1
|
Zhang X, Wang Y, Li H, Wang DW, Chen C. Insights into the post-translational modifications in heart failure. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 100:102467. [PMID: 39187021 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF), as the terminal manifestation of multiple cardiovascular diseases, causes a huge socioeconomic burden worldwide. Despite the advances in drugs and medical-assisted devices, the prognosis of HF remains poor. HF is well-accepted as a myriad of subcellular dys-synchrony related to detrimental structural and functional remodelling of cardiac components, including cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells and macrophages. Through the covalent chemical process, post-translational modifications (PTMs) can coordinate protein functions, such as re-localizing cellular proteins, marking proteins for degradation, inducing interactions with other proteins and tuning enzyme activities, to participate in the progress of HF. Phosphorylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination predominate in the currently reported PTMs. In addition, advanced HF is commonly accompanied by metabolic remodelling including enhanced glycolysis. Thus, glycosylation induced by disturbed energy supply is also important. In this review, firstly, we addressed the main types of HF. Then, considering that PTMs are associated with subcellular locations, we summarized the leading regulation mechanisms in organelles of distinctive cell types of different types of HF, respectively. Subsequently, we outlined the aforementioned four PTMs of key proteins and signaling sites in HF. Finally, we discussed the perspectives of PTMs for potential therapeutic targets in HF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Huaping Li
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095# Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan 430030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Peart LA, Draper M, Tarasov AI. The impact of GLP-1 signalling on the energy metabolism of pancreatic islet β-cells and extrapancreatic tissues. Peptides 2024; 178:171243. [PMID: 38788902 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 signalling impacts glucose homeostasis and appetite thereby indirectly affecting substrate availability at the whole-body level. The incretin canonically produces an insulinotropic effect, thereby lowering blood glucose levels by promoting the uptake and inhibiting the production of the sugar by peripheral tissues. Likewise, GLP-1 signalling within the central nervous system reduces the appetite and food intake, whereas its gastric effect delays the absorption of nutrients, thus improving glycaemic control and reducing the risk of postprandial hyperglycaemia. We review the molecular aspects of the GLP-1 signalling, focusing on its impact on intracellular energy metabolism. Whilst the incretin exerts its effects predominantly via a Gs receptor, which decodes the incretin signal into the elevation of intracellular cAMP levels, the downstream signalling cascades within the cell, acting on fast and slow timescales, resulting in an enhancement or an attenuation of glucose catabolism, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leah A Peart
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Matthew Draper
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Andrei I Tarasov
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bastola T, Perkins GA, Huu VAN, Ju S, Kim KY, Shen Z, Skowronska-Krawczyk D, Weinreb RN, Ju WK. Administration of Bicarbonate Protects Mitochondria, Rescues Retinal Ganglion Cells, and Ameliorates Visual Dysfunction Caused by Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:743. [PMID: 38929182 PMCID: PMC11200884 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a key factor causing mitochondrial dysfunction and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death in glaucomatous neurodegeneration. The cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway is involved in mitochondrial protection, promoting RGC survival. Soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) is a key regulator of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway, which is known to protect mitochondria and promote RGC survival. However, the precise molecular mechanisms connecting the sAC-mediated signaling pathway with mitochondrial protection in RGCs against oxidative stress are not well characterized. Here, we demonstrate that sAC plays a critical role in protecting RGC mitochondria from oxidative stress. Using mouse models of oxidative stress induced by ischemic injury and paraquat administration, we found that administration of bicarbonate, as an activator of sAC, protected RGCs, blocked AMP-activated protein kinase activation, inhibited glial activation, and improved visual function. Moreover, we found that this is the result of preserving mitochondrial dynamics (fusion and fission), promoting mitochondrial bioenergetics and biogenesis, and preventing metabolic stress and apoptotic cell death. Notably, the administration of bicarbonate ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction in RGCs by enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis, preserving mitochondrial structure, and increasing ATP production in oxidatively stressed RGCs. These findings suggest that activating sAC enhances the mitochondrial structure and function in RGCs to counter oxidative stress, consequently promoting RGC protection. We propose that modulation of the sAC-mediated signaling pathway has therapeutic potential acting on RGC mitochondria for treating glaucoma and other retinal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tonking Bastola
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (T.B.); (V.A.N.H.); (Z.S.); (R.N.W.)
| | - Guy A. Perkins
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA (S.J.); (K.-Y.K.)
| | - Viet Anh Nguyen Huu
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (T.B.); (V.A.N.H.); (Z.S.); (R.N.W.)
| | - Saeyeon Ju
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA (S.J.); (K.-Y.K.)
| | - Keun-Young Kim
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA (S.J.); (K.-Y.K.)
| | - Ziyao Shen
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (T.B.); (V.A.N.H.); (Z.S.); (R.N.W.)
| | - Dorota Skowronska-Krawczyk
- Center for Translational Vision Research, Department of Physiology, Biophysics & Ophthalmology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
| | - Robert N. Weinreb
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (T.B.); (V.A.N.H.); (Z.S.); (R.N.W.)
| | - Won-Kyu Ju
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (T.B.); (V.A.N.H.); (Z.S.); (R.N.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yoon YS, Chung KS, Lee SY, Heo SW, Kim YR, Lee JK, Kim H, Park S, Shin YK, Lee KT. Anti-obesity effects of a standardized ethanol extract of Eisenia bicyclis by regulating the AMPK signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 cells and HFD-induced mice. Food Funct 2024; 15:6424-6437. [PMID: 38771619 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00759j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Obesity requires treatment to mitigate the potential development of further metabolic disorders, including diabetes, hyperlipidemia, tumor growth, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We investigated the anti-obesity effect of a 30% ethanol extract of Eisenia bicyclis (Kjellman) Setchell (EEB) on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese C57BL/6 mice. Adipogenesis transcription factors including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-alpha (C/EBPα), and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) were ameliorated through the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway by EEB treatment in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells. EEB attenuated mitotic clonal expansion by upregulating cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs) while downregulating cyclins and CDKs. In HFD-fed mice, EEB significantly decreased the total body weight, fat tissue weight, and fat in the tissue. The protein expression of PPARγ, C/EBPα, and SREBP-1 was increased in the subcutaneous fat and liver tissues, while EEB decreased the expression levels of these transcription factors. EEB also inhibited lipogenesis by downregulating acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) expression in the subcutaneous fat and liver tissues. Moreover, the phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC was downregulated in the HFD-induced mouse group, whereas the administration of EEB improved AMPK and ACC phosphorylation; thus, EEB treatment may be related to the AMPK pathway. Histological analysis showed that EEB reduced the adipocyte size and fat accumulation in subcutaneous fat and liver tissues, respectively. EEB promotes thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue and improves insulin and leptin levels and blood lipid profiles. Our results suggest that EEB could be used as a potential agent to prevent obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Seo Yoon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sook Chung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Su-Yeon Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - So-Won Heo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Rin Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kil Lee
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjae Kim
- Department of New Material Development, COSMAXBIO, Gyeonggi, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoon Park
- Department of New Material Development, COSMAXBIO, Gyeonggi, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Kyong Shin
- Department of New Material Development, COSMAXBIO, Gyeonggi, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vogt S, Ramzan R, Cybulski P, Rhiel A, Weber P, Ruppert V, Irqsusi M, Rohrbach S, Niemann B, Mirow N, Rastan AJ. The ratio of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 4I1 and 4I2 mRNA is changed in permanent atrial fibrillation. ESC Heart Fail 2024; 11:1525-1539. [PMID: 38149324 PMCID: PMC11098639 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The conditions of hypoxia are suggested to induce permanent atrial fibrillation (AF). The regulation of COX4I2 and COX4I1 depends on oxygen availability in tissues. A role of COX4I2 in the myocardium of AF patients is supposed for pathogenesis of AF and subsequent alterations in the electron transfer chain (ETC) under hypoxia. METHODS AND RESULTS In vitro, influence of hypoxia on HeLa 53 cells was studied and elevated parts of COX 4I2 were confirmed. Myocardial biopsies were taken ex vivo from the patients' Right Atria with SR (n = 31) and AF (n = 11), respectively. RT- PCR for mRNA expresson, mitochondrial respiration by polarography and the protein content of cytochrome c oxidase (CytOx) subunit 4I1 and CytOx subunit 4I2 by ELISA were studied. Clinical data were correlated to the findings of gene expressions in parallel. Patients with permanent AF had a change in isoform 4I2/4I1 expression along with a decrease of isoform COX 4I1 expression. The 4I2/4I1 ratio of mRNA expression was increased from 0.630 to 1.058 in comparison. However, the protein content of CytOx subunit 4 was much lower in the AF group, whereas the respiration/units enzyme activity in both groups remained the same. CONCLUSIONS This study describes a possible molecular correlate for the development of AF. Due to the known functional significance of COX 4I2, mitochondrial dysfunction can be assumed as a part of the pathogenesis of AF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Vogt
- Cardiovascular Research LabPhilipps‐University MarburgMarburgGermany
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular SurgeryUniversity Hospital of Giessen and MarburgMarburgGermany
| | - Rabia Ramzan
- Cardiovascular Research LabPhilipps‐University MarburgMarburgGermany
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular SurgeryUniversity Hospital of Giessen and MarburgMarburgGermany
| | - Pia Cybulski
- Cardiovascular Research LabPhilipps‐University MarburgMarburgGermany
| | - Annika Rhiel
- Cardiovascular Research LabPhilipps‐University MarburgMarburgGermany
| | - Petra Weber
- Cardiovascular Research LabPhilipps‐University MarburgMarburgGermany
| | - Volker Ruppert
- Department of CardiologyUniversity Hospital of Giessen and MarburgMarburgGermany
| | - Marc Irqsusi
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular SurgeryUniversity Hospital of Giessen and MarburgMarburgGermany
| | - Susanne Rohrbach
- Institute of PhysiologyJustus Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany
| | - Bernd Niemann
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular SurgeryUniversity Hospital of Giessen and MarburgGiessenGermany
| | - Nikolas Mirow
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular SurgeryUniversity Hospital of Giessen and MarburgMarburgGermany
| | - Ardawan J. Rastan
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular SurgeryUniversity Hospital of Giessen and MarburgMarburgGermany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bastola T, Perkins GA, Huu VAN, Ju S, Kim KY, Shen Z, Skowronska-Krawczyk D, Weinreb RN, Ju WK. Activating soluble adenylyl cyclase protects mitochondria, rescues retinal ganglion cells, and ameliorates visual dysfunction caused by oxidative stress. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.04.583371. [PMID: 38496531 PMCID: PMC10942326 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.04.583371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a key factor causing mitochondrial dysfunction and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death in glaucomatous neurodegeneration. The cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway is involved in mitochondrial protection, promoting RGC survival. Soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) is one of the key regulators of the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying the sAC-mediated signaling pathway and mitochondrial protection in RGCs that counter oxidative stress are not well characterized. Here, we demonstrate that sAC plays a critical role in protecting RGC mitochondria from oxidative stress. Using mouse models of oxidative stress, we found that activating sAC protected RGCs, blocked AMP-activated protein kinase activation, inhibited glial activation, and improved visual function. Moreover, we found that this is the result of preserving mitochondrial dynamics (fusion and fission), promoting mitochondrial bioenergetics and biogenesis, and preventing metabolic stress and apoptotic cell death in a paraquat oxidative stress model. Notably, sAC activation ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction in RGCs by enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis, preserving mitochondrial structure, and increasing ATP production in oxidatively stressed RGCs. These findings suggest that activating sAC enhances the mitochondrial structure and function in RGCs to counter oxidative stress, consequently promoting RGC protection. We propose that modulation of the sAC-mediated signaling pathway has therapeutic potential acting on RGC mitochondria for treating glaucoma and other retinal diseases.
