1
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Yang F, Tan J, Huang Y, Xiao R, Wang X, Han Y. Altered Language-Related Effective Connectivity in Patients with Benign Childhood Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020590. [PMID: 36836947 PMCID: PMC9960797 DOI: 10.3390/life13020590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) is one of the most common childhood epilepsy syndromes and may be associated with language deficits. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were collected from a total of 78 children: 52 patients with BECTS (28 drug-naïve and 24 medicated) and 26 healthy controls (HC). Granger causality analysis (GCA) was used to investigate alterations in effective connectivity (EC) between the language network core node (Broca's area) and the whole brain. EC from Broca's area to the left Heschl's gyrus (HG), right putamen, and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) was significantly increased, while EC from the bilateral putamen and left ACC to Broca's area was significantly decreased in BECTS. Moreover, altered EC of Broca's area to the right putamen was significantly positively correlated with verbal IQ (VIQ), while altered EC of Broca's area to the ACC showed significantly negative correlations with the frequency of seizures. Altered EC from the left putamen to Broca's area was also significantly negatively correlated with performance IQ (PIQ) and full-scale IQ (FSIQ) in the drug-naïve group. In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between the EC of Broca's area to the left HG and the number of seizures, as well as between the EC of Broca's area to the right putamen and the age at onset in the medicated group. These findings suggest abnormal causal effects on the language network related to Broca's area in children with BECTS. Longitudinal investigation of language network development and further follow-up may be needed to illuminate the changes in organization and rebalancing over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650051, China
| | - Juan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637503, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637503, China
| | - Ruhui Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637503, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637503, China
| | - Yanbing Han
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650051, China
- Correspondence:
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2
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Bo J, Acluche F, Lasutschinkow PC, Augustiniak A, Ditchfield N, Lajiness-O'Neill R. Motor networks in children with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review on EEG studies. Exp Brain Res 2022; 240:3073-3087. [PMID: 36260095 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06483-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Motor disturbance and altered motor networks are commonly reported in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It has been suggested that electroencephalogram (EEG) can be used to provide exquisite temporal resolution for understanding motor control processes in ASD. However, the variability of study design and EEG approaches can impact our interpretation. Here, we conducted a systematic review on recent 11 EEG studies that involve motor observation and/or execution tasks and evaluated how these findings help us understand motor difficulties in ASD. Three behavior paradigms with different EEG analytic methods were demonstrated. The main findings were quite mixed: children with ASD did not always show disrupted neuronal activity during motor observation. Additionally, they might have intact ability for movement execution but have more difficulties in neuronal modulation during movement preparation. We would like to promote discussions on how methodological selections of behavioral tasks and data analytic approaches impact our interpretation of motor deficits in ASD. Future EEG research addressing the inconsistency across methodological approaches is necessary to help us understand neurophysiological mechanism of motor abnormalities in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Bo
- Department of Psychology, Eastern Michigan University, 341 MJ Science Building, Ypsilanti, MI, 48197, USA. .,Neuroscience Program, Eastern Michigan University, 341 MJ Science Building, Ypsilanti, MI, 48197, USA.
