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No evidence for auditory N1 dishabituation in healthy adults after presentation of rare novel distractors. Int J Psychophysiol 2022; 174:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2022.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Rosburg T, Mager R. The reduced auditory evoked potential component N1 after repeated stimulation: Refractoriness hypothesis vs. habituation account. Hear Res 2020; 400:108140. [PMID: 33316574 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2020.108140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Similar to other event-related potential (ERP) components, the amplitude of the auditory evoked N1 depends on the interstimulus interval (ISI). At ISIs > 0.4 s, the amplitude of the N1 increases with longer ISIs, until it saturates at ISIs around 10 s. This amplitude increase with increasing ISI has been conceptualized as a function of N1 recovery or N1 refractoriness. Habituation (as a simple form of learning) represents an elaborated, opposing account for such stimulus repetition effects. For passive oddball experiments (stimulation protocols with frequent standards and rare deviants), the two accounts make different predictions. According to the habituation account, the presentation of small deviants should lead to an increased N1 for subsequent standards (= dishabituation); according to the N1 refractoriness account, there should be no or just minor effects on the N1. In the current study, we tested these predictions and compared the ERPs to standards after small deviants and to standards preceded by other standards. We observed that the ERPs to standards after small deviants were characterized by a small mismatch negativity with an onset latency > 150 ms, but the N1 to standards after deviants did not differ from the N1 to standards preceded by other standards. This negative finding is in line with other previous studies that were also not able to reveal evidence for N1 dishabituation. Aside from this repeated lack of evidence for dishabituation, the N1 habituation account is challenged by the finding that the N1 decrease is stronger for more intense stimuli. Overall, the current and previous findings are more compatible with the N1 refractoriness account, although the mechanisms underlying N1 refractoriness remain to be elucidated. Knowledge about these mechanisms would also help to understand why N1 deficits in schizophrenia are more pronounced at longer ISIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timm Rosburg
- Basel University Hospital, Department of Clinical Research, Evidence-based Insurance Medicine (EbIM), Spitalstrasse 12, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Ralph Mager
- Basel University, University Psychiatric Clinics, Forensic Department, Basel, Switzerland
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Dauer T, Nerness B, Fujioka T. Predictability of higher-order temporal structure of musical stimuli is associated with auditory evoked response. Int J Psychophysiol 2020; 153:53-64. [PMID: 32325078 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Sound predictability resulting from repetitive patterns can be implicitly learned and often neither requires nor captures our conscious attention. Recently, predictive coding theory has been used as a framework to explain how predictable or expected stimuli evoke and gradually attenuate obligatory neural responses over time compared to those elicited by unpredictable events. However, these results were obtained using the repetition of simple auditory objects such as pairs of tones or phonemes. Here we examined whether the same principle would hold for more abstract temporal structures of sounds. If this is the case, we hypothesized that a regular repetition schedule of a set of musical patterns would reduce neural processing over the course of listening compared to stimuli with an irregular repetition schedule (and the same set of musical patterns). Electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded while participants passively listened to 6-8 min stimulus sequences in which five different four-tone patterns with temporally regular or irregular repetition were presented successively in a randomized order. N1 amplitudes in response to the first tone of each musical pattern were significantly less negative at the end of the regular sequence compared to the beginning, while such reduction was absent in the irregular sequence. These results extend previous findings by showing that N1 reflects automatic learning of the predictable higher-order structure of sound sequences, while continuous engagement of preattentive auditory processing is necessary for the unpredictable structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tysen Dauer
- Department of Music, Stanford University, United States.
