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Fajardo-Espinoza FS, Cabrera-Nieto SA, Espada-Vargas AL, Pérez-Camargo DA, Mohar A, Cruz-Ramos M. Phase angle as a potential tool to evaluate chronic inflammatory state and predict quality of life deterioration in women with breast cancer and obesity: A narrative review. Nutrition 2024; 127:112524. [PMID: 39151209 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/18/2024]
Abstract
The interaction between lifestyle--defined more specifically in health care as the personal exposome--and its implications on obesity and breast cancer development highlights the critical role of body composition and inflammation in these patients. There is clear evidence that the personal and internal exposome triggers biochemical, inflammatory, and metabolic reprogramming, which might favor ectopic lipid accumulation within the body, such as muscles. Additionally, the presence of excessive adipose tissue exacerbates these alterations in the internal exposome, resulting in cell damage and modifying body composition. Understanding the nexus between these lifestyle-induced exposome modifications, such as inflammation, and the resultant changes in body composition is crucial to assess the association with breast cancer progression and treatment responses. Various techniques can be used to evaluate body composition; one of those most used currently is bioelectrical impedance analysis. This analysis provides parameters, including phase angle (PhA), by which cellular health and metabolic activity can be assessed. In addition, PhA is a potential indicator of nutritional status and disease prognosis, as it has been linked to survival and quality of life in patients with cancer. Therefore, PhA might be used in daily oncology practice to implement an accurate nutritional intervention, reducing side effects and complications of oncology management, and improving quality of life during treatment and survival, even in patients with breast cancer with obesity or overweight. The aim of this review is to analyze the existing information on the current application of PhA in patients with breast cancer and its potential use as a tool to assess inflammatory response, identify malnutrition, and predict the deterioration of quality of life so that it could be proposed as an early indicator for nutritional interventions in this group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Alejandro Mohar
- Unidad de Epidemiología e Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM-Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marlid Cruz-Ramos
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac México, Huixquilucan, Mexico; Investigadora por México del Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías (CONAHCYT), Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Lin LY, Chen J, Lai TF, Chung YY, Park JH, Hu YJ, Liao Y. Sedentary Behavior and Phase Angle: An Objective Assessment in Physically Active and Inactive Older Adults. Nutrients 2023; 16:101. [PMID: 38201931 PMCID: PMC10780613 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the associations of the objectively assessed total sedentary behavior (SB) amount and SB patterns with phase angle (PhA) in older populations and to conduct a comparison analysis for those who are physically active (meet 150 min/week) and inactive (less than 150 min/week). During May to August 2023, a convenience sampling was used to recruit older adults (aged ≥ 65 years) living in a community in Taiwan. The total SB amount (minutes/day), SB patterns (including SB bouts and breaks), and physical activity were assessed by a triaxial accelerometer. A multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analyzer (BIA) was used to measure PhA. Multiple linear regression analysis was employed to examine the associations between SB and PhA in the total number of participants and stratified in the physically active and inactive groups. For the whole sample (n = 166; mean age: 72.1 ± 5.5 years), the total SB amount and patterns of SB were not associated with PhA. For those physically active, the total SB amount and SB patterns were not associated with PhA. Among those physically inactive, the total SB amount was negatively related to PhA (B: -0.059, 95% CI: -0.118, 0.000). This study underscores the importance of minimizing the total SB amount in physically inactive older adults, providing evidence for future interventions targeting SB and PhA in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu-Yin Lin
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan;
- Zhongshan District Health Center, Taipei 10402, Taiwan
- Department of Health, Long-Term Care Division, Taipei City Government, Taipei 11008, Taiwan
| | - Jiaren Chen
- Graduate Institute of Sport, Leisure and Hospitality Management, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106, Taiwan; (J.C.); (T.-F.L.); (Y.-Y.C.)
| | - Ting-Fu Lai
- Graduate Institute of Sport, Leisure and Hospitality Management, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106, Taiwan; (J.C.); (T.-F.L.); (Y.-Y.C.)