| | - Frantzy Acluche
- Department of Psychology, Eastern Michigan University, 341 MJ Science Building, Ypsilanti, MI, 48197, USA
| | - Patricia C Lasutschinkow
- Department of Psychology, Eastern Michigan University, 341 MJ Science Building, Ypsilanti, MI, 48197, USA
| | - Alyssa Augustiniak
- Department of Psychology, Eastern Michigan University, 341 MJ Science Building, Ypsilanti, MI, 48197, USA
| | - Noelle Ditchfield
- Department of Psychology, Eastern Michigan University, 341 MJ Science Building, Ypsilanti, MI, 48197, USA
| | - Renee Lajiness-O'Neill
- Department of Psychology, Eastern Michigan University, 341 MJ Science Building, Ypsilanti, MI, 48197, USA.,Neuroscience Program, Eastern Michigan University, 341 MJ Science Building, Ypsilanti, MI, 48197, USA
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3
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Zhang Y, Chen W, Lin CL, Pei Z, Chen J, Wang D. Synchronous analyses between electroencephalogram and surface electromyogram based on motor imagery and motor execution. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:115114. [PMID: 36461556 DOI: 10.1063/5.0110827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The functional coupling of the cerebral cortex and muscle contraction indicates that electroencephalogram (EEG) and surface electromyogram (sEMG) signals are coherent. The objective of this study is to clearly describe the coupling relationship between EEG and sEMG through a variety of analysis methods. We collected the EEG and sEMG data of left- or right-hand motor imagery and motor execution from six healthy subjects and six stroke patients. To enhance the coherence coefficient between EEG and sEMG signals, the algorithm of EEG modification based on the peak position of sEMG signals is proposed. Through analyzing a variety of signal synchronization analysis methods, the most suitable coherence analysis algorithm is selected. In addition, the wavelet coherence analysis method based on time spectrum estimation was used to study the linear correlation characteristics of the frequency domain components of EEG and sEMG signals, which verified that wavelet coherence analysis can effectively describe the temporal variation characteristics of EEG-sEMG coherence. In the task of motor imagery, the significant EEG-sEMG coherence is mainly in the imagination process with the frequency distribution of the alpha and beta frequency bands; in the task of motor execution, the significant EEG-sEMG coherence mainly concentrates before and during the task with the frequency distribution of the alpha, beta, and gamma frequency bands. The results of this study may provide a theoretical basis for the cooperative working mode of neurorehabilitation training and introduce a new method for evaluating the functional state of neural rehabilitation movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Weihai Chen
- School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Liang Lin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Zhongcai Pei
- School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianer Chen
- Department of Geriatric Rehabilitation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Daming Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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4
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Zhao X, Liu Y, Wang S, Chen J, Chen T, Liu G. Electrophysiological evidence for inhibition hypothesis of micro-expressions based on tensor component analysis and Physarum network algorithm. Neurosci Lett 2022; 790:136897. [PMID: 36195299 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The inhibition hypothesis advocated by Ekman (1985) states when an emotion is concealed or masked, the true emotion is manifested as a micro-expression (ME) which is a fleeting expression lasting for 40 to 500 ms. However, research about the inhibition hypothesis of ME from the perspective of electrophysiology is lacking. Here, we report the electrophysiological evidence obtained from an electroencephalography (EEG) data analysis method. Specifically, we designed an ME elicitation paradigm to collect data of MEs of positive emotions and EEG from 70 subjects, and proposed a method based on tensor component analysis (TCA) combined with the Physarum network (PN) algorithm to characterize the spatial, temporal, and spectral signatures of dynamic EEG data of MEs. The proposed TCA-PN methods revealed two pathways involving dorsal and ventral streams in functional brain networks of MEs, which reflected the inhibition processing and emotion arousal of MEs. The results provide evidence for the inhibition hypothesis from an electrophysiological standpoint, which allows us to better understand the neural mechanism of MEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingcong Zhao
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Southwest University, 400715, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Music, Southwest University, 400715, China
| | - Shiyuan Wang
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Southwest University, 400715, China
| | - Jiejia Chen
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Southwest University, 400715, China
| | - Tong Chen
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Southwest University, 400715, China
| | - Guangyuan Liu
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Southwest University, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, 400715, China.
