Group, Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INiBICA), 11009 Cádiz, Spain.,Laboratory for Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Technical University of Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca Reneses
- Department of Psychiatry, Health Research Institute of Hospital Clinico San Carlos (IdISSC), Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ana Galarza-Vallejo
- Laboratory for Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Technical University of Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Garcia-Albea
- Department of Psychiatry, Health Research Institute of Hospital Clinico San Carlos (IdISSC), Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alvaro J Cruz-Gomez
- Psychophysiology and Neuroimaging Group, Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INiBICA), 11009 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Mar Yebra
- Laboratory for Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Technical University of Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Antonio Oliviero
- FENNSI Group, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, 45004 Toledo, Spain
| | - Juan A Barcia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Health Research Institute of Hospital Clinico San Carlos (IdISSC), Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bryan A Strange
- Laboratory for Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Technical University of Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Department of Neuroimaging, Alzheimer's Disease Research Centre, Reina Sofia-CIEN Foundation, 28013 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier J Gonzalez-Rosa
- Psychophysiology and Neuroimaging Group, Institute of Biomedical Research Cadiz (INiBICA), 11009 Cádiz, Spain.,Laboratory for Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Technical University of Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychology, University of Cadiz. 11003 Cádiz, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cox RC, Olatunji BO. Sleep in the anxiety-related disorders: A meta-analysis of subjective and objective research. Sleep Med Rev 2020; 51:101282. [PMID: 32109832 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2020.101282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Although sleep disturbance is implicated in psychopathology, its role in anxiety-related disorders remains unclear. The present meta-analysis characterizes sleep disturbance in anxiety-related disorders collectively and individually. Subjective measures of total sleep time and sleep continuity were included with objective measures. Results indicate a large effect for increased subjective sleep disturbance (g = 2.16), medium effects for decreased total sleep time (g = -.40) and sleep continuity (g = -.49), and a small effect for decreased sleep depth (g = -.20) in anxiety-related disorders compared to healthy controls. Each anxiety-related disorder exhibited a distinct sleep disturbance pattern, suggesting that sleep may facilitate identification of unique biopsychological underpinnings. Effects were not moderated by comorbid depression and were similar in magnitude to those found for depression. Sleep disturbances, particularly decreased sleep continuity, may be a key pathology in the anxiety-related disorders that could highlight novel etiological mechanisms and intervention targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca C Cox
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, 301 Wilson Hall, 111 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37240, USA.
| | - Bunmi O Olatunji
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, 301 Wilson Hall, 111 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kertzman SG, Poyurovski M, Faragian S, Weizman R, Cohen K, Aizer A, Weizman A, Dannon PN. Distinct Response Inhibition Patterns in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Patients and Pathological Gamblers. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:652. [PMID: 30564153 PMCID: PMC6288432 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and pathological gambling (PG) are common disorders. The cognitive models of OCD and PG focus on abnormalities in response inhibition. Although, these functions have been studied in different PG and OCD samples, no study has compared the response inhibition in both. Methods: Medication-naïve OCD (n = 61) and PG subjects (n = 109) and healthy controls (n = 131) performed CPT and Go/NoGo tasks. Results: Compared to healthy controls (HC), PG and OCD groups underperformed on speed and exhibited larger time variability on the CPT and Go/NoGo task. Only in OCD patients, a positive correlation between omission errors and response time (RT) was observed in the CPT. At the Go/NoGo task, a negative correlation between false alarms and RT (a fast-errors trade-off) was significant only in the PG group. The HC group had greater sensitivity values (d') than the OCD and PG groups in the Go/NoGo task. The PG group displayed lower d' values and more conservative response criterion in the CPT. In addition, only the OCD group expressed a high switching cost compared to both the PG and HC groups in terms of the RT and d' values. Conclusions: Both the PG and OCD groups demonstrated impaired response inhibition compared to the HC group. On several measures, the OCD and PG groups showed comparable impairments, and in others these were distinct. Thus, it appears that distinct neurocognitive patterns are involved in performance of the CPT and the Go/NoGo tasks among OCD and PG subjects whose cognitive status is currently under intensive investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Semion G Kertzman
