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Al‐Kuraishy HM, Al‐Gareeb AI, Mohammed AA, Alexiou A, Papadakis M, Batiha GE. The potential link between Covid-19 and multiple myeloma: A new saga. Immun Inflamm Dis 2022; 10:e701. [PMID: 36444620 PMCID: PMC9673426 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Covid-19 is considered a primary respiratory disease-causing viral pneumonia and, in severe cases, leads to acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In addition, though, extra-pulmonary manifestations of Covid-19 have been shown. Furthermore, severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may coexist with several malignancies, including multiple myeloma (MM). METHODS This critical literature review aimed to find the potential association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and MM in Covid-19 patients with underlying MM. Narrative literature and databases search revealed that ARDS is developed in both MM and Covid-19 due to hypercalcemia and proteasome dysfunction. RESULTS Notably, the expression of angiogenic factors and glutamine deficiency could link Covid-19 severity and MM in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular complications. MM and Covid-19 share thrombosis as a typical complication; unlike thrombosis in Covid-19, which reflects disease severity, thrombosis does not reflect disease severity in MM. In both conditions, thromboprophylaxis is essential to prevent pulmonary thrombosis and other thromboembolic disorders. Moreover, Covid-19 may exacerbate the development of acute kidney injury and neurological complications in MM patients. CONCLUSION These findings highlighted that MM patients might be a risk group for Covid-19 severity due to underlying immunosuppression and most of those patients need specific management in the Covid-19 era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M. Al‐Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of MedicineALmustansiriyia UniversityBaghdadIraq
| | - Ali I. Al‐Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of MedicineALmustansiriyia UniversityBaghdadIraq
| | - Ali A Mohammed
- The Chest Clinic, Barts Health NHS TrustWhipps Cross University HospitalLondonUK
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and EngineeringNovel Global Community Educational FoundationHebershamAustralia
- AFNP MedWienAustria
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten‐HerdeckeUniversity of Witten‐HerdeckeWuppertalGermany
| | - Gaber El‐Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineDamanhour UniversityDamanhourEgypt
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17-Allylamino-demethoxygeldanamycin Used Alone or in Combination with Sodium Orthovanadate Promotes Apoptosis and Inhibits Invasion of SH-SY5Y Cells by Modulating PIWIL2. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/7894712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the most common extracranial solid tumors of childhood and accounts for 15% of cancer deaths. Even with the multimodality treatment protocols, the advanced-stage tumor overall 5-year survival rate is less than 50%. Therefore, novel drug therapy targeting cellular signal transduction pathways regulating the apoptotic cascade may be important for the treatment of drug-resistant NB. In our previous studies, we have demonstrated that 5 μM sodium orthovanadate (SOV) induced the apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cells. 17-Allylamino-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) is a geldanamycin- (GA-) derived heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor, and it has been shown to have potent antitumor activity in head and neck cancers. However, the effect of 17-AAG on the apoptosis of NB cells has not been reported. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 17-AAG and SOV on the growth and invasion of SH-SY5Y cells in vitro and explore the related mechanism. In this study, we first investigated the antiviability effect of 17-AAG on SH-SY5Y cells, then studied the cell apoptosis and invasion influenced by 17-AAG and SOV, and assessed the role of PIWI-Like2 (PIWIL2) and piRNA-PIWI signaling in it. The results showed that 5 μM 17-AAG inhibited cell growth and viability and induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. Both 17-AAG and SOV reduced the level of PIWIL2 and Bcl-xl proteins and inhibited the invasion of SH-SY5Y cells. In addition, the combined use of the two drugs had greater effect than the single use of any drug.
