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Bioactive peptides derived from fermented foods: Preparation and biological activities. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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2
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Ishikawa F, Matsubara T, Koyama T, Iwamoto H, Miyaji K. Whey protein hydrolysate mitigates both inflammation and endotoxin tolerance in THP-1 human monocytic leukemia cells. Immun Inflamm Dis 2022; 10:e737. [PMID: 36444621 PMCID: PMC9639455 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is important to control both inflammation and immunosuppression after severe insults, such as sepsis, trauma, and surgery. Endotoxin tolerance is one of the immunosuppressive conditions and it has been known that endotoxin tolerance relates to poorer clinical outcomes in patients with severe insults. This study investigated whether whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) mitigates inflammation and endotoxin tolerance in THP-1 human monocytic leukemia cells. METHODS Endotoxin tolerance can be experimentally reproduced by two consecutive stimulations with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). THP-1 cells were incubated with LPS and WPH (first stimulation). After collecting the culture supernatant to evaluate the effect on inflammation, the cells were washed and restimulated by 100 ng/ml LPS (second stimulation). The culture supernatant was again collected to evaluate the effect on endotoxin tolerance. Concentrations of LPS and WPH in the first stimulation were adjusted to evaluate their dose dependency. Cytokine levels in the supernatant were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis was performed using the student's t-test or Dunnett's test. RESULTS Five mg/ml WPH significantly decreased interleukin (IL)-6 (p = .006) and IL-10 (p < .001) levels after the first LPS stimulation (1000 ng/ml). WPH significantly increased tumor necrosis factor-alpha (p < .001) and IL-10 (p = .014) levels after the second LPS stimulation. The suppressive effect of WPH on inflammation and endotoxin tolerance was dependent on the concentrations of LPS and WPH. The effective dose of WPH for endotoxin tolerance was lower than its effective dose for inflammation. CONCLUSION WPH mitigated both inflammation and endotoxin tolerance. Therefore, WPH might be a candidate for valuable food ingredients to control both inflammation and immunosuppression after severe insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuka Ishikawa
- Health Care & Nutrition Science InstituteR&D Division, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd.KanagawaZamaJapan
| | - Takeshi Matsubara
- Health Care & Nutrition Science InstituteR&D Division, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd.KanagawaZamaJapan
| | - Takahiro Koyama
- Health Care & Nutrition Science InstituteR&D Division, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd.KanagawaZamaJapan
| | - Hiroshi Iwamoto
- Health Care & Nutrition Science InstituteR&D Division, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd.KanagawaZamaJapan
| | - Kazuhiro Miyaji
- Health Care & Nutrition Science InstituteR&D Division, Morinaga Milk Industry Co. Ltd.KanagawaZamaJapan
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3
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Peptides, Exopolysaccharides, and Short-Chain Fatty Acids from Fermented Milk and Perspectives on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:4654-4665. [PMID: 35133532 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-022-07382-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are characterized by chronic inflammatory processes and an imbalanced immune response along the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Pharmacological treatments have been widely used, although their long-term application has adverse side effects. On the other hand, milks fermented with specific lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been shown to be useful as alternative or complementary aids. Many metabolites such as peptides, exopolysaccharides, and short-chain fatty acids are produced during milk fermentation. These components have been shown to change the pH of the gastrointestinal lumen, aid intestine mucosal recovery, modulate the microbiota, and reduce the inflammatory response (innate and adaptive immune system), both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, the objective of the present review is to describe how these bioactive compounds from fermented milk by specific LAB can decrease the deleterious symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Whey protein protects liver mitochondrial function against oxidative stress in rats exposed to acrolein. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2022; 73:200-206. [PMID: 36226819 PMCID: PMC9837534 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acrolein (AC) is one of the most toxic environmental pollutants, often associated with incomplete combustion of petrol, wood, and plastic, oil frying, and tobacco smoking, that causes oxidative damage to DNA and mitochondria. Considering that little is known about the protective effects of whey protein (WP) against AC-induced liver toxicity, the aim of our study was to learn more about them in respect to liver mitochondrial oxidative stress, respiratory enzymes, Krebs cycle enzymes, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). To do that, we treated Sprague Dawley rats with daily doses of AC alone (5 mg/kg bw in 0.9 % NaCl solution), WP alone (200 mg/kg bw, in 0.9 % NaCl solution), or their combination by oral gavage for six days a week over 30 days. As expected, the AC group showed a drop in glutathione levels and antioxidant, transport chain, and tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme activities and a significant rise in mitochondrial lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl levels. Co-treatment with WP mitigated oxidative stress and improved enzyme activities. Judging by the measured parameters, WP reduced AC toxicity by improving bioenergetic mechanisms and eliminating oxidative stress.