- Health Convergence Medicine Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yen-Yu Chung
- Graduate Institute of Sport, Leisure and Hospitality Management, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106, Taiwan; (J.C.); (T.-F.L.); (Y.-Y.C.)
| | - Jong-Hwan Park
- Health Convergence Medicine Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yih-Jin Hu
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan;
| | - Yung Liao
- Graduate Institute of Sport, Leisure and Hospitality Management, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106, Taiwan; (J.C.); (T.-F.L.); (Y.-Y.C.)
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Conde Frio C, Härter J, Santos LP, Orlandi SP, Gonzalez MC. Phase angle, physical quality of life and functionality in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 57:331-336. [PMID: 37739676 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nutritional deficiency, especially malnutrition, is frequent in cancer patients and is associated with changes in body composition, such as low muscle mass. Phase angle (PhA) has been used as a prognostic indicator and may be related to nutritional status, functionality, and quality of life in these patients. The objectives of this study were to assess the effect of chemotherapy treatment on PhA values, comparing the PhA variation before and after treatment, and to evaluate the PhA correlation, as a muscle mass surrogate, with the physical domain of quality of life, functionality, and nutritional risk in a sample of patients with cancer. METHODS A longitudinal study was conducted in patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy for the first time. All patients aged 18 years or older, newly diagnosed, and undergoing chemotherapy for the first time were included. To analyze the difference in the PhA means according to the different classification variables, the t-test - or ANOVA - was used. The variation of the final and initial PhA was evaluated through the linear regression test. RESULTS A total of 175 patients were analyzed, of which 66.3% were female. The mean PhA of the initial assessment was significantly higher when compared to the final assessment of the patients PhA (p = 0.018). In both the initial and final assessments, PhA was correlated with the physical domain (r = 0.29; p < 0.001 and r = 0.19; p = 0.021) and with the functionality score (r = - 0.32; p < 0.001 and r = - 0.30; p < 0.001) and total PG-SGA (r = - 0.31; p < 0.001 and r = - 0.23; p = 0.006). CONCLUSION PhA can be considered a predictor of physical quality of life and functionality in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Conde Frio
- Post-Graduate Program in Nutrition and Food, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Jéssica Härter
- Medical Sciences of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Maria Cristina Gonzalez
- Post-Graduate Program in Nutrition and Food, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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Martins PC, Alves Junior CAS, Silva AM, Silva DAS. Phase angle and body composition: A scoping review. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 56:237-250. [PMID: 37344079 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to map evidence on the association between phase angle (PhA) and body composition in populations healthy and clinical populations). A systematic search for information regarding the topic was conducted in nine electronic databases (CINAHL, LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, Science Direct, MEDLINE and Web of Science) between October and November 2021. Studies with different designs, which allowed extracting information about the relationship between PhA and body composition (body cell mass [BCM], muscle tissue, bone mineral content, lean mass, total fat mass, visceral fat, and lean soft tissue mass [LSTM]) were included. Of the total of 11,913 initially identified studies, 59 were included after reading titles, abstracts, full texts and references. Most studies (40.67%; n = 24) presented data from Brazilian samples. With regard to the design of studies, 15 (25.42%) had longitudinal design. The age group of studies was wide, with studies involved 3-year-old children and 88-year-old adults. Body fat mass was evaluated by 31 studies (52.54%) in which 11 observed inverse relationships, nine studies showed direct relationships and 11 observed no relationship. Regarding lean mass, muscle mass, and fat-free mass components, most studies observed direct relationship with PhA (n = 37; 86.04%). It could be concluded that the phase angle was directly associated with lean mass and muscle mass in different age groups (children, adolescents, adults and older adults) and in people with different health diagnoses (HIV, cancer, hemodialysis, sarcopenia and without the diagnosis of diseases). Regarding body fat and the other investigated components, there is not enough evidence to establish the direction of associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Custódio Martins
- Research Center in Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040900, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Alencar Souza Alves Junior
- Research Center in Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040900, Brazil.
| | - Analiza Mónica Silva
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade Motricidade Humana, Universidade Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal.
| | - Diego Augusto Santos Silva
- Research Center in Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040900, Brazil.