| | - Barbara Nerness
- Department of Music, Stanford University, United States; Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics, Department of Music, Stanford University, United States
| | - Takako Fujioka
- Department of Music, Stanford University, United States; Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics, Department of Music, Stanford University, United States; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, United States
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Cortesa CS, Hudac CM, Molfese DL. Dynamic effects of habituation and novelty detection on newborn event-related potentials. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2019; 199:104695. [PMID: 31610478 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2019.104695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Newborns habituate to repeated auditory stimuli, and discriminate syllables, generating opportunities for early language learning. This study investigated trial-by-trial changes in newborn electrophysiological responses to auditory speech syllables as an index of habituation and novelty detection. Auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from 16 term newborn infants, aged 1-3 days, in response to monosyllabic speech syllables presented during habituation and novelty detection tasks. Multilevel models demonstrated that newborns habituated to repeated auditory syllables, as ERP amplitude attenuated for a late-latency component over successive trials. Subsequently, during the novelty detection task, early- and late-latency component amplitudes decreased over successive trials for novel syllables only, indicating encoding of the novel speech syllable. We conclude that newborns dynamically encoded novel syllables over relatively short time periods, as indicated by a systematic change in response patterns with increased exposure. These results have important implications for understanding early precursors of learning and memory in newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathryn S Cortesa
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 238 Burnett Hall, Lincoln NE 68588, USA; University of Nebraska-Lincoln Center for Brain, Biology and Behavior, C89 East Stadium, Lincoln NE 68588, USA.
| | - Caitlin M Hudac
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 238 Burnett Hall, Lincoln NE 68588, USA; University of Nebraska-Lincoln Center for Brain, Biology and Behavior, C89 East Stadium, Lincoln NE 68588, USA
| | - Dennis L Molfese
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 238 Burnett Hall, Lincoln NE 68588, USA; University of Nebraska-Lincoln Center for Brain, Biology and Behavior, C89 East Stadium, Lincoln NE 68588, USA
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Liu X, Liu S, Guo D, Sheng Y, Ke Y, An X, He F, Ming D. Enhanced Auditory Steady-State Response Using an Optimized Chirp Stimulus-Evoked Paradigm. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E748. [PMID: 30759874 PMCID: PMC6387163 DOI: 10.3390/s19030748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: It has been reported recently that gamma measures of the electroencephalogram (EEG) might provide information about the candidate biomarker of mental diseases like schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, affective disorder and so on, but as we know it is a difficult issue to induce visual and tactile evoked responses at high frequencies. Although a high-frequency response evoked by auditory senses is achievable, the quality of the recording response is not ideal, such as relatively low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Recently, auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) play an essential role in the field of basic auditory studies and clinical uses. However, how to improve the quality of ASSRs is still a challenge which researchers have been working on. This study aims at designing a more comfortable and suitable evoked paradigm and then enhancing the quality of the ASSRs in healthy subjects so as to further apply it in clinical practice. Methods: Chirp and click stimuli with 40 Hz and 60 Hz were employed to evoke the gamma-ASSR respectively, and the sound adjusted to 45 dB sound pressure level (SPL). Twenty healthy subjects with normal-hearing participated, and 64-channel EEGs were simultaneously recorded during the experiment. Event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) and SNR of the ASSRs were measured and analyzed to verify the feasibility and adaptability of the proposed evoked paradigm. Results: The results showed that the evoked paradigm proposed in this study could enhance ASSRs with strong feasibility and adaptability. 1) ASSR waves in time domain indicated that 40 Hz stimuli could significantly induce larger peak-to-peak values of ASSRs compared to 60 Hz stimuli (p < 0.01**); ERSP showed that obvious ASSRs were obtained at each lead for both 40 Hz and 60 Hz, as well as the click and chirp stimuli. 2) The SNR of the ASSRs were ⁻3.23 ± 1.68, ⁻2.44 ± 2.90, ⁻4.66 ± 2.09, and ⁻3.53 ± 3.49 respectively for 40 Hz click, 40 Hz chirp, 60 Hz click and 60 Hz chirp, indicating the chirp stimuli could induce significantly better ASSR than the click, and 40 Hz ASSRs had the higher SNR than 60 Hz (p < 0.01**). Limitation: In this study, sample size was small and the age span was not large enough. Conclusions: This study verified the feasibility and adaptability of the proposed evoked paradigm to improve the quality of the gamma-ASSR, which is significant in clinical application. The results suggested that 40 Hz ASSR evoked by chirp stimuli had the best performance and was expected to be used in clinical practice, especially in the field of mental diseases such as schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, and affective disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Liu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Shuang Liu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Dongyue Guo