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Shen Y, Ji C, Jian X, Zhou J, Zhang Q, Qiao N, Zhang Y, Shou X, Zhou X, Ma Z. Regulation of the EGFR Pathway by HSP90 Is Involved in the Pathogenesis of Cushing's Disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:601984. [PMID: 33537004 PMCID: PMC7848029 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.601984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the role of heat-shock protein Hsp90 in adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting cells, and to explore the potential clinical application of an inhibitor of Hsp90, 17-N-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin(17-AAG) in corticotropinomas [also known as "Cushing's disease" (CD)]. METHODS Culture of mouse pituitary tumor [AtT-20/D16v-F2 (ATCC® CRL-1795™)] cells and human pituitary ACTH-secreting tumor cells were employed. Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HLE) was used to evaluate EGFR inhibition by 17-AAG. Cell viability was evaluated using a commercial kit. The ACTH level was measured by a radioimmunoassay. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to measure expression of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA. Western blotting was done to measure protein levels. RESULTS 17-AAG suppressed the viability and proliferation, and promoted the apoptosis, of AtT-20/D16v-F2 cells. 17-AAG suppressed the synthesis and secretion of ACTH in AtT-20/D16v-F2 cells and down-regulated POMC transcription. 17-AAG acted in a similar pattern upon treatment with human pituitary ACTH-secreting tumor cells. Inhibition by 17-AAG was stronger in human pituitary ACTH-secreting tumor cells carrying the ubiquitin-specific protease-8 (USP8) mutant in comparison with cells carrying wild-type USP8. CONCLUSIONS The HSP90 inhibitor 17-AAG reduced the viability and secretory function of human pituitary ACTH-secreting tumor cells, and tumor cells carrying the USP8 mutant were more sensitive to 17-AAG than tumor cells carrying wild-type USP8. 17-AAG could be a potential treatment option for CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenxing Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuemin Jian
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qilin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Nidan Qiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yichao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefei Shou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zengyi Ma, ; Xiang Zhou,
| | - Zengyi Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zengyi Ma, ; Xiang Zhou,
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Lind J, Czernilofsky F, Vallet S, Podar K. Emerging protein kinase inhibitors for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2019; 24:133-152. [PMID: 31327278 DOI: 10.1080/14728214.2019.1647165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Significant advances have been made during the last two decades in terms of new therapeutic options but also of innovative approaches to diagnosis and management of multiple myeloma (MM). While patient survival has been significantly prolonged, most patients relapse. Including the milestone approval of the first kinase inhibitor imatinib mesylate for CML in 2001, 48 small molecule protein kinase (PK) inhibitors have entered clinical practice until now. However, no PK inhibitor has been approved for MM therapy yet. Areas covered: This review article summarizes up-to-date knowledge on the pathophysiologic role of PKs in MM. Derived small molecules targeting receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), the Ras/Raf/MEK/MAPK- pathway, the PI3K/Akt/mTOR- pathway as well as Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK), Aurora kinases (AURK), and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are most promising. Preclinical as well as early clinical data focusing on these molecules will be presented and critically reviewed. Expert opinion: Current MM therapy is directed against general vulnerabilities. Novel therapeutic strategies, inhibition of PKs in particular, are directed to target tumor-specific driver aberrations such as genetic abnormalities and microenvironment-driven deregulations. Results of ongoing Precision Medicine trials with PK inhibitors alone or in combination with other agents are eagerly awaited and hold the promise of once more improving MM patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Lind
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Krems, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences , Krems an der Donau , Austria
| | - Felix Czernilofsky
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Krems, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences , Krems an der Donau , Austria
| | - Sonia Vallet
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Krems, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences , Krems an der Donau , Austria
| | - Klaus Podar
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Krems, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences , Krems an der Donau , Austria
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Shah SP, Nooka AK, Jaye DL, Bahlis NJ, Lonial S, Boise LH. Bortezomib-induced heat shock response protects multiple myeloma cells and is activated by heat shock factor 1 serine 326 phosphorylation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:59727-59741. [PMID: 27487129 PMCID: PMC5312344 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitors such as bortezomib are highly active in multiple myeloma by affecting signaling cascades and leading to a toxic buildup of misfolded proteins. Bortezomib-treated cells activate the cytoprotective heat shock response (HSR), including upregulation of heat shock proteins (HSPs). Here we inhibited the bortezomib-induced HSR by silencing its master regulator, Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1). HSF1 silencing led to bortezomib sensitization. In contrast, silencing of individual and combination HSPs, except HSP40β, did not result in significant bortezomib sensitization. However, HSP40β did not entirely account for increased bortezomib sensitivity upon HSF1 silencing. To determine the mechanism of HSF1 activation, we assessed phosphorylation and observed bortezomib-inducible phosphorylation in cell lines and patient samples. We determined that this bortezomib-inducible event is phosphorylation at serine 326. Prior clinical use of HSP inhibitors in combination with bortezomib has been disappointing in multiple myeloma therapy. Our results provide a rationale for targeting HSF1 activation in combination with bortezomib to enhance multiple myeloma treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shardule P Shah