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5
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Rossini PM, Miraglia F, Vecchio F, Di Iorio R, Iodice F, Cotelli M. General principles of brain electromagnetic rhythmic oscillations and implications for neuroplasticity. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2022; 184:221-237. [PMID: 35034737 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819410-2.00012-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Neuro-plasticity describes the ability of the brain in achieving novel functions, either by transforming its internal connectivity, or by changing the elements of which it is made, meaning that, only those changes, that affect both structural and functional aspects of the system, can be defined as "plastic." The concept of plasticity can be applied to molecular as well as to environmental events that can be recognized as the basic mechanism by which our brain reacts to the internal and external stimuli. When considering brain plasticity within a clinical context-that is the process linked with changes of brain functions following a lesion- the term "reorganization" is somewhat synonymous, referring to the specific types of structural/functional modifications observed as axonal sprouting, long-term synaptic potentiation/inhibition or to the plasticity related genomic responses. Furthermore, brain rewires during maturation, and aging thus maintaining a remarkable learning capacity, allowing it to acquire a wide range of skills, from motor actions to complex abstract reasoning, in a lifelong expression. In this review, the contribution on the "neuroplasticity" topic coming from advanced analysis of EEG rhythms is put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Maria Rossini
- Brain Connectivity Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience & Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesca Miraglia
- Brain Connectivity Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience & Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Vecchio
- Brain Connectivity Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience & Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy; Department of Technical and Applied Sciences, eCampus University, Novedrate (Como), Italy
| | | | - Francesco Iodice
- Brain Connectivity Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience & Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cotelli
- Neuropsychology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
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6
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Basso JC, Satyal MK, Rugh R. Dance on the Brain: Enhancing Intra- and Inter-Brain Synchrony. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 14:584312. [PMID: 33505255 PMCID: PMC7832346 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.584312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dance has traditionally been viewed from a Eurocentric perspective as a mode of self-expression that involves the human body moving through space, performed for the purposes of art, and viewed by an audience. In this Hypothesis and Theory article, we synthesize findings from anthropology, sociology, psychology, dance pedagogy, and neuroscience to propose The Synchronicity Hypothesis of Dance, which states that humans dance to enhance both intra- and inter-brain synchrony. We outline a neurocentric definition of dance, which suggests that dance involves neurobehavioral processes in seven distinct areas including sensory, motor, cognitive, social, emotional, rhythmic, and creative. We explore The Synchronicity Hypothesis of Dance through several avenues. First, we examine evolutionary theories of dance, which suggest that dance drives interpersonal coordination. Second, we examine fundamental movement patterns, which emerge throughout development and are omnipresent across cultures of the world. Third, we examine how each of the seven neurobehaviors increases intra- and inter-brain synchrony. Fourth, we examine the neuroimaging literature on dance to identify the brain regions most involved in and affected by dance. The findings presented here support our hypothesis that we engage in dance for the purpose of intrinsic reward, which as a result of dance-induced increases in neural synchrony, leads to enhanced interpersonal coordination. This hypothesis suggests that dance may be helpful to repattern oscillatory activity, leading to clinical improvements in autism spectrum disorder and other disorders with oscillatory activity impairments. Finally, we offer suggestions for future directions and discuss the idea that our consciousness can be redefined not just as an individual process but as a shared experience that we can positively influence by dancing together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C Basso
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States.,Center for Transformative Research on Health Behaviors, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States.,School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Medha K Satyal
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Rachel Rugh
- Center for Communicating Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States.,School of Performing Arts, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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7
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Brief Report: Classification of Autistic Traits According to Brain Activity Recoded by fNIRS Using ε-Complexity Coefficients. J Autism Dev Disord 2020; 51:3380-3390. [PMID: 33206269 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-020-04793-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with ASD have been shown to have different pattern of functional connectivity. In this study, brain activity of participants with many and few autistic traits, was recorded using an fNIRS device, as participants preformed an interpersonal synchronization task. This type of task involves synchronization and functional connectivity of different brain regions. A novel method for assessing signal complexity, using ε-complexity coefficients, applied for the first i.e. on fNIRS recording, was used to classify brain recording of participants with many/few autistic traits. Successful classification was achieved implying that this method may be useful for classification of fNIRS recordings and that there is a difference in brain activity between participants with low and high autistic traits as they perform an interpersonal synchronization task.
