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Bonfanti D, Mazzi C, Savazzi S. Mapping the routes of perception: Hemispheric asymmetries in signal propagation dynamics. Psychophysiology 2024; 61:e14529. [PMID: 38279560 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
The visual system has long been considered equivalent across hemispheres. However, an increasing amount of data shows that functional differences may exist in this regard. We therefore tried to characterize the emergence of visual perception and the spatiotemporal dynamics resulting from the stimulation of visual cortices in order to detect possible interhemispheric asymmetries. Eighteen participants were tested. Each of them received 360 transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) pulses at phosphene threshold intensity over left and right early visual areas while electroencephalography was being recorded. After each single pulse, participants had to report the presence or absence of a phosphene. Local mean field power analysis of TMS-evoked potentials showed an effect of both site (left vs. right TMS) of stimulation and hemisphere (ipsilateral vs. contralateral to the TMS): while right TMS determined early stronger activations, left TMS determined later stronger activity in contralateral electrodes. The interhemispheric signal propagation index revealed differences in how TMS-evoked activity spreads: left TMS-induced activity diffused contralaterally more than right stimulation. With regard to phosphenes perception, distinct electrophysiological patterns were found to reflect similar perceptual experiences: left TMS-evoked phosphenes are associated with early occipito-parietal and frontal activity followed by late central activity; right TMS-evoked phosphenes determine only late, fronto-central, and parietal activations. Our results show that left and right occipital TMS elicits differential electrophysiological patterns in the brain, both per se and as a function of phosphene perception. These distinct activation patterns may suggest a different role of the two hemispheres in processing visual information and giving rise to perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Bonfanti
- Perception and Awareness (PandA) Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Chiara Mazzi
- Perception and Awareness (PandA) Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Savazzi
- Perception and Awareness (PandA) Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Goh KK, Chen CH, Wu TH, Chiu YH, Lu ML. Efficacy and safety of intermittent theta-burst stimulation in patients with schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of randomized sham-controlled trials. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:944437. [PMID: 36071833 PMCID: PMC9441632 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.944437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Theta-burst stimulation is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that was introduced as a potential augmentation treatment for patients with schizophrenia. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of intermittent theta-burst stimulation in patients with schizophrenia. Following the PRISMA guidelines, the MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus, Web of Science, and CNKI databases were searched for relevant studies from database inception to 9 January 2022. Change in symptom severity among patients with schizophrenia was the primary outcome, and changes in cognitive function and safety profiles, including the discontinuation rate and adverse events, were secondary outcomes. In total, 13 double-blind randomized sham-controlled trials with 524 patients were included. Intermittent theta-burst stimulation adjunct to antipsychotics was associated with significantly improved psychopathology in patients with schizophrenia, particularly for negative symptoms and general psychopathology but not for positive symptoms or cognitive function. The stimulation parameters influenced the effectiveness of intermittent theta-burst stimulation. A more favorable effect was observed in patients who received theta-burst stimulation at the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, with ≥1800 pulses per day, for ≥20 sessions, and using an inactive sham coil as a placebo comparison in the study. The intermittent theta-burst stimulation is well tolerated and safe in patients with schizophrenia. Intermittent theta-burst stimulation adjunct to antipsychotics treatment is associated with significant improvement in negative symptoms and favorable tolerability in patients with schizophrenia. This meta-analysis may provide insights into the use of intermittent theta-burst stimulation as an additional treatment to alleviate the negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kah Kheng Goh
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Psychiatric Research Centre, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Psychiatric Research Centre, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- Psychiatric Research Centre, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hang Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Psychiatric Research Centre, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Liang Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Psychiatric Research Centre, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Mong-Liang Lu,