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University and the Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ajay K Nooka
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University and the Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David L Jaye
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University and the Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nizar J Bahlis
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sagar Lonial
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University and the Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lawrence H Boise
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University and the Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Russo R, Cimmino F, Pezone L, Manna F, Avitabile M, Langella C, Koster J, Casale F, Raia M, Viola G, Fischer M, Iolascon A, Capasso M. Kinome expression profiling of human neuroblastoma tumors identifies potential drug targets for ultra high-risk patients. Carcinogenesis 2017; 38:1011-1020. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Russo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy,
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy,
| | - Flora Cimmino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy,
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy,
| | - Lucia Pezone
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy,
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona,
| | - Francesco Manna
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy,
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy,
| | - Marianna Avitabile
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy,
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy,
| | - Concetta Langella
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy,
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy,
| | - Jan Koster
- Department of Oncogenomics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,
| | - Fiorina Casale
- Servizio di Oncologia Pediatrica, Dipartimento della Donna, del Bambino e di Chirurgia Generale e Specialistica—Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Italy,
| | | | - Giampietro Viola
- Dipartimento di Salute della Donna e del Bambino, Università degli Studi di Padova, Italy,
| | - Matthias Fischer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University of Cologne Children’s Hospital, Cologne, Germany,
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne, Germany and
| | - Achille Iolascon
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy,
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy,
| | - Mario Capasso
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy,
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy,
- IRCCS SDN, Istituto di Ricerca Diagnostica e Nucleare, Napoli, Italy
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Woodford MR, Dunn D, Miller JB, Jamal S, Neckers L, Mollapour M. Impact of Posttranslational Modifications on the Anticancer Activity of Hsp90 Inhibitors. Adv Cancer Res 2015; 129:31-50. [PMID: 26916000 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Molecular chaperones are essential for guarding proteins that are indispensable for normal cellular functions. Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a vital molecular chaperone in eukaryotes that participates in stabilizing and activating approximately 200 target proteins, called "clients," many of which are involved in signal transduction pathways. Cancer cells however utilize Hsp90 to chaperone an array of mutated and overexpressed oncoproteins to protect them from misfolding and degradation. Therefore, Hsp90 is an attractive target in cancer therapy. Hsp90 chaperone function relies on ATP binding and hydrolysis, which in turn guides its carefully orchestrated conformational changes. This chaperone cycle is fine-tuned by another group of proteins called co-chaperones. They are able to accelerate or decelerate the cycle, allowing Hsp90 to chaperone different clients. Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) can also regulate the chaperone cycle at an epigenetic level thereby tailoring Hsp90 function to suit a specific cell type or environmental condition. Recent evidence suggests that inhibition of the enzymes that catalyze the PTM of Hsp90 can act synergistically with Hsp90 inhibitors, providing a novel therapeutic strategy to enhance the efficacy of Hsp90 inhibitors in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Woodford
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA; Cancer Research Institute, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Diana Dunn
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA; Cancer Research Institute, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Jonelle B Miller
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA; Cancer Research Institute, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Sami Jamal
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA; Cancer Research Institute, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Len Neckers
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mehdi Mollapour
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA; Cancer Research Institute, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA.