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8
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Human brain connectivity: Clinical applications for clinical neurophysiology. Clin Neurophysiol 2020; 131:1621-1651. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2020.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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9
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张 天, 王 磊, 郭 苗, 徐 桂. [Effects of virtual reality visual experience on brain functional network]. SHENG WU YI XUE GONG CHENG XUE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING = SHENGWU YIXUE GONGCHENGXUE ZAZHI 2020; 37:251-261. [PMID: 32329277 PMCID: PMC9927611 DOI: 10.7507/1001-5515.201812027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
With the wide application of virtual reality technology and the rapid popularization of virtual reality devices, the problem of brain fatigue caused by prolonged use has attracted wide attention. Sixteen healthy subjects were selected in this study. And electroencephalogram (EEG) signals were acquired synchronously while the subjects watch videos in similar types presented by traditional displayer and virtual reality separately. Two questionnaires were conducted by all subjects to evaluate the state of fatigue before and after the experiment. The mutual correlation method was selected to construct the mutual correlation brain network of EEG signals before and after watching videos in two modes. We also calculated the mutual correlation coefficient matrix and the mutual correlation binary matrix and compared the average of degree, clustering coefficient, path length, global efficiency and small world attribute during two experiments. The results showed that the subjects were easier to get fatigue by watching virtual reality video than watching video presented by traditional displayer in a certain period of time. By comparing the characteristic parameters of brain network before and after watching videos, it was found that the average degree value, the average clustering coefficient, the average global efficiency and the small world attribute decreases while the average path length value increased significantly. In addition, compared to traditional plane video, the characteristic parameters of brain network changed more greatly after watching the virtual reality video with a significant difference ( P < 0.05). This study can provide theoretical basis and experimental reference for analyzing and evaluating brain fatigue induced by virtual reality visual experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- 天恒 张
- 河北工业大学 电气工程学院 省部共建电工装备可靠性与智能化国家重点试验室(天津 300130)State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P.R.China
- 河北工业大学 电气工程学院 河北省电磁场与电器可靠性重点试验室(天津 300130)Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability of Hebei Province, School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P.R.China
| | - 磊 王
- 河北工业大学 电气工程学院 省部共建电工装备可靠性与智能化国家重点试验室(天津 300130)State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P.R.China
- 河北工业大学 电气工程学院 河北省电磁场与电器可靠性重点试验室(天津 300130)Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability of Hebei Province, School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P.R.China
| | - 苗苗 郭
- 河北工业大学 电气工程学院 省部共建电工装备可靠性与智能化国家重点试验室(天津 300130)State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P.R.China
- 河北工业大学 电气工程学院 河北省电磁场与电器可靠性重点试验室(天津 300130)Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability of Hebei Province, School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P.R.China
| | - 桂芝 徐
- 河北工业大学 电气工程学院 省部共建电工装备可靠性与智能化国家重点试验室(天津 300130)State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P.R.China
- 河北工业大学 电气工程学院 河北省电磁场与电器可靠性重点试验室(天津 300130)Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability of Hebei Province, School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P.R.China
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10
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McAuliffe D, Hirabayashi K, Adamek JH, Luo Y, Crocetti D, Pillai AS, Zhao Y, Crone NE, Mostofsky SH, Ewen JB. Increased mirror overflow movements in ADHD are associated with altered EEG alpha/beta band desynchronization. Eur J Neurosci 2019; 51:1815-1826. [PMID: 31821643 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Children with ADHD show developmentally abnormal levels of mirror overflow-unintentional movements occurring symmetrically opposite of intentional movements. Because mirror overflow correlates with ADHD behavioral symptoms, the study of disinhibition in motor control may shed light on physiologic mechanisms underlying impaired behavioral/cognitive control. This is a case-controlled study of EEG recording from 25 children with ADHD and 25 typically developing (TD) controls performing unilateral sequential finger tapping, with overflow movements measured using electronic goniometers. Consistent with previously published findings, children with ADHD showed increased mirror overflow as compared with TD peers. EEG findings revealed less lateralized alpha modulation (event-related desynchronization; ERD) and decreased magnitude of beta ERD in ADHD; both alpha and beta ERD reflect cortical activation. Moderation analysis revealed a significant association between beta ERD and overflow, independent of diagnosis; and an equivocal (p = .08) effect of diagnosis on the relationship between alpha ERD and overflow, with a significant effect in children with ADHD but not TD children. These results suggest two mechanisms involved with mirror overflow: one reflected in beta ipsilateral to the intentional movement and relevant to both children with ADHD and controls, and the other seemingly more specific to ADHD (alpha, contralateral to movement).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yu Luo
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Beihan University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Ajay S Pillai
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yi Zhao