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Zhang M, Xia F, Xia S, Zhou W, Zhang Y, Han X, Zhao K, Feng L, Dong R, Tian D, Yu Y, Liao J. NSAID-Associated Small Intestinal Injury: An Overview From Animal Model Development to Pathogenesis, Treatment, and Prevention. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:818877. [PMID: 35222032 PMCID: PMC8864225 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.818877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the wide application of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), their gastrointestinal side effects are an urgent health burden. There are currently sound preventive measures for upper gastrointestinal injury, however, there is a lack of effective defense against lower gastrointestinal damage. According to a large number of previous animal experiments, a variety of NSAIDs have been demonstrated to induce small intestinal mucosal injury in vivo. This article reviews the descriptive data on the administration dose, administration method, mucosal injury site, and morphological characteristics of inflammatory sites of various NSAIDs. The cells, cytokines, receptors and ligands, pathways, enzyme inhibition, bacteria, enterohepatic circulation, oxidative stress, and other potential pathogenic factors involved in NSAID-associated enteropathy are also reviewed. We point out the limitations of drug modeling at this stage and are also pleased to discover the application prospects of chemically modified NSAIDs, dietary therapy, and many natural products against intestinal mucosal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Xia
- Department of Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Suhong Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wangdong Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lina Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruonan Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dean Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiazhi Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Mostajeran Z, Mosavat SH, Najafi M, Emtiazy M, Hashempur MH. Whey Protein (Ma'aljobon) as a Complementary Therapy for Treatment of Attention-deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Randomized Open-label Controlled Clinical Trial. Galen Med J 2021; 9:e1690. [PMID: 34466569 PMCID: PMC8343698 DOI: 10.31661/gmj.v9i0.1690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common, chronic, neurodevelopmental disorder that manifests in childhood with symptoms of hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity. Ma’aljobon (a kind of whey protein) that is derived from milk during cheese producing process is a popular dietary traditional product supposed to provide immune modulation and prevent neuropsychiatric disorder. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ma’aljobon in management of Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Materials and Methods:
In this open-label randomized, double arm, and controlled clinical trial, sixty four patients with ADHD who referred to out-patient child and adolescent clinic of Khorshid Hospital of Isfahan, Iran, were randomly assigned in the intervention group (ma’aljobon 25 g once daily plus standard conventional treatment (SCT)) or control group (SCT only) for a period of 8 weeks. Scores of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and Conners’ Continuous Performance Test (CPT) were set as the outcome measures.