Collapse
|
7
|
Cuezva JM, Domínguez-Zorita S. The ATPase Inhibitory Factor 1 (IF1) Contributes to the Warburg Effect and Is Regulated by Its Phosphorylation in S39 by a Protein Kinase A-like Activity. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1014. [PMID: 38473373 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16051014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The relevant role played by the ATPase Inhibitory Factor 1 (IF1) as a physiological in vivo inhibitor of mitochondrial ATP synthase in cancer and non-cancer cells, and in the mitochondria of different mouse tissues, as assessed in different genetic loss- and gain-of-function models of IF1 has been extensively documented. In this review we summarize our findings and those of others that favor the implication of IF1 in metabolic reprogramming to an enhanced glycolytic phenotype, which is mediated by its binding and inhibition of the ATP synthase. Moreover, we emphasize that IF1 is phosphorylated in vivo in its S39 by the c-AMP-dependent PKA activity of mitochondria to render an inactive inhibitor that is unable to interact with the enzyme, thus triggering the activation of ATP synthase. Overall, we discuss and challenge the results that argue against the role of IF1 as in vivo inhibitor of mitochondrial ATP synthase and stress that IF1 cannot be regarded solely as a pro-oncogenic protein because in some prevalent carcinomas, it prevents metastatic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José M Cuezva
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Domínguez-Zorita
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Iwata K, Ferdousi F, Arai Y, Isoda H. Modulation of mitochondrial activity by sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) top extract and its bioactive polyphenols: a comprehensive transcriptomics analysis in C2C12 myotubes and HepG2 hepatocytes. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2024; 14:2. [PMID: 38177614 PMCID: PMC10766937 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-023-00423-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Age-related mitochondrial dysfunction leads to defects in cellular energy metabolism and oxidative stress defense systems, which can contribute to tissue damage and disease development. Among the key regulators responsible for mitochondrial quality control, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) is an important target for mitochondrial dysfunction. We have previously reported that bioactive polyphenols extracted from sugarcane top (ST) ethanol extract (STEE) could activate neuronal energy metabolism and increase astrocyte PGC-1α transcript levels. However, their potential impact on the mitochondria activity in muscle and liver cells has not yet been investigated. To address this gap, our current study examined the effects of STEE and its polyphenols on cultured myotubes and hepatocytes in vitro. Rhodamine 123 assay revealed that the treatment with STEE and its polyphenols resulted in an increase in mitochondrial membrane potential in C2C12 myotubes. Furthermore, a comprehensive examination of gene expression patterns through transcriptome-wide microarray analysis indicated that STEE altered gene expressions related to mitochondrial functions, fatty acid metabolism, inflammatory cytokines, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, and cAMP signaling in both C2C12 myotubes and HepG2 hepatocytes. Additionally, protein-protein interaction analysis identified the PGC-1α interactive-transcription factors-targeted regulatory network of the genes regulated by STEE, and the quantitative polymerase chain reaction results confirmed that STEE and its polyphenols upregulated the transcript levels of PGC-1α in both C2C12 and HepG2 cells. These findings collectively suggest the potential beneficial effects of STEE on muscle and liver tissues and offer novel insights into the potential nutraceutical applications of this material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Iwata
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
- Nippo Co., Ltd., Daito, Osaka, 574-0062, Japan
| | - Farhana Ferdousi
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
- Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | | | - Hiroko Isoda
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan.
- Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan.
- AIST-University of Tsukuba Open Innovation Laboratory for Food and Medicinal Resource Engineering (FoodMed-OIL), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Steffen JBM, Sokolov EP, Bock C, Sokolova IM. Combined effects of salinity and intermittent hypoxia on mitochondrial capacity and reactive oxygen species efflux in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. J Exp Biol 2023; 226:jeb246164. [PMID: 37470191 PMCID: PMC10445735 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.246164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Coastal environments commonly experience fluctuations in salinity and hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) stress that can negatively affect mitochondrial functions of marine organisms. Although intertidal bivalves are adapted to these conditions, the mechanisms that sustain mitochondrial integrity and function are not well understood. We determined the rates of respiration and reactive oxygen species (ROS) efflux in the mitochondria of oysters, Crassostrea gigas, acclimated to high (33 psu) or low (15 psu) salinity, and exposed to either normoxic conditions (control; 21% O2) or short-term hypoxia (24 h at <0.01% O2) and subsequent reoxygenation (1.5 h at 21% O2). Further, we exposed isolated mitochondria to anoxia in vitro to assess their ability to recover from acute (∼10 min) oxygen deficiency (<0.01% O2). Our results showed that mitochondria of oysters acclimated to high or low salinity did not show severe damage and dysfunction during H/R stress, consistent with the hypoxia tolerance of C. gigas. However, acclimation to low salinity led to improved mitochondrial performance and plasticity, indicating that 15 psu might be closer to the metabolic optimum of C. gigas than 33 psu. Thus, acclimation to low salinity increased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation rate and coupling efficiency and stimulated mitochondrial respiration after acute H/R stress. However, elevated ROS efflux in the mitochondria of low-salinity-acclimated oysters after acute H/R stress indicates a possible trade-off of higher respiration. The high plasticity and stress tolerance of C. gigas mitochondria may contribute to the success of this invasive species and facilitate its further expansion into brackish regions such as the Baltic Sea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer B. M. Steffen
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Eugene P. Sokolov
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Research, Leibniz Science Campus Phosphorus Research Rostock, 18119 Warnemünde, Germany
| | - Christian Bock
- Integrative Ecophysiology, Alfred-Wegener-Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Inna M. Sokolova
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Department of Maritime Systems, Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Electron transfer in protein modifications: from detection to imaging. Sci China Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1417-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
11
|
Bennett CF, Latorre-Muro P, Puigserver P. Mechanisms of mitochondrial respiratory adaptation. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:817-835. [PMID: 35804199 PMCID: PMC9926497 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-022-00506-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial energetic adaptations encompass a plethora of conserved processes that maintain cell and organismal fitness and survival in the changing environment by adjusting the respiratory capacity of mitochondria. These mitochondrial responses are governed by general principles of regulatory biology exemplified by changes in gene expression, protein translation, protein complex formation, transmembrane transport, enzymatic activities and metabolite levels. These changes can promote mitochondrial biogenesis and membrane dynamics that in turn support mitochondrial respiration. The main regulatory components of mitochondrial energetic adaptation include: the transcription coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) coactivator 1α (PGC1α) and associated transcription factors; mTOR and endoplasmic reticulum stress signalling; TOM70-dependent mitochondrial protein import; the cristae remodelling factors, including mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) and OPA1; lipid remodelling; and the assembly and metabolite-dependent regulation of respiratory complexes. These adaptive molecular and structural mechanisms increase respiration to maintain basic processes specific to cell types and tissues. Failure to execute these regulatory responses causes cell damage and inflammation or senescence, compromising cell survival and the ability to adapt to energetically demanding conditions. Thus, mitochondrial adaptive cellular processes are important for physiological responses, including to nutrient availability, temperature and physical activity, and their failure leads to diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction such as metabolic and age-associated diseases and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher F Bennett
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pedro Latorre-Muro
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pere Puigserver
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lee SY, Chung KS, Son SR, Lee SY, Jang DS, Lee JK, Kim HJ, Na CS, Lee SH, Lee KT. A Botanical Mixture Consisting of Inula japonica and Potentilla chinensis Relieves Obesity via the AMPK Signaling Pathway in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes and HFD-Fed Obese Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183685. [PMID: 36145056 PMCID: PMC9505034 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive lipid accumulation in white adipose tissue (WAT) is the major cause of obesity. Herein, we investigated the anti-obesity effect and molecular mechanism of a botanical mixture of 30% EtOH extract from the leaves of Inula japonica and Potentilla chinensis (EEIP) in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese mice. In vitro, EEIP prevented lipid accumulation by downregulating the expression of lipogenesis-related transcription factors such as CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP)α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ, and sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-1 via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest by regulating the Akt-mTOR pathways without inducing cytotoxicity. In vivo, EEIP significantly reduced body weight gain and body fat mass in the group administered concurrently with HFD (pre-) or administered during the maintenance of HFD (post-) including subcutaneous, gonadal, renal, and mesenteric fats, and improved blood lipid profiles and metabolic hormones. EEIP pre-administration also alleviated WAT hypertrophy and liver lipid accumulation by reducing C/EBPα, PPARγ, and SREBP-1 expression via AMPK activation. In the brown adipose tissue, EEIP pre-administration upregulated the expression of thermogenic factors. Furthermore, EEIP improved the HFD-induced altered gut microbiota in mice. Taken together, our data indicated that EEIP improves HFD-induced obesity through adipogenesis inhibition in the WAT and liver and is a promising dietary natural material for improving obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Yeon Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Kyung-Sook Chung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - So-Ri Son
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - So Young Lee
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Jong-Kil Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jae Kim
- Department of New Material Development, COSMAXBIO, Seongnam 13486, Korea
| | - Chang-Seon Na
- Department of New Material Development, COSMAXBIO, Seongnam 13486, Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Lee
- Department of New Material Development, COSMAXBIO, Seongnam 13486, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-H.L.); (K.-T.L.); Tel.: +82-31-8018-0390 (S.-H.L.); +82-2-961-0860 (K.-T.L.)