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Fu Y, Zhang Y, Zhang F, Liu J, Gui R. [Research on multiple myeloma cell apoptosis by inhibition of mTORC2 and chaperon pathways]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2015; 36:780-4. [PMID: 26462781 PMCID: PMC7342707 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2015.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
目的 探讨共同抑制mTORC2信号通路和热休克蛋白90对多发性骨髓瘤(MM)细胞AKT蛋白表达及细胞凋亡的影响。 方法 采用雷帕霉素(20 nmol/L)、17-烯丙胺-17-脱甲氧格尔德霉素(17-AAG)(600 nmol/L)分别及两药联合处理MM细胞株U266、KM3细胞0、8、24、48 h, MTT法检测其对细胞增殖的影响;流式细胞术检测其对细胞凋亡及细胞周期的影响;Western blot法检测其对p-AKT(ser473)、p-AKT(thr450)、p-S6(S235/236)及AKT蛋白表达的影响。 结果 与空白对照组比较,雷帕霉素、17-AAG分别及两药联合后均可抑制U266、KM3细胞增殖,尤以联用后抑制作用最为明显(P值均<0.05);均可使细胞周期阻滞在G1期,尤其在作用48 h时周期阻滞最明显(P值均<0.01);处理48 h后空白对照组、雷帕霉素组、17-AAG组、两药联用组KM3细胞的凋亡率分别为(12.21±0.89)%、(18.88±1.83)%、(21.04±0.60)%、(60.07±2.13)%,U266细胞的凋亡率分别为(8.72±0.15)%、(16.45± 0.65)%、(17.14±0.59)%、(54.25±1.76)%,与空白对照组比较差异均有统计学意义,两药联用组促凋亡作用更为明显(P值均<0.01)。雷帕霉素作用48 h后可抑制mTORC2信号通路;单用雷帕霉素或17-AAG时可降低AKT蛋白的表达,两药联用作用更为明显(P值均<0.01)。 结论 共同抑制mTORC2和HSP90活性可降低AKT蛋白的表达,在体外可明显促进MM细胞株U266、KM3细胞的凋亡。
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Fu
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Ya'nan Zhang
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Jing Liu
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Rong Gui
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
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9
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Shah SP, Lonial S, Boise LH. When Cancer Fights Back: Multiple Myeloma, Proteasome Inhibition, and the Heat-Shock Response. Mol Cancer Res 2015; 13:1163-73. [PMID: 26013169 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-15-0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell malignancy with an estimated 26,850 new cases and 11,240 deaths in 2015 in the United States. Two main classes of agents are the mainstays of therapy-proteasome inhibitors (PI) and immunomodulatory drugs (IMiD). Other new targets are emerging rapidly, including monoclonal antibodies and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. These therapeutic options have greatly improved overall survival, but currently only 15% to 20% of patients experience long-term progression-free survival or are cured. Therefore, improvement in treatment options is needed. One potential means of improving clinical options is to target resistance mechanisms for current agents. For example, eliminating the cytoprotective heat-shock response that protects myeloma cells from proteasome inhibition may enhance PI-based therapies. The transcription factor heat-shock factor 1 (HSF1) is the master regulator of the heat-shock response. HSF1 is vital in the proteotoxic stress response, and its activation is controlled by posttranslational modifications (PTM). This review details the mechanisms of HSF1 regulation and discusses leveraging that regulation to enhance PI activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shardule P Shah
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship, Cancer Institute of Emory University and the Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Sagar Lonial
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship, Cancer Institute of Emory University and the Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lawrence H Boise
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship, Cancer Institute of Emory University and the Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia. Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
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10
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Shahinas D, Debnath A, Benedict C, McKerrow JH, Pillai DR. Heat shock protein 90 inhibitors repurposed against Entamoeba histolytica. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:368. [PMID: 26029171 PMCID: PMC4429810 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hsp90 is an essential chaperone responsible for trafficking a vast array of client proteins, which are substrates that Hsp90 regulates in eukaryotic cells under stress conditions. The ATP-binding N-terminal domain of Hsp90 (also known as a GHKL type ATPase domain) can serve as a specific drug target, because sufficient structural diversity in the ATP-binding pocket of Hsp90 allows for ortholog selectivity of Hsp90 inhibitors. The primary objective of this study is to identify inhibitors specific for the ATP-binding domain of Entamoeba histolytica Hsp90 (EhHsp90). An additional aim, using a combination of site-directed mutagenesis and a protein in vitro assay, is to show that the antiparasitic activity of Hsp90 inhibitors is dependent on specific residues within the ATP-binding domain. Here, we tested the activity of 43 inhibitors of Hsp90 that we previously identified using a high-throughput screen. Of the 43 compounds tested, 19 competed for binding of the EhHsp90 ATP-binding domain. Five out of the 19 EhHsp90 protein hits demonstrated activity against E. histolytica in vitro culture: rifabutin, rutilantin, cetylpyridinium chloride, pararosaniline pamoate and gentian violet. These five top E. histolytica Hsp90 inhibitors showed 30-100% inhibition of E. histolytica in culture in the micromolar range. These data suggest that E. histolytica-specific Hsp90 inhibitors are possible to identify and provide important lead compounds for the development of novel antiamebic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dea Shahinas