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D'Ambrosio S, Jiménez‐Jiménez D, Silvennoinen K, Zagaglia S, Perulli M, Poole J, Comolatti R, Fecchio M, Sisodiya SM, Balestrini S. Physiological symmetry of transcranial magnetic stimulation-evoked EEG spectral features. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:5465-5477. [PMID: 35866186 PMCID: PMC9704783 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-evoked EEG potentials (TEPs) have been used to study the excitability of different cortical areas (CAs) in humans. Characterising the interhemispheric symmetry of TMS-EEG may provide further understanding of structure-function association in physiological and pathological conditions. We hypothesise that, in keeping with the underlying cytoarchitectonics, TEPs in contralateral homologous CAs share similar, symmetric spectral features, whilst ipsilateral TEPs from different CAs diverge in their waveshape and frequency content. We performed single-pulse (<1 Hz) navigated monophasic TMS, combined with high-density EEG with active electrodes, in 10 healthy participants. We targeted two bilateral CAs: premotor and motor. We compared frequency power bands, computed Pearson correlation coefficient (R) and Correlated Component Analysis (CorrCA) to detect divergences, as well as common components across TEPs. The main frequency of TEPs was faster in premotor than in motor CAs (p < .05) across all participants. Frequencies were not different between contralateral homologous CAs, whilst, despite closer proximity, there was a significant difference between ipsilateral premotor and motor CAs (p > .5), with frequency decreasing from anterior to posterior CAs. Correlation was high between contralateral homologous CAs and low between ipsilateral CAs. When applying CorrCA, specific components were shared by contralateral homologous TEPs. We show physiological symmetry of TEP spectral features between contralateral homologous CAs, whilst ipsilateral premotor and motor TEPs differ despite lower geometrical distance. Our findings support the role of TEPs as biomarker of local cortical properties and provide a first reference dataset for TMS-EEG studies in asymmetric brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasha D'Ambrosio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK,The Chalfont Centre for EpilepsyChalfont St. PeterUK
| | - Diego Jiménez‐Jiménez
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK,The Chalfont Centre for EpilepsyChalfont St. PeterUK
| | - Katri Silvennoinen
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK,The Chalfont Centre for EpilepsyChalfont St. PeterUK,Neuro CenterKuopio University HospitalKuopioFinland
| | - Sara Zagaglia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK,The Chalfont Centre for EpilepsyChalfont St. PeterUK
| | - Marco Perulli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK,The Chalfont Centre for EpilepsyChalfont St. PeterUK,Department of NeuroscienceCatholic University of the Sacred HeartRomeItaly
| | - Josephine Poole
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK,The Chalfont Centre for EpilepsyChalfont St. PeterUK
| | - Renzo Comolatti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche “L. Sacco”Università degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Matteo Fecchio
- Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Sanjay M. Sisodiya
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK,The Chalfont Centre for EpilepsyChalfont St. PeterUK
| | - Simona Balestrini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental EpilepsyUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK,The Chalfont Centre for EpilepsyChalfont St. PeterUK,Neuroscience DepartmentMeyer Children's Hospital‐University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
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Fu X, Ding Y, Chen J, Liu F, Li H, Zhao J, Guo W. Altered Brain Functional Asymmetry in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder Related to Gastrointestinal Symptoms. Front Neurosci 2022; 15:797598. [PMID: 35250436 PMCID: PMC8891942 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.797598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveDisrupted brain functional asymmetry has been reported in major depressive disorder (MDD). The comorbidity may be a crucial factor to this functional asymmetry. It is quite common that gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are comorbid with MDD, but limited evidence focuses on the effect of GI comorbidity on the neuropathology of MDD from a functional lateralization perspective.MethodsResting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was obtained in 28 healthy controls (HCs), 35 MDD patients with GI symptoms (GI-MDD patients), and 17 patients with MDD without GI symptoms (nGI-MDD patients). The parameter of asymmetry (PAS) was used to analyze the imaging data and evaluate the changes of functional asymmetry.ResultsThe GI-MDD patients showed increased PAS scores in the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and superior medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and decreased PAS scores in the right postcentral gyrus in comparison with nGI-MDD patients. The PAS scores of the left IFG and left superior MPFC were correlated with the severity of GI problems and could be applied to distinguish GI-MDD patients from nGI-MDD patients with an accuracy, a sensitivity, and a specificity of 92.31, 100, and 76.47%, respectively. Furthermore, GI-MDD and nGI-MDD patients both displayed increased PAS scores in the PCC/precuneus.ConclusionsThis study revealed the influence of concomitant GI symptoms on functional asymmetry in MDD patients. Increased PAS scores of the left IFG and superior MPFC might represent an unbalanced regulation of brain over GI function and had the potential to be regarded as distinctive features related to functional GI symptoms in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Fu
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yudan Ding
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jindong Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Huabing Li
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jingping Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenbin Guo
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
- *Correspondence: Wenbin Guo,
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