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Zhang Y, Yang JY, Chen JQ, Liao JH, Huang ZW, Wu TH, He Q, Yu XB, Wang Q, Song WJ, Luo J, Tao QW. Disease Duration Affects the Clinical Phenotype of Primary Sjögren Syndrome: A Medical Records Review Study of 952 Cases. J Clin Rheumatol 2024:00124743-990000000-00190. [PMID: 38389137 DOI: 10.1097/rhu.0000000000002076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the impact of disease duration on clinical phenotypes in Chinese patients with primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) and examine the correlation between clinical phenotypes and onset age, age at diagnosis, and disease duration. METHODS Data from 952 patients diagnosed with pSS in China between January 2013 and March 2022 were analyzed based on medical records. Patients were categorized into 3 groups based on disease duration: short (<5 years), moderate (≥5 and <10 years), and long (≥10 years) group. Clinical characteristics were compared among the 3 groups, and pSS patients with a long disease duration were compared with the other patients after matching age at diagnosis and age at onset. RESULTS Among the patients, 20.4% had a disease duration over 10 years. After matching for age at onset and age at diagnosis, pSS patients with a long disease duration exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of dry mouth (p <0.001), dry eyes (p <0.001), fatigue (p <0.001), arthralgia (p <0.001), and dental caries (p <0.001) and higher rates of anti-Sjögren syndrome A (p < 0.05), anti-Ro52 (p < 0.05), and anti-SSB (p < 0.05) positivity than their control groups, with prevalence increasing with disease duration (ptrend < 0.001). However, no differences were noted in the prevalence of interstitial lung disease and leukopenia between different disease duration groups after matching for age at onset, although differences were shown when matching for age at diagnosis. CONCLUSION Longer disease duration in pSS patients correlates with increased prevalence of sicca symptoms, fatigue, and arthralgia and higher positivity of autoantibodies associated with pSS. However, the prevalence of interstitial lung disease and leukopenia did not correlate with disease duration after matching for age at onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- From the Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Jian-Ying Yang
- From the Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Jia-Qi Chen
- From the Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Jia-He Liao
- From the Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Zi-Wei Huang
- From the Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- From the Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Qian He
- From the Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Xin-Bo Yu
- From the Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Qin Wang
- From the Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Wei-Jiang Song
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Peking University Third Hospital
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Chen J, He Q, Yang J, Wu T, Huang Z, Zhang Y, Liao J, Zhang L, Yu X, Yao C, Luo J, Tao Q. Anti-SSA/SSB-negative primary Sjögren's syndrome showing different clinical phenotypes: a retrospective study of 934 cases. Adv Rheumatol 2023; 63:21. [PMID: 37189182 DOI: 10.1186/s42358-023-00304-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, only a few studies have described the general characteristics of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) who tested negatives for anti-SSA and anti-SSB antibodies. We aimed to further investigate the clinical characteristics of these patients in a large sample. METHODS Data from patients with pSS who were treated at a tertiary hospital in China between 2013 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical characteristics of the patients were compared between those with and without anti-SSA and anti-SSB antibody negativity. Factors associated with anti-SSA and anti-SSB negativity were identified by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Overall, 934 patients with pSS were included in this study, among whom 299 (32.0%) tested negative for anti-SSA and anti-SSB antibodies. Compared with patients testing positive for anti-SSA or anti-SSB antibodies, that testing negative for the two antibodies had a lower proportion of females (75.3% vs. 90.6%, p < 0.001) and thrombocytopenia (6.7% vs. 13.6%, p = 0.002), but a higher proportion of abnormal Schirmer I tests (96.0% vs. 89.1%, p = 0.001) and interstitial lung disease (ILD) (59.2% vs. 28.8%, p = 0.001). Anti-SSA and anti-SSB negativity was positively associated with male sex (odds ratio [OR] = 1.86, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05, 3.31), abnormal Schirmer I tests (OR = 2.85, 95% CI: 1.24, 6.53), and ILD (OR = 2.54, 95% CI: 1.67, 3.85). However, it was negatively related to thrombocytopenia (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.24, 0.95). CONCLUSION Approximately one third of pSS patients had anti-SSA and anti-SSB negativity. pSS patients testing negative for anti-SSA and anti-SSB showed a higher risk of abnormal Schirmer I tests and ILD, but a lower risk of thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Chen
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Rheumatism, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qian He
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Rheumatism, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianying Yang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Rheumatism, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - TzuHua Wu
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Rheumatism, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ziwei Huang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Rheumatism, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Rheumatism, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahe Liao
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Rheumatism, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lining Zhang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Rheumatism, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinbo Yu
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Rheumatism, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanhui Yao
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Rheumatism, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Rheumatism, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Immune Inflammatory Disease, Beijing, China.
| | - Qingwen Tao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Rheumatism, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Immune Inflammatory Disease, Beijing, China.
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Zhang Y, Chen JQ, Yang JY, Liao JH, Wu TH, Yu XB, Huang ZW, He Q, Wang Q, Song WJ, Luo J, Tao QW. Sex Difference in Primary Sjögren Syndrome: A Medical Records Review Study. J Clin Rheumatol 2023:00124743-990000000-00104. [PMID: 37068269 PMCID: PMC10368225 DOI: 10.1097/rhu.0000000000001962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to study clinical and biological differences between men and women with primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) in China and perform a literature review to confirm if the clinical phenotypes are affected by sex in patients with pSS. METHODS Data from 961 patients with pSS treated at a tertiary hospital in China between January 2013 and March 2022 were analyzed based on medical records. Clinical characteristics, including disease manifestations and serological parameters of the disease, were compared between men and women with pSS using the Mann-Whitney U test and χ2 test. RESULTS This study included 140 (14.6%) men and 821 (85.4%) women with pSS. Women with pSS demonstrated a higher prevalence of dry mouth, dry eyes, arthralgia, and dental caries (p < 0.05); higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate and immunoglobulin M levels (p < 0.05); higher prevalence of leukopenia, neutropenia, anemia, low complement 3, and low complement 4 (p < 0.05); and higher titers of antinuclear antibody, anti-Sjögren syndrome A, anti-Ro52, and rheumatoid factor positivity (p < 0.05) than men, whereas men with pSS had a higher prevalence of parotid enlargement and interstitial lung disease (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Women with pSS are associated with more dryness, cytopenia, hypocomplementemia, and autoantibody positivity. Although men with pSS probably have lighter sicca symptoms and lower immunoactivity and serologic responses, regular monitoring of interstitial lung disease in men is vital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- From the Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Jia-Qi Chen
- From the Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Jian-Ying Yang
- From the Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Jia-He Liao
- From the Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- From the Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Xin-Bo Yu
- From the Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Zi-Wei Huang
- From the Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Qian He
- From the Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Qin Wang
- From the Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Wei-Jiang Song
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Peking University Third Hospital
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Girardi F, Matz M, Stiller C, You H, Marcos Gragera R, Valkov MY, Bulliard JL, De P, Morrison D, Wanner M, O'Brian DK, Saint-Jacques N, Coleman MP, Allemani C, Hamdi-Chérif M, Kara L, Meguenni K, Regagba D, Bayo S, Cheick Bougadari T, Manraj SS, Bendahhou K, Ladipo A, Ogunbiyi OJ, Somdyala NIM, Chaplin MA, Moreno F, Calabrano GH, Espinola SB, Carballo Quintero B, Fita R, Laspada WD, Ibañez SG, Lima CA, Da Costa AM, De Souza PCF, Chaves J, Laporte CA, Curado MP, de Oliveira JC, Veneziano CLA, Veneziano DB, Almeida ABM, Latorre MRDO, Rebelo MS, Santos MO, Azevedo e Silva G, Galaz JC, Aparicio Aravena M, Sanhueza Monsalve J, Herrmann DA, Vargas S, Herrera VM, Uribe CJ, Bravo LE, Garcia LS, Arias-Ortiz NE, Morantes D, Jurado DM, Yépez Chamorro MC, Delgado S, Ramirez M, Galán Alvarez YH, Torres P, Martínez-Reyes F, Jaramillo L, Quinto R, Castillo J, Mendoza M, Cueva P, Yépez JG, Bhakkan B, Deloumeaux J, Joachim C, Macni J, Carrillo R, Shalkow Klincovstein J, Rivera Gomez R, Perez P, Poquioma E, Tortolero-Luna G, Zavala D, Alonso R, Barrios E, Eckstrand A, Nikiforuk C, Woods RR, Noonan G, Turner D, Kumar E, Zhang B, Dowden JJ, Doyle GP, Saint-Jacques N, Walsh G, Anam A, De P, McClure CA, Vriends KA, Bertrand C, Ramanakumar AV, Davis L, Kozie S, Freeman T, George JT, Avila RM, O’Brien DK, Holt A, Almon L, Kwong S, Morris C, Rycroft R, Mueller L, Phillips CE, Brown H, Cromartie B, Ruterbusch J, Schwartz AG, Levin GM, Wohler B, Bayakly R, Ward KC, Gomez SL, McKinley M, Cress R, Davis J, Hernandez B, Johnson CJ, Morawski BM, Ruppert LP, Bentler S, Charlton ME, Huang B, Tucker TC, Deapen D, Liu L, Hsieh MC, Wu XC, Schwenn M, Stern K, Gershman ST, Knowlton RC, Alverson G, Weaver T, Desai J, Rogers DB, Jackson-Thompson J, Lemons D, Zimmerman HJ, Hood M, Roberts-Johnson J, Hammond W, Rees JR, Pawlish KS, Stroup A, Key C, Wiggins C, Kahn AR, Schymura MJ, Radhakrishnan S, Rao C, Giljahn LK, Slocumb RM, Dabbs C, Espinoza RE, Aird KG, Beran T, Rubertone JJ, Slack SJ, Oh J, Janes TA, Schwartz SM, Chiodini SC, Hurley DM, Whiteside MA, Rai S, Williams MA, Herget K, Sweeney C, Kachajian J, Keitheri Cheteri MB, Migliore Santiago P, Blankenship SE, Conaway JL, Borchers R, Malicki R, Espinoza J, Grandpre J, Weir HK, Wilson R, Edwards BK, Mariotto A, Rodriguez-Galindo C, Wang N, Yang L, Chen JS, Zhou Y, He YT, Song GH, Gu XP, Mei D, Mu HJ, Ge HM, Wu TH, Li YY, Zhao DL, Jin F, Zhang JH, Zhu FD, Junhua Q, Yang YL, Jiang CX, Biao W, Wang J, Li QL, Yi H, Zhou X, Dong J, Li W, Fu FX, Liu SZ, Chen JG, Zhu J, Li YH, Lu YQ, Fan M, Huang SQ, Guo GP, Zhaolai H, Wei K, Chen WQ, Wei W, Zeng H, Demetriou AV, Mang WK, Ngan KC, Kataki AC, Krishnatreya M, Jayalekshmi PA, Sebastian P, George PS, Mathew A, Nandakumar A, Malekzadeh R, Roshandel G, Keinan-Boker L, Silverman BG, Ito H, Koyanagi Y, Sato M, Tobori F, Nakata I, Teramoto N, Hattori M, Kaizaki Y, Moki F, Sugiyama H, Utada M, Nishimura M, Yoshida K, Kurosawa K, Nemoto Y, Narimatsu H, Sakaguchi M, Kanemura S, Naito M, Narisawa R, Miyashiro I, Nakata K, Mori D, Yoshitake M, Oki I, Fukushima N, Shibata A, Iwasa K, Ono C, Matsuda T, Nimri O, Jung KW, Won YJ, Alawadhi E, Elbasmi A, Ab Manan A, Adam F, Nansalmaa E, Tudev U, Ochir C, Al Khater AM, El Mistiri MM, Lim GH, Teo YY, Chiang CJ, Lee WC, Buasom R, Sangrajrang S, Suwanrungruang K, Vatanasapt P, Daoprasert K, Pongnikorn D, Leklob A, Sangkitipaiboon S, Geater SL, Sriplung H, Ceylan O, Kög I, Dirican O, Köse T, Gurbuz T, Karaşahin FE, Turhan D, Aktaş U, Halat Y, Eser S, Yakut CI, Altinisik M, Cavusoglu Y, Türkköylü A, Üçüncü N, Hackl M, Zborovskaya AA, Aleinikova OV, Henau K, Van Eycken L, Atanasov TY, Valerianova Z, Šekerija M, Dušek L, Zvolský M, Steinrud Mørch L, Storm H, Wessel Skovlund C, Innos K, Mägi M, Malila N, Seppä K, Jégu J, Velten M, Cornet E, Troussard X, Bouvier AM, Guizard AV, Bouvier V, Launoy G, Dabakuyo Yonli S, Poillot ML, Maynadié M, Mounier M, Vaconnet L, Woronoff AS, Daoulas M, Robaszkiewicz M, Clavel J, Poulalhon C, Desandes E, Lacour B, Baldi I, Amadeo B, Coureau G, Monnereau A, Orazio S, Audoin M, D’Almeida TC, Boyer S, Hammas K, Trétarre B, Colonna M, Delafosse P, Plouvier S, Cowppli-Bony A, Molinié F, Bara S, Ganry O, Lapôtre-Ledoux B, Daubisse-Marliac L, Bossard N, Uhry Z, Estève J, Stabenow R, Wilsdorf-Köhler H, Eberle A, Luttmann S, Löhden I, Nennecke AL, Kieschke J, Sirri E, Justenhoven C, Reinwald F, Holleczek B, Eisemann N, Katalinic A, Asquez RA, Kumar V, Petridou E, Ólafsdóttir EJ, Tryggvadóttir L, Murray DE, Walsh PM, Sundseth H, Harney M, Mazzoleni G, Vittadello F, Coviello E, Cuccaro