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Yue Sheng
- College of Precision Instruments & Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Yufeng Ke
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Xingwei An
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Feng He
- College of Precision Instruments & Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Dong Ming
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
- College of Precision Instruments & Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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Prado-Gutierrez P, Martínez-Montes E, Weinstein A, Zañartu M. Estimation of auditory steady-state responses based on the averaging of independent EEG epochs. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0206018. [PMID: 30677031 PMCID: PMC6345467 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The amplitude of auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) generated in the brainstem of rats exponentially decreases over the sequential averaging of EEG epochs. This behavior is partially due to the adaptation of the ASSR induced by the continuous and monotonous stimulation. In this study, we analyzed the potential clinical relevance of the ASSR adaptation. ASSR were elicited in eight anesthetized adult rats by 8-kHz tones, modulated in amplitude at 115 Hz. We called independent epochs to those EEG epochs acquired with sufficiently long inter-stimulus interval, so the ASSR contained in any given epoch is not affected by the previous stimulation. We tested whether the detection of ASSRs is improved when the response is computed by averaging independent EEG epochs, containing only unadapted auditory responses. The improvements in the ASSR detection obtained with standard, weighted and sorted averaging were compared. In the absence of artifacts, when the ASSR was elicited by continuous acoustic stimulation, the computation of the ASSR amplitude relied upon the averaging method. While the adaptive behavior of the ASSR was still evident after the weighting of epochs, the sorted averaging resulted in under-estimations of the ASSR amplitude. In the absence of artifacts, the ASSR amplitudes computed by averaging independent epochs did not depend on the averaging procedure. Averaging independent epochs resulted in higher ASSR amplitudes and halved the number of EEG epochs needed to be acquired to achieve the maximum detection rate of the ASSR. Acquisition protocols based on averaging independent EEG epochs, in combination with appropriate averaging methods for artifact reduction might contribute to develop more accurate hearing assessments based on ASSRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Prado-Gutierrez
- Advanced Center for Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Alejandro Weinstein
- Advanced Center for Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
- Biomedical Engineering School, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Matías Zañartu
- Advanced Center for Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
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Rieger K, Rarra MH, Diaz Hernandez L, Hubl D, Koenig T. Neurofeedback-Based Enhancement of Single-Trial Auditory Evoked Potentials: Treatment of Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Schizophrenia. Clin EEG Neurosci 2018; 49:367-378. [PMID: 29569473 DOI: 10.1177/1550059418765810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Auditory verbal hallucinations depend on a broad neurobiological network ranging from the auditory system to language as well as memory-related processes. As part of this, the auditory N100 event-related potential (ERP) component is attenuated in patients with schizophrenia, with stronger attenuation occurring during auditory verbal hallucinations. Changes in the N100 component assumingly reflect disturbed responsiveness of the auditory system toward external stimuli in schizophrenia. With this premise, we investigated the therapeutic utility of neurofeedback training to modulate the auditory-evoked N100 component in patients with schizophrenia and associated auditory verbal hallucinations. Ten patients completed electroencephalography neurofeedback training for modulation of N100 (treatment condition) or another unrelated component, P200 (control condition). On a behavioral level, only the control group showed a tendency for symptom improvement in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale total score in a pre-/postcomparison ( t(4) = 2.71, P = .054); however, no significant differences were found in specific hallucination related symptoms ( t(7) = -0.53, P = .62). There was no significant overall effect of neurofeedback training on ERP components in our paradigm; however, we were able to identify different learning patterns, and found a correlation between learning and improvement in auditory verbal hallucination symptoms across training sessions ( r = 0.664, n = 9, P = .05). This effect results, with cautious interpretation due to the small sample size, primarily from the treatment group ( r = 0.97, n = 4, P = .03). In particular, a within-session learning parameter showed utility for predicting symptom improvement with neurofeedback training. In conclusion, patients with schizophrenia and associated auditory verbal hallucinations who exhibit a learning pattern more characterized by within-session aptitude may benefit from electroencephalography neurofeedback. Furthermore, independent of the training group, a significant spatial pre-post difference was found in the event-related component P200 ( P = .04).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Rieger