Results: Parent reported hyperactivity scale of SDQ showed a significant decrease in the intervention group compared to the control group (P=0.04). However, no significant between groups differences were observed in other scales of parent-reported SDQ. Also, according to the results of CPT, there was a significant improvement in the intervention group regarding attention and focus score (P=0.01). Conclusion: Ma’aljobon might be considered as a complementary remedy for improving hyperactivity, attention and focus of children with ADHD. However, further researches with larger sample size and longer duration should be done for achieving more reliable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Mostajeran
- Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Ardakan, Yazd, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamdollah Mosavat
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavior Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mostafa Najafi
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Al-Zahra Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
| | - Majid Emtiazy
- The Research Center of Persian Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Correspondence to: Majid Emtiazy, Faculty of Traditional Medicine, Imam Khomeini Street, Ardakan, Yazd, Iran Telephone Number: +9835-37238915 Email Address:
| | - Mohammad Hashem Hashempur
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
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Gong H, Gao J, Wang Y, Luo Q, Guo K, Ren F, Mao X. Identification of novel peptides from goat milk casein that ameliorate high-glucose-induced insulin resistance in HepG2 cells. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:4907-4918. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Nakamura K, Tonouchi H, Sasayama A, Yamaji T, Ashida K. Nutritional treatment with an immune-modulating enteral formula alleviates 5-fluorouracil-induced adverse effects in rats. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225389. [PMID: 31770400 PMCID: PMC6879153 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapy is frequently accompanied by adverse effects, such as diarrhoea and leukopenia, which lead to malnutrition and a decrease in the patients’ quality of life. We previously demonstrated that an immune-modulating formula (IMF)—an enteral formula enriched with immunonutrients, whey-hydrolysed peptides, and fermented milk—had anti-inflammatory effects and protective effects on intestinal disorders in some experimental models. Here, we investigated whether nutritional treatment with the IMF could prevent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced adverse effects in rats. Rats were randomised into CTR and IMF groups, which received a control formula or the IMD supplemented formula ad libitum. Two weeks after starting the formula, rats were intraperitoneally injected with 5-FU (300 mg/kg) on day 0. The treatment with 5-FU decreased their body weights, food intake, and leukocyte counts, and worsened the diarrhoea score. However, the body weights, food intake, and leukocyte counts were significantly higher in the IMF rats than in the CTR rats on day 1. The IMF also delayed the incidence of diarrhoea and significantly preserved the villus heights in the jejunum on day 2. In conclusion, nutritional treatment with the IMF alleviated the adverse effects induced by 5-FU injection in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Nakamura
- Nutrition Research Department, Food Microbiology & Function Research Laboratories, R&D Division, Meiji Co., Ltd., Hachiouji, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Hidekazu Tonouchi
- Nutrition Research Department, Food Microbiology & Function Research Laboratories, R&D Division, Meiji Co., Ltd., Hachiouji, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akina Sasayama
- Nutrition Research Department, Food Microbiology & Function Research Laboratories, R&D Division, Meiji Co., Ltd., Hachiouji, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taketo Yamaji
- Nutrition Research Department, Food Microbiology & Function Research Laboratories, R&D Division, Meiji Co., Ltd., Hachiouji, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kinya Ashida
- Nutrition Research Department, Food Microbiology & Function Research Laboratories, R&D Division, Meiji Co., Ltd., Hachiouji, Tokyo, Japan
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Milk Fermented with Lactobacillus fermentum Ameliorates Indomethacin-Induced Intestinal Inflammation: An Exploratory Study. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071610. [PMID: 31315186 PMCID: PMC6683036 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of milk fermented with Lactobacillus fermentum J20 (FMJ20) or J28 (FMJ28) on ameliorating indomethacin-induced inflammation. Twenty-eight male C57Bl/6 mice were divided into four experimental groups: indomethacin, indomethacin + FMJ20, indomethacin + FMJ28, and untreated (control). Groups were fed fermented milk for 15 days, followed by administration of indomethacin supplied in three sub-doses over experimental period. Body weight, and food consumption were recorded. Additionally, spleen, kidney, and liver were weighed, and the small intestine length was measured. The cytokines in serum (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IL-23 and TNFα) and in intestinal mucosa (IL-17 and IFNγ) were also determined. Compared to the control, all indomethacin-supplemented groups lost weight (~2.7 g; p < 0.05), but no changes were found in the organ-specific morphometry analysis. FMJ28 showed better results in attenuating serum and intestinal IL-17 levels. Furthermore, showed less epithelial cell loss and inflammatory infiltrates than the other indomethacin-treated groups. These results suggest that FMJ28 may be effective in reducing intestinal and systemic acute inflammation, specifically in mice.