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Stewart H Mostofsky
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joshua B Ewen
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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11
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Mazurek KA, Richardson D, Abraham N, Foxe JJ, Freedman EG. Utilizing High-Density Electroencephalography and Motion Capture Technology to Characterize Sensorimotor Integration While Performing Complex Actions. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2019; 28:287-296. [PMID: 31567095 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2019.2941574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Studies of sensorimotor integration often use sensory stimuli that require a simple motor response, such as a reach or a grasp. Recent advances in neural recording techniques, motion capture technologies, and time-synchronization methods enable studying sensorimotor integration using more complex sensory stimuli and performed actions. Here, we demonstrate that prehensile actions that require using complex sensory instructions for manipulating different objects can be characterized using high-density electroencephalography and motion capture systems. In 20 participants, we presented stimuli in different sensory modalities (visual, auditory) containing different contextual information about the object with which to interact. Neural signals recorded near motor cortex and posterior parietal cortex discharged based on both the instruction delivered and object manipulated. Additionally, kinematics of the wrist movements could be discriminated between participants. These findings demonstrate a proof-of-concept behavioral paradigm for studying sensorimotor integration of multidimensional sensory stimuli to perform complex movements. The designed framework will prove vital for studying neural control of movements in clinical populations in which sensorimotor integration is impaired due to information no longer being communicated correctly between brain regions (e.g. stroke). Such a framework is the first step towards developing a neural rehabilitative system for restoring function more effectively.
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12
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Poikonen H, Toiviainen P, Tervaniemi M. Dance on cortex: enhanced theta synchrony in experts when watching a dance piece. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 47:433-445. [PMID: 29359365 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Poikonen
- Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Petri Toiviainen
- Department of Music, Art and Culture Studies, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Mari Tervaniemi
- Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.,Cicero Learning, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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13
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Pillai AS, McAuliffe D, Lakshmanan BM, Mostofsky SH, Crone NE, Ewen JB. Altered task-related modulation of long-range connectivity in children with autism. Autism Res 2018; 11:245-257. [PMID: 28898569 PMCID: PMC5825245 DOI: 10.1002/aur.1858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Functional connectivity differences between children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing children have been described in multiple datasets. However, few studies examine the task-related changes in connectivity in disorder-relevant behavioral paradigms. In this paper, we examined the task-related changes in functional connectivity using EEG and a movement-based paradigm that has behavioral relevance to ASD. Resting-state studies motivated our hypothesis that children with ASD would show a decreased magnitude of functional connectivity during the performance of a motor-control task. Contrary to our initial hypothesis, however, we observed that task-related modulation of functional connectivity in children with ASD was in the direction opposite to that of TDs. The task-related connectivity changes were correlated with clinical symptom scores. Our results suggest that children with ASD may have differences in cortical segregation/integration during the performance of a task, and that part of the differences in connectivity modulation may serve as a compensatory mechanism. Autism Res 2018, 11: 245-257. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY Decreased connectivity between brain regions is thought to cause the symptoms of autism. Because most of our knowledge comes from data in which children are at rest, we do not know how connectivity changes directly lead to autistic behaviors, such as impaired gestures. When typically developing children produced complex movements, connectivity decreased between brain regions. In children with autism, connectivity increased. It may be that behavior-related changes in brain connectivity are more important than absolute differences in connectivity in autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay S Pillai
- Department of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Danielle McAuliffe
- Department of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
| | - Balaji M Lakshmanan
- Department of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
| | - Stewart H Mostofsky
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Nathan E Crone
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Joshua B Ewen