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-H.L.); (K.-T.L.); Tel.: +82-31-8018-0390 (S.-H.L.); +82-2-961-0860 (K.-T.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Brischigliaro M, Cabrera‐Orefice A, Sturlese M, Elurbe DM, Frigo E, Fernandez‐Vizarra E, Moro S, Huynen MA, Arnold S, Viscomi C, Zeviani M. CG7630 is the
Drosophila melanogaster
homolog of the cytochrome
c
oxidase subunit COX7B. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e54825. [PMID: 35699132 PMCID: PMC9346487 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202254825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) is composed of four multiheteromeric enzyme complexes. According to the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria, eukaryotic MRC derives from ancestral proteobacterial respiratory structures consisting of a minimal set of complexes formed by a few subunits associated with redox prosthetic groups. These enzymes, which are the “core” redox centers of respiration, acquired additional subunits, and increased their complexity throughout evolution. Cytochrome c oxidase (COX), the terminal component of MRC, has a highly interspecific heterogeneous composition. Mammalian COX consists of 14 different polypeptides, of which COX7B is considered the evolutionarily youngest subunit. We applied proteomic, biochemical, and genetic approaches to investigate the COX composition in the invertebrate model Drosophila melanogaster. We identified and characterized a novel subunit which is widely different in amino acid sequence, but similar in secondary and tertiary structures to COX7B, and provided evidence that this object is in fact replacing the latter subunit in virtually all protostome invertebrates. These results demonstrate that although individual structures may differ the composition of COX is functionally conserved between vertebrate and invertebrate species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alfredo Cabrera‐Orefice
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Mattia Sturlese
- Molecular Modeling Section Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences University of Padova Padova Italy
| | - Dei M Elurbe
- Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Elena Frigo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Padova Padova Italy
| | - Erika Fernandez‐Vizarra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Padova Padova Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine Padova Italy
| | - Stefano Moro
- Molecular Modeling Section Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences University of Padova Padova Italy
| | - Martijn A Huynen
- Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Susanne Arnold
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD) University of Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - Carlo Viscomi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Padova Padova Italy
| | - Massimo Zeviani
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine Padova Italy
- Department of Neurosciences University of Padova Padova Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Han Y, Zhong L, Ren F. A simple method for the preparation of positive samples to preliminarily determine the quality of phosphorylation-specific antibody. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272138. [PMID: 35877775 PMCID: PMC9312364 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation is one of the most common and important post-translational modifications and is involved in many biological processes, including DNA damage repair, transcriptional regulation, signal transduction, and apoptosis regulation. The use of antibodies targeting phosphorylated protein is a convenient method to detect protein phosphorylation. Therefore, high-quality antibodies are essential, and uniform and effective standards are urgently needed to evaluate the quality of these phosphorylation-specific antibodies. In this study, we established a simple, broad-spectrum system for the preparation of phosphorylation-positive samples. The positive samples for evaluation of phosphorylation-specific antibodies were then validated in cells from different species and tissues, and also been proven effectively in western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, LC-MS/MS and immunofluorescence analysis. Overall, our findings established a novel approach for evaluation of the quality of phosphorylation-specific antibodies and may have applications in various biomedical fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Han
- Center for Translational Medicine, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Lin Zhong
- Department of Analysis and Reporting, Pfizer (Wuhan) Research and Development Co. LTD, Hubei, China
| | - Fuli Ren
- Center for Translational Medicine, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Integration of Adenylate Kinase 1 with Its Peptide Conformational Imprint. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126521. [PMID: 35742970 PMCID: PMC9223553 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were used as a tool to grasp a targeted α-helix or β-sheet of protein. During the fabrication of the hinge-mediated MIPs, elegant cavities took shape in a special solvent on quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) chips. The cavities, which were complementary to the protein secondary structure, acted as a peptide conformational imprint (PCI) for adenylate kinase 1 (AK1). We established a promising strategy to examine the binding affinities of human AK1 in conformational dynamics using the peptide-imprinting method. Moreover, when bound to AK1, PCIs are able to gain stability and tend to maintain higher catalytic activities than free AK1. Such designed fixations not only act on hinges as accelerators; some are also inhibitors. One example of PCI inhibition of AK1 catalytic activity takes place when PCI integrates with an AK19-23 β-sheet. In addition, conformation ties, a general MIP method derived from random-coil AK1133-144 in buffer/acetonitrile, are also inhibitors. The inhibition may be due to the need for this peptide to execute conformational transition during catalysis.
Collapse
|
16
|
Phosphorylation and acetylation of mitochondrial transcription factor A promote transcription processivity without compromising initiation or DNA compaction. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101815. [PMID: 35278431 PMCID: PMC9006650 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) plays important roles in mitochondrial DNA compaction, transcription initiation, and in the regulation of processes like transcription and replication processivity. It is possible that TFAM is locally regulated within the mitochondrial matrix via such mechanisms as phosphorylation by protein kinase A and nonenzymatic acetylation by acetyl-CoA. Here, we demonstrate that DNA-bound TFAM is less susceptible to these modifications. We confirmed using EMSAs that phosphorylated or acetylated TFAM compacted circular double-stranded DNA just as well as unmodified TFAM and provide an in-depth analysis of acetylated sites on TFAM. We show that both modifications of TFAM increase the processivity of mitochondrial RNA polymerase during transcription through TFAM-imposed barriers on DNA, but that TFAM bearing either modification retains its full activity in transcription initiation. We conclude that TFAM phosphorylation by protein kinase A and nonenzymatic acetylation by acetyl-CoA are unlikely to occur at the mitochondrial DNA and that modified free TFAM retains its vital functionalities like compaction and transcription initiation while enhancing transcription processivity.
Collapse
|
17
|
Mitochondrial Sirtuins in Parkinson’s Disease. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:1491-1502. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03560-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
18
|
Mitochondrial Function Differences between Tumor Tissue of Human Metastatic and Premetastatic CRC. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11020293. [PMID: 35205159 PMCID: PMC8869310 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Metastasis is an important cause of death from colorectal cancer (CRC). Mitochondria, which are important organelles of cells, play a key role in the metastatic transformation of cancer cells. We aimed to evaluate the adaptations associated with mitochondrial function in tumor tissues from advanced stages of human CRC and whether they could ultimately be used as a therapeutic target in metastatic CRC. We have compared the mitochondrial functionality parameters in tumor tissue samples and the normal adjacent tissue of advanced CRC patients with no radio- or chemotherapy treatment before surgery. Notable differences in mitochondrial functionality were detected between the samples of adjacent tissue versus tumor tissue from metastatic CRC patients. These findings suggest a shift in the mitochondrial function profile occurring in tumor tissue once the metastatic stage has been reached. These changes contribute to promote and maintain the metastatic phenotype, with evidence of mitochondrial function impairment in tumor tissue in the metastatic stage samples. Abstract Most colorectal cancer (CRC) patients die as a consequence of metastasis. Mitochondrial dysfunction could enhance cancer development and metastatic progression. We aimed to evaluate the adaptations associated with mitochondrial function in tumor tissues from stages III and IV of human CRC and whether they could ultimately be used as a therapeutic target in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). We analyzed the protein levels by Western blotting and the enzymatic activities of proteins involved in mitochondrial function, as well as the amount of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), by real-time PCR, analyzing samples of non-tumor adjacent tissue and tumor tissue from stages III and IV CRC patients without radio- or chemotherapy treatment prior to surgery. Our data indicate that the tumor tissue of pre-metastatic stage III CRC exhibited an oxidant metabolic profile very similar to the samples of non-tumor adjacent tissue of both stages. Notable differences in the protein expression levels of ATPase, IDH2, LDHA, and SIRT1, as well as mtDNA amount, were detected between the samples of non-tumor adjacent tissue and tumor tissue from metastatic CRC patients. These findings suggest a shift in the oxidative metabolic profile that takes place in the tumor tissue once the metastatic stage has been reached. Tumor tissue oxidative metabolism contributes to promote and maintain the metastatic phenotype, with evidence of mitochondrial function impairment in stage IV tumor tissue.