F, Galasso R, Sampietro G, Giacomin A, Magoni M, Ardizzone A, D’Argenzio A, Di Prima AA, Ippolito A, Lavecchia AM, Sutera Sardo A, Gola G, Ballotari P, Giacomazzi E, Ferretti S, Dal Maso L, Serraino D, Celesia MV, Filiberti RA, Pannozzo F, Melcarne A, Quarta F, Andreano A, Russo AG, Carrozzi G, Cirilli C, Cavalieri d’Oro L, Rognoni M, Fusco M, Vitale MF, Usala M, Cusimano R, Mazzucco W, Michiara M, Sgargi P, Boschetti L, Marguati S, Chiaranda G, Seghini P, Maule MM, Merletti F, Spata E, Tumino R, Mancuso P, Cassetti T, Sassatelli R, Falcini F, Giorgetti S, Caiazzo AL, Cavallo R, Piras D, Bella F, Madeddu A, Fanetti AC, Maspero S, Carone S, Mincuzzi A, Candela G, Scuderi T, Gentilini MA, Rizzello R, Rosso S, Caldarella A, Intrieri T, Bianconi F, Contiero P, Tagliabue G, Rugge M, Zorzi M, Beggiato S, Brustolin A, Gatta G, De Angelis R, Vicentini M, Zanetti R, Stracci F, Maurina A, Oniščuka M, Mousavi M, Steponaviciene L, Vincerževskienė I, Azzopardi MJ, Calleja N, Siesling S, Visser O, Johannesen TB, Larønningen S, Trojanowski M, Macek P, Mierzwa T, Rachtan J, Rosińska A, Kępska K, Kościańska B, Barna K, Sulkowska U, Gebauer T, Łapińska JB, Wójcik-Tomaszewska J, Motnyk M, Patro A, Gos A, Sikorska K, Bielska-Lasota M, Didkowska JA, Wojciechowska U, Forjaz de Lacerda G, Rego RA, Carrito B, Pais A, Bento MJ, Rodrigues J, Lourenço A, Mayer-da-Silva A, Coza D, Todescu AI, Valkov MY, Gusenkova L, Lazarevich O, Prudnikova O, Vjushkov DM, Egorova A, Orlov A, Pikalova LV, Zhuikova LD, Adamcik J, Safaei Diba C, Zadnik V, Žagar T, De-La-Cruz M, Lopez-de-Munain A, Aleman A, Rojas D, Chillarón RJ, Navarro AIM, Marcos-Gragera R, Puigdemont M, Rodríguez-Barranco M, Sánchez Perez MJ, Franch Sureda P, Ramos Montserrat M, Chirlaque López MD, Sánchez Gil A, Ardanaz E, Guevara M, Cañete-Nieto A, Peris-Bonet R, Carulla M, Galceran J, Almela F, Sabater C, Khan S, Pettersson D, Dickman P, Staehelin K, Struchen B, Egger Hayoz C, Rapiti E, Schaffar R, Went P, Mousavi SM, Bulliard JL, Maspoli-Conconi M, Kuehni CE, Redmond SM, Bordoni A, Ortelli L, Chiolero A, Konzelmann I, Rohrmann S, Wanner M, Broggio J, Rashbass J, Stiller C, Fitzpatrick D, Gavin A, Morrison DS, Thomson CS, Greene G, Huws DW, Grayson M, Rawcliffe H, Allemani C, Coleman MP, Di Carlo V, Girardi F, Matz M, Minicozzi P, Sanz N, Ssenyonga N, James D, Stephens R, Chalker E, Smith M, Gugusheff J, You H, Qin Li S, Dugdale S, Moore J, Philpot S, Pfeiffer R, Thomas H, Silva Ragaini B, Venn AJ, Evans SM, Te Marvelde L, Savietto V, Trevithick R, Aitken J, Currow D, Fowler C, Lewis C. Global survival trends for brain tumors, by histology: analysis of individual records for 556,237 adults diagnosed in 59 countries during 2000-2014 (CONCORD-3). Neuro Oncol 2023; 25:580-592. [PMID: 36355361 PMCID: PMC10013649 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Survival is a key metric of the effectiveness of a health system in managing cancer. We set out to provide a comprehensive examination of worldwide variation and trends in survival from brain tumors in adults, by histology. METHODS We analyzed individual data for adults (15-99 years) diagnosed with a brain tumor (ICD-O-3 topography code C71) during 2000-2014, regardless of tumor behavior. Data underwent a 3-phase quality control as part of CONCORD-3. We estimated net survival for 11 histology groups, using the unbiased nonparametric Pohar Perme estimator. RESULTS The study included 556,237 adults. In 2010-2014, the global range in age-standardized 5-year net survival for the most common sub-types was broad: in the range 20%-38% for diffuse and anaplastic astrocytoma, from 4% to 17% for glioblastoma, and between 32% and 69% for oligodendroglioma. For patients with glioblastoma, the largest gains in survival occurred between 2000-2004 and 2005-2009. These improvements were more noticeable among adults diagnosed aged 40-70 years than among younger adults. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the largest account to date of global trends in population-based survival for brain tumors by histology in adults. We have highlighted remarkable gains in 5-year survival from glioblastoma since 2005, providing large-scale empirical evidence on the uptake of chemoradiation at population level. Worldwide, survival improvements have been extensive, but some countries still lag behind. Our findings may help clinicians involved in national and international tumor pathway boards to promote initiatives aimed at more extensive implementation of clinical guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Girardi
- Cancer Survival Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,Cancer Division, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Division of Medical Oncology 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Melissa Matz
- Cancer Survival Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Charles Stiller
- National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - Hui You
- Cancer Information Analysis Unit, Cancer Institute NSW, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rafael Marcos Gragera
- Epidemiology Unit and Girona Cancer Registry, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain
| | - Mikhail Y Valkov
- Department of Radiology, Radiotherapy and Oncology, Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - Jean-Luc Bulliard
- Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Neuchâtel and Jura Tumour Registry, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Prithwish De
- Surveillance and Cancer Registry, and Research Office, Clinical Institutes and Quality Programs, Ontario Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Morrison
- Scottish Cancer Registry, Public Health Scotland, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Miriam Wanner
- Cancer Registry Zürich, Zug, Schaffhausen and Schwyz, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - David K O'Brian
- Alaska Cancer Registry, Alaska Department of Health and Social Services, Anchorage, Alaska, USA
| | - Nathalie Saint-Jacques
- Department of Medicine and Community Health and Epidemiology, Centre for Clinical Research, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Michel P Coleman
- Cancer Survival Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,Cancer Division, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Claudia Allemani
- Cancer Survival Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Goh KK, Chen CH, Wu TH, Chiu YH, Lu ML. Efficacy and safety of intermittent theta-burst stimulation in patients with schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of randomized sham-controlled trials. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:944437. [PMID: 36071833 PMCID: PMC9441632 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.944437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Theta-burst stimulation is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that was introduced as a potential augmentation treatment for patients with schizophrenia. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of intermittent theta-burst stimulation in patients with schizophrenia. Following the PRISMA guidelines, the MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus, Web of Science, and CNKI databases were searched for relevant studies from database inception to 9 January 2022. Change in symptom severity among patients with schizophrenia was the primary outcome, and changes in cognitive function and safety profiles, including the discontinuation rate and adverse events, were secondary outcomes. In total, 13 double-blind randomized sham-controlled trials with 524 patients were included. Intermittent theta-burst stimulation adjunct to antipsychotics was associated with significantly improved psychopathology in patients with schizophrenia, particularly for negative symptoms and general psychopathology but not for positive symptoms or cognitive function. The stimulation parameters influenced the effectiveness of intermittent theta-burst stimulation. A more favorable effect was observed in patients who received theta-burst stimulation at the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, with ≥1800 pulses per day, for ≥20 sessions, and using an inactive sham coil as a placebo comparison in the study. The intermittent theta-burst stimulation is well tolerated and safe in patients with schizophrenia. Intermittent theta-burst stimulation adjunct to antipsychotics treatment is associated with significant improvement in negative symptoms and favorable tolerability in patients with schizophrenia. This meta-analysis may provide insights into the use of intermittent theta-burst stimulation as an additional treatment to alleviate the negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kah Kheng Goh
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Psychiatric Research Centre, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Psychiatric Research Centre, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- Psychiatric Research Centre, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hang Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Psychiatric Research Centre, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Liang Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Psychiatric Research Centre, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Mong-Liang Lu,
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Lu ML, Ku WC, Syifa N, Hu SC, Chou CT, Wu YH, Kuo PH, Chen CH, Chen WJ, Wu TH. Developing a Sensitive Platform to Measure 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate in Subjects with MTHFR and PON1 Gene Polymorphisms. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163320. [PMID: 36014826 PMCID: PMC9412631 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inadequate levels of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) and the T variant of MTHFR C677T have been suggested to be associated with an increased risk of developing mental illness, whereas the PON1 SNP variant provides a protective role. However, reports validating the methodology for plasma 5-MTHF levels in schizophrenia patients are limited. A sensitive LC−MS/MS system using an amide column and calibration curve was determined by dialyzed human plasma, and applied to schizophrenia patients and healthy controls in Taiwan, and the differences between the subgroups were discussed. This analysis system meets regulation criteria, and the lower limit of quantification for 5-MTHF levels was 4 nM from 200 μL plasma, within 7 min. The mean plasma 5-MTHF levels in schizophrenia patients (n = 34; 11.70 ± 10.37 nM) were lower than those in the healthy controls (n = 42; 22.67 ± 11.12 nM) significantly (p < 0.01). 5-MTHF concentrations were significantly lower in male carriers than in female carriers (18.30 ± 10.37 nM vs. 24.83 ± 11.01 nM, p < 0.05), especially in subjects who were MTHFR CT/PON1 Q allele carriers. In conclusion, this quantitative system, which employed sensitive and simple processing methods, was successfully applied, and identified that schizophrenic patients had significantly lower levels of 5-MTHF. Lower plasma 5-MTHF concentrations were observed in male subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mong-Liang Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Psychiatric Research Centre, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chi Ku
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
| | - Nailis Syifa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Health Science, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Malang 65144, Indonesia
| | - Shu-Chin Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Te Chou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsio Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Psychiatric Research Centre, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Wei J. Chen
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- Psychiatric Research Centre, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Master Program in Clinical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-27361661 (ext. 6172); Fax: +886-2-2735-8920
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Goh KK, Chen CYA, Wu TH, Chen CH, Lu ML. Crosstalk between Schizophrenia and Metabolic Syndrome: The Role of Oxytocinergic Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137092. [PMID: 35806096 PMCID: PMC9266532 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The high prevalence of metabolic syndrome in persons with schizophrenia has spurred investigational efforts to study the mechanism beneath its pathophysiology. Early psychosis dysfunction is present across multiple organ systems. On this account, schizophrenia may be a multisystem disorder in which one organ system is predominantly affected and where other organ systems are also concurrently involved. Growing evidence of the overlapping neurobiological profiles of metabolic risk factors and psychiatric symptoms, such as an association with cognitive dysfunction, altered autonomic nervous system regulation, desynchrony in the resting-state default mode network, and shared genetic liability, suggest that metabolic syndrome and schizophrenia are connected via common pathways that are central to schizophrenia pathogenesis, which may be underpinned by oxytocin system dysfunction. Oxytocin, a hormone that involves in the mechanisms of food intake and metabolic homeostasis, may partly explain this piece of the puzzle in the mechanism underlying this association. Given its prosocial and anorexigenic properties, oxytocin has been administered intranasally to investigate its therapeutic potential in schizophrenia and obesity. Although the pathophysiology and mechanisms of oxytocinergic dysfunction in metabolic syndrome and schizophrenia are both complex and it is still too early to draw a conclusion upon, oxytocinergic dysfunction may yield a new mechanistic insight into schizophrenia pathogenesis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kah Kheng Goh
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan; (K.K.G.); (C.Y.-A.C.); (C.-H.C.)