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anjan Debnath
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christan Benedict
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - James H McKerrow
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dylan R Pillai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary Calgary, AB, Canada
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Abdi J, Chen G, Chang H. Drug resistance in multiple myeloma: latest findings and new concepts on molecular mechanisms. Oncotarget 2014; 4:2186-207. [PMID: 24327604 PMCID: PMC3926819 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the era of new and mostly effective therapeutic protocols, multiple myeloma still tends to be a hard-to-treat hematologic cancer. This hallmark of the disease is in fact a sequel to drug resistant phenotypes persisting initially or emerging in the course of treatment. Furthermore, the heterogeneous nature of multiple myeloma makes treating patients with the same drug challenging because finding a drugable oncogenic process common to all patients is not yet feasible, while our current knowledge of genetic/epigenetic basis of multiple myeloma pathogenesis is outstanding. Nonetheless, bone marrow microenvironment components are well known as playing critical roles in myeloma tumor cell survival and environment-mediated drug resistance happening most possibly in all myeloma patients. Generally speaking, however; real mechanisms underlying drug resistance in multiple myeloma are not completely understood. The present review will discuss the latest findings and concepts in this regard. It reviews the association of important chromosomal translocations, oncogenes (e.g. TP53) mutations and deranged signaling pathways (e.g. NFκB) with drug response in clinical and experimental investigations. It will also highlight how bone marrow microenvironment signals (Wnt, Notch) and myeloma cancer stem cells could contribute to drug resistance in multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahangir Abdi
- Dept. of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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12
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Samarasinghe B, Wales CTK, Taylor FR, Jacobs AT. Heat shock factor 1 confers resistance to Hsp90 inhibitors through p62/SQSTM1 expression and promotion of autophagic flux. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 87:445-55. [PMID: 24291777 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) has an important role in many cancers. Biochemical inhibitors of Hsp90 are in advanced clinical development for the treatment of solid and hematological malignancies. At the cellular level, their efficacy is diminished by the fact that Hsp90 inhibition causes activation of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1). We report a mechanism by which HSF1 activation diminishes the effect of Hsp90 inhibitors geldanamycin and 17-allylaminogeldanamycin (17-AAG, tanespimycin). Silencing HSF1 with siRNA or inhibiting HSF1 activity with KRIBB11 lowers the threshold for apoptosis in geldanamycin and 17-AAG-treated cancer cells. Autophagy also mitigates the actions of Hsp90 inhibitors. Blocking autophagy with 3-methyladenine (3-MA), bafilomycin A1, or beclin 1 siRNA also lower the threshold for apoptosis. Exploring a potential relationship between HSF1 and autophagy, we monitored autophagosome formation and autophagic flux in control and HSF1-silenced cells. Results show HSF1 is required for autophagy in Hsp90 inhibitor-treated cells. The reduced autophagy observed in HSF1-silenced cells correlates with enhanced cell death. To investigate how HSF1 promotes autophagy, we monitored the expression of genes involved in the autophagic cascade. These data show that sequestosome 1 (p62/SQSTM1), a protein involved in the delivery of autophagic substrates and nucleation of autophagosomes, is an HSF1-regulated gene. Gene silencing was used to evaluate the significance of p62/SQSTM1 in Hsp90 inhibitor resistance. Cells where p62/SQSTM1 was silenced showed a dramatic increase in sensitivity to Hsp90 inhibitors. Results highlight the importance of HSF1 and HSF1-dependent p62/SQSTM1 expression in resistance Hsp90 inhibitors, underscoring the potential of targeting HSF1 to improve the efficacy of Hsp90 inhibitors in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buddhini Samarasinghe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 200 W. Kawili St., Hilo, HI 96720, United States
| | - Christina T K Wales
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 200 W. Kawili St., Hilo, HI 96720, United States
| | - Frederick R Taylor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 200 W. Kawili St., Hilo, HI 96720, United States
| | - Aaron T Jacobs
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 200 W. Kawili St., Hilo, HI 96720, United States; University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, United States.