- Psychiatry Division, Beer-Yaakov-Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michael Poyurovski
- Tirat Carmel Mental Health Center, Israel University, Tirat Carmel, Israel.,Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Sarit Faragian
- Tirat Carmel Mental Health Center, Israel University, Tirat Carmel, Israel
| | - Ronit Weizman
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Koby Cohen
- Department of Behavioral Science, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Anat Aizer
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Abraham Weizman
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Research Unit, Geha Mental Health Center and Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Pinhas N Dannon
- Psychiatry Division, Beer-Yaakov-Ness Ziona Mental Health Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang ZM, Wang MY, Guo X, Miao X, Zhang T, Gao D, Yuan Z. Attentional avoidance of threats in obsessive compulsive disorder: An event related potential study. Behav Res Ther 2017; 97:96-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
10
|
Pinto D MC, Avila Campos E, Contreras JN, Bedoya L, Ulzuru A. Comparación de la respuesta inhibitoria en niños y adolescentes diagnosticados con TOC y TDAH. UNIVERSITAS PSYCHOLOGICA 2017. [DOI: 10.11144/javeriana.upsy15-5.crin] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Antecedentes: Los trastornos de comportamiento tienen asociados una serie de factores que van más allá de los síntomas, entre los cuales está el funcionamiento cognoscitivo. En TOC y TDAH se han encontrado dificultades en el funcionamiento ejecutivo, siendo la inhibición de respuestas una de las fallas más consistentes en diferentes estudios.
Objetivos: Comparar la respuesta inhibitoria de niños y adolescentes diagnosticados con TDAH, TOC con población sana.
Método: Se analizaron 31 pacientes con TDAH, 31 con TOC y 66 controles a partir del Test Stroop de colores y palabras segunda edición (Golden, 1999).
Resultados: Se encuentran diferencias de los grupos clínicos con los controles; TOC vs controles (p = 0.03419), TDAH vs controles (p= 0.00244), pero no entre los grupos clínico TOC vs TDAH (p= 0.2793). Al comparar rango de edad se encuentran diferencias específicas entre los mismos grupos para los participantes entre 13-16 años (TDAH: p=0.005 y TOC: 0.018) y controles.
Conclusiones: Los resultados son coherentes con lo reportado en la literatura, respecto a la alteración del control inhibitorio de personas con TOC y TDAH. Se deben realizar análisis más amplios en otros dominios cognitivos para poder tener un perfil más claro de los aspectos comunes y diferenciables de personas con trastornos del neurodesarrollo y manifestaciones anormales de comportamiento.
Collapse
|
11
|
Saremi AA, Shariat SV, Nazari MA, Dolatshahi B. Neuropsychological Functioning in Obsessive-Compulsive Washers: Drug-Naive Without Depressive Symptoms. Basic Clin Neurosci 2017; 8:233-248. [PMID: 28781731 PMCID: PMC5535329 DOI: 10.18869/nirp.bcn.8.3.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a complex and heterogeneous neuropsychiatric syndrome. Contamination obsessions and washing/cleaning compulsions are the most frequent clinical OCD subtypes. The current study aimed at examining the neuropsychological impairments in drug-naive obsessive-compulsive (OC) washers without depressive symptoms and their association with the severity of symptoms. METHODS In the current causal-comparative study, 35 patients with diagnostic and statistical mental disorders class (DSM)-IV diagnosed with washing-subtype OCD and 35 healthy subjects were selected by the convenience sampling method and evaluated by computerized neuropsychology battery and clinical tests as Stroop Color-Word Test (SCWT), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Go/No-Go Test, Digits Forward (DF), Digits Backward (DB), Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ)-28. The patients were matched to the comparison group with regard to age, gender, intelligence quotient (IQ), education, and handedness. All the tests were standardized in Iran. SPSS version 20.00 was used for descriptive and analytical data analysis. RESULTS There was no statistically significant different between the OCD washing and the control groups regarding socio-demographic variables or IQ. There were significant differences between the OC washer and the healthy control groups on the neuropsychological functioning. The obtained results suggested that OC washers performed significantly worse on neuropsychological measures than the controls. There was no significant association between the severity of OC symptoms and the neuropsychological functions in the OCD washing group. CONCLUSION It was concluded that executive function impairment, which is a core feature in OC washers was trait-like in nature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akbar Saremi