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Smith LO, Olieman JF, Berk KA, Ligthart-Melis GC, Earthman CP. Clinical applications of body composition and functional status tools for nutrition assessment of hospitalized adults: A systematic review. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2023; 47:11-29. [PMID: 36036239 DOI: 10.1002/jpen.2444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No global consensus exists on diagnostic criteria for malnutrition. Muscular deficits and functional impairments are major components of available malnutrition diagnostic frameworks because these facets of nutrition status significantly impact outcomes. The purpose of this review is to explore which body composition assessment (BCA) and functional status assessment (FSA) tools are being used for nutrition assessment (NA) and monitoring the response to nutrition interventions (RNIs) in adult inpatients. METHODS A literature search of Embase, Medline (Ovid), Web of Science, and Cochrane Central was performed to identify studies that used BCA and/or FSA tools for NA (along with an accepted NA diagnostic framework) and/or for monitoring RNI in adult inpatients. RESULTS The search yielded 3667 articles; 94 were included in the review. The number of studies using BCA and/or FSA tools for NA was 47 and also 47 for monitoring RNI. Seventy-nine percent of studies used bioimpedance for BCA, and 97% that included FSA utilized handgrip strength. When compared against sets of diagnostic criteria, many of the BCA and FSA tools showed promising associations with nutrition status. CONCLUSION Bioimpedance methods are the most widely used bedside BCA tools, and handgrip strength is the most widely used FSA tool; however, these methods are being used with a variety of protocols, algorithms, and interpretation practices in heterogeneous populations. To create a standardized nutrition status assessment process there is a need for validation studies on bedside methods and the development of globally standardized assessment protocols in clinical inpatient settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke O Smith
- Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Joanne F Olieman
- Division of Dietetics, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kirsten A Berk
- Division of Dietetics, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gerdien C Ligthart-Melis
- Division of Dietetics, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carrie P Earthman
- Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
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Amano K, Bruera E, Hui D. Diagnostic and prognostic utility of phase angle in patients with cancer. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022; 24:479-489. [PMID: 36484944 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-022-09776-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Patients with cancer experience dynamic and longitudinal changes in nutritional status and body composition along the disease trajectory. They often want to know about their outlook with regard to treatment outcomes and overall survival. One of the commonly used measures for body composition is bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). BIA is an easy-to-use, quick, inexpensive, noninvasive, and reproducible technique that is often incorporated in daily clinical practice. Phase angle (PA), which is derived from BIA, is an indicator of cell membrane health and integrity. Higher PA values reflect better cell function, higher muscle mass, and lower fat mass. PA is also thought to be a proxy of water distribution (ratio between extracellular water [ECW] and intracellular water [ICW]) and body cell mass. In this narrative review, we discuss studies examining the diagnostic and prognostic value of PA regarding nutritional status, body composition and physical function, complications of cancer treatments, overall survival, symptoms, and quality of life (QOL) in patients with cancer. The literature suggests that PA is moderately to strongly correlated with body composition and physical function but only weakly correlated with nutritional status, complications, survival, symptoms, and QOL. Furthermore, the PA cutoff values vary significantly according to study and patient population with the diversity of bioelectrical impedance technology and electrode composition and placement. Thus, PA has yet to be routinely incorporated into clinical practice for patients with cancer. Future research is needed to determine how to translate scientific understanding of PA to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Amano
- Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, 104-0045, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Palliative and Supportive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, 480-1195, Nagakute city, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Eduardo Bruera