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13
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Sarasquete ME, Martínez-López J, Chillón MC, Alcoceba M, Corchete LA, Paiva B, Puig N, Sebastián E, Jiménez C, Mateos MV, Oriol A, Rosiñol L, Palomera L, Teruel AI, González Y, Lahuerta JJ, Bladé J, Gutiérrez NC, Fernández-Redondo E, González M, San Miguel JF, García-Sanz R. Evaluating gene expression profiling by quantitative polymerase chain reaction to develop a clinically feasible test for outcome prediction in multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol 2013; 163:223-34. [PMID: 23952215 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The gene expression profiles (GEPs) of 96 selected genes were analysed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) with a TaqMan low-density array card in isolated tumour plasma cells (PCs) from 157 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients. This qPCR-based GEP correctly classified cases following the Translocation-cyclin D classification. Classic prognostic parameters and qPCR-based GEP predicted MM patient outcome and, although multivariate analyses revealed that cytogenetic risk (standard vs. high risk) was the variable that most strongly predicted prognosis, GEP added significant information for risk stratification. Considering only the standard risk cytogenetic patients, multivariate analyses revealed that high β2-microglobulin, low CDKN1A and high SLC19A1 gene expression levels independently predicted a short time-to-progression (TTP), while high International Staging System stage, low CDKN2B and high TBRG4 gene expression predicted poor overall survival (OS). A gene expression risk score enabled the division of standard risk patients into two groups with different TTPs (83% vs. 38% at 3 years, P < 0·0001) and OS rates (88% vs. 61% at 5 years; P = 0·003). This study demonstrates that quantitative PCR is a robust, accurate and feasible technique for implementing in the daily routine as a surrogate for GEP-arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- María E Sarasquete
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca e Instituto Biosanitario de Salamanca (IBSAL), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación del Cáncer de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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14
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Clinical presentation, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita. ISRN DERMATOLOGY 2013; 2013:812029. [PMID: 23956869 PMCID: PMC3727188 DOI: 10.1155/2013/812029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) is a chronic mucocutaneous autoimmune skin blistering disease. The pathogenic relevance of autoantibodies targeting type VII collagen (COL7) has been well-documented. Therefore, EBA is a prototypical autoimmune disease with a well-characterized pathogenic relevance of autoantibody binding to the target antigen. EBA is a rare disease with an incidence of 0.2 new cases per million and per year. The current treatment of EBA relies on general immunosuppressive therapy, which does not lead to remission in all cases. Therefore, there is a high, so far unmet medical need for the development of novel therapeutic options. During the last 10 years, several novel in vitro and in vivo models of EBA have been established. These models demonstrated a critical role of the genetic background, T cells, and cytokines for mediating the loss of tolerance towards COL7. Neutrophils, complement activation, Fc gamma receptor engagement, cytokines, several molecules involved in cell signaling, release of reactive oxygen species, and matrix metalloproteinases are crucial for autoantibody-induced tissue injury in EBA. Based on this growing understanding of the diseases' pathogenesis, several potential novel therapeutic targets have emerged. In this review, the clinical presentation, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and current treatment options for EBA are discussed in detail.