- Department of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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Kaur M, M Srinivasan S, N Bhat A. Comparing motor performance, praxis, coordination, and interpersonal synchrony between children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2018; 72:79-95. [PMID: 29121516 PMCID: PMC5743591 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2017.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have basic motor impairments in balance, gait, and coordination as well as autism-specific impairments in praxis/motor planning and interpersonal synchrony. Majority of the current literature focuses on isolated motor behaviors or domains. Additionally, the relationship between cognition, symptom severity, and motor performance in ASD is unclear. We used a comprehensive set of measures to compare gross and fine motor, praxis/imitation, motor coordination, and interpersonal synchrony skills across three groups of children between 5 and 12 years of age: children with ASD with high IQ (HASD), children with ASD with low IQ (LASD), and typically developing (TD) children. We used the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency and the Bilateral Motor Coordination subtest of the Sensory Integration and Praxis Tests to assess motor performance and praxis skills respectively. Children were also examined while performing simple and complex rhythmic upper and lower limb actions on their own (solo context) and with a social partner (social context). Both ASD groups had lower gross and fine motor scores, greater praxis errors in total and within various error types, lower movement rates, greater movement variability, and weaker interpersonal synchrony compared to the TD group. In addition, the LASD group had lower gross motor scores and greater mirroring errors compared to the HASD group. Overall, a variety of motor impairments are present across the entire spectrum of children with ASD, regardless of their IQ scores. Both, fine and gross motor performance significantly correlated with IQ but not with autism severity; however, praxis errors (mainly, total, overflow, and rhythmicity) strongly correlated with autism severity and not IQ. Our study findings highlight the need for clinicians and therapists to include motor evaluations and interventions in the standard-of-care of children with ASD and for the broader autism community to recognize dyspraxia as an integral part of the definition of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maninderjit Kaur
- Physical Therapy Department & The Biomechanics & Movement Science Program, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713, USA
| | - Sudha M Srinivasan
- Physical Therapy Department & The Biomechanics & Movement Science Program, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713, USA
| | - Anjana N Bhat
- Physical Therapy Department & The Biomechanics & Movement Science Program, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713, USA; Physical Therapy Program, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
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15
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Žarić G, Correia JM, Fraga González G, Tijms J, van der Molen MW, Blomert L, Bonte M. Altered patterns of directed connectivity within the reading network of dyslexic children and their relation to reading dysfluency. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2017; 23:1-13. [PMID: 27919003 PMCID: PMC6987659 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Reading is a complex cognitive skill subserved by a distributed network of visual and language-related regions. Disruptions of connectivity within this network have been associated with developmental dyslexia but their relation to individual differences in the severity of reading problems remains unclear. Here we investigate whether dysfunctional connectivity scales with the level of reading dysfluency by examining EEG recordings during visual word and false font processing in 9-year-old typically reading children (TR) and two groups of dyslexic children: severely dysfluent (SDD) and moderately dysfluent (MDD) dyslexics. Results indicated weaker occipital to inferior-temporal connectivity for words in both dyslexic groups relative to TRs. Furthermore, SDDs exhibited stronger connectivity from left central to right inferior-temporal and occipital sites for words relative to TRs, and for false fonts relative to both MDDs and TRs. Importantly, reading fluency was positively related with forward and negatively with backward connectivity. Our results suggest disrupted visual processing of words in both dyslexic groups, together with a compensatory recruitment of right posterior brain regions especially in the SDDs during word and false font processing. Functional connectivity in the brain's reading network may thus depend on the level of reading dysfluency beyond group differences between dyslexic and typical readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gojko Žarić
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Oxfordlaan 55, 6229EV Maastricht, Netherlands; Maastricht Brain Imaging Center (M-BIC), Oxfordlaan 55, 6229EV Maastricht, Netherlands.
| | - João M Correia
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Oxfordlaan 55, 6229EV Maastricht, Netherlands; Maastricht Brain Imaging Center (M-BIC), Oxfordlaan 55, 6229EV Maastricht, Netherlands.
| | - Gorka Fraga González
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 129, 1018 WS Amsterdam, Netherlands; Rudolf Berlin Center, Valckenierstraat 65-67, 1018 XE Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Jurgen Tijms
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 129, 1018 WS Amsterdam, Netherlands; IWAL Institute, Prins Hendrikkade 84, 1012 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Maurtis W van der Molen
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 129, 1018 WS Amsterdam, Netherlands; Amsterdam Brain and Cognition, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 129B 1018WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Leo Blomert
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Oxfordlaan 55, 6229EV Maastricht, Netherlands; Maastricht Brain Imaging Center (M-BIC), Oxfordlaan 55, 6229EV Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Milene Bonte
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Oxfordlaan 55, 6229EV Maastricht, Netherlands; Maastricht Brain Imaging Center (M-BIC), Oxfordlaan 55, 6229EV Maastricht, Netherlands.