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation & Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, 1414, 77030, Unit, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David Hui
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation & Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, 1414, 77030, Unit, Houston, TX, USA
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da Silva BR, Orsso CE, Gonzalez MC, Sicchieri JMF, Mialich MS, Jordao AA, Prado CM. Phase angle and cellular health: inflammation and oxidative damage. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022; 24:543-562. [PMID: 36474107 PMCID: PMC9735064 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-022-09775-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Phase angle is a composite measure that combines two raw bioelectrical impedance analysis measures: resistance and reactance. Phase angle has been considered an indicator of cellular health, integrity, and hydration. As inflammation and oxidative stress can damage cellular structures, phase angle has potential utility in early detecting inflammatory and oxidative status. Herein, we aimed to critically review the current understanding on the determinants of phase angle and its relationship with markers of inflammation and oxidative stress. We also discussed the potential role of phase angle in detecting chronic inflammation and related adverse outcomes. Several factors have been identified as predictors of phase angle, including age, sex, extracellular to intracellular water ratio, and fat-free mass. In addition to these factors, body mass index (BMI) also seems to influence phase angle. Available data also show that lower phase angle values are correlated (negligible to high correlation coefficients) with higher c-reactive protein, tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10 in studies involving the general and aging populations, as well as patients with chronic conditions. Although fewer studies have evaluated the relationship between phase angle and markers of oxidative stress, available data also suggest that phase angle has potential to be used as an indicator (for screening) of oxidative damage. Future studies including diverse populations and bioelectrical impedance devices are required to confirm the validity and accuracy of phase angle as a marker of inflammation and oxidative stress for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Ramos da Silva
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Camila E Orsso
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Maria Cristina Gonzalez
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana Maria Faccioli Sicchieri
- Department of Health Sciences, Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mirele Savegnago Mialich
- Department of Health Sciences, Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alceu A Jordao
- Department of Health Sciences, Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla M Prado
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
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Yamanaka A, Yasui-Yamada S, Furumoto T, Kubo M, Hayashi H, Kitao M, Wada K, Ohmae N, Kamimura S, Shimada A, Sato N, Katoh S, Takeda N, Hamada Y. Association of phase angle with muscle function and prognosis in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing chemoradiotherapy. Nutrition 2022; 103-104:111798. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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da Silva BR, Rufato S, Mialich MS, Cruz LP, Gozzo T, Jordao AA. An Evaluation of Metabolic, Dietetic, and Nutritional Status Reveals Impaired Nutritional Outcomes in Breast Cancer Patients. Nutr Cancer 2022; 74:3611-3622. [PMID: 35762504 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2093388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Nutritional status can change in breast cancer patients after treatment. However, the metabolic implications of those alterations are poorly understood. We used a cross-sectional study design to compare body composition, lipids, glucose levels, and adiposity indices in breast cancer patients with a matched control and a healthy group. We recruited women who completed their chemotherapy (BC group) and compared them with a group of women without cancer age and body mass index-paired (MC group) and a group of healthy women (HC group). We estimated body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis, physical function by handgrip strength, and food consumption by 24-hour food record. A blood sample was collected. We calculated visceral obesity indices (VAI and LAP) and insulin resistance-triglyceride glucose (TyG). Eighty-eight women were included (BC = 36, MC = 36, HC = 16). BC patients demonstrated worse phase angle values, nutritional risk index and lower handgrip strength. Additionally, according to the indices, BC had impairments in lipids, worse glucose levels, and elevated visceral fat adiposity and presented important unhealthy dietary patterns characterized by under-recommended protein consumption and higher caloric intake than the other groups. No differences were observed between both control groups. Further investigations are required to examine the underlying mechanisms and the potential longitudinal changes during surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Ramos da Silva
- Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sarah Rufato
- Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mirele S Mialich
- Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Loris P Cruz
- Nursing School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais Gozzo
- Nursing School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alceu A Jordao
- Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Morlino D, Marra M, Cioffi I, Santarpia L, De Placido P, Giuliano M, De Angelis C, Carrano S, Verrazzo A, Buono G, Naccarato M, Di Vincenzo O, Speranza E, De Placido S, Arpino G, Pasanisi F. Prevalence of Sarcopenia in Women with Breast Cancer. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091839. [PMID: 35565806 PMCID: PMC9099516 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a common finding in patients with cancer and potentially influences the patient’s outcome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of sarcopenia, according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People, in a sample of women with breast cancer (BC) and a BMI lower than 30 kg/m2. This cross-sectional study was conducted in patients with BC, stage 0-III, and receiving therapy for BC; the women were recruited at the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy. A control group with similar age and BMI was selected from the internal database. Anthropometry, bioimpedance analysis (BIA) and hand grip strength (HGS) were measured to detect sarcopenia. A total of 122 patients (mean age 49.3 ± 11.0 years, BMI 24.6 ± 3.0 kg/m2) and 80 healthy controls were analyzed. Sarcopenia was found in 13.9% patients with BC, while none of the subjects in the control group was sarcopenic. By comparing BC patients with and without sarcopenia and the control group, the fat-free mass of sarcopenic BC patients were significantly lower than those of both non-sarcopenic BC patients and the control (p < 0.05). The phase angle was also significantly lower in sarcopenic patients (−0.5 degrees, p = 0.048) than in the control group. Considering the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with BC, our findings suggest the usefulness of body composition and HGS evaluation for early screening of sarcopenia to reduce the risk of associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Morlino
- Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (I.C.); (L.S.); (M.N.); (O.D.V.); (E.S.); (F.P.)
| | - Maurizio Marra
- Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (I.C.); (L.S.); (M.N.); (O.D.V.); (E.S.); (F.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-746-2333; Fax: +39-081-746-2376
| | - Iolanda Cioffi
- Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (I.C.); (L.S.); (M.N.); (O.D.V.); (E.S.); (F.P.)
| | - Lidia Santarpia
- Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (I.C.); (L.S.); (M.N.); (O.D.V.); (E.S.); (F.P.)
| | - Pietro De Placido
- Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (P.D.P.); (M.G.); (C.D.A.); (S.C.); (A.V.); (G.B.); (S.D.P.); (G.A.)
| | - Mario Giuliano
- Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (P.D.P.); (M.G.); (C.D.A.); (S.C.); (A.V.); (G.B.); (S.D.P.); (G.A.)
| | - Carmine De Angelis
- Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (P.D.P.); (M.G.); (C.D.A.); (S.C.); (A.V.); (G.B.); (S.D.P.); (G.A.)
| | - Simone Carrano
- Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (P.D.P.); (M.G.); (C.D.A.); (S.C.); (A.V.); (G.B.); (S.D.P.); (G.A.)
| | - Annarita Verrazzo
- Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (P.D.P.); (M.G.); (C.D.A.); (S.C.); (A.V.); (G.B.); (S.D.P.); (G.A.)
| | - Giuseppe Buono
- Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (P.D.P.); (M.G.); (C.D.A.); (S.C.); (A.V.); (G.B.); (S.D.P.); (G.A.)
| | - Marianna Naccarato
- Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (I.C.); (L.S.); (M.N.); (O.D.V.); (E.S.); (F.P.)
| | - Olivia Di Vincenzo
- Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (I.C.); (L.S.); (M.N.); (O.D.V.); (E.S.); (F.P.)
| | - Enza Speranza
- Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (I.C.); (L.S.); (M.N.); (O.D.V.); (E.S.); (F.P.)
| | - Sabino De Placido
- Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (P.D.P.); (M.G.); (C.D.A.); (S.C.); (A.V.); (G.B.); (S.D.P.); (G.A.)
| | - Grazia Arpino
- Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (P.D.P.); (M.G.); (C.D.A.); (S.C.); (A.V.); (G.B.); (S.D.P.); (G.A.)
| | - Fabrizio Pasanisi
- Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (I.C.); (L.S.); (M.N.); (O.D.V.); (E.S.); (F.P.)