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Vahid Shariat
- Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, School of Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Nazari
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education & Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behrooz Dolatshahi
- Department of Psychology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Venetacci R, Johnstone A, Kirkby KC, Matthews A. ERP correlates of attentional processing in spider fear: evidence of threat-specific hypervigilance. Cogn Emot 2017; 32:437-449. [DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2017.1310717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Venetacci
- School of Medicine (Psychology), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Amber Johnstone
- School of Medicine (Psychology), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Kenneth C. Kirkby
- School of Medicine (Psychology), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Allison Matthews
- School of Medicine (Psychology), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Neurophysiological correlates of altered response inhibition in internet gaming disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder: Perspectives from impulsivity and compulsivity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41742. [PMID: 28134318 PMCID: PMC5278399 DOI: 10.1038/srep41742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Although internet gaming disorder (IGD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) represent opposite ends of the impulsivity and compulsivity dimensions, the two disorders share common neurocognitive deficits in response inhibition. However, the similarities and differences in neurophysiological features of altered response inhibition between IGD and OCD have not been investigated sufficiently. In total, 27 patients with IGD, 24 patients with OCD, and 26 healthy control (HC) subjects participated in a Go/NoGo task with electroencephalographic recordings. N2-P3 complexes elicited during Go and NoGo condition were analyzed separately and compared among conditions and groups. NoGo-N2 latency at the central electrode site was delayed in IGD group versus the HC group and correlated positively with the severity of internet game addiction and impulsivity. NoGo-N2 amplitude at the frontal electrode site was smaller in OCD patients than in IGD patients. These findings suggest that prolonged NoGo-N2 latency may serve as a marker of trait impulsivity in IGD and reduced NoGo-N2 amplitude may be a differential neurophysiological feature between OCD from IGD with regard to compulsivity. We report the first differential neurophysiological correlate of the altered response inhibition in IGD and OCD, which may be a candidate biomarker for impulsivity and compulsivity.
Collapse
|
14
|
Tajikzadeh F, Abbasi F, Sadeghi R, Aflakseir A. The Relationship Between Behavioral Inhibition Strategies for Cognitive Regulation of Emotions and Young Adult Family of Life Events and Changes with Obsessive-Compulsive Traits in Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2016. [DOI: 10.17795/intjsh-41814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
15
|
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental disorder featuring obsessions (intrusive thoughts) and compulsions (repetitive behaviors performed in the context of rigid rituals). There is strong evidence for a neurobiological basis of this disorder, involving limbic cortical regions and related basal ganglion areas. However, more research is needed to lift the veil on the precise nature of that involvement and the way it drives the clinical expression of OCD. Altered cognitive functions may underlie the symptoms and thus draw a link between the clinical expression of the disorder and its neurobiological etiology. Our extensive review demonstrates that OCD patients do present a broad range of neuropsychological dysfunctions across all cognitive domains (memory, attention, flexibility, inhibition, verbal fluency, planning, decision-making), but some methodological issues temper this observation. Thus, future research should have a more integrative approach to cognitive functioning, gathering contributions of both experimental psychology and more fundamental neurosciences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Benzina
- "Behaviour, Emotion, and Basal Ganglia" Team, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, 75013, Paris, France.