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,2 Center for Cognition, Learning and Memory, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Helene Rarra
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Laura Diaz Hernandez
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Hubl
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Koenig
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,2 Center for Cognition, Learning and Memory, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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8
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Rieger K, Rarra MH, Moor N, Diaz Hernandez L, Baenninger A, Razavi N, Dierks T, Hubl D, Koenig T. Neurofeedback-Based Enhancement of Single Trial Auditory Evoked Potentials: Feasibility in Healthy Subjects. Clin EEG Neurosci 2018; 49:79-92. [PMID: 28516807 DOI: 10.1177/1550059417708935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies showed a global reduction of the event-related potential component N100 in patients with schizophrenia, a phenomenon that is even more pronounced during auditory verbal hallucinations. This reduction assumingly results from dysfunctional activation of the primary auditory cortex by inner speech, which reduces its responsiveness to external stimuli. With this study, we tested the feasibility of enhancing the responsiveness of the primary auditory cortex to external stimuli with an upregulation of the event-related potential component N100 in healthy control subjects. A total of 15 healthy subjects performed 8 double-sessions of EEG-neurofeedback training over 2 weeks. The results of the used linear mixed effect model showed a significant active learning effect within sessions ( t = 5.99, P < .001) against an unspecific habituation effect that lowered the N100 amplitude over time. Across sessions, a significant increase in the passive condition ( t = 2.42, P = .03), named as carry-over effect, was observed. Given that the carry-over effect is one of the ultimate aims of neurofeedback, it seems reasonable to apply this neurofeedback training protocol to influence the N100 amplitude in patients with schizophrenia. This intervention could provide an alternative treatment option for auditory verbal hallucinations in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Rieger
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,2 Center for Cognition, Learning and Memory, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Helene Rarra
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Moor
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Laura Diaz Hernandez
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,2 Center for Cognition, Learning and Memory, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anja Baenninger
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nadja Razavi
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Dierks
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Hubl
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Koenig
- 1 Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,2 Center for Cognition, Learning and Memory, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Frölich MA, Banks C, Ness TJ. The Effect of Sedation on Cortical Activation: A Randomized Study Comparing the Effects of Sedation With Midazolam, Propofol, and Dexmedetomidine on Auditory Processing. Anesth Analg 2017; 124:1603-1610. [PMID: 28333707 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000002021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Every day, millions of people undergo surgical procedures facilitated by anesthesia. Yet, there is no clinically accepted measure to predict the effects of sedation or anesthesia on the central nervous system. Auditory brain activation may provide an objective and quantifiable method to measure of the effects of sedation on neuronal processing. METHODS This is a randomized clinical trial. Forty-eight healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to receive 1 of 3 sedative drugs (midazolam [n = 11], propofol [n = 12], or dexmedetomidine [n = 12]) at a concentration adjusted to achieve mild sedation by self-rating, or to a no-drug control group (n = 13). Participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while listening to music in a 5-minute block design experiment. We tested the hypothesis that mild sedation changes the magnitude or extent of cortical activation of an auditory stimulus. RESULTS We observed a significant reduction in auditory activation in both the dexmedetomidine (P = .001) and midazolam (P = .029) but not the propofol group (P = .619) when compared with saline control. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that, compared with saline control, there is a significant reduction of brain activation in the auditory cortex in response to midazolam and dexmedetomidine but not propofol when given at mildly sedative doses. This method serves as a novel approach to quantify the effects of sedative agents in an objective fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Frölich