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Morlino D, Cioffi I, Marra M, Di Vincenzo O, Scalfi L, Pasanisi F. Bioelectrical Phase Angle in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14082002. [PMID: 35454908 PMCID: PMC9025027 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14082002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Breast cancer (BC) patients suffer from loss of muscle tissue and fluid alterations during the whole trajectory of the disease. Such alterations might be reflected by phase angle (PhA) measures, but its use in the oncologic setting is still limited. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to assess PhA in BC patients, since it has been proven to be a reliable index for predicting nutritional status and survival. Findings reveal that PhA decreases after chemotherapy in BC patients, with high results in women with a better nutritional status, and these changes may persist even after five years. However, PhA remains stable, or can increase in some cases, when patients are supported by targeted lifestyle interventions. Thus, PhA can be useful to identify and monitor changes in body compartments and the nutritional status of BC patients over time. Abstract Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer diagnosed among women worldwide. Phase angle (PhA), a proxy measure of membrane integrity and function, has gained relevance in clinical practice and it has been suggested to be a prognostic and nutritional indicator. This systematic review aimed to explore PhA and its relationship with nutritional status and survival in BC patients. Four databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and CINAHL) were systematically searched until September 2021 for studies evaluating PhA in BC patients. A total of 16 studies met the inclusion criteria, where 11 were observational studies and 5 were interventional studies. Baseline PhA-value varied from 4.9 to 6.30 degrees, showing a great variability and heterogeneity across the selected studies. Available data suggested that PhA decreased by 5–15% after completing chemotherapy, and those effects might persist in the long term. However, the use of tailored nutritional and/or exercise programs during and after therapy could prevent PhA reduction and body derangement. High PhA values were found in women displaying a better nutritional status, while inconsistent data were found on survival. Therefore, further studies are needed to focus on the clinical relevance of PhA in BC patients, evaluating its association with disease outcomes and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Morlino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Hospital, Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (M.M.); (F.P.)
| | - Iolanda Cioffi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Hospital, Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (M.M.); (F.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0817462333
| | - Maurizio Marra
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Hospital, Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (M.M.); (F.P.)
| | - Olivia Di Vincenzo
- Department of Public Health, Federico II University Hospital, Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (O.D.V.); (L.S.)
| | - Luca Scalfi
- Department of Public Health, Federico II University Hospital, Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (O.D.V.); (L.S.)
| | - Fabrizio Pasanisi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Hospital, Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (M.M.); (F.P.)
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Mallard J, Hucteau E, Hureau TJ, Pagano AF. Skeletal Muscle Deconditioning in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy: Current Knowledge and Insights From Other Cancers. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:719643. [PMID: 34595171 PMCID: PMC8476809 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.719643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer represents the most commonly diagnosed cancer while neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapies are extensively used in order to reduce tumor development and improve disease-free survival. However, chemotherapy also leads to severe off-target side-effects resulting, together with the tumor itself, in major skeletal muscle deconditioning. This review first focuses on recent advances in both macroscopic changes and cellular mechanisms implicated in skeletal muscle deconditioning of breast cancer patients, particularly as a consequence of the chemotherapy treatment. To date, only six clinical studies used muscle biopsies in breast cancer patients and highlighted several important aspects of muscle deconditioning such as a decrease in muscle fibers cross-sectional area, a dysregulation of protein turnover balance and mitochondrial alterations. However, in comparison with the knowledge accumulated through decades of intensive research with many different animal and human models of muscle atrophy, more studies are necessary to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the cellular processes implicated in breast cancer-mediated muscle deconditioning. This understanding is indeed essential to ultimately lead to the implementation of efficient preventive strategies such as exercise, nutrition or pharmacological treatments. We therefore also discuss potential mechanisms implicated in muscle deconditioning by drawing a parallel with other cancer cachexia models of muscle wasting, both at the pre-clinical and clinical levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris Mallard
- Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Strasbourg, France.,Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, UR 3072, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Centre Européen d'Enseignement de Recherche et d'Innovation en Physiologie de l'Exercice (CEERIPE), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Elyse Hucteau
- Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Strasbourg, France.,Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, UR 3072, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Centre Européen d'Enseignement de Recherche et d'Innovation en Physiologie de l'Exercice (CEERIPE), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas J Hureau
- Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, UR 3072, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Centre Européen d'Enseignement de Recherche et d'Innovation en Physiologie de l'Exercice (CEERIPE), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Allan F Pagano
- Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, UR 3072, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Centre Européen d'Enseignement de Recherche et d'Innovation en Physiologie de l'Exercice (CEERIPE), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Exploring the potential role of phase angle as a marker of oxidative stress: A narrative review. Nutrition 2021; 93:111493. [PMID: 34655952 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chronic conditions including non-communicable diseases have become increasingly prevalent in the past decade. Proinflammatory cytokines are associated with the development of several pathologies, their prognoses, and their associated mortality. Chronic inflammation is also associated with oxidative stress whereby reactive oxygen species (ROS) induce cellular injury and, thus, by doing so, initiate inflammatory signaling. Phase angle (PhA) is a measurable body composition parameter obtained using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). PhA is considered an indicator of cellular health and integrity and is also related to inflammatory markers and inflammation. Given the association among oxidative stress, cell damage, and inflammation that may in turn be associated with low PhA values, it is expected that PhA could mirror oxidative stress. In this hypothesis-generating, narrative review we summarize the current knowledge regarding the potential relationship between PhA and oxidative stress and their interrelationship in chronic conditions.
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Ramos da Silva B, Rufato S, Mialich MS, Cruz LP, Gozzo T, Jordao AA. Metabolic syndrome and unfavorable outcomes on body composition and in visceral adiposities indexes among early breast cancer women post-chemotherapy. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 44:306-315. [PMID: 34330483 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study objected to investigate potential changes in metabolic, dietary, and nutritional status in women with stages I-III breast cancer exposed to chemotherapy. METHODS Women who were starting chemotherapy with no previous treatment were recruited. Anthropometrics, bioelectrical impedance analysis, handgrip strength, blood pressure and blood sample were collected. Visceral adiposity index and lipid accumulation product were calculated. Dietary intake was evaluated, and the multiple source methods program was applied. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was assessed following the NCEP-ATP III criteria (defined as 3 of 5 components of MetS). All data were collected at 2-time points: diagnosis (T0) and after 1 month of completion of therapy (T1). Mean, standard deviation, percentage, and ANOVA in SAS Studio® were used to explore the results. RESULTS 61 women were included. We did not find any changes in anthropometrics and body composition. However, phase angle, extracellular water (EX) and ratio EX to total body water had expressive changes (p < 0.001). The results showed changes in lipid profile (p < 0.001), and greater unfavorable outcomes on adiposities index (p < 0.001). At the end of the study, 68,8% (N = 42) of the women developed MetS post-chemotherapy. CONCLUSION We have found supporting evidence for chemotherapy treatment resulting in worsening of nutritional markers, lipid profile and adiposity markers. After chemotherapy part of the sample developed MetS, even without changes in body weight, fat mass, and food intake. Breast cancer patients may benefit from targeted interventions before starting chemotherapy to prevent MetS post-treatment, and therefore reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Further investigation into this theme is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Ramos da Silva
- Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School. University of Sao Paulo, 3900, Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Sarah Rufato
- Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School. University of Sao Paulo, 3900, Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mirele S Mialich
- Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School. University of Sao Paulo, 3900, Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Loris P Cruz
- Nursing School of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, 3900, Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais Gozzo
- Nursing School of Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo, 3900, Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alceu A Jordao
- Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School. University of Sao Paulo, 3900, Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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