| | - Luc Mallet
- "Behaviour, Emotion, and Basal Ganglia" Team, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Service de Psychiatrie, DHU PePsy, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Université Paris-Est Créteil, INSERM U955, Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Eric Burguière
- "Behaviour, Emotion, and Basal Ganglia" Team, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Karim N'Diaye
- "Behaviour, Emotion, and Basal Ganglia" Team, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Pelissolo
- AP-HP, Service de Psychiatrie, DHU PePsy, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Université Paris-Est Créteil, INSERM U955, Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Fan J, Liu W, Lei H, Cai L, Zhong M, Dong J, Zhou C, Zhu X. Components of inhibition in autogenous- and reactive-type obsessive-compulsive disorder: Dissociation of interference control. Biol Psychol 2016; 117:117-130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
17
|
Rasmussen J, Siev J, Abramovitch A, Wilhelm S. Scrupulosity and contamination OCD are not associated with deficits in response inhibition. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2016; 50:120-6. [PMID: 26183654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Prior research has indicated a number of neuropsychological deficits in patients with OCD consistent with the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical model of the disorder. Response inhibition (RI), defined as the inability to inhibit a prepotent response, has been identified as a possible candidate endophenotype for OCD. However, the results from previous studies of RI in OCD patients have been mixed, suggesting the possibility that some OCD dimensions may be associated with deficits in RI while others may not. The present study aimed to examine RI using a Go/No-Go (GNG) task in two OCD symptom dimensions, one of which, scrupulosity, has never been subject to neuropsychological investigation. METHODS A total of 63 individuals, consisting of scrupulous OCD (n = 26), contamination OCD (n = 18) and non-psychiatric controls (n = 19) completed study measures. Controlling for depression symptoms, no significant performance differences were found between the groups on the GNG test, indicating no deficits in RI among contamination or scrupulous OCD. RESULTS Results are consistent with several prior studies of RI in OCD that found no differences as compared to non-psychiatric controls, especially on GNG tests, and with more recent suggestions that RI may not constitute a clinical significant impaired domain in OCD. LIMITATIONS Limitations included a primarily highly educated and Caucasian sample. CONCLUSIONS Additional conclusions include careful consideration of the RI measures selected for future studies, as well as the need for further investigation into the neuropsychological and neurobiological nature of scrupulous OCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amitai Abramovitch
- Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, USA; Texas State University, USA
| | - Sabine Wilhelm
- Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wong M, Woody EZ, Schmidt LA, Ameringen MV, Soreni N, Szechtman H. Frontal EEG alpha activity and obsessive-compulsive behaviors in non-clinical young adults: a pilot study. Front Psychol 2015; 6:1480. [PMID: 26483733 PMCID: PMC4586322 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that the resting electroencephalogram (EEG) alpha patterns of non-clinical participants who score high on measures of negative affect, such as depression and shyness, are different from those who score low. However, we know relatively little about patterns of resting EEG alpha patterns in a non-clinical sample of individuals with high levels of obsessive-compulsive behaviors indicative of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Here we measured resting EEG alpha activity in frontal and parietal regions of non-clinical participants who scored high and low on the Padua-R, a measure of the severity of OCD-related behaviors. We found that participants who scored high on the Padua-R exhibited decreased overall activity in frontal regions relative to individuals who scored low on the measure. We speculate that frontal hypoactivity may be a possible marker and/or index of risk for OCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wong
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Erik Z. Woody
- Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Louis A. Schmidt
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Van Ameringen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Noam Soreni
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Henry Szechtman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abramovitch A, Abramowitz JS, Mittelman A, Stark A, Ramsey K, Geller DA. Research Review: Neuropsychological test performance in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder--a meta-analysis. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2015; 56:837-47. [PMID: 25866081 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.12414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research into the neuropsychology of pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) reveals inconsistent results, limiting the ability to draw conclusions about possible neurocognitive deficits in youth with OCD. The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of the available literature. METHODS We identified 36 studies, of which 11 studies met inclusion criteria. Results were categorized into nine functional subdomains: planning, response inhibition/interference control, set shifting/cognitive flexibility, verbal memory, nonverbal memory, processing speed, working memory, visuospatial functions, and attention. For each domain, weighted pooled Hedges' g effect size was calculated using random model analyses. RESULTS Small effect sizes were found across all subdomains, none of which were found to be statistically significant. DISCUSSION Results indicate that youth with OCD do not exhibit noteworthy neuropsychological deficits. This is in line with recent suggestions that OCD may not be characterized by clinically meaningful neuropsychological impairments. However, the small number of available controlled studies highlights the urgent need for more neuropsychological research in this population, as well as for further exploration of the neurodevelopmental hypothesis in pediatric OCD. Finally, the relatively low persistence rates of OCD into adulthood should be taken under consideration, especially in the context of the putative neuropsychological performance differences between adult and pediatric OCD populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amitai Abramovitch
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Psychology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan S Abramowitz
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Andrew Mittelman
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abigail Stark
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kesley Ramsey
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel A Geller
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Thomas SJ, Gonsalvez CJ, Johnstone SJ. Electrophysiology of facilitation priming in obsessive-compulsive and panic disorders. Clin Neurophysiol 2015; 127:464-478. [PMID: 26111486 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Repeated experience with stimuli often primes faster, more efficient neuronal and behavioural responses. Exaggerated repetition priming effects have previously been reported in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), however little is known of their underlying neurobiology or disorder-specificity, hence we investigated these factors. METHODS We examined event-related potentials (ERPs) and behaviour while participants with OCD, panic disorder and healthy controls (20 per group) performed a Go/NoGo task which manipulated target repetition sequences. RESULTS Both clinical groups showed stronger reaction time (RT) priming than HCs, which in OCD was greater in a checking, than washing, subgroup. Both clinical groups had similar RT deficits and ERP anomalies across several components, which correlated with psychopathology and RT priming. In OCD alone, N1 latency tended to increase to repeated stimuli, correlated with O-C symptoms, whereas it decreased in other groups. OCD-checkers had smaller target P2 amplitude than all other groups. CONCLUSIONS Enhanced neural priming is not unique to OCD and may contribute to salient sensory-cognitive experiences in anxiety generally. These effects are related to symptom severity and occur to neutral stimuli and in the context of overall RT impairment, suggesting they may be clinically relevant and pervasive. The results indicate overlapping information-processing and neurobiological factors across disorders, with indications of OCD-specific trends and subgroup differences. SIGNIFICANCE This first electrophysiological investigation of OCD priming in OCD to include anxious controls and OCD subgroups allows for differentiation between overlapping and OCD-specific phenomena, to advance neurobiological models of OCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan J Thomas
- Brain & Behaviour Research Institute and School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia; Graduate School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
| | - Craig J Gonsalvez
- Brain & Behaviour Research Institute and School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia; Centre for Psychophysics, Psychophysiology & Psychopharmacology, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia; University of Western Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stuart J Johnstone
- Brain & Behaviour Research Institute and School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia; Centre for Psychophysics, Psychophysiology & Psychopharmacology, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Feldman JL, Clark SL, Freitas AL. Conflict adaptation within but not across NoGo decision criteria: Event-related-potential evidence of specificity in the contextual modulation of cognitive control. Biol Psychol 2015; 109:132-40. [PMID: 26003915 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
From the standpoint of conflict-monitoring theory (Botvinick et al., 2001), detecting an incident of information-processing conflict should attenuate the disruptive influence of information-processing conflicts encountered subsequently, by which time cognitive-control operations will have been engaged. To examine the generality of this conflict-adaptation process across task dimensions, the present research analyzed event-related potentials in a Go/NoGo task that randomly varied the NoGo decision criterion applied across trials. Sequential analyses revealed reduced-amplitude fronto-central N2 and NoGo P3 responses on the second of two consecutive NoGo trials. Importantly, both of these conflict-adaptation effects were present only when the same NoGo decision criterion was applied across trials n and n-1. These findings support the theory that encountering information-processing conflict focuses attention on specific stimulus-response contingencies (Verguts & Notebaert, 2009) rather than engages general cognitive-control mechanisms (Freitas & Clark, 2015). Further implications for the generality of cognitive control are discussed.
Collapse
|
22
|
Snyder HR, Kaiser RH, Warren SL, Heller W. Obsessive-compulsive disorder is associated with broad impairments in executive function: A meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Sci 2014; 3:301-330. [PMID: 25755918 DOI: 10.1177/2167702614534210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a serious and often chronically disabling condition. The current dominant model of OCD focuses on abnormalities in prefrontal-striatal circuits that support executive function (EF). While there is growing evidence for EF impairments associated with OCD, results have been inconsistent, making the nature and magnitude of these impairments controversial. The current meta-analysis uses random-effects models to synthesize 110 previous studies that compared participants with OCD to healthy control participants on at least one neuropsychological measure of EF. The results indicate that individuals with OCD are impaired on tasks measuring most aspects of EF, consistent with broad impairment in EF. EF deficits were not explained by general motor slowness or depression. Effect sizes were largely stable across variation in demographic and clinical characteristics of samples, although medication use, age, and gender moderated some effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah R Snyder
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Frontier Hall, 2155 S. Race St. Denver, CO 80208, USA
| | - Roselinde H Kaiser
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Stacie L Warren
- Department of Mental Health, St. Louis VA Medical Center, #1 Jefferson Barracks Drive, 116B/JB, St. Louis, MO 63125, USA
| | - Wendy Heller
- Department of Psychology and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 603 E. Daniel Street, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Meta-analysis of P300 waveform in panic disorder. Exp Brain Res 2014; 232:3221-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-014-3999-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|