- From the *Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, Alabama; and †Emory Health Care System, Atlanta, Georgia
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Silva DMR, Melges DB, Rothe-Neves R. N1 response attenuation and the mismatch negativity (MMN) to within- and across-category phonetic contrasts. Psychophysiology 2017; 54:591-600. [PMID: 28169421 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.12824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
According to the neural adaptation model of the mismatch negativity (MMN), the sensitivity of this event-related response to both acoustic and categorical information in speech sounds can be accounted for by assuming that (a) the degree of overlapping between neural representations of two sounds depends on both the acoustic difference between them and whether or not they belong to distinct phonetic categories, and (b) a release from stimulus-specific adaptation causes an enhanced N1 obligatory response to infrequent deviant stimuli. On the basis of this view, we tested in Experiment 1 whether the N1 response to the second sound of a pair (S2 ) would be more attenuated in pairs of identical vowels compared with pairs of different vowels, and in pairs of exemplars of the same vowel category compared with pairs of exemplars of different categories. The psychoacoustic distance between S1 and S2 was the same for all within-category and across-category pairs. While N1 amplitudes decreased markedly from S1 to S2 , responses to S2 were quite similar across pair types, indicating that the attenuation effect in such conditions is not stimulus specific. In Experiment 2, a pronounced MMN was elicited by a deviant vowel sound in an across-category oddball sequence, but not when the exact same deviant vowel was presented in a within-category oddball sequence. This adds evidence that MMN reflects categorical phonetic processing. Taken together, the results suggest that different neural processes underlie the attenuation of the N1 response to S2 and the MMN to vowels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M R Silva
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Danilo B Melges
- Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rui Rothe-Neves
- Phonetics Lab, Faculty of Letters, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Hartkopf J, Schleger F, Weiss M, Hertrich I, Kiefer-Schmidt I, Preissl H, Muenssinger J. Neuromagnetic signatures of syllable processing in fetuses and infants provide no evidence for habituation. Early Hum Dev 2016; 100:61-6. [PMID: 27423115 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Habituation, as a basic form of learning, is characterized by decreasing amplitudes of neuronal reaction following repeated stimuli. Recent studies indicate that habituation to pure tones of different frequencies occurs in fetuses and infants. AIMS Neural processing of different syllables in fetuses and infants was investigated. STUDY DESIGN An auditory habituation paradigm including two different sequences of syllables was presented to each subject. Each sequence consisted of eight syllables (sequence /ba/: 5× /ba/, 1× /bi/ (dishabituator), 2× /ba/; sequence /bi/: 5× /bi/, 1× /ba/ (dishabituator), 2× /bi/). Each subject was stimulated with 140 sequences. Neuromagnetic signatures of auditory-evoked responses (AER) were recorded by fetal magnetoencephalography (fMEG). SUBJECTS Magnetic brain signals of N=30 fetuses (age: 28-39weeks of gestation) and N=28 infants (age: 0-3months) were recorded. Forty-two of the 60 fetal recordings and 29 of the 58 infant recordings were included in the final analysis. OUTCOME MEASURES AERs were recorded and amplitudes were normalized to the amplitude of the first stimulus. RESULTS In both fetuses and infants, the amplitudes of AERs were found not to decrease with repeated stimulation. In infants, however, amplitude of syllable 6 (dishabituator) was significantly increased compared to syllable 5 (p=0.026). CONCLUSIONS Fetuses and infants showed AERs to syllables. Unlike fetuses, infants showed a discriminative neural response to syllables. Habituation was not observed in either fetuses or infants. These findings could be important for the investigation of early cognitive competencies and may help to gain a better understanding of language acquisition during child development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Hartkopf
- fMEG Center, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Franziska Schleger
- fMEG Center, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tuebingen, Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Magdalene Weiss
- fMEG Center, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ingo Hertrich
- Hertie Center for Neurology, Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Isabelle Kiefer-Schmidt
- fMEG Center, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Hubert Preissl
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tuebingen, Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Angiology, Nephrology and Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jana Muenssinger
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum Bayreuth GmbH, Bayreuth, Germany
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