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15
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Murata T, Iwata S, Siddiquey MNA, Kanazawa T, Goshima F, Kawashima D, Kimura H, Tsurumi T. Heat shock protein 90 inhibitors repress latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) expression and proliferation of Epstein-Barr virus-positive natural killer cell lymphoma. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63566. [PMID: 23658841 PMCID: PMC3643901 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) LMP1 is a major oncoprotein expressed in latent infection. It functions as a TNFR family member and constitutively activates cellular signals, such as NFκB, MAPK, JAK/STAT and AKT. We here screened small molecule inhibitors and isolated HSP90 inhibitors, Radicicol and 17-AAG, as candidates that suppress LMP1 expression and cell proliferation not only in EBV-positive SNK6 Natural Killer (NK) cell lymphoma cells, but also in B and T cells. Tumor formation in immuno-defficient NOD/Shi-scid/IL-2Rγnull (NOG) mice was also retarded. These results suggest that HSP90 inhibitors can be alternative treatments for patients with EBV-positive malignancies.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- B-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Benzoquinones/chemistry
- Benzoquinones/pharmacology
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/drug therapy
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/genetics
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/immunology
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins/genetics
- HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins/immunology
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/drug effects
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/genetics
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/immunology
- Humans
- Immunocompromised Host
- Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/pathology
- Lactams, Macrocyclic/chemistry
- Lactams, Macrocyclic/pharmacology
- Lymphoma/drug therapy
- Lymphoma/genetics
- Lymphoma/immunology
- Lymphoma/pathology
- Macrolides/chemistry
- Macrolides/pharmacology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Neoplasms, Experimental
- Signal Transduction
- Small Molecule Libraries/chemistry
- Small Molecule Libraries/pharmacology
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Viral Matrix Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Viral Matrix Proteins/genetics
- Viral Matrix Proteins/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Murata
- Division of Virology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Seiko Iwata
- Department of Virology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | | | - Tetsuhiro Kanazawa
- Department of Virology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Fumi Goshima
- Department of Virology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kawashima
- Division of Virology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kimura
- Department of Virology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- * E-mail: (TT); (HK)
| | - Tatsuya Tsurumi
- Division of Virology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- * E-mail: (TT); (HK)
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16
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Shahinas D, Folefoc A, Pillai DR. Targeting Plasmodium falciparum Hsp90: Towards Reversing Antimalarial Resistance. Pathogens 2013; 2:33-54. [PMID: 25436880 PMCID: PMC4235713 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens2010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria continues to exact a great human toll in tropical settings. Antimalarial resistance is rife and the parasite inexorably develops mechanisms to outwit our best drugs, including the now first-line choice, artesunate. Novel strategies to circumvent resistance are needed. Here we detail drug development focusing on heat shock protein 90 and its central role as a chaperone. A growing body of evidence supports the role for Hsp90 inhibitors as adjunctive drugs able to restore susceptibility to traditionally efficacious compounds like chloroquine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dea Shahinas
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Canada.
| | - Asongna Folefoc
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, The University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Dylan R Pillai
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, The University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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17
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Gentile M, Recchia AG, Mazzone C, Morabito F. Emerging biological insights and novel treatment strategies in multiple myeloma. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2013; 17:407-38. [PMID: 22920042 DOI: 10.1517/14728214.2012.713345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Survival in multiple myeloma (MM) has improved significantly in the past 10 years due to new treatments, such as thalidomide and lenalidomide (immunomodulatory drugs or IMiDs) bortezomib and advances in supportive care. Nevertheless, almost all MM patients show disease relapse and develop drug resistance. AREAS COVERED The authors review the therapeutic approach for untreated MM patients. Furthermore, the prognostic stratification of patients and the proposed risk-adapted strategy are discussed. Finally, preclinical and clinical data regarding newer antimyeloma agents, currently undergoing examination such as proteasome inhibitors (PIs, carfilzomib), IMiDs (pomalidomide), epigenetic agents (histone deacetylase inhibitors vorinostat and panobinostat), humanized monoclonal antibodies (elotuzumab and MOR03087) and targeted therapies (inhibitors of NF-κB, MAPK, HSP90 and AKT) are reported. EXPERT OPINION MM patient outcome has remarkably improved due to the use of three to four drug combination therapies including PIs and IMiDs, which target the tumor in its bone marrow microenvironment, however MM treatment remains challenging. The use of high-throughput techniques has allowed to discover new insights into MM biology. The identification of candidate therapeutic targets and availability of respective investigative agents will allow for a substantial progress in the development and implementation of personalized medicine in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Gentile
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Ematologia, Dipartimento Oncoematologico, Azienda Ospedaliera di Cosenza, Viale della Repubblica, 87100 Cosenza, Italy
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