- Psychiatric Research Center, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan;
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Cynthia Yi-An Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan; (K.K.G.); (C.Y.-A.C.); (C.-H.C.)
- Psychiatric Research Center, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan;
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- Psychiatric Research Center, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan;
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan; (K.K.G.); (C.Y.-A.C.); (C.-H.C.)
- Psychiatric Research Center, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan;
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Liang Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan; (K.K.G.); (C.Y.-A.C.); (C.-H.C.)
- Psychiatric Research Center, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan;
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Teng CF, Wang T, Wu TH, Lin JH, Shih FY, Shyu WC, Jeng LB. Correction notice to "Combination therapy with dendritic cell vaccine and programmed death ligand 1 immune checkpoint inhibitor for hepatocellular carcinoma in an orthotopic mouse model". Ther Adv Med Oncol 2021; 13:17588359211061902. [PMID: 34868354 PMCID: PMC8640278 DOI: 10.1177/17588359211061902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1177/1758835920922034.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiao-Fang Teng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, No.91, Hsueh-Shih Rd., Northern Dist., Taichung City 404, Taiwan
| | - Ting Wang
- Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Hui Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Ying Shih
- Program for Biotech Pharmaceutical Industry, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Woei-Cherng Shyu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, No.91, Hsueh-Shih Rd., Northern Dist., Taichung City 404, Taiwan
| | - Long-Bin Jeng
- Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, No.2, Yude Rd., Northern Dist., Taichung City 404, Taiwan
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Chen HC, Hsu HH, Lu ML, Huang MC, Chen CH, Wu TH, Mao WC, Hsiao CK, Kuo PH. Subgrouping time-dependent prescribing patterns of first-onset major depressive episodes by psychotropics dissection. World J Psychiatry 2021; 11:1116-1128. [PMID: 34888178 PMCID: PMC8613754 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v11.i11.1116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subgrouping patients with major depressive disorder is a promising solution for the issue of heterogeneity. However, the link between available subtypes and distinct pathological mechanisms is weak and yields disappointing results in clinical application.
AIM To develop a novel approach for classification of patients with time-dependent prescription patterns at first onset in real-world settings.
METHODS Drug-naive patients experiencing their first major depressive episode (n = 105) participated in this study. Psychotropic agents prescribed in the first 24 mo following disease onset were recorded monthly and categorized as antidepressants, augmentation agents, and hypnosedatives. Monthly cumulative doses of agents in each category were converted into relevant equivalents. Four parameters were used to summarize the time-dependent prescription patterns for each psychotropic load: Stability, amount, frequency, and the time trend of monthly prescriptions. A K-means cluster analysis was used to derive subgroups of participants based on these input parameters of psychotropic agents across 24 mo. Clinical validity of the resulting data-driven clusters was compared using relevant severity indicators.
RESULTS Four distinct clusters were derived from K-means analysis, which matches experts’ consent: "Short-term antidepressants use", "long-term antidepressants use", "long-term antidepressants and sedatives use", and "long-term antidepressants, sedatives, and augmentation use". At the first 2 years of disease course, the four clusters differed on the number of antidepressants used at adequate dosage and duration, frequency of outpatient service use, and number of psychiatric admissions. After the first 2 years following disease onset, depression severity was differed in the four subgroups.
CONCLUSION Our findings suggested a new approach to optimize the subgrouping of patients with major depressive disorder, which may assist future etiological and treatment response studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsi-Chung Chen
- Department of Psychiatry & Center of Sleep Disorders, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Hsuan Hsu
- Center of Statistical Consultation and Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Liang Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan-Fang Hospital & School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chyi Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Hospital, Songde Branch, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan-Fang Hospital & School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University,Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chung Mao
- Department of Psychiatry, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Chuhsing K Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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Wu TH, Lin CH, Goh KK, Chen CYA, Chen CH, Lane HY, Lu ML. The Relationships Between Hyperprolactinemia, Metabolic Disturbance, and Sexual Dysfunction in Patients With Schizophrenia Under Olanzapine Treatment. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:718800. [PMID: 34421613 PMCID: PMC8374865 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.718800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between prolactin levels and sexual dysfunction in patients with schizophrenia who use olanzapine medication. The potential risk factors of hyperprolactinemia and sexual dysfunction were also investigated. Patients with schizophrenia undergoing olanzapine monotherapy were invited to participate in this cross-sectional study. The Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASEX) and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale were used to evaluate subjective sexual dysfunction and psychopathology, respectively. Levels of prolactin and metabolic parameters were also measured. In total, 279 participants with schizophrenia were recruited. The overall incidences of hyperprolactinemia, sexual dysfunction, and metabolic syndrome were 51.6, 53.8, and 43.7%, respectively. Higher ASEX scores, higher insulin levels, female sex, and younger age were associated with hyperprolactinemia. Prolactin level was significantly correlated with ASEX score. Elevated prolactin levels, concomitant antidepressant, increased insulin resistance, longer illness duration, and female sex were associated with sexual dysfunction. Female participants recorded higher levels of sexual dysfunction than their male counterparts did, whereas male participants had comparatively lower prolactin levels and lower rates of spousal partnership. Hyperprolactinemia, metabolic syndrome, and sexual dysfunction are prevalent in patients with schizophrenia treated with olanzapine. Clinicians should maintain awareness of these problems and monitor them regularly with their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hua Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Psychiatric Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Hsin Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kah Kheng Goh
- Psychiatric Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cynthia Yi-An Chen
- Psychiatric Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsin Chen
- Psychiatric Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Yuan Lane
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry and Brain Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Liang Lu
- Psychiatric Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Goh KK, Wu TH, Chen CH, Lu ML. Efficacy of N-methyl- D-aspartate receptor modulator augmentation in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of randomised, placebo-controlled trials. J Psychopharmacol 2021; 35:236-252. [PMID: 33406959 DOI: 10.1177/0269881120965937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysfunction of the N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor is involved in the putative pathology of schizophrenia. There is growing interest in the potential of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor modulators to improve the symptoms of schizophrenia, but the evidence for the use of glutamatergic agents for augmenting schizophrenia remains inconclusive. AIMS We conducted a meta-analysis to test the efficacy and safety of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor modulator supplements in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS Following a systemic search in MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane and Scopus, 40 double-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled trials involving 4937 patients with schizophrenia were included in this meta-analysis. The change in the severity of symptoms among patients with schizophrenia was defined as the primary outcome, whereas the safety profiles of the intervention, including the discontinuation rate and adverse events, were defined as secondary outcomes. RESULTS When added to antipsychotic treatments, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor modulators improved multiple schizophrenia symptoms, particularly negative symptoms, and had satisfactory side effects and safety profile. Among the seven glutamatergic agents analysed, glycine, D-serine and sarcosine had better treatment profiles than other agents, and NMDA receptor co-agonists, as a group, provided a reduction in schizophrenia symptoms compared to antipsychotic treatments without supplementation. Augmentation with N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor modulators was only effective among patients treated with antipsychotics other than clozapine. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor modulators, particularly with glycine, D-serine and sarcosine, are more beneficial than the placebo in treating schizophrenia, and the effects extended to both positive and negative symptoms, when augmented with antipsychotics other than clozapine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kah Kheng Goh
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Psychiatric Research Center, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- Psychiatric Research Center, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Psychiatric Research Center, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Tapei, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Liang Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Psychiatric Research Center, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Tapei, Taiwan
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12
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Wang HY, Li SW, Wu TH, Wu ZH, Guo JX. The effect of androgen on wool follicles and keratin production in Hetian sheep. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 81:526-536. [PMID: 33470295 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.224056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the optimal androgen concentration for culturing Hetian sheep wool follicle and to detect effects of androgen concentration on wool follicle cell proliferation and apoptosis using immunofluorescence labeling and real-time quantitative fluorescence determinations of wool keratin-associated protein gene expression levels. Wool follicles were isolated by microdissection and wool follicles and skin pieces were cultured in various concentrations of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in culture medium. Next, daily lengthwise growth measurements of wool follicles were obtained using a microscopic micrometer. Cultured Hetian wool follicles were stained using the SACPIC method to reveal wool follicle structure, while sheep skin slices were used to observe cell proliferation by immunostaining and cell apoptosis using the TUNEL method. At the molecular biological level, keratin-associated protein (Kap) gene expression was studied using wool follicles cultured for various numbers of days in vitro. Effects of androgen concentrations on Hetian wool follicle growth and development were experimentally studied. EdU proliferation assays revealed that androgen promoted cell proliferation within wool follicle dermal papillae. TUNEL apoptosis detection demonstrated that androgen treatment could delay cell apoptosis. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) results demonstrated that gene expression level patterns of Hetian mountain sheep super-high sulfur protein. Kap1.1, KIF1.2, Kap2.12 and Kap4.2 gene expression level of the mountainous experimental group was significantly higher than plains Hetian sheep. An androgen concentration of 100 nM can promote the growth of Hetian wool follicle cells in vitro, resulting in overexpression of some genes of the Kap family.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Wang
- Tarim University, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Protection e Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Alar, Xinjiang, China
| | - S W Li
- Tarim University, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Protection e Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Alar, Xinjiang, China
| | - T H Wu
- Tarim University, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Protection & Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Alar, Xinjiang, China
| | - Z H Wu
- Tarim University, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Protection & Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Alar, Xinjiang, China
| | - J X Guo
- Tarim University, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Protection & Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Alar, Xinjiang, China
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Hung YC, Chen HC, Kuo PH, Lu ML, Huang MC, Chen CH, Wang S, Mao WC, Wu CS, Wu TH. Visualizing Patterns of Medication Switching Among Major Depressive Patients with Various Stability and Difficulty to Treatments. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2021; 17:1953-1963. [PMID: 34168454 PMCID: PMC8217841 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s311429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Efforts have been made in assessing efficacy and tolerability to various antidepressants, but understanding personalized chances of stability to medication switching sequence is still inconclusive. This study aimed to identify naturalistic switching patterns of medication in stratifying MDD patients. METHODS MDD patients were stratified based on treatment difficulty evaluated with the "Treatment Resistance to Antidepressants Evaluation Scale for Unipolar Depression" (TRADES). The duration of the time of diagnoses until the final switch to another class of antidepressants was used as prediction of unstable to drug therapy. ROC analysis was used to determine the cutoff values. A continuous temporal events function from the visual analytic tool was employed to perform patterns of switching between distinct pharmacological class such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). RESULTS TRADES scores of 4.5 and not-switching times of 12.5 months were used as cutoff values to divide patients into four subgroups: stable/easy-to-treat (SE), unstable/easy-to-treat (UE), stable/difficult-to-treat (SD) and unstable/difficult-to-treat (UD). A total of 80% and 76.9% of patients initially treated with the SSRIs paroxetine or fluoxetine, respectively, were predicted to be stable to drug therapy. Approximately 70%, 44.8% and 41.4% of patients initially treated with the SNRIs fluvoxamine, sertraline and venlafaxine, respectively, were predicted to be UD, and 60% of patients using duloxetine were predicted to be stable to drug therapy. Analysis of the switching phenomenon showed that SSRIs were the first prescribed medications and mostly taken by the stable subgroups, and SNRIs were the preferentially chosen switching alternative. Medication switching patterns in unstable MDD patients are discussed. CONCLUSION Paroxetine, fluoxetine and duloxetine users were mostly stable among MDD patients in Taiwan with various stability and difficulty to treatments. Although responsiveness to specific medication sequence is likely required for clinical application, the results provide a baseline for such studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chun Hung