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Wang Q, Ren Y, Ding Y, Xu M, Chen B. The influence of pH and enzyme cross-linking on protein delivery properties of WPI-beet pectin complexes. Food Res Int 2017; 105:678-685. [PMID: 29433262 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.11.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The incorporation of bioactive proteins and peptides into food is associated with the loss of bioactivity due to deactivation in complex food matrices and in digestion systems. In this study, two different types of protein carriers, i.e. biopolymer complexation and complex coacervation were fabricated using whey protein isolation (WPI, 6wt%) and beet pectin (BP, 1.25 and 1.00wt%) at pH5.5 and 3.5, respectively. The release of the encapsulated FITC-BSA, a model bioactive protein, in both carriers in the absence and presence of laccase was investigated at both pH7.0 and 4.0. Release of FITC-BSA from both lyophilized WPI-beet pectin biopolymer complexation and complex coacervation were biphasic with an initial burst release followed by a slower release phase. The addition of laccase in biopolymer complexation increased the loading efficiency from 44.95% to 52.15% and slowed down the burst release of FITC-BSA but did change the biphasic release pattern. Laccase-cross linked WPI (6wt%)-BP (1wt%) complex coacervation had highest FITC-BSA loading efficiency (96.90%). The release of the embedded FITC-BSA in this carrier at both pH4 and 7 was in a gradual manner and the profile can be fit to zero order kinetics over the 72h study period suggesting enzymatically reinforced complex coacervation between the protein and the negatively charged beet pectin can restrain the burst release of FITC-BSA. These results indicate that laccase cross-linked WPI-beet pectin complex coacervation can be a good carrier system for delivering hydrophilic bioactive proteins or peptides successfully with enhanced loading parameters and sustained release profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Yanrong Ren
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Yangping Ding
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Minwei Xu
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Bingcan Chen
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA.
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Moriya T, Fukatsu K, Noguchi M, Nishikawa M, Miyazaki H, Saitoh D, Ueno H, Yamamoto J. Effects of semielemental diet containing whey peptides on Peyer's patch lymphocyte number, immunoglobulin A levels, and intestinal morphology in mice. J Surg Res 2017; 222:153-159. [PMID: 29273366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enteral nutrition (EN) is the gold standard of nutritional therapy for critically ill or severely injured patients, because EN promotes gut and hepatic immunity, thereby preventing infectious complications as compared with parenteral nutrition. However, there are many EN formulas with different protein and fat contents. Their effects on gut-associated lymphoid tissue remain unclear. Recently, semielemental diets (SEDs) containing whey peptides as a nitrogen source have been found to be beneficial in patients with malabsorption or pancreatitis. Herein, we examined the influences of various dietary formulations on gut immunity to clarify the advantages of SEDs over elemental diets. METHODS Forty-four male Institute of Cancer Research mice were randomized to four groups: chow (CH: n = 5), intragastric total parenteral nutrition (IG-TPN: n = 13), elemental diet (ED: n = 13), and SED (n = 13). The CH group received CH diet ad libitum, whereas the IG-TPN, ED (Elental, Ajinomoto, Japan), and SED (Peptino, Terumo, Japan) groups were given their respective diets for 5 day via gastrostomy. After 5 days, the mice were killed to obtain whole small intestines. Peyer's patch (PP) lymphocytes were harvested and counted. Their subpopulations were evaluated by flow cytometry. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels in intestinal and respiratory tract washings were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Villous height (VH) and crypt depth in the distal intestine were measured by light microscopy. RESULTS SED increased the PP cell number and intestinal or respiratory IgA levels to those of CH mice, while ED partially restored these parameters. The IG-TPN group showed the lowest PP cell number and IgA levels among the four groups. VH was significantly greater in the CH than in the other groups. VH in the ED and SED groups also exceeded in the IG-TPN group, while being similar in these two groups. No significant crypt depth differences were observed among the four groups. CONCLUSIONS SED administration can be recommended for patients unable tolerate complex enteral diets or a normal diet in terms of not only absorption and tolerability but also maintenance of gut immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Moriya
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan.
| | | | - Midori Noguchi
- Division of Traumatology, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - Makoto Nishikawa
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiromi Miyazaki
- Division of Traumatology, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - Daizoh Saitoh
- Division of Traumatology, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hideki Ueno
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Junji Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
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Aydın B, Atlı Şekeroğlu Z, Şekeroğlu V. Acrolein-induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity in rats: protective effects of whey protein and conjugated linoleic acid. Drug Chem Toxicol 2017; 41:225-231. [DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2017.1354872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Birsen Aydın
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Amasya University, Amasya, Turkey
| | - Zülal Atlı Şekeroğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Vedat Şekeroğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
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Brandelli A, Daroit DJ, Corrêa APF. Whey as a source of peptides with remarkable biological activities. Food Res Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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