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Ewen JB, Lakshmanan BM, Pillai AS, McAuliffe D, Nettles C, Hallett M, Crone NE, Mostofsky SH. Decreased Modulation of EEG Oscillations in High-Functioning Autism during a Motor Control Task. Front Hum Neurosci 2016; 10:198. [PMID: 27199719 PMCID: PMC4858522 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are thought to result in part from altered cortical excitatory-inhibitory balance; this pathophysiology may impact the generation of oscillations on electroencephalogram (EEG). We investigated premotor-parietal cortical physiology associated with praxis, which has strong theoretical and empirical associations with ASD symptomatology. Twenty five children with high-functioning ASD (HFA) and 33 controls performed a praxis task involving the pantomiming of tool use, while EEG was recorded. We assessed task-related modulation of signal power in alpha and beta frequency bands. Compared with controls, subjects with HFA showed 27% less left central (motor/premotor) beta (18–22 Hz) event-related desynchronization (ERD; p = 0.030), as well as 24% less left parietal alpha (7–13 Hz) ERD (p = 0.046). Within the HFA group, blunting of central ERD attenuation was associated with impairments in clinical measures of praxis imitation (r = −0.4; p = 0.04) and increased autism severity (r = 0.48; p = 0.016). The modulation of central beta activity is associated, among other things, with motor imagery, which may be necessary for imitation. Impaired imitation has been associated with core features of ASD. Altered modulation of oscillatory activity may be mechanistically involved in those aspects of motor network function that relate to the core symptoms of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua B Ewen
- Department of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger InstituteBaltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MD, USA
| | - Balaji M Lakshmanan
- Department of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ajay S Pillai
- Department of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger InstituteBaltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, USA; Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, MD, USA
| | - Danielle McAuliffe
- Department of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carrie Nettles
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mark Hallett
- Human Motor Control Section, Medical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nathan E Crone
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stewart H Mostofsky
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, USA; Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger InstituteBaltimore, MD, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, USA
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17
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Ewen JB, Pillai AS, McAuliffe D, Lakshmanan BM, Ament K, Hallett M, Crone NE, Mostofsky SH. Practicing Novel, Praxis-Like Movements: Physiological Effects of Repetition. Front Hum Neurosci 2016; 10:22. [PMID: 26903835 PMCID: PMC4742527 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Our primary goal was to develop and validate a task that could provide evidence about how humans learn praxis gestures, such as those involving the use of tools. To that end, we created a video-based task in which subjects view a model performing novel, meaningless one-handed actions with kinematics similar to praxis gestures. Subjects then imitated the movements with their right hand. Trials were repeated six times to examine practice effects. EEG was recorded during the task. As a control, subjects watched videos of a model performing a well-established (over learned) tool-use gesture. These gestures were also imitated six times. Demonstrating convergent validity, EEG measures of task-related cortical activation were similar in topography and frequency between the novel gesture task and the overlearned, praxis gesture task. As in studies assessing motor skill learning with simpler tasks, cortical activation during novel gesture learning decreased as the same gestures were repeated. In the control condition, repetition of overlearned tool-use gestures were also associated with reductions in activation, though to a lesser degree. Given that even overlearned, praxis gestures show constriction of EEG activity with repetition, it is possible that that attentional effects drive some of the repetition effects seen in EEG measures of activation during novel gesture repetition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua B. Ewen
- Clinical Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger InstituteBaltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University Krieger School of Arts and SciencesBaltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ajay S. Pillai
- Clinical Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger InstituteBaltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, USA
| | - Danielle McAuliffe
- Clinical Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger InstituteBaltimore, MD, USA
| | - Balaji M. Lakshmanan
- Clinical Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger InstituteBaltimore, MD, USA
| | - Katarina Ament
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger InstituteBaltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mark Hallett
- Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nathan E. Crone
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stewart H. Mostofsky
- Clinical Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger InstituteBaltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger InstituteBaltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, USA
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