- Division of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Chung Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Public Health & Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Liang Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital & School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Psychiatric Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chyi Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Hospital, Songde Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital & School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Psychiatric Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sabrina Wang
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chung Mao
- Department of Psychiatry, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Shiann Wu
- Department of Information Management, College of Management, National Formosa University, Huwei Township, Yunlin County, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- Division of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Psychiatric Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Master Program in Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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14
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Teng CF, Li TC, Wang T, Wu TH, Wang J, Wu HC, Shyu WC, Su IJ, Jeng LB. Increased Expression of Programmed Death Ligand 1 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Patients with Hepatitis B Virus Pre-S2 Mutant. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2020; 7:385-401. [PMID: 33365286 PMCID: PMC7751729 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s282818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The HCC patients who harbor HBV pre-S2 mutant, an oncoprotein that plays key roles in HCC development, have been closely associated with a worse prognosis after curative surgical resection, suggesting an urgent need for alternative therapeutic options to improve their survival. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the expression profiles of programmed death 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), two of the most well-studied immune checkpoint molecules that promote tumor immune evasion, in tumor of the pre-S2 mutant-positive/high HCC patients. Methods We classified 40 HBV-related HCC patients into the pre-S2-positive/high and -negative/low groups by a next-generation sequencing-based approach. The fluorescent immunohistochemistry staining was performed to detect the expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in HCC tissues of patients. Results We showed that patients with either deletion spanning pre-S2 gene segment or high percentage of pre-S2 plus pre-S1+pre-S2 deletion (the pre-S2 mutant-positive/high group) exhibited a significantly higher density of PD-L1-positive cells in HCC tissues than those without. Moreover, the percentage of pre-S2 plus pre-S1+pre-S2 deletion displayed a high positive correlation with the density of PD-L1-positive cells in HCC tissues. Conclusion The increased expression of PD-L1 in tumor tissues of the pre-S2 mutant-positive HCC patients suggest that pre-S2 mutant may play a potential role in dysregulation of tumor immune microenvironment in the progression of HBV-related HCC, implicating for the development of future therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiao-Fang Teng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Chung Li
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting Wang
- Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - John Wang
- Department of Pathology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chieh Wu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Woei-Cherng Shyu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Occupational Therapy, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ih-Jen Su
- Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Long-Bin Jeng
- Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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15
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Teng CF, Wang T, Wu TH, Lin JH, Shih FY, Shyu WC, Jeng LB. Combination therapy with dendritic cell vaccine and programmed death ligand 1 immune checkpoint inhibitor for hepatocellular carcinoma in an orthotopic mouse model. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835920922034. [PMID: 32565925 PMCID: PMC7288802 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920922034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most common and lethal human cancers worldwide. Despite remarkable advances in treatment, high mortality in HCC patients remains a big challenge. To develop novel therapeutic strategies for HCC is thus urgently needed to improve patient survival. Dendritic cells (DC)-based vaccines can induce tumor-specific immunity and have emerged as a promising approach for treating HCC patients; however, its effectiveness needs to be improved. Recently, blockade of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint pathway has been shown to enhance anti-tumor immune responses and exhibited great potential in HCC therapy. Methods In this study, we generated DC vaccine by pulsing the C57BL/6J mouse bone marrow-derived DC with mouse hepatoma Hep-55.1C cell lysate. We developed a therapeutic strategy combining DC vaccine and PD-L1 inhibitor for HCC and evaluated its efficacy in an orthotopic HCC mouse model in which Hep-55.1C cells were directly injected into left liver lobe of C57BL/6J mouse. Results Compared with a control group of mice, groups of mice treated with DC vaccine or PD-L1 inhibitor had significantly improved overall survival, reduced tumor volume, and increased tumor cell apoptosis. Remarkably, combination treatment with DC vaccine and PD-L1 inhibitor led to considerably longer overall survival, smaller tumor volume, and higher tumor cell apoptosis of mice than either treatment alone in a dose-dependent manner through inducing a stronger anti-tumor cytotoxic T cell response. Conclusion Our data suggested that combination therapy with DC vaccine and PD-L1 inhibitor might have great promise as a novel treatment strategy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiao-Fang Teng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, No.91, Hsueh-Shih Rd., Northern Dist., Taichung City 404Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung
| | - Ting Wang
- Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung
| | - Jia-Hui Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung
| | - Fu-Ying Shih
- Program for Biotech Pharmaceutical Industry, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung
| | - Woei-Cherng Shyu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, No.91, Hsueh-Shih Rd., Northern Dist., Taichung City 404 Department of Occupational Therapy, Asia University, Taichung Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung
| | - Long-Bin Jeng
- Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, No.2, Yude Rd., Northern Dist., Taichung City 404
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16
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Liu TY, Kuo PH, Lu ML, Huang MC, Chen CH, Wu TH, Wang S, Mao WC, Chen HC. Quantifying the level of difficulty to treat major depressive disorder with antidepressants: Treatment Resistance to Antidepressants Evaluation Scale. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227614. [PMID: 31935237 PMCID: PMC6959551 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to develop a new scale to evaluate the level of difficulty in treating major depressive disorder with antidepressants based on the lifetime treatment profile. METHODS In addition to evaluating the difficulty of treatment with antidepressants (A subscale), the Treatment Resistance to Antidepressants Evaluation Scale (TRADES) is comprised of a subscale to account for the attributes that compromise the efficacy of treatment (B subscale). One hundred and six participants aged 18 to 65 years with remitted major depressive disorder were enrolled. Eligible cases were those with at least 2 years from disease onset until the scoring date of the TRADES (the index date), with a complete treatment record. Various psychosocial and clinical features, such as neuroticism, harm avoidance, and utilization of psychiatric services, were used to validate the TRADES. RESULTS The mean duration of the course before and after the index date were 5.5 ± 3.5 and 3.1 ± 1.7 years, respectively. In a multiple regression analysis, the final total scores of the TRADES independently correlated with higher levels of neuroticism and harm avoidance. Total scores were also associated with a higher utilization of psychiatric outpatient and admission services before the index date. Furthermore, it is thought that total scores could predict a higher number of visits to psychiatric outpatient, emergency, and admission services following the index date. CONCLUSIONS The TRADES has acceptable validity and could help to quantify the level of treatment difficulty with antidepressants in major depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yu Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Liang Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan-Fang Hospital; Taipei & School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chyi Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Hospital, Songde Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan-Fang Hospital; Taipei & School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sabrina Wang
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chung Mao
- Department of Psychiatry, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Chung Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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17
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Wu TH, Chiu CC, Goh KK, Chen PY, Huang MC, Chen CH, Lu ML. Relationship between metabolic syndrome and acylated/desacylated ghrelin ratio in patients with schizophrenia under olanzapine medication. J Psychopharmacol 2020; 34:86-92. [PMID: 31692408 DOI: 10.1177/0269881119885260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ghrelin is a peptide hormone that mediates glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism. Acylated ghrelin (AG) and desacylated ghrelin (DAG) are the two main forms of ghrelin, which have opposing roles in energy homeostasis. The AG/DAG ratio has been proposed to be associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the general population. This study compared the relationships between MetS and ghrelin parameters in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS Patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and under olanzapine monotherapy were recruited. Fasting blood samples were collected for the analyses of metabolic and ghrelin parameters. The serum levels of total ghrelin and AG were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. DAG level was calculated by subtracting the AG level from the total ghrelin level. RESULTS We recruited 151 subjects with schizophrenia, and classified them into those with MetS (n = 41) and those without MetS (n = 110). Subjects with MetS had a significantly higher AG/DAG ratio, as well as lower total ghrelin and DAG levels. There were no sex differences in ghrelin parameters. The AG/DAG ratio was significantly and positively correlated with weight, body mass index, waist circumference, insulin level, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and number of MetS components. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the number of MetS components remained significantly associated with the AG/DAG ratio. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed that lower AG/DAG ratios were associated with better metabolic profiles in olanzapine-treated patients with schizophrenia. These observations suggest that the balance between AG and DAG plays a crucial role in the metabolic homeostasis among patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hua Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Psychiatric Research Centre, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chiang Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Centre, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kah Kheng Goh
- Psychiatric Research Centre, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Centre, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chyi Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Centre, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsin Chen
- Psychiatric Research Centre, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Liang Lu
- Psychiatric Research Centre, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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18
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Wu CS, Chen YH, Chen CL, Chien SK, Syifa N, Hung YC, Cheng KJ, Hu SC, Lo PT, Lin SY, Wu TH. Constructing a bilingual website with validated database for Herb and Western medicine interactions using Ginseng, Ginkgo and Dong Quai as examples. BMC Complement Altern Med 2019; 19:335. [PMID: 31775730 PMCID: PMC6881993 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2731-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Concerns have been raised regarding the efficacy and safety resulting from the potential interactions of herbs with Western medications due to the use of both herbs and Western medicine by the general public. Information obtained from the web must be critically evaluated prior to its use in making decisions. Description This study aimed to construct an herb-drug interaction (HDI) website (https://drug-herb-interaction.netlify.com) with a critically reviewed database. Node.js was used to store the database by running JavaScript. Vue.js is a front-end framework used for web interface development. A total of 135 sets of information related to the interactions of ginseng, ginkgo and dong quai with Western medicine from the literature identified in Medline were collected, followed by critical reviews to prepare nineteen items of information for each HDI monograph. A total of 80 sets of validated HDIs met all criteria and were further assessed at the individual reliability level (likely, possible, and unevaluable) and labeled with the “interaction” item. This query system of the website can be operated in both the Chinese and English languages to obtain all monographs on HDIs in the database, including bilingual interaction data. The database of HDI monographs can be updated by simply uploading a new version of the information Excel file. The designed “smart search” module, in addition to the “single search”, is convenient for requesting multiple searches. Among the “likely” interactions (n = 26), 50% show negative HDIs. Ten of these can increase the effect of the Western drug, and the others (n = 3) imply that the HDI can be beneficial. Conclusions The current study provides a website platform and 80 sets of validated bilingual HDIs involving ginseng, ginkgo and dong quai in an online database. A search of HDI monographs related to these three herbs can be performed with this bilingual, easy-to-use query website, which is feasible for professionals and the general public. The identified reliability level for each HDI may assist readers’ decisions regarding whether taking Western medications concomitant with one of three herbal medicinal foods is safe or whether caution is required due to potentially serious outcomes.
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19
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Wu TH, Chiu CC, Chen PY, Huang MC, Chen CH, Shen WW, Lu ML. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia: Relationships with olanzapine pharmacological parameters, psychopathology, and quality of life. Psychiatry Res 2019; 276:1-5. [PMID: 30981095 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) occur in a substantial portion of schizophrenia patients and have significant impacts on clinical course. This study was intended to investigate the relationships of OCS with pharmacological parameters of olanzapine, psychopathology, and quality of life. Totally 151 schizophrenia patients were recruited, and rated using Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive scale (YBOCS), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), and World Health Organization Questionnaire on Quality of Life: Short Form (WHOQOL-BREF). The concentrations of olanzapine and N-desmethylolanzapine were determined by HPLC. Twenty-five patients (16.6%) revealed the presence of OCS. OCS group had significantly higher olanzapine dose, more numbers of past hospitalizations, higher PANSS total, positive, negative, and general psychopathology scores, and higher MADRS score than those in non-OCS group. The WHOQOL-BREF physical subscale score in schizophrenia patients with OCS was significantly lower. Olanzapine dose, PANSS score, and MADRS score were significantly correlated with YBOCS score. Our findings highlight that OCS is highly prevalent in schizophrenia patients under olanzapine treatment, especially those at high doses. Schizophrenia patients with OCS had higher severity of psychotic and depressive symptoms and poorer quality of life. Clinicians should monitor OCS in patients with schizophrenia receiving olanzapine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hua Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Psychiatric Research Center, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chiang Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chyi Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, No. 111, Sec. 3, Hsin-Long Rd, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Winston W Shen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, No. 111, Sec. 3, Hsin-Long Rd, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Liang Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, No. 111, Sec. 3, Hsin-Long Rd, Taipei 116, Taiwan; Psychiatric Research Center, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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20
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Wang YC, Lin HT, Lu ML, Huang MC, Chen CH, Wu TH, Wang S, Mao WC, Kuo PH, Chen HC. The Association Between the Sedative Loads and Clinical Severity Indicators in the First-Onset Major Depressive Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:129. [PMID: 30936841 PMCID: PMC6431631 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: High sedative use in a major depressive episode may imply specific clinical features. This study aims to examine the correlation between sedative use and clinical severity indicators in the initial treatment phase of first-onset major depressive disorder. Methods: A study cohort in the first episode of major depressive disorder was used to conduct pharmacological dissection. All participants had at least a 2-year follow-up period with a complete treatment record. The defined daily dose of antidepressants and augmentation agents were calculated as the antidepressant load and augmentation load, respectively. Sedative use, which was calculated as the equivalent dosage of lorazepam, were defined as the sedative load. These psychotropic loads were measured monthly and the averaged psychotropic loads for each day were obtained. Results: A total of 106 individuals (75.5% female) were included. The mean duration of disease course in participants was 5.5 ± 3.5 years. In the multiple regression analysis, after controlling for other classes of psychotropics and comorbid anxiety disorders, the sedative load independently correlated with higher number of antidepressants used, higher number of antidepressant used with an adequate dose and duration, more psychiatric emergency and outpatient visits within 2 years of disease onset. Conclusion: High loading of sedatives correlated with several indicators of clinical severity in major depressive disorder. The sedative load may be used as a specifier to identify subgroups in patients with major depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chin Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hai-Ti Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Liang Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan-Fang Hospital & School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chyi Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Hospital, Songde Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan-Fang Hospital & School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sabrina Wang
- School of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chung Mao
- Department of Psychiatry, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital & School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Chung Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center of Sleep Disorders, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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21
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Lu ML, Chen CH, Kuo PT, Lin CH, Wu TH. Application of plasma levels of olanzapine and N-desmethyl-olanzapine to monitor metabolic parameters in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2018; 193:139-145. [PMID: 28720417 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic disturbance is a common side effect of olanzapine (OLZ); however, the relationships between plasma OLZ concentration (COLZ) and metabolic disturbance remain unclear. Our previous study revealed that COLZ≧22.77ng/mL was a positive predictor of therapeutic efficacy in patients with schizophrenia. This study aimed to investigate the roles of OLZ or N-desmethyl-olanzapine (DMO) in metabolic outcomes among OLZ-treated patients with schizophrenia. The metabolic syndrome (MS) was diagnosed based on the modified the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria for Asians. HPLC-ECD analytical system was applied to determine the COLZ and DMO concentration (CDMO). The absolute drug levels and concentration-to-dose ratios (C/D ratios) were tested for their correlations to metabolic parameters. Total 151 fasting blood samples from patients with schizophrenia were collected. DMO C/D ratio negatively correlated with weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and C-peptide level. The receiver operator characteristic analysis determined a threshold CDMO>5.63ng/mL and DMO C/D ratio>0.35ng/mL/mg were negative predictors of MS. The COLZ/CDMO ratio>6.03 was identified as positive predictor of MS. Combined with previous study result, we proposed that the optimal OLZ treatment should maintain COLZ/CDMO ratio between 3 and 6 to maximize the clinical efficacy and minimize the metabolic side effects. Our findings suggested that therapeutic drug monitoring on OLZ and DMO is a valuable tool to monitor metabolic side effects in OLZ-treated patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mong-Liang Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ting Kuo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hui Lin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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22
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Lin HC, Lin MH, Liao JH, Wu TH, Lee TH, Mi FL, Wu CH, Chen KC, Cheng CH, Lin CW. Antroquinonol, a Ubiquinone Derivative from the Mushroom Antrodia camphorata, Inhibits Colon Cancer Stem Cell-like Properties: Insights into the Molecular Mechanism and Inhibitory Targets. J Agric Food Chem 2017; 65:51-59. [PMID: 27997180 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b04101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Antroquinonol (ANQ) is a ubiquinone derivative from the unique mushroom Antrodia camphorata, which exhibits broad-spectrum bioactivities. The effects of ANQ on cancer stem cell-like properties in colon cancer, however, remain unclear. In this study, we found that ANQ inhibited growth of colon cancer cells. The 50% growth inhibitions (GI50) of ANQ on HCT15 and LoVo were 34.8 ± 0.07 and 17.9 ± 0.07 μM. Moreover, ANQ exhibited inhibitory activities toward migration/invasion and tumorsphere formation of colon cancer cells. Mechanistically, ANQ inhibited pluripotent and cancer stem cell-related genes and down-regulated β-catenin/T-cell factor (TCF) signaling. Moreover, activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/β-catenin signaling axis was identified to be crucial for regulating the expressions of pluripotent genes, whereas suppression of PI3K/AKT by ANQ inhibited expressions of β-catenin and downstream targets. Molecular docking identified the potential interaction of ANQ with PI3K. Our data show for the first time that the bioactive component of A. camphorata, ANQ, suppresses stem cell-like properties via targeting PI3K/AKT/β-catenin signaling. ANQ could be a promising cancer prevention agent for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Chun Lin
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsiang Lin
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiahn-Haur Liao
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Huei Lee
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fwu-Long Mi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hao Wu
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ku-Chung Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsiung Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wei Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
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Liao JH, Huang YS, Lin YC, Huang FY, Wu SH, Wu TH. Anticataractogenesis Mechanisms of Curcumin and a Comparison of Its Degradation Products: An in Vitro Study. J Agric Food Chem 2016; 64:2080-2086. [PMID: 26905955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin (Cur) exhibits anticataractogenesis activity. This study aimed to compare the activities of Cur with those of its degradation products in a series of in vitro lens protein turbidity assays. The results show that Cur (200 μM) ameliorates selenite-induced crystallin aggregation, and the mean OD value was 0.10 ± 0.02 (p < 0.05), which was significantly different from controls (0.15 ± 0.01) after incubating for 3 days. However, Cur did not significantly inhibit calcium-induced proteolysis after incubating for 3 days. Such results were supported by isothermal titration calorimetry observation that Cur binds with selenite but not with calcium. Presence of Cur and the degradation products examined (ferulic acid, cinnamic acid, vanillin, and vanillic acid) indicates significantly protective activities on lens γ-crystallins after UVC exposure for 3 h. Among the compounds examined, only ferulic acid exhibited a significant inhibitory effect against UVB-induced turbidity with a mean OD of 0.32 ± 0.01 (p < 0.05), which was significantly different from controls (0.49 ± 0.02). The previously reported anticataract effects of Cur may stem not only from Cur but also from its degradation products through various cataractogenesis mechanisms in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahn-Haur Liao
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica , Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shiang Huang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica , Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University , Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Lin
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica , Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Yung Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsiung Wu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica , Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University , Taipei 110, Taiwan
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Liao JH, Wu TH, Chen MY, Chen WT, Lu SY, Wang YH, Wang SP, Hsu YM, Huang YS, Huang ZY, Lin YC, Chang CM, Huang FY, Wu SH. The Comparative Studies of Binding Activity of Curcumin and Didemethylated Curcumin with Selenite: Hydrogen Bonding vs Acid-Base Interactions. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17614. [PMID: 26635113 PMCID: PMC4669449 DOI: 10.1038/srep17614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this report, the in vitro relative capabilities of curcumin (CCM) and didemethylated curcumin (DCCM) in preventing the selenite-induced crystallin aggregation were investigated by turbidity tests and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). DCCM showed better activity than CCM. The conformers of CCM/SeO3(2-) and DCCM/SeO3(2-) complexes were optimized by molecular orbital calculations. Results reveal that the selenite anion surrounded by CCM through the H-bonding between CCM and selenite, which is also observed via IR and NMR studied. For DCCM, the primary driving force is the formation of an acid-base adduct with selenite showing that the phenolic OH group of DCCM was responsible for forming major conformer of DCCM. The formation mechanisms of selenite complexes with CCM or DCCM explain why DCCM has greater activity than CCM in extenuating the toxicity of selenite as to prevent selenite-induced lens protein aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahn-Haur Liao
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yi Chen
- General Education Center, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701 Taiwan
| | - Shou-Yun Lu
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701 Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701 Taiwan
| | - Shao-Pin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701 Taiwan
| | - Yen-Min Hsu
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shiang Huang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Zih-You Huang
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Lin
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ming Chang
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Yung Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701 Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsiung Wu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Chen YC, Pan LC, Lai CW, Chien YS, Wu TH. Silymarin and protein kinase A inhibitor modulate glucose-mediated mouse sperm motility: An in vitro study. Reprod Biol 2015; 15:172-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lai CH, Huang YM, Wang CH, Huang JS, Tsai CS, Yeh KY, Lan YJ, Wu TH, Chang PH, Chang YS. Treatment-associated severe thrombocytopenia affects survival rate in esophageal cancer patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Indian J Cancer 2015; 52:454-60. [DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.176708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Liao JH, Lin IL, Huang KF, Kuo PT, Wu SH, Wu TH. Carnosine ameliorates lens protein turbidity formations by inhibiting calpain proteolysis and ultraviolet C-induced degradation. J Agric Food Chem 2014; 62:5932-5938. [PMID: 24932548 DOI: 10.1021/jf5017708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Carnosine (CAR) is an endogenous peptide and present in lens, but there is little evidence for its effectiveness in calpain-induced proteolysis inhibition and its differential effects toward different wavelengths of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. This study aimed to develop three in vitro cataract models to compare the mechanisms underlying the protective activities of CAR. Crude crystallins extracted from porcine lenses were used for antiproteolysis assays, and purified γ-crystallins were used for anti-UV assays. The turbidity in those in vitro models mimics cataract formation and was assayed by measuring optical density (OD) at 405 nm. The effectiveness of CAR on calpain-induced proteolysis was studied at 37 and 58 °C. Patterns of proteins were then analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The turbidity was reduced significantly (p<0.05) at 60 min measurements with the increased concentration of CAR (10-300 mM). SDS-PAGE showed that the decreased intensities at both ∼28 and ∼30 kDa protein bands in heat-enhanced assays were ameliorated by CAR at ≥10 mM concentrations. In UV-B studies, CAR (200, 300 mM) reduced the turbidity of γ-crystallin significantly (p<0.05) at 6 h observations. The turbidity of samples containing γ-crystallins was ameliorated while incubated with CAR (100, 300 mM) significantly (p<0.05) following 4 h of exposure to UV-C. SDS-PAGE showed that the presence of CAR reduced UV-B-induced aggregation of γ-crystallins at ∼44 kDa and resulted in less loss of γ-crystallin following UV-C exposure. The result of modeling also suggests that CAR acts as an inhibitor of calpain. In conclusion, CAR protects lens proteins more readily by inhibiting proteolysis and UV-C-induced degradation than aggregation induced by UV-B irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahn-Haur Liao
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica , Taipei 115, Taiwan
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Chu WF, Lin CJ, Chen WS, Hung SC, Chiu CF, Wu TH, Guo WY. Radiation doses of cerebral blood volume measurements using C-arm CT: A phantom study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2014; 35:1073-7. [PMID: 24371024 PMCID: PMC7965136 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Parenchymal blood volume measurement by C-arm CT facilitates in-room peritherapeutic perfusion evaluation. However, the radiation dose remains a major concern. This study aimed to compare the radiation dose of parenchymal blood volume measurement using C-arm CT with that of conventional CTP using multidetector CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS A biplane DSA equipped with C-arm CT and a Rando-Alderson phantom were used. Slab parenchymal blood volume (8-cm scanning range in a craniocaudal direction) and whole-brain parenchymal blood volume with identical scanning parameters, except for scanning ranges, were undertaken on DSA. Eighty thermoluminescent dosimeters were embedded into 22 organ sites of the phantom. We followed the guidelines of the International Commission on Radiation Protection number 103 to calculate the effective doses. For comparison, 8-cm CTP with the same phantom and thermoluminescent dosimeter distribution was performed on a multidetector CT. Two repeat dose experiments with the same scanning parameters and phantom and thermoluminescent dosimeter settings were conducted. RESULTS Brain-equivalent dose in slab parenchymal blood volume, whole-brain parenchymal blood volume, and CTP were 52.29 ± 35.31, 107.51 ± 31.20, and 163.55 ± 89.45 mSv, respectively. Variations in the measurement of an equivalent dose for the lens were highest in slab parenchymal blood volume (64.5%), followed by CTP (54.6%) and whole-brain parenchymal blood volume (29.0%). The effective doses of slab parenchymal blood volume, whole-brain parenchymal blood volume, and CTP were 0.87 ± 0.55, 3.91 ± 0.78, and 2.77 ± 1.59 mSv, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The dose measurement conducted in the current study was reliable and reproducible. The effective dose of slab parenchymal blood volume is about one-third that of CTP. With the advantages of on-site and immediate imaging availability and saving procedural time and patient transportation, slab parenchymal blood volume measurement using C-arm CT can be recommended for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- W F Chu
- From the Department of Radiology (W.F.C., C.J.L., S.C.H., C.F.C., W.Y.G.), Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, TaiwanSchool of Medicine (W.F.C., C.J.L., S.C.H., C.F.C., W.Y.G.)
| | - C J Lin
- From the Department of Radiology (W.F.C., C.J.L., S.C.H., C.F.C., W.Y.G.), Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, TaiwanSchool of Medicine (W.F.C., C.J.L., S.C.H., C.F.C., W.Y.G.)
| | - W S Chen
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences (W.S.C., T.H.W.), National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - S C Hung
- From the Department of Radiology (W.F.C., C.J.L., S.C.H., C.F.C., W.Y.G.), Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, TaiwanSchool of Medicine (W.F.C., C.J.L., S.C.H., C.F.C., W.Y.G.)
| | - C F Chiu
- From the Department of Radiology (W.F.C., C.J.L., S.C.H., C.F.C., W.Y.G.), Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, TaiwanSchool of Medicine (W.F.C., C.J.L., S.C.H., C.F.C., W.Y.G.)
| | - T H Wu
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences (W.S.C., T.H.W.), National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - W Y Guo
- From the Department of Radiology (W.F.C., C.J.L., S.C.H., C.F.C., W.Y.G.), Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, TaiwanSchool of Medicine (W.F.C., C.J.L., S.C.H., C.F.C., W.Y.G.)
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Wu YC, Chang IC, Wang CL, Chen TD, Chen YT, Liu HP, Chu Y, Chiu YT, Wu TH, Chou LH, Chen YR, Huang SF. Comparison of IHC, FISH and RT-PCR methods for detection of ALK rearrangements in 312 non-small cell lung cancer patients in Taiwan. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70839. [PMID: 23951022 PMCID: PMC3737393 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently Echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4- anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK) fusion gene has become an important biomarker for ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (crizotinib) treatment in NSCLC. However, the best detection method and the significance of EML4-ALK variant types remain uncertain. Methods Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), fluorescence in Situ hybridization (FISH) and Immunohistochemical (IHC) stain were performed on tumor tissues of 312 NSCLC patients for detection of ALK rearrangements. Mutation analyses for EGFR and KRAS genes were also performed. Results Thirteen of the 312 patients (4.17%) had ALK rearrangements detected by RT-PCR. If RT-PCR data was used as the gold standard, FISH tests had a low sensitivity (58.33%), but very good specificity (99.32%). IHC stain had better sensitivity (91.67%) than FISH, but lower specificity (79.52%), when the cut off was IHC2+. All of the 8 patients with high abundance of EML4-ALK positive cells in tumor tissues (assessed by the signal intensities of the RT-PCR product), were also have high expression of ALK protein (IHC3+), and positive for FISH, except one failed in FISH. Variants 3a+3b (4/5, 80%) of EML4-ALK fusion gene were more common to have high abundance of EML4-ALK positive cells in tumor tissues than variant 1 (1/3, 33.3%). Meta-analysis of the published data of 2273 NSCLC patients revealed that variant 3 (23/44, 52.3%) was the most common type in Chinese population, while variant 1 (28/37, 75.7%) was most common in Caucasian. Conclusions Among the three detection methods, RT-PCR could detect not only the presence of EML4-ALK fusion gene and their variant types, but also the abundance of EML4-ALK positive cells in NSCLC tumor tissues. The latter two factors might affect the treatment response to anti-ALK inhibitor. Including RT-PCR as a diagnostic test for ALK inhibitor treatment in the prospective clinical trials is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Cheng Wu
- Department of CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linko, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Il-Chi Chang
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Liang Wang
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linko, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Di Chen
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linko, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ping Liu
- Department of CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linko, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yen Chu
- Department of CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linko, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Chiu
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Li-Hui Chou
- Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Rong Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Shiu-Feng Huang
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linko, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Center, Taipei Branch, New Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Tzu-Chi University College of Medicine, Hualien, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Yang SM, Ka SM, Hua KF, Wu TH, Chuang YP, Lin YW, Yang FL, Wu SH, Yang SS, Lin SH, Chang JM, Chen A. Antroquinonol mitigates an accelerated and progressive IgA nephropathy model in mice by activating the Nrf2 pathway and inhibiting T cells and NLRP3 inflammasome. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 61:285-97. [PMID: 23567192 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), systemic T cell activation, and macrophage infiltration in the kidney are implicated in the acceleration and progression of IgA nephropathy (IgAN), the most frequent type of primary glomerulonephritis. However, the pathogenic mechanism of IgAN is still little understood, and it remains a challenge to establish a specific therapeutic strategy for this type of glomerular disorder. Recently, we showed that antroquinonol (Antroq), a pure active compound from Antrodia camphorata mycelium, inhibits renal inflammation and reduces oxidative stress in a mouse model of renal fibrosis. But the anti-inflammatory and immune-regulatory effects of Antroq on the acceleration and progression of primary glomerular disorders have not been determined. In this study, we show that Antroq administration substantially impeded the development of severe renal lesions, such as intense glomerular proliferation, crescents, sclerosis, and periglomerular interstitial inflammation, in mice with induced accelerated and progressive IgAN (AcP-IgAN). Further mechanistic analysis in AcP-IgAN mice showed that, early in the developmental stage of the AcP-IgAN model, Antroq promoted the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway and inhibited the activation of T cells and NLRP3 inflammasome. Significantly improved proteinuria/renal function and histopathology in AcP-IgAN mice of an established stage supported potential therapeutic effects of Antroq on the disease. In addition, Antroq was shown to inhibit activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in vitro by an IgA immune complex (IC) partly involving a reduced ROS production in IgA-IC-primed macrophages, and this finding may be helpful in the understanding of the mode of action of Antroq in the treated AcP-IgAN mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Min Yang
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shuk-Man Ka
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Kuo-Feng Hua
- Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Ilan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Ping Chuang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ya-Wen Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Feng-Ling Yang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shih-Hsiung Wu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sung-Sen Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shih-Hua Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jia-Ming Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Drug Evaluation Platform, Development Center for Biotechnology, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ann Chen
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Lu ML, Lin CH, Chen YC, Yang HC, Wu TH. Determination of olanzapine and N-desmethyl-olanzapine in plasma using a reversed-phase HPLC coupled with coulochemical detection: correlation of olanzapine or N-desmethyl-olanzapine concentration with metabolic parameters. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65719. [PMID: 23741510 PMCID: PMC3669135 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 04/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Olanzapine (OLZ) is one of the most prescribed atypical antipsychotic drugs but its use is associated with unfavorable metabolic abnormalities. N-desmethyl-olanzapine (DMO), one of the OLZ metabolites by CYP1A2, has been reported to have a normalizing action on metabolic abnormalities, but this remains unclear. Our aim was to explore the correlation between the concentrations of OLZ or DMO with various metabolic parameters in schizophrenic patients. METHODS The chromatographic analysis was carried out with a solvent delivery system coupled to a Coulochem III coulometric detector to determine OLZ and DMO simultaneously in OLZ-treated patients. The correlation between the concentration of OLZ or DMO and the metabolic parameters was analyzed by the Spearman rank order correlation method (r s). PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The established analytical method met proper standards for accuracy and reliability and the lower limitation of quantification for each injection of DMO or OLZ was 0.02 ng. The method was successfully used for the analysis of samples from nonsmoking patients (n = 48) treated with OLZ in the dosage range of 5-20 mg per day. There was no correlation between OLZ concentrations and tested metabolic parameters. DMO concentrations were negatively correlated with glucose (r s = -0.45) and DMO concentrations normalized by doses were also negatively correlated with insulin levels (r s = -0.39); however, there was a marginally positive correlation between DMO and homocysteine levels (r s = +0.38). CONCLUSIONS The observed negative correlations between levels of DMO and glucose or insulin suggest a metabolic normalization role for DMO regardless of its positive correlation with a known cardiovascular risk factor, homocysteine. Additional studies of the mechanisms underlying DMO's metabolic effects are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mong-Liang Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hui Lin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chuan Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huai-Chih Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Yeh MI, Huang HC, Liaw JH, Huang MC, Wu TH, Huang KF, Hsu FL. Ethosomes in hair dye products as carriers of the major compounds of black tea extracts. Int J Dermatol 2013; 52:868-75. [PMID: 23676188 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study describes a novel carrier, the ethosome-based system, which is composed of non-ionic surfactants, ethanol, and water. METHODS Brij(®) 52 (non-ionic surfactants), soya phosphatidylcholine (PC), cholesterol, and the major compounds (caffeine and gallic acid) of black tea extracts were dissolved in the ethanolic phase. The aqueous phase containing Paragon III was heated to 60 °C and mixed with the previous solution. Finally, 3.4 ml NaOH (6.5 N) was added to adjust the pH level to 4.05. The mixture was centrifuged at 2000 g for two minutes, and the precipitate was taken as the end product. Black tea extracts were applied in ethosome-based formulations, and the efficacy of these formulations in penetrating nude mouse skin and in dyeing white hairs was investigated. RESULTS Compared with an ethanolic solution and black tea extracts, the non-ionic ethosomal delivery system dramatically enhanced the adsorption of black tea extracts onto hair surfaces in vitro. The non-ionic ethosomal system was much more efficient in delivering and facilitating the adsorption of black tea extracts to the hair surface than hydroalcoholic black tea extracts. CONCLUSIONS This formulation may have potential for development as a hair dye and protective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-I Yeh
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lin CJ, Wu TH, Lin CH, Hung SC, Chiu CF, Liu MJ, Teng MMH, Chang FC, Guo WY, Chang CY. Can iterative reconstruction improve imaging quality for lower radiation CT perfusion? Initial experience. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2013; 34:1516-21. [PMID: 23578678 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Initial results using IR for CT of the head showed satisfactory subjective and objective imaging quality with a 20-40% radiation dose reduction. The aim of our study was to compare the influence of IR and FBP algorithms on perfusion parameters at standard and lowered doses of CTP. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty patients with unilateral carotid stenosis post-carotid stent placement referred for follow-up CTP were divided into 2 groups (tube currents were 100 mAs in group A and 80 mAs in group B). Datasets were reconstructed with IR and FBP algorithms; and SNRs of gray matter, white matter, and arterial and venous ROIs were compared. CBF, CBV, and MTT means and SNRs were evaluated by using linear regression, and qualitative imaging scores were compared across the 2 algorithms. RESULTS The mean effective radiation dose of group B (2.06 mSv) was approximately 20% lower than that of group A (2.56 mSv). SNRs for ROIs in the dynamic contrast-enhanced images were significantly higher than those for the FBP images. Correlations of the SNRs for CBF, CBV, and MTT across the 2 algorithms were moderate (R² = 0.46, 0.23, and 0.44, respectively). ROIs in gray matter rather than the IR algorithm predicted increasing SNRs in all CBF, CBV, and MTT maps. Two cases of significant restenosis were confirmed in both algorithms. CBV, CBF, and MTT imaging scores did not differ significantly across algorithms or groups. CONCLUSIONS Lower dose CTP (20% below normal dose) without IR can effectively identify oligemic tissue in poststenting follow-up. IR does not alter the absolute values or increase the SNRs of perfusion parameters. Other methods should be attempted to improve SNRs in settings with low tube currents.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Lin
- Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Fan YJ, Wu YC, Chen Y, Kung YC, Wu TH, Huang KW, Sheen HJ, Chiou PY. Three dimensional microfluidics with embedded microball lenses for parallel and high throughput multicolor fluorescence detection. Biomicrofluidics 2013; 7:44121. [PMID: 24404054 PMCID: PMC3765297 DOI: 10.1063/1.4818944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We report a 3D microfluidic device with 32 detection channels and 64 sheath flow channels and embedded microball lens array for high throughput multicolor fluorescence detection. A throughput of 358 400 cells/s has been accomplished. This device is realized by utilizing solid immersion micro ball lens arrays for high sensitivity and parallel fluorescence detection. High refractive index micro ball lenses (n = 2.1) are embedded underneath PDMS channels close to cell detection zones in channels. This design permits patterning high N.A. micro ball lenses in a compact fashion for parallel fluorescence detection on a small footprint device. This device also utilizes 3D microfluidic fabrication to address fluid routing issues in two-dimensional parallel sheath focusing and allows simultaneous pumping of 32 sample channels and 64 sheath flow channels with only two inlets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Fan
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA ; Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Y C Wu
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y Chen
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Y C Kung
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - T H Wu
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA ; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - K W Huang
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - H J Sheen
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - P Y Chiou
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA ; Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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Abstract
This study analysed the total number of consumed vials of chemotherapy drugs during the year 2007 to determine workloads, and investigated the effects of using the Spike medical device in contrast to the use of traditional needles on oncology pharmacists' dispensing time, muscle soreness, work-related burnout and fatigue symptoms. Work-related burnout and physiological symptoms were measured using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) and a visual analogue pain scale. The Spike device significantly reduced the time spent in drawing up fluorouracil (39.46 ± 9.43 s vs. 57.13 ± 13.47 s) or cisplatin (29.65 ± 11.22 s vs. 60.93 ± 20.54 s) compared with traditional needles (P < 0.001). The CBI burnout score improved significantly with the Spike device (53.21 ± 8.58 vs. 73.21 ± 5.42; P = 0.007) because finger and palm muscle soreness complaints and subjective fatigue symptoms for eye tiredness and shoulder-wrist pain were significantly reduced (P < 0.05). Practitioner Summary The pharmacist needs to exert hand strength to counter the vial back-suction pressure to draw out the medical liquid, and confirm the volume during the drawing antineoplastic drug procedure. This study aimed to determine the effects of using a medical device, instead of a needle, on pharmacists' work-related musculoskeletal complaints and burnouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Ching Chou
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Hua KF, Wang SH, Dong WC, Lin CY, Ho CL, Wu TH. High glucose increases nitric oxide generation in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages by enhancing activity of protein kinase C-α/δ and NF-κB. Inflamm Res 2012; 61:1107-16. [PMID: 22706318 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-012-0503-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 05/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although several mechanisms by which hyperglycemia modulate inflammation have been proposed, it remains unclear how hyperglycemia regulates inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHODS We hypothesized that hyperglycemia might interplay with LPS to modulate the generation of an inflammatory mediator. RAW 264.7 macrophages cultured in medium containing either normal glucose (5.5-mM) or high glucose (HG) (15- and 25-mM) were treated with LPS. The nitric oxide (NO) generation, inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression and cytokine release were then quantified by Griess reaction, western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) respectively. The effect of HG on the activation of kinase and Nuclear Factor-Kappa B (NF-κB) were measured by western blot and NF-κB reporter assay respectively. RESULTS Without LPS stimulation, HG alone did not induce NO generation and cytokine secretion; but LPS-induced NO generation, iNOS expression, and interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) secretion were higher in HG-cultured cells than in normal glucose-cultured cells. In contrast, LPS-induced interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) secretion were lower in HG-cultured cells than in normal glucose-cultured cells. Furthermore, HG increased iNOS expression and NO generation by enhancing phosphorylation levels of protein kinase C-alpha (PKC-α), protein kinase C-delta (PKC-δ), and p38 phosphorylation and NF-κB transcriptional activity. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed a possible role of PKC-α and PKC-δ potentially involved in diabetes-promoted inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Feng Hua
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Ilan University, Ilan, Taiwan
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Hsu FL, Huang WJ, Wu TH, Lee MH, Chen LC, Lu HJ, Hou WC, Lin MH. Evaluation of antioxidant and free radical scavenging capacities of polyphenolics from pods of Caesalpinia pulcherrima. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:6073-6088. [PMID: 22754350 PMCID: PMC3382783 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13056073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Revised: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thirteen polyphenolics were isolated from fresh pods of Caesalpinia pulcherrima using various methods of column chromatography. The structures of these polyphenolics were elucidated as gallic acid (1), methyl gallate (2), 6-O-galloyl-d-glucoside (3), methyl 6-O-galloyl-β-d-glucoside (4), methyl 3,6-di-O-galloyl-α-d-glucopyranoside (5), gentisic acid 5-O-α-d-(6'-O-galloyl)glucopyranoside (6), guaiacylglycerol 4-O-β-d-(6'-O-galloyl)glucopyranoside (7), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenol 1-O-β-d-(6'-O-galloyl) glucopyranoside (8), (+)-gallocatechin (9), (+)-catechin (10), (+)-gallocatechin 3-O-gallate (11), myricetin 3-rhamnoside (12), and ampelopsin (13). All isolated compounds were tested for their antioxidant activities in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl, and peroxynitrite radicals scavenging assays. Among those compounds, 11, 12, and 2 exhibited the best DPPH-, hydroxyl-, and peroxynitrite radical-scavenging activities, respectively. Compound 7 is a new compound, and possesses better scavenging activities towards DPPH but has equivalent hydroxyl radical scavenging activity when compared to BHT. The paper is the first report on free radical scavenging properties of components of the fresh pods of Caesalpinia pulcherrima. The results obtained from the current study indicate that the free radical scavenging property of fresh pods of Caesalpinia pulcherrima may be one of the mechanisms by which this herbal medicine is effective in several free radical mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Lin Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan; E-Mails: (F.-L.H.); (W.-J.H.); (M.-H.L.); (H.-J.L.); (W.-C.H.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University Hospital, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan; E-Mails: (F.-L.H.); (W.-J.H.); (M.-H.L.); (H.-J.L.); (W.-C.H.)
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan; E-Mails: (T.-H.W.); (L.-C.C.)
| | - Mei-Hsien Lee
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan; E-Mails: (F.-L.H.); (W.-J.H.); (M.-H.L.); (H.-J.L.); (W.-C.H.)
| | - Lih-Chi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan; E-Mails: (T.-H.W.); (L.-C.C.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei City Hospital, No.145, Zhengzhou Rd., Taipei 10341, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Jen Lu
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan; E-Mails: (F.-L.H.); (W.-J.H.); (M.-H.L.); (H.-J.L.); (W.-C.H.)
| | - Wen-Chi Hou
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan; E-Mails: (F.-L.H.); (W.-J.H.); (M.-H.L.); (H.-J.L.); (W.-C.H.)
| | - Mei-Hsiang Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei 11031, Taiwan; E-Mails: (T.-H.W.); (L.-C.C.)
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Hsu FY, Lee WF, Tung CJ, Lee JS, Wu TH, Hsu SM, Su HT, Chen TR. Ambient and personal dose assessment of a container inspection site using a mobile X-ray system. Appl Radiat Isot 2011; 70:456-61. [PMID: 22104499 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2011.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Revised: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Ambient monitor and phantom studies of absorbed and effective doses by TLDs were carried out in a non-intrusive inspection station for containers, Terminal I, of Taichung harbor, Taiwan. The doses from the X-ray scan in the control room and driver waiting room, located outside of the radiation control area, were quite small and could not be distinguished from the natural background radiation. The doses in the driver cab and the inspector cab of the X-ray scan car were also within background radiation levels. The protection wall, a 40-cm thick concrete barrier, can effectively attenuate the intensity of the primary X-ray scan. The possible effective dose of a person in the container or trailer is about 3.15 ± 0.23 μSv/scan and 2.31 ± 0.38 μSv/scan. This dose is below the annual background dose. If someone was to be scanned by the X-ray, the effective dose would be at an acceptable level.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Y Hsu
- Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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Lin MH, Liu HK, Huang WJ, Huang CC, Wu TH, Hsu FL. Evaluation of the potential hypoglycemic and Beta-cell protective constituents isolated from Corni fructus to tackle insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Agric Food Chem 2011; 59:7743-51. [PMID: 21682333 DOI: 10.1021/jf201189r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Corni fructus is the fruit of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc. and has attracted much interest due to its traditional applications and active fraction that reportedly possesses antidiabetic effects. In this study, we isolated 12 compounds from Corni fructus including three flavonoids, two iridoid glycosides, three phenolic compounds, and two triterpenoids, together with cornuside (11) and 2-butoxybutanedioic acid (12). Chemical structures were identified by (1)H, (13)C NMR, DEPT, COSY, HSQC, and HMBC spectral analyses. Furthermore, the glucose uptake efficiency, messenger (m)RNA expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), and prevention of cytokine-mediated cytotoxicity in the presence of test agents were evaluated. While CH and CB significantly increased glucose uptake from muscle, compounds 3 and 8, each at 50 μM, significantly suppressed PEPCK mRNA expression. Finally, compound 5, at 50 and 100 μM, effectively attenuated β-cell death. In conclusion, those compounds could contribute to the antihyperglycemic and β-cell-protective actions of Corni fructus against diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Hsiang Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Hu CC, Liao JH, Hsu KY, Lin IL, Tsai MH, Wu WH, Wei TT, Huang YS, Chiu SJ, Chen HY, Wu SH, Wu TH. Role of pirenoxine in the effects of catalin on in vitro ultraviolet-induced lens protein turbidity and selenite-induced cataractogenesis in vivo. Mol Vis 2011; 17:1862-70. [PMID: 21850160 PMCID: PMC3144730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 07/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, we investigated the biochemical pharmacology of pirenoxine (PRX) and catalin under in vitro selenite/calcium- and ultraviolet (UV)-induced lens protein turbidity challenges. The systemic effects of catalin were determined using a selenite-induced cataractogenesis rat model. METHODS In vitro cataractogenesis assay systems (including UVB/C photo-oxidation of lens crystallins, calpain-induced proteolysis, and selenite/calcium-induced turbidity of lens crystallin solutions) were used to screen the activity of PRX and catalin eye drop solutions. Turbidity was identified as the optical density measured using spectroscopy at 405 nm. We also determined the in vivo effects of catalin on cataract severity in a selenite-induced cataract rat model. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was applied to analyze the integrity of crystallin samples. RESULTS PRX at 1,000 μM significantly delayed UVC-induced turbidity formation compared to controls after 4 h of UVC exposure (p<0.05), but not in groups incubated with PRX concentrations of <1,000 μM. Results were further confirmed by SDS-PAGE. The absolute γ-crystallin turbidity induced by 4 h of UVC exposure was ameliorated in the presence of catalin equivalent to 1~100 μM PRX in a concentration-dependent manner. Samples with catalin-formulated vehicle only (CataV) and those containing PRX equivalent to 100 μM had a similar protective effect after 4 h of UVC exposure compared to the controls (p<0.05). PRX at 0.03, 0.1, and 0.3 μM significantly delayed 10 mM selenite- and calcium-induced turbidity formation compared to controls on days 0~4 (p<0.05). Catalin (equivalent to 32, 80, and 100 μM PRX) had an initial protective effect against selenite-induced lens protein turbidity on day 1 (p<0.05). Subcutaneous pretreatment with catalin (5 mg/kg) also statistically decreased the mean cataract scores in selenite-induced cataract rats on post-induction day 3 compared to the controls (1.3±0.2 versus 2.4±0.4; p<0.05). However, catalin (equivalent to up to 100 μM PRX) did not inhibit calpain-induced proteolysis activated by calcium, and neither did 100 μM PRX. CONCLUSIONS PRX at micromolar levels ameliorated selenite- and calcium-induced lens protein turbidity but required millimolar levels to protect against UVC irradiation. The observed inhibition of UVC-induced turbidity of lens crystallins by catalin at micromolar concentrations may have been a result of the catalin-formulated vehicle. Transient protection by catalin against selenite-induced turbidity of crystallin solutions in vitro was supported by the ameliorated cataract scores in the early stage of cataractogenesis in vivo by subcutaneously administered catalin. PRX could not inhibit calpain-induced proteolysis activated by calcium or catalin itself, and may be detrimental to crystallins under UVB exposure. Further studies on formulation modifications of catalin and recommended doses of PRX to optimize clinical efficacy by cataract type are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Chien Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, Hsinchuang, Taiwan,School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiahn-Haur Liao
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Yang Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Lin Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsuan Tsai
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hsin Wu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Tang Wei
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shiang Huang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jiuan Chiu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsiung Wu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Liao JH, Chen CS, Hu CC, Chen WT, Wang SP, Lin IL, Huang YH, Tsai MH, Wu TH, Huang FY, Wu SH. Ditopic Complexation of Selenite Anions or Calcium Cations by Pirenoxine: An Implication for Anti-Cataractogenesis. Inorg Chem 2010; 50:365-77. [DOI: 10.1021/ic102151p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahn-Haur Liao
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Sheng Chen
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chien Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, Hsinchuang, 242, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Pin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - I-Lin Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Han Huang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsuan Tsai
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Yung Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsiung Wu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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Liao JH, Lin YC, Hsu J, Lee AYL, Chen TA, Hsu CH, Chir JL, Hua KF, Wu TH, Hong LJ, Yen PW, Chiou A, Wu SH. Binding and cleavage of E. coli HUbeta by the E. coli Lon protease. Biophys J 2010; 98:129-37. [PMID: 20085725 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2009] [Revised: 09/22/2009] [Accepted: 09/24/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Escherichia coli Lon protease degrades the E. coli DNA-binding protein HUbeta, but not the related protein HUalpha. Here we show that the Lon protease binds to both HUbeta and HUalpha, but selectively degrades only HUbeta in the presence of ATP. Mass spectrometry of HUbeta peptide fragments revealed that region K18-G22 is the preferred cleavage site, followed in preference by L36-K37. The preferred cleavage site was further refined to A20-A21 by constructing and testing mutant proteins; Lon degraded HUbeta-A20Q and HUbeta-A20D more slowly than HUbeta. We used optical tweezers to measure the rupture force between HU proteins and Lon; HUalpha, HUbeta, and HUbeta-A20D can bind to Lon, and in the presence of ATP, the rupture force between each of these proteins and Lon became weaker. Our results support a mechanism of Lon protease cleavage of HU proteins in at least three stages: binding of Lon with the HU protein (HUbeta, HUalpha, or HUbeta-A20D); hydrolysis of ATP by Lon to provide energy to loosen the binding to the HU protein and to allow an induced-fit conformational change; and specific cleavage of only HUbeta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahn-Haur Liao
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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Abstract
Smoking of meats and fish is one of the earliest preservation technologies developed by humans. In this study, the smoking process was evaluated as a method for reducing oxidation of pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) oils and also maintaining the quality of oil in aged fish prior to oil extraction. Salmon heads that were subjected to high temperatures (95 degrees C) during smoking unexpectedly produced oils with fewer products of oxidation than their unprocessed counterparts, as measured by peroxide value (PV), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and fatty acids (FA). Higher temperatures and longer smoking times resulted in correspondingly lower quantities of oxidative products in the oils. Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis of smoke-processed oils confirmed that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were not being destroyed. Smoke-processing also imparted antioxidant potential to the extracted oils. Even when antioxidants, such as ethoxyquin or butylated hydroxytoluene, were added to raw oils, the smoke-processed oils still maintained lower levels of oxidation after 14 d of storage. However, decreased antioxidant capacity of smoke-processed oils was noted when they were heated above 75 degrees C. Vitamin studies supported the antioxidant results, with smoke-processed oils displaying higher levels of alpha-tocopherol than raw oils. Results suggest that smoking salmon prior to oil extraction can protect valuable PUFA-rich oils from oxidation. Improved preservation methods for marine oils may extend their usefulness when added as a supplement to enhance levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Bower
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, PO Box 757200, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7200, USA.
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Liao JH, Chen CS, Maher TJ, Liu CY, Lin MH, Wu TH, Wu SH. Astaxanthin Interacts with Selenite and Attenuates Selenite-Induced Cataractogenesis. Chem Res Toxicol 2009; 22:518-25. [DOI: 10.1021/tx800378z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahn-Haur Liao
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA, and School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Sheng Chen
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA, and School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Timothy J. Maher
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA, and School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yueh Liu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA, and School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsiang Lin
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA, and School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA, and School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsiung Wu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA, and School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
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Wu TH, Chiu CC, Shen WW, Lin FW, Wang LH, Chen HY, Lu ML. Pharmacokinetics of olanzapine in Chinese male schizophrenic patients with various smoking behaviors. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2008; 32:1889-93. [PMID: 18796323 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2008.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2008] [Revised: 08/22/2008] [Accepted: 08/28/2008] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco consumption has been recognized as a factor mediating the interindividual variations in olanzapine's pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. The primary objective of this study was to describe the dose effect of smoking on the dose-plasma concentration relationship and the pharmacokinetics of oral olanzapine in male schizophrenic patients using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrochemical detector. Twenty-seven male schizophrenic inpatients were recruited and were stratified into the following groups according to smoking behaviors: non-smokers (n=9), light-smokers (1-4 cigarettes per day; n=9), and heavy-smokers (>or=5 cigarettes per day; n=9). Plasma olanzapine concentrations were determined up to 120 h following a single oral dose of 10 mg olanzapine. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by the non-compartment method using WinNonlin software. Results show that there was a significant correlation among non-smokers (n=9; 0.79; p=0.01) or combined with light-smokers (n=18; 0.62; p<0.01) between peak plasma olanzapine concentrations (Cmax) and their individual dose-corrected by body weight, but this correlation did not appear in heavy-smokers. There were no significant differences between non-smokers and light-smokers except for significant decreased AUC0-->120 by 45.1% in light-smokers. The mean C(max) and the mean area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to 120 h (AUC0-->120) of the heavy-smoking patients was 9.3+/-4.3 ng/ml (65.2% reduction compared to the non-smokers) and 302.4+/-167.8 h ng/ml (67.6% reduction compared to the non-smokers), respectively. In summary, a daily consumption of 5 cigarettes is probably sufficient for induction of olanzapine metabolism. Smoking cessation is recommended for olanzapine therapy to have better prediction for therapeutic dosages particularly in heavy-smokers. Compared to non-smokers, heavy-smokers therefore require a 50-100% increase in olanzapine doses. Therapeutic drug monitoring will need to be considered when schizophrenic patients change their smoking behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hua Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, and Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen CH, Chiu CC, Huang MC, Wu TH, Liu HC, Lu ML. Metformin for metabolic dysregulation in schizophrenic patients treated with olanzapine. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2008; 32:925-31. [PMID: 18082302 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2007.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2007] [Revised: 11/05/2007] [Accepted: 11/07/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The second generation antipsychotic drugs, such as risperidone, olanzapine, and quetiapine, are effective in treating patients with schizophrenia and have been considered as the first line therapy. Recently, increasing attention has been drawn to the potential diabetogenic effect of these novel antipsychotics. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of metformin treatment on the olanzapine-induced metabolic disturbance in schizophrenic patients. Twenty-four schizophrenic subjects who had received olanzapine treatment at least 3 months were assigned to the therapy with metformin 1500 mg/day for 8 weeks. The metabolic parameters were quantitatively assessed at baseline, weeks 2, 4, and 8 by using the intravenous glucose tolerance test. After an 8-week treatment with metformin, the body weight, fasting levels of glucose, triglyceride, and insulin, insulin secretion, and insulin resistance significantly decreased. Half of study subjects with metabolic syndrome obtained improvement after the metformin trial. Subjects' psychopathological condition remained unchanged during the study period. The olanzapine-induced metabolic disturbance could be reversed after 8-week metformin treatment. Based on the results of this study, we hypothesize that metformin could modulate the effect of olanzapine-induced metabolic disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hsin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abstract
Deceleration of the regioselective cis/trans isomerization of all-trans-astaxanthin (ASTX) in the presence of Ca2+ was shown by HPLC analysis. The NMR and ITC analyses provided evidence for complexation of ASTX with Ca2+ in 1:2 stoichiometry via chelation at both carbonyl and hydroxyl groups. The rotation across torsion omega6 (C5-C6-C7-C8) upon complexation is consistent with the NOE between 7-H and 5-CH3. This study supports the inhibitory effect of ASTX on calcium-induced turbidity of lens crystallins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Sheng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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Zheng JW, Zhang ZB, Wu TH, Zhang Y. A wearable mobihealth care system supporting real-time diagnosis and alarm. Med Biol Eng Comput 2007; 45:877-85. [PMID: 17619091 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-007-0221-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2006] [Accepted: 06/11/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a wearable mobihealth care system aiming at providing long-term continuous monitoring of vital signs for high-risk cardiovascular patients. We use a portable patient unit (PPU) and a wearable shirt (WS) to monitor electrocardiogram (ECG), respiration (acquired with respiratory inductive plethysmography, RIP), and activity. Owing to integrating fabric sensors and electrodes endowed with electro-physical properties into the WS, long-term continuous monitoring can be realized without making patients feel uncomfortable and restricting their mobility. The PPU analyzes physiological signals in real time and determines whether the patient is in danger or needs external help. The PPU will alert the patient and an emergency call will be automatically established with a medical service center (MSC) when life-threatening arrhythmias or falls are detected. With advanced gpsOne technology, the patient can be located and rescued immediately whether he/she is indoors or outdoors in case of emergency.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Zheng
- Institute of Medical Equipment, National Biological Protection Engineering Center, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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Chen CJ, Tsai CC, Hsieh JF, Chien CM, Wu TH, Chen ST. A Screening Platform for Compounds with Potential Immuno-Regulatory Activities Using Human Cord Blood Mononuclear Cells. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2006; 9:777-84. [PMID: 17168683 DOI: 10.2174/138620706779026033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A systematic and combinatorial approach was adopted using human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (hUCB-MNCs) to screen for potential immuno-regulatory compounds. The hUCB-MNCs contain several types of immunogenic cells, which are a suitable material to mimic the in vivo immuno-response after drug treatment. hUCB-MNCs were treated with various natural products such as quercetin, astaxanthin, caffeic acid, bilobalide, eugenol, rutin and gamma-dodecalactone (gamma-DDL). Phenotypic expression analysis revealed that the subpopulation of CD3(+) T cells, CD56(+) NK cells and CD1a(+) dendritic cells apparently increased after being treated with gamma-DDL for 6 days. The expression of CD56 reached a maximum at 72 h with a dose-dependent relationship. The NK cells activation marker (CD69) also elevated following gamma-DDL treatment. These results demonstrated that the gamma-DDL has immuno-regulatory effects to enhance cord blood NK cells population and bioactivities. Such a high-throughput methodology using hUCB-MNCs may be an effective platform for systematically screening potential immuno-regulatory compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Jung Chen
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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