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang P, Li R, Yuan Y, Zhu M, Liu Y, Jin Y, Yin Y. PTENα is responsible for protection of brain against oxidative stress during aging. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21943. [PMID: 34582065 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100753r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Neural cells are continuously subjected to oxidative stress arising from electrochemical activity, and cellular protection systems can turn on the oxidative stress response to detect and alleviate adverse conditions. However, the function and mechanism of the protective systems are complicated and remain largely elusive. We report that PTENα, an isoform of the PTEN family, mediates defense signaling in response to oxidative stress during brain aging. We show that genetic ablation of Ptenα in mice increases oxidative stress and results in neuronal cell death, culminating in accelerated decline of cognition and motor coordination as age increases. PTENα maintains COX activity and promotes energy metabolism through abrogating NEDD4L-mediated degradation of COX4 in response to oxidative stress. In the presence of Parkinson's disease-associated mutation, PTENα loses the capability to protect COX4 and ameliorate defects caused by Ptenα deletion. Our study reveals an important role of PTENα in response to oxidative stress. We propose that dysregulation of PTENα signaling may accelerate the rate of brain aging and promote the development of neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiqi Li
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyao Yuan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Minglu Zhu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxin Yin
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Vogt S, Ramzan R, Grossman LI, Singh KK, Ferguson-Miller S, Yoshikawa S, Lee I, Hüttemann M. Mitochondrial respiration is controlled by Allostery, Subunit Composition and Phosphorylation Sites of Cytochrome c Oxidase: A trailblazer's tale - Bernhard Kadenbach. Mitochondrion 2021; 60:228-233. [PMID: 34481964 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In memoriam of Bernhard Kadenbach: Although the main focus of his research was the structure, function, and regulation of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (CytOx), he earlier studied the mitochondrial phosphate carrier and found an essential role of cardiolipin. Later, he discovered tissue-specific and developmental-specific protein isoforms of CytOx. Defective activity of CytOx is found with increasing age in human muscle and neuronal cells resulting in mitochondrial diseases. Kadenbach proposed a theory on the cause of oxidative stress, aging, and associated diseases stating that allosteric feedback inhibition of CytOx at high mitochondrial ATP/ADP ratios is essential for healthy living while stress-induced reversible dephosphorylation of CytOx results in the formation of excessive reactive oxygen species that trigger degenerative diseases. This article summarizes the main discoveries of Kadenbach related to mammalian CytOx and discusses their implications for human disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Vogt
- Department of Heart Surgery, Campus Marburg, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg, D-35043 Marburg, Germany; Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Biochemical-Pharmacological Center, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 1, D-35043 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Rabia Ramzan
- Department of Heart Surgery, Campus Marburg, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg, D-35043 Marburg, Germany; Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Biochemical-Pharmacological Center, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 1, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Lawrence I Grossman
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Keshav K Singh
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Shelagh Ferguson-Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Shinya Yoshikawa
- Picobiology Institute, Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Koto, Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Icksoo Lee
- College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31116, South Korea
| | - Maik Hüttemann
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Laudette M, Sainte-Marie Y, Cousin G, Bergonnier D, Belhabib I, Brun S, Formoso K, Laib L, Tortosa F, Bergoglio C, Marcheix B, Borén J, Lairez O, Fauconnier J, Lucas A, Mialet-Perez J, Moro C, Lezoualc'h F. Cyclic AMP-binding protein Epac1 acts as a metabolic sensor to promote cardiomyocyte lipotoxicity. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:824. [PMID: 34471096 PMCID: PMC8410846 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04113-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a master regulator of mitochondrial metabolism but its precise mechanism of action yet remains unclear. Here, we found that a dietary saturated fatty acid (FA), palmitate increased intracellular cAMP synthesis through the palmitoylation of soluble adenylyl cyclase in cardiomyocytes. cAMP further induced exchange protein directly activated by cyclic AMP 1 (Epac1) activation, which was upregulated in the myocardium of obese patients. Epac1 enhanced the activity of a key enzyme regulating mitochondrial FA uptake, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1. Consistently, pharmacological or genetic Epac1 inhibition prevented lipid overload, increased FA oxidation (FAO), and protected against mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiomyocytes. In addition, analysis of Epac1 phosphoproteome led us to identify two key mitochondrial enzymes of the the β-oxidation cycle as targets of Epac1, the long-chain FA acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (ACADL) and the 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase (3-KAT). Epac1 formed molecular complexes with the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), which phosphorylated ACADL and 3-KAT at specific amino acid residues to decrease lipid oxidation. The Epac1-CaMKII axis also interacted with the α subunit of ATP synthase, thereby further impairing mitochondrial energetics. Altogether, these findings indicate that Epac1 disrupts the balance between mitochondrial FA uptake and oxidation leading to lipid accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction, and ultimately cardiomyocyte death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Laudette
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR 1297-I2MC, Toulouse, France
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yannis Sainte-Marie
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR 1297-I2MC, Toulouse, France
| | - Grégoire Cousin
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR 1297-I2MC, Toulouse, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse Rangueil, Toulouse, France
| | - Dorian Bergonnier
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR 1297-I2MC, Toulouse, France
| | - Ismahane Belhabib
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR 1297-I2MC, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Brun
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR 1297-I2MC, Toulouse, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse Rangueil, Toulouse, France
| | - Karina Formoso
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR 1297-I2MC, Toulouse, France
| | - Loubna Laib
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR 1297-I2MC, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Tortosa
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR 1297-I2MC, Toulouse, France
| | - Camille Bergoglio
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR 1297-I2MC, Toulouse, France
| | - Bertrand Marcheix
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR 1297-I2MC, Toulouse, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse Rangueil, Toulouse, France
| | - Jan Borén
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Olivier Lairez
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR 1297-I2MC, Toulouse, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse Rangueil, Toulouse, France
| | - Jérémy Fauconnier
- PHYMEDEXP, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Alexandre Lucas
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR 1297-I2MC, Toulouse, France
| | - Jeanne Mialet-Perez
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR 1297-I2MC, Toulouse, France
| | - Cédric Moro
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR 1297-I2MC, Toulouse, France
| | - Frank Lezoualc'h
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR 1297-I2MC, Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jakobsen E, Andersen JV, Christensen SK, Siamka O, Larsen MR, Waagepetersen HS, Aldana BI, Bak LK. Pharmacological inhibition of mitochondrial soluble adenylyl cyclase in astrocytes causes activation of AMP-activated protein kinase and induces breakdown of glycogen. Glia 2021; 69:2828-2844. [PMID: 34378239 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mobilization of astrocyte glycogen is key for processes such as synaptic plasticity and memory formation but the link between neuronal activity and glycogen breakdown is not fully known. Activation of cytosolic soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) in astrocytes has been suggested to link neuronal depolarization and glycogen breakdown partly based on experiments employing pharmacological inhibition of sAC. However, several studies have revealed that sAC located within mitochondria is a central regulator of respiration and oxidative phosphorylation. Thus, pharmacological sAC inhibition is likely to affect both cytosolic and mitochondrial sAC and if bioenergetic readouts are studied, the observed effects are likely to stem from inhibition of mitochondrial rather than cytosolic sAC. Here, we report that a pharmacologically induced inhibition of sAC activity lowers mitochondrial respiration, induces phosphorylation of the metabolic master switch AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and decreases glycogen stores in cultured primary murine astrocytes. From these data and our discussion of the literature, mitochondrial sAC emerges as a key regulator of astrocyte bioenergetics. Lastly, we discuss the challenges of investigating the functional and metabolic roles of cytosolic versus mitochondrial sAC in astrocytes employing the currently available pharmacological tool compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emil Jakobsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens V Andersen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sofie K Christensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Olga Siamka
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin R Larsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Helle S Waagepetersen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Blanca I Aldana
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lasse K Bak
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ramzan R, Napiwotzki J, Weber P, Kadenbach B, Vogt S. Cholate Disrupts Regulatory Functions of Cytochrome c Oxidase. Cells 2021; 10:1579. [PMID: 34201437 PMCID: PMC8303988 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome c oxidase (CytOx), the oxygen-accepting and rate-limiting enzyme of mitochondrial respiration, binds with 10 molecules of ADP, 7 of which are exchanged by ATP at high ATP/ADP-ratios. These bound ATP and ADP can be exchanged by cholate, which is generally used for the purification of CytOx. Many crystal structures of isolated CytOx were performed with the enzyme isolated from mitochondria using sodium cholate as a detergent. Cholate, however, dimerizes the enzyme isolated in non-ionic detergents and induces a structural change as evident from a spectral change. Consequently, it turns off the "allosteric ATP-inhibition of CytOx", which is reversibly switched on under relaxed conditions via cAMP-dependent phosphorylation and keeps the membrane potential and ROS formation in mitochondria at low levels. This cholate effect gives an insight into the structural-functional relationship of the enzyme with respect to ATP inhibition and its role in mitochondrial respiration and energy production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Ramzan
- Biochemical-Pharmacological Center, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 1, D-35043 Marburg, Germany; (R.R.); (P.W.)
- Department of Heart Surgery, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg, D-35043 Campus Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Petra Weber
- Biochemical-Pharmacological Center, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 1, D-35043 Marburg, Germany; (R.R.); (P.W.)
| | | | - Sebastian Vogt
- Biochemical-Pharmacological Center, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 1, D-35043 Marburg, Germany; (R.R.); (P.W.)
- Department of Heart Surgery, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg, D-35043 Campus Marburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Capitanio G, Papa F, Papa S. The allosteric protein interactions in the proton-motive function of mammalian redox enzymes of the respiratory chain. Biochimie 2021; 189:1-12. [PMID: 34097987 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Insight into mammalian respiratory complexes defines the role of allosteric protein interactions in their proton-motive activity. In cytochrome c oxidase (CxIV) conformational change of subunit I, caused by O2 binding to heme a32+-CuB+ and reduction, and stereochemical transitions coupled to oxidation/reduction of heme a and CuA, combined with electrostatic effects, determine the proton pumping activity. In ubiquinone-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (CxIII) conformational movement of Fe-S protein between cytochromes b and c1 is the key element of the proton-motive activity. In NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (CxI) ubiquinone binding and reduction result in conformational changes of subunits in the quinone reaction structure which initiate proton pumping.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Capitanio
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124, Bari, Italy.
| | - Francesco Papa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124, Bari, Italy.
| | - Sergio Papa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124, Bari, Italy; Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121, Napoli, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Selective autophagy of AKAP11 activates cAMP/PKA to fuel mitochondrial metabolism and tumor cell growth. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2020215118. [PMID: 33785595 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2020215118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a catabolic pathway that provides self-nourishment and maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Autophagy is a fundamental cell protection pathway through metabolic recycling of various intracellular cargos and supplying the breakdown products. Here, we report an autophagy function in governing cell protection during cellular response to energy crisis through cell metabolic rewiring. We observe a role of selective type of autophagy in direct activation of cyclic AMP protein kinase A (PKA) and rejuvenation of mitochondrial function. Mechanistically, autophagy selectively degrades the inhibitory subunit RI of PKA holoenzyme through A-kinase-anchoring protein (AKAP) 11. AKAP11 acts as an autophagy receptor that recruits RI to autophagosomes via LC3. Glucose starvation induces AKAP11-dependent degradation of RI, resulting in PKA activation that potentiates PKA-cAMP response element-binding signaling, mitochondria respiration, and ATP production in accordance with mitochondrial elongation. AKAP11 deficiency inhibits PKA activation and impairs cell survival upon glucose starvation. Our results thus expand the view of autophagy cytoprotection mechanism by demonstrating selective autophagy in RI degradation and PKA activation that fuels the mitochondrial metabolism and confers cell resistance to glucose deprivation implicated in tumor growth.
Collapse
|
26
|
Regulation of Mitochondrial Homeostasis by sAC-Derived cAMP Pool: Basic and Translational Aspects. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020473. [PMID: 33671810 PMCID: PMC7926680 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In contrast to the traditional view of mitochondria being solely a source of cellular energy, e.g., the "powerhouse" of the cell, mitochondria are now known to be key regulators of numerous cellular processes. Accordingly, disturbance of mitochondrial homeostasis is a basic mechanism in several pathologies. Emerging data demonstrate that 3'-5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signalling plays a key role in mitochondrial biology and homeostasis. Mitochondria are equipped with an endogenous cAMP synthesis system involving soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC), which localizes in the mitochondrial matrix and regulates mitochondrial function. Furthermore, sAC localized at the outer mitochondrial membrane contributes significantly to mitochondrial biology. Disturbance of the sAC-dependent cAMP pools within mitochondria leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and pathology. In this review, we discuss the available data concerning the role of sAC in regulating mitochondrial biology in relation to diseases.
Collapse
|
27
|
Cytochrome c Oxidase at Full Thrust: Regulation and Biological Consequences to Flying Insects. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020470. [PMID: 33671793 PMCID: PMC7931083 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Flight dispersal represents a key aspect of the evolutionary and ecological success of insects, allowing escape from predators, mating, and colonization of new niches. The huge energy demand posed by flight activity is essentially met by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in flight muscle mitochondria. In insects, mitochondrial ATP supply and oxidant production are regulated by several factors, including the energy demand exerted by changes in adenylate balance. Indeed, adenylate directly regulates OXPHOS by targeting both chemiosmotic ATP production and the activities of specific mitochondrial enzymes. In several organisms, cytochrome c oxidase (COX) is regulated at transcriptional, post-translational, and allosteric levels, impacting mitochondrial energy metabolism, and redox balance. This review will present the concepts on how COX function contributes to flying insect biology, focusing on the existing examples in the literature where its structure and activity are regulated not only by physiological and environmental factors but also how changes in its activity impacts insect biology. We also performed in silico sequence analyses and determined the structure models of three COX subunits (IV, VIa, and VIc) from different insect species to compare with mammalian orthologs. We observed that the sequences and structure models of COXIV, COXVIa, and COXVIc were quite similar to their mammalian counterparts. Remarkably, specific substitutions to phosphomimetic amino acids at critical phosphorylation sites emerge as hallmarks on insect COX sequences, suggesting a new regulatory mechanism of COX activity. Therefore, by providing a physiological and bioenergetic framework of COX regulation in such metabolically extreme models, we hope to expand the knowledge of this critical enzyme complex and the potential consequences for insect dispersal.
Collapse
|
28
|
Upregulation of COX4-2 via HIF-1α in Mitochondrial COX4-1 Deficiency. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020452. [PMID: 33672589 PMCID: PMC7924049 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome-c-oxidase (COX) subunit 4 (COX4) plays important roles in the function, assembly and regulation of COX (mitochondrial respiratory complex 4), the terminal electron acceptor of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system. The principal COX4 isoform, COX4-1, is expressed in all tissues, whereas COX4-2 is mainly expressed in the lungs, or under hypoxia and other stress conditions. We have previously described a patient with a COX4-1 defect with a relatively mild presentation compared to other primary COX deficiencies, and hypothesized that this could be the result of a compensatory upregulation of COX4-2. To this end, COX4-1 was downregulated by shRNAs in human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF) and compared to the patient’s cells. COX4-1, COX4-2 and HIF-1α were detected by immunocytochemistry. The mRNA transcripts of both COX4 isoforms and HIF-1 target genes were quantified by RT-qPCR. COX activity and OXPHOS function were measured by enzymatic and oxygen consumption assays, respectively. Pathways were analyzed by CEL-Seq2 and by RT-qPCR. We demonstrated elevated COX4-2 levels in the COX4-1-deficient cells, with a concomitant HIF-1α stabilization, nuclear localization and upregulation of the hypoxia and glycolysis pathways. We suggest that COX4-2 and HIF-1α are upregulated also in normoxia as a compensatory mechanism in COX4-1 deficiency.
Collapse
|
29
|
Kotrasová V, Keresztesová B, Ondrovičová G, Bauer JA, Havalová H, Pevala V, Kutejová E, Kunová N. Mitochondrial Kinases and the Role of Mitochondrial Protein Phosphorylation in Health and Disease. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11020082. [PMID: 33498615 PMCID: PMC7912454 DOI: 10.3390/life11020082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The major role of mitochondria is to provide cells with energy, but no less important are their roles in responding to various stress factors and the metabolic changes and pathological processes that might occur inside and outside the cells. The post-translational modification of proteins is a fast and efficient way for cells to adapt to ever changing conditions. Phosphorylation is a post-translational modification that signals these changes and propagates these signals throughout the whole cell, but it also changes the structure, function and interaction of individual proteins. In this review, we summarize the influence of kinases, the proteins responsible for phosphorylation, on mitochondrial biogenesis under various cellular conditions. We focus on their role in keeping mitochondria fully functional in healthy cells and also on the changes in mitochondrial structure and function that occur in pathological processes arising from the phosphorylation of mitochondrial proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Kotrasová
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.K.); (B.K.); (G.O.); (J.A.B.); (H.H.); (V.P.)
| | - Barbora Keresztesová
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.K.); (B.K.); (G.O.); (J.A.B.); (H.H.); (V.P.)
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Gabriela Ondrovičová
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.K.); (B.K.); (G.O.); (J.A.B.); (H.H.); (V.P.)
| | - Jacob A. Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.K.); (B.K.); (G.O.); (J.A.B.); (H.H.); (V.P.)
| | - Henrieta Havalová
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.K.); (B.K.); (G.O.); (J.A.B.); (H.H.); (V.P.)
| | - Vladimír Pevala
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.K.); (B.K.); (G.O.); (J.A.B.); (H.H.); (V.P.)
| | - Eva Kutejová
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.K.); (B.K.); (G.O.); (J.A.B.); (H.H.); (V.P.)
- Correspondence: (E.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Nina Kunová
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.K.); (B.K.); (G.O.); (J.A.B.); (H.H.); (V.P.)
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (E.K.); (N.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Sarkar S, Murphy MA, Dammer EB, Olsen AL, Rangaraju S, Fraenkel E, Feany MB. Comparative proteomic analysis highlights metabolic dysfunction in α-synucleinopathy. NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE 2020; 6:40. [PMID: 33311497 PMCID: PMC7732845 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-020-00143-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The synaptic protein α-synuclein is linked through genetics and neuropathology to the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease and related disorders. However, the mechanisms by which α-synuclein influences disease onset and progression are incompletely understood. To identify pathogenic pathways and therapeutic targets we performed proteomic analysis in a highly penetrant new Drosophila model of α-synucleinopathy. We identified 476 significantly upregulated and 563 significantly downregulated proteins in heads from α-synucleinopathy model flies compared to controls. We then used multiple complementary analyses to identify and prioritize genes and pathways within the large set of differentially expressed proteins for functional studies. We performed Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, integrated our proteomic changes with human Parkinson’s disease genetic studies, and compared the α-synucleinopathy proteome with that of tauopathy model flies, which are relevant to Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders. These approaches identified GTP cyclohydrolase (GCH1) and folate metabolism as candidate mediators of α-synuclein neurotoxicity. In functional validation studies, we found that the knockdown of Drosophila Gch1 enhanced locomotor deficits in α-synuclein transgenic flies, while folate supplementation protected from α-synuclein toxicity. Our integrative analysis suggested that mitochondrial dysfunction was a common downstream mediator of neurodegeneration. Accordingly, Gch1 knockdown enhanced metabolic dysfunction in α-synuclein transgenic fly brains while folate supplementation partially normalized brain bioenergetics. Here we outline and implement an integrative approach to identify and validate potential therapeutic pathways using comparative proteomics and genetics and capitalizing on the facile genetic and pharmacological tools available in Drosophila.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Souvarish Sarkar
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael A Murphy
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Eric B Dammer
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Abby L Olsen
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Ernest Fraenkel
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mel B Feany
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Di Benedetto G, Lefkimmiatis K, Pozzan T. The basics of mitochondrial cAMP signalling: Where, when, why. Cell Calcium 2020; 93:102320. [PMID: 33296837 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2020.102320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cytosolic cAMP signalling in live cells has been extensively investigated in the past, while only in the last decade the existence of an intramitochondrial autonomous cAMP homeostatic system began to emerge. Thanks to the development of novel tools to investigate cAMP dynamics and cAMP/PKA-dependent phosphorylation within the matrix and in other mitochondrial compartments, it is now possible to address directly and in intact living cells a series of questions that until now could be addressed only by indirect approaches, in isolated organelles or through subcellular fractionation studies. In this contribution we discuss the mechanisms that regulate cAMP dynamics at the surface and inside mitochondria, and its crosstalk with organelle Ca2+ handling. We then address a series of still unsolved questions, such as the intramitochondrial localization of key elements of the cAMP signaling toolkit, e.g., adenylate cyclases, phosphodiesterases, protein kinase A (PKA) and Epac. Finally, we discuss the evidence for and against the existence of an intramitochondrial PKA pool and the functional role of cAMP increases within the organelle matrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulietta Di Benedetto
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 35121 Padova, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Foundation for Advanced Biomedical Research, 35129 Padova, Italy.
| | - Konstantinos Lefkimmiatis
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Foundation for Advanced Biomedical Research, 35129 Padova, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Tullio Pozzan
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 35121 Padova, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Foundation for Advanced Biomedical Research, 35129 Padova, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ould Amer Y, Hebert-Chatelain E. Insight into the Interactome of Intramitochondrial PKA Using Biotinylation-Proximity Labeling. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218283. [PMID: 33167377 PMCID: PMC7663848 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are fully integrated in cell signaling. Reversible phosphorylation is involved in adjusting mitochondrial physiology to the cellular needs. Protein kinase A (PKA) phosphorylates several substrates present at the external surface of mitochondria to maintain cellular homeostasis. However, few targets of PKA located inside the organelle are known. The aim of this work was to characterize the impact and the interactome of PKA located inside mitochondria. Our results show that the overexpression of intramitochondrial PKA decreases cellular respiration and increases superoxide levels. Using proximity-dependent biotinylation, followed by LC-MS/MS analysis and in silico phospho-site prediction, we identified 21 mitochondrial proteins potentially targeted by PKA. We confirmed the interaction of PKA with TIM44 using coimmunoprecipitation and observed that TIM44-S80 is a key residue for the interaction between the protein and the kinase. These findings provide insights into the interactome of intramitochondrial PKA and suggest new potential mechanisms in the regulation of mitochondrial functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Ould Amer
- Department of Biology, University of Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada;
- Canada Research Chair in Mitochondrial Signaling and Physiopathology, University of Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada
| | - Etienne Hebert-Chatelain
- Department of Biology, University of Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada;
- Canada Research Chair in Mitochondrial Signaling and Physiopathology, University of Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Čunátová K, Reguera DP, Houštěk J, Mráček T, Pecina P. Role of cytochrome c oxidase nuclear-encoded subunits in health and disease. Physiol Res 2020; 69:947-965. [PMID: 33129245 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome c oxidase (COX), the terminal enzyme of mitochondrial electron transport chain, couples electron transport to oxygen with generation of proton gradient indispensable for the production of vast majority of ATP molecules in mammalian cells. The review summarizes current knowledge of COX structure and function of nuclear-encoded COX subunits, which may modulate enzyme activity according to various conditions. Moreover, some nuclear-encoded subunits posess tissue-specific and development-specific isoforms, possibly enabling fine-tuning of COX function in individual tissues. The importance of nuclear-encoded subunits is emphasized by recently discovered pathogenic mutations in patients with severe mitopathies. In addition, proteins substoichiometrically associated with COX were found to contribute to COX activity regulation and stabilization of the respiratory supercomplexes. Based on the summarized data, a model of three levels of quaternary COX structure is postulated. Individual structural levels correspond to subunits of the i) catalytic center, ii) nuclear-encoded stoichiometric subunits and iii) associated proteins, which may constitute several forms of COX with varying composition and differentially regulated function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Čunátová
- Department of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology CAS, Prague, Czech Republic. ,
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kim YK, Hammerling U. The mitochondrial PKCδ/retinol signal complex exerts real-time control on energy homeostasis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158614. [PMID: 31927141 PMCID: PMC7347429 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The review focuses on the role of vitamin A (retinol) in the control of energy homeostasis, and on the manner in which certain retinoids subvert this process, leading potentially to disease. In eukaryotic cells, the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC) is negatively regulated by four pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs) and two antagonistically acting pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatases (PDPs). The second isoform, PDK2, is regulated by an autonomous mitochondrial signal cascade that is anchored on protein kinase Cδ (PKCδ), where retinoids play an indispensible co-factor role. Along with its companion proteins p66Shc, cytochrome c, and vitamin A, the PKCδ/retinol complex is located in the intermembrane space of mitochondria. At this site, and in contrast to cytosolic locations, PKCδ is activated by the site-specific oxidation of its cysteine-rich activation domain (CRD) that is configured into a complex RING-finger. Oxidation involves the transfer of electrons from cysteine moieties to oxidized cytochrome c, a step catalyzed by vitamin A. The PKCδ/retinol signalosome monitors the internal cytochrome c redox state that reflects the workload of the respiratory chain. Upon sensing demands for energy PKCδ signals the PDHC to increase glucose-derived fuel flux entering the KREBS cycle. Conversely, if excessive fuel flux surpasses the capacity of the respiratory chain, threatening the release of damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS), the polarity of the cytochrome c redox system is reversed, resulting in the chemical reduction of the PKCδ CRD, restoration of the RING-finger, refolding of PKCδ into the inactive, globular form, and curtailment of PDHC output, thereby constraining the respiratory capacity within safe margins. Several retinoids, notably anhydroretinol and fenretinide, capable of displacing retinol from binding sites on PKCδ, can co-activate PKCδ signaling but, owing to their extended system of conjugated double bonds, are unable to silence PKCδ in a timely manner. Left in the ON position, PKCδ causes chronic overload of the respiratory chain leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. This review explores how defects in the PKCδ signal machinery potentially contribute to metabolic and degenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youn-Kyung Kim
- Food Science Department, Rutgers Center for Lipid Research and Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Ulrich Hammerling
- Food Science Department, Rutgers Center for Lipid Research and Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
McCarthy M, Raval AP. The peri-menopause in a woman's life: a systemic inflammatory phase that enables later neurodegenerative disease. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:317. [PMID: 33097048 PMCID: PMC7585188 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01998-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The peri-menopause or menopausal transition—the time period that surrounds the final years of a woman’s reproductive life—is associated with profound reproductive and hormonal changes in a woman’s body and exponentially increases a woman’s risk of cerebral ischemia and Alzheimer’s disease. Although our understanding of the exact timeline or definition of peri-menopause is limited, it is clear that there are two stages to the peri-menopause. These are the early menopausal transition, where menstrual cycles are mostly regular, with relatively few interruptions, and the late transition, where amenorrhea becomes more prolonged and lasts for at least 60 days, up to the final menstrual period. Emerging evidence is showing that peri-menopause is pro-inflammatory and disrupts estrogen-regulated neurological systems. Estrogen is a master regulator that functions through a network of estrogen receptors subtypes alpha (ER-α) and beta (ER-β). Estrogen receptor-beta has been shown to regulate a key component of the innate immune response known as the inflammasome, and it also is involved in regulation of neuronal mitochondrial function. This review will present an overview of the menopausal transition as an inflammatory event, with associated systemic and central nervous system inflammation, plus regulation of the innate immune response by ER-β-mediated mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Micheline McCarthy
- Department of Neurology, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Ami P Raval
- Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratory, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1420 NW 9th Avenue, Neurology Research Building, Room # 203H, Miami, FL, 33136, USA. .,Department of Neurology, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kadenbach B. Complex IV - The regulatory center of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondrion 2020; 58:296-302. [PMID: 33069909 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
ATP, the universal energy currency in all living cells, is mainly synthesized in mitochondria by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The final and rate limiting step of the respiratory chain is cytochrome c oxidase (COX) which represents the regulatory center of OXPHOS. COX is regulated through binding of various effectors to its "supernumerary" subunits, by reversible phosphorylation, and by expression of subunit isoforms. Of particular interest is its feedback inhibition by ATP, the final product of OXPHOS. This "allosteric ATP-inhibition" of phosphorylated and dimeric COX maintains a low and healthy mitochondrial membrane potential (relaxed state), and prevents the formation of ROS (reactive oxygen species) which are known to cause numerous diseases. Excessive work and stress abolish this feedback inhibition of COX by Ca2+-activated dephosphorylation which leads to monomerization and movement of NDUFA4 from complex I to COX with higher rates of COX activity and ATP synthesis (active state) but increased ROS formation and decreased efficiency.
Collapse
|
37
|
Vergnes L, Lin JY, Davies GR, Church CD, Reue K. Induction of UCP1 and thermogenesis by a small molecule via AKAP1/PKA modulation. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:15054-15069. [PMID: 32855239 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Strategies to increase energy expenditure are an attractive approach to reduce excess fat storage and body weight to improve metabolic health. In mammals, uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) in brown and beige adipocytes uncouples fatty acid oxidation from ATP generation in mitochondria and promotes energy dissipation as heat. We set out to identify small molecules that enhance UCP1 levels and activity using a high-throughput screen of nearly 12,000 compounds in mouse brown adipocytes. We identified a family of compounds that increase Ucp1 expression and mitochondrial activity (including un-coupled respiration) in mouse brown adipocytes and human brown and white adipocytes. The mechanism of action may be through compound binding to A kinase anchoring protein (AKAP) 1, modulating its localization to mitochondria and its interaction with protein kinase A (PKA), a known node in the β-adrenergic signaling pathway. In mice, the hit compound increased body temperature, UCP1 protein levels, and thermogenic gene expression. Some of the compound effects on mitochondrial function were UCP1- or AKAP1-independent, suggesting compound effects on multiple nodes of energy regulation. Overall, our results highlight a role for AKAP1 in thermogenesis, uncoupled respiration, and regulation energy balance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Vergnes
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California USA.
| | - Jason Y Lin
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California USA
| | - Graeme R Davies
- Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher D Church
- Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Reue
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California USA; Department of Medicine, and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Jing C, Yu F, Zhang N, Liu Y, Wang H. Quantitative assessments of adenosine triphosphatase hydrolytic activity by ultrafiltration-coupled ion-pair reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:3840-3846. [PMID: 32776712 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate is a universal energy currency that can directly provide energy required for a multitude of biochemical reactions and biophysical actions through adenosine triphosphatase catalyzed hydrolysis. Adenosine triphosphatase activity is thus one important feature for the characterization of protein function and cell activity. Herein, we optimized ion-pair reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography technique for highly efficient separation of adenosine triphosphate, adenosine diphosphate, and adenosine monophosphate, and the method demonstrated good linearity. Moreover, by coupling a protein-removable ultrafiltration, we developed a sensitive and robust approach for quantification of adenosine triphosphatase hydrolytic activity. By this assay, we demonstrated that RecA filaments-catalyzed adenosine triphosphate hydrolysis approached a second-order reaction, and its rate constant was estimated as 0.057 mM-1 min-1 . In addition, we explored the effects of DNA length on this reaction and revealed that the increase of the length of single-stranded DNA can promote the adenosine triphosphatase hydrolytic activity of RecA filaments. All these results confirm the feasibility of this new method in quantification of adenosine triphosphatase hydrolytic activity assays. Compared with previous complicated enzyme-coupled or homogeneous colorimetric measurements, the developed approach with high resolution separation allows a simple reaction system for adenosine triphosphatase assay and a sensitive detection free of interference from background noise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changheng Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Fangzhi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hailin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Nuevo-Tapioles C, Santacatterina F, Stamatakis K, Núñez de Arenas C, Gómez de Cedrón M, Formentini L, Cuezva JM. Coordinate β-adrenergic inhibition of mitochondrial activity and angiogenesis arrest tumor growth. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3606. [PMID: 32681016 PMCID: PMC7368041 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17384-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial metabolism has emerged as a promising target against the mechanisms of tumor growth. Herein, we have screened an FDA-approved library to identify drugs that inhibit mitochondrial respiration. The β1-blocker nebivolol specifically hinders oxidative phosphorylation in cancer cells by concertedly inhibiting Complex I and ATP synthase activities. Complex I inhibition is mediated by interfering the phosphorylation of NDUFS7. Inhibition of the ATP synthase is exerted by the overexpression and binding of the ATPase Inhibitory Factor 1 (IF1) to the enzyme. Remarkably, nebivolol also arrests tumor angiogenesis by arresting endothelial cell proliferation. Altogether, targeting mitochondria and angiogenesis triggers a metabolic and oxidative stress crisis that restricts the growth of colon and breast carcinomas. Nebivolol holds great promise to be repurposed for the treatment of cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Nuevo-Tapioles
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fulvio Santacatterina
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Konstantinos Stamatakis
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Núñez de Arenas
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Gómez de Cedrón
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA) Food Institute, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Formentini
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Cuezva
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sánchez-González C, Nuevo-Tapioles C, Herrero Martín JC, Pereira MP, Serrano Sanz S, Ramírez de Molina A, Cuezva JM, Formentini L. Dysfunctional oxidative phosphorylation shunts branched-chain amino acid catabolism onto lipogenesis in skeletal muscle. EMBO J 2020; 39:e103812. [PMID: 32488939 PMCID: PMC7360968 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019103812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It is controversial whether mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle is the cause or consequence of metabolic disorders. Herein, we demonstrate that in vivo inhibition of mitochondrial ATP synthase in muscle alters whole‐body lipid homeostasis. Mice with restrained mitochondrial ATP synthase activity presented intrafiber lipid droplets, dysregulation of acyl‐glycerides, and higher visceral adipose tissue deposits, poising these animals to insulin resistance. This mitochondrial energy crisis increases lactate production, prevents fatty acid β‐oxidation, and forces the catabolism of branched‐chain amino acids (BCAA) to provide acetyl‐CoA for de novo lipid synthesis. In turn, muscle accumulation of acetyl‐CoA leads to acetylation‐dependent inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory complex II enhancing oxidative phosphorylation dysfunction which results in augmented ROS production. By screening 702 FDA‐approved drugs, we identified edaravone as a potent mitochondrial antioxidant and enhancer. Edaravone administration restored ROS and lipid homeostasis in skeletal muscle and reinstated insulin sensitivity. Our results suggest that muscular mitochondrial perturbations are causative of metabolic disorders and that edaravone is a potential treatment for these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sánchez-González
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Nuevo-Tapioles
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, i+12, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Cruz Herrero Martín
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta P Pereira
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Serrano Sanz
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Ramírez de Molina
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer Group, Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA) Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Cuezva
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, i+12, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Formentini
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CBMSO), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, i+12, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Aluksanasuwan S, Plumworasawat S, Malaitad T, Chaiyarit S, Thongboonkerd V. High glucose induces phosphorylation and oxidation of mitochondrial proteins in renal tubular cells: A proteomics approach. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5843. [PMID: 32246012 PMCID: PMC7125224 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62665-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been thought to play roles in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, precise mechanisms underlying mitochondrial dysfunction in DN remained unclear. Herein, mitochondria were isolated from renal tubular cells after exposure to normal glucose (5.5 mM glucose), high glucose (25 mM glucose), or osmotic control (5.5 mM glucose + 19.5 mM mannitol) for 96 h. Comparative proteomic analysis revealed six differentially expressed proteins among groups that were subsequently identified by tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLC-ESI-ETD MS/MS) and confirmed by Western blotting. Several various types of post-translational modifications (PTMs) were identified in all of these identified proteins. Interestingly, phosphorylation and oxidation were most abundant in mitochondrial proteins whose levels were exclusively increased in high glucose condition. The high glucose-induced increases in phosphorylation and oxidation of mitochondrial proteins were successfully confirmed by various assays including MS/MS analyses. Moreover, high glucose also increased levels of phosphorylated ezrin, intracellular ATP and ROS, all of which could be abolished by a p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB239063), implicating a role of p38 MAPK-mediated phosphorylation in high glucose-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. These data indicate that phosphorylation and oxidation of mitochondrial proteins are, at least in part, involved in mitochondrial dysfunction in renal tubular cells during DN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siripat Aluksanasuwan
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Sirikanya Plumworasawat
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Thanyalak Malaitad
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Sakdithep Chaiyarit
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Timón-Gómez A, Barrientos A. Mitochondrial respiratory chain composition and organization in response to changing oxygen levels. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 2. [PMID: 32551463 DOI: 10.36069/jols/20200601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the major consumer of oxygen in eukaryotic cells, owing to the requirement of oxygen to generate ATP through the mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) and the oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS). This aerobic energy transduction is more efficient than anaerobic processes such as glycolysis. Hypoxia, a condition in which environmental or intracellular oxygen levels are below the standard range, triggers an adaptive signaling pathway within the cell. When oxygen concentrations are low, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) become stabilized and activated to mount a transcriptional response that triggers modulation of cellular metabolism to adjust to hypoxic conditions. Mitochondrial aerobic metabolism is one of the main targets of the hypoxic response to regulate its functioning and efficiency in the presence of decreased oxygen levels. During evolution, eukaryotic cells and tissues have increased the plasticity of their mitochondrial OXPHOS system to cope with metabolic needs in different oxygen contexts. In mammalian mitochondria, two factors contribute to this plasticity. First, several subunits of the multimeric MRC complexes I and IV exist in multiple tissue-specific and condition-specific isoforms. Second, the MRC enzymes can coexist organized as individual entities or forming supramolecular structures known as supercomplexes, perhaps in a dynamic manner to respond to environmental conditions and cellular metabolic demands. In this review, we will summarize the information currently available on oxygen-related changes in MRC composition and organization and will discuss gaps of knowledge and research opportunities in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Timón-Gómez
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
| | - Antoni Barrientos
- department of Neurology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Elucidating cyclic AMP signaling in subcellular domains with optogenetic tools and fluorescent biosensors. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 47:1733-1747. [PMID: 31724693 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The second messenger 3',5'-cyclic nucleoside adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) plays a key role in signal transduction across prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Cyclic AMP signaling is compartmentalized into microdomains to fulfil specific functions. To define the function of cAMP within these microdomains, signaling needs to be analyzed with spatio-temporal precision. To this end, optogenetic approaches and genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors are particularly well suited. Synthesis and hydrolysis of cAMP can be directly manipulated by photoactivated adenylyl cyclases (PACs) and light-regulated phosphodiesterases (PDEs), respectively. In addition, many biosensors have been designed to spatially and temporarily resolve cAMP dynamics in the cell. This review provides an overview about optogenetic tools and biosensors to shed light on the subcellular organization of cAMP signaling.
Collapse
|
44
|
Pajuelo Reguera D, Čunátová K, Vrbacký M, Pecinová A, Houštěk J, Mráček T, Pecina P. Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit 4 Isoform Exchange Results in Modulation of Oxygen Affinity. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020443. [PMID: 32075102 PMCID: PMC7072730 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) is regulated through tissue-, development- or environment-controlled expression of subunit isoforms. The COX4 subunit is thought to optimize respiratory chain function according to oxygen-controlled expression of its isoforms COX4i1 and COX4i2. However, biochemical mechanisms of regulation by the two variants are only partly understood. We created an HEK293-based knock-out cellular model devoid of both isoforms (COX4i1/2 KO). Subsequent knock-in of COX4i1 or COX4i2 generated cells with exclusive expression of respective isoform. Both isoforms complemented the respiratory defect of COX4i1/2 KO. The content, composition, and incorporation of COX into supercomplexes were comparable in COX4i1- and COX4i2-expressing cells. Also, COX activity, cytochrome c affinity, and respiratory rates were undistinguishable in cells expressing either isoform. Analysis of energy metabolism and the redox state in intact cells uncovered modestly increased preference for mitochondrial ATP production, consistent with the increased NADH pool oxidation and lower ROS in COX4i2-expressing cells in normoxia. Most remarkable changes were uncovered in COX oxygen kinetics. The p50 (partial pressure of oxygen at half-maximal respiration) was increased twofold in COX4i2 versus COX4i1 cells, indicating decreased oxygen affinity of the COX4i2-containing enzyme. Our finding supports the key role of the COX4i2-containing enzyme in hypoxia-sensing pathways of energy metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Pajuelo Reguera
- Department of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (D.P.R.); (K.Č.); (M.V.); (A.P.); (J.H.)
| | - Kristýna Čunátová
- Department of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (D.P.R.); (K.Č.); (M.V.); (A.P.); (J.H.)
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 12000 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Vrbacký
- Department of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (D.P.R.); (K.Č.); (M.V.); (A.P.); (J.H.)
| | - Alena Pecinová
- Department of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (D.P.R.); (K.Č.); (M.V.); (A.P.); (J.H.)
| | - Josef Houštěk
- Department of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (D.P.R.); (K.Č.); (M.V.); (A.P.); (J.H.)
| | - Tomáš Mráček
- Department of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (D.P.R.); (K.Č.); (M.V.); (A.P.); (J.H.)
- Correspondence: (T.M.); (P.P.)
| | - Petr Pecina
- Department of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (D.P.R.); (K.Č.); (M.V.); (A.P.); (J.H.)
- Correspondence: (T.M.); (P.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Sokolova IM, Sokolov EP, Haider F. Mitochondrial Mechanisms Underlying Tolerance to Fluctuating Oxygen Conditions: Lessons from Hypoxia-Tolerant Organisms. Integr Comp Biol 2020; 59:938-952. [PMID: 31120535 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icz047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen (O2) is essential for most metazoan life due to its central role in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), which generates >90% of the cellular adenosine triphosphate. O2 fluctuations are an ultimate mitochondrial stressor resulting in mitochondrial damage, energy deficiency, and cell death. This work provides an overview of the known and putative mechanisms involved in mitochondrial tolerance to fluctuating O2 conditions in hypoxia-tolerant organisms including aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates and invertebrates. Mechanisms of regulation of the mitochondrial OXPHOS and electron transport system (ETS) (including alternative oxidases), sulphide tolerance, regulation of redox status and mitochondrial quality control, and the potential role of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) in mitochondrial tolerance to hypoxia are discussed. Mitochondrial phenotypes of distantly related animal species reveal common features including conservation and/or anticipatory upregulation of ETS capacity, suppression of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-producing electron flux through ubiquinone, reversible suppression of OXPHOS activity, and investment into the mitochondrial quality control mechanisms. Despite the putative importance of oxidative stress in adaptations to hypoxia, establishing the link between hypoxia tolerance and mitochondrial redox mechanisms is complicated by the difficulties of establishing the species-specific concentration thresholds above which the damaging effects of ROS outweigh their potentially adaptive signaling function. The key gaps in our knowledge about the potential mechanisms of mitochondrial tolerance to hypoxia include regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and fusion/fission dynamics, and HIF-dependent metabolic regulation that require further investigation in hypoxia-tolerant species. Future physiological, molecular and genetic studies of mitochondrial responses to hypoxia, and reoxygenation in phylogenetically diverse hypoxia-tolerant species could reveal novel solutions to the ubiquitous and metabolically severe problem of O2 deficiency and would have important implications for understanding the evolution of hypoxia tolerance and the potential mitigation of pathological states caused by O2 fluctuations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inna M Sokolova
- Department of Marine Biology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.,Department of Maritime Systems, Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Eugene P Sokolov
- Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Leibniz ScienceCampus Phosphorus Research Rostock, Warnemünde, Germany
| | - Fouzia Haider
- Department of Marine Biology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Chowdhury A, Aich A, Jain G, Wozny K, Lüchtenborg C, Hartmann M, Bernhard O, Balleiniger M, Alfar EA, Zieseniss A, Toischer K, Guan K, Rizzoli SO, Brügger B, Fischer A, Katschinski DM, Rehling P, Dudek J. Defective Mitochondrial Cardiolipin Remodeling Dampens HIF-1α Expression in Hypoxia. Cell Rep 2019; 25:561-570.e6. [PMID: 30332638 PMCID: PMC6205837 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria fulfill vital metabolic functions and act as crucial cellular signaling hubs, integrating their metabolic status into the cellular context. Here, we show that defective cardiolipin remodeling, upon loss of the cardiolipin acyl transferase tafazzin, decreases HIF-1α signaling in hypoxia. Tafazzin deficiency does not affect posttranslational HIF-1α regulation but rather HIF-1α gene expression, a dysfunction recapitulated in iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes from Barth syndrome patients with tafazzin deficiency. RNA-seq analyses confirmed drastically altered signaling in tafazzin mutant cells. In hypoxia, tafazzin-deficient cells display reduced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) perturbing NF-κB activation and concomitantly HIF-1α gene expression. Tafazzin-deficient mice hearts display reduced HIF-1α levels and undergo maladaptive hypertrophy with heart failure in response to pressure overload challenge. We conclude that defective mitochondrial cardiolipin remodeling dampens HIF-1α signaling due to a lack of NF-κB activation through reduced mitochondrial ROS production, decreasing HIF-1α transcription. Defective remodeling of mitochondrial cardiolipin dampens HIF-1α signaling ROS-mediated NF-κB activation is impaired in cardiolipin-deficient cells Defective NF-κB-mediated HIF-1α gene induction decreases the cellular response to hypoxia Deregulated cardiac response to pressure overload in Barth syndrome mouse
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Chowdhury
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, GZMB, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Abhishek Aich
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, GZMB, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gaurav Jain
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Wozny
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Christian Lüchtenborg
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Magnus Hartmann
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, GZMB, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Olaf Bernhard
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, GZMB, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martina Balleiniger
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, GZMB, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ezzaldin Ahmed Alfar
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anke Zieseniss
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Karl Toischer
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kaomei Guan
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Silvio O Rizzoli
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Britta Brügger
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Andrè Fischer
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dörthe M Katschinski
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Peter Rehling
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, GZMB, 37073 Göttingen, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37073, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Jan Dudek
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, GZMB, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Chang CH, Liu ZZ, Lee TH. Changes in hypothermal stress-induced hepatic mitochondrial metabolic patterns between fresh water- and seawater-acclimated milkfish, Chanos chanos. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18502. [PMID: 31811227 PMCID: PMC6897891 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55055-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Milkfish (Chanos chanos) is a tropical euryhaline species. It can acclimate to fresh water (FW) or seawater (SW) and be cultured in both. In winter, cold snaps cause huge losses in milkfish revenue. Compared to FW-acclimated individuals, SW-acclimated milkfish have better low-temperature tolerance. Under hypothermal stress, a stable energy supply is critical to maintain normal liver function. In this study, the levels of key mitochondrial enzymes (citrate synthase (CS) and cytochrome c oxidase (COX)) in milkfish livers were examined. The CS:COX activity ratio in FW milkfish significantly increased under hypothermal stress (18 °C) whereas ATP (the end product of aerobic metabolism) was downregulated. Therefore, the activities of the enzymes involved in mitochondrial amino acid biosynthesis (aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH)) were evaluated to elucidate energy flow in milkfish livers under hypothermal stress. In FW milkfish, GDH activity was upregulated whereas AST activity was downregulated. Nevertheless, the levels of all the aforementioned enzymes did not significantly change in SW milkfish under hypothermal stress. In summary, we clarified the mechanism accounting for the fact that SW milkfish have superior low-temperature tolerance to FW milkfish and demonstrated that SW and FW milkfish have different and unique strategies for regulating energy flow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hao Chang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.,iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Zong-Zheng Liu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan. .,iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Dynnik VV, Grishina EV, Fedotcheva NI. The mitochondrial NO-synthase/guanylate cyclase/protein kinase G signaling system underpins the dual effects of nitric oxide on mitochondrial respiration and opening of the permeability transition pore. FEBS J 2019; 287:1525-1536. [PMID: 31602795 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The available data on the involvement of nitric oxide (NO) and mitochondrial calcium-dependent NO synthase (mtNOS) in the control of mitochondrial respiration and the permeability transition pore (mPTP) are contradictory. We have proposed that the mitochondrial mtNOS/guanylate cyclase/protein kinase G signaling system (mtNOS-SS) is also implicated in the control of respiration and mPTP, providing the interplay between NO and mtNOS-SS, which, in turn, may result in inconsistent effects of NO. Therefore, using rat liver mitochondria, we applied specific inhibitors of the enzymes of this signaling system to evaluate its role in the control of respiration and mPTP opening. Steady-state respiration was supported by pyruvate, glutamate, or succinate in the presence of hexokinase, glucose, and ADP. When applied at low concentrations, l-arginine (to 500 µm) and NO donors (to 50 µm) activated the respiration and increased the threshold concentrations of calcium and d,l-palmitoylcarnitine required for the dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential and pore opening. Both effects were eliminated by the inhibitors of NO synthase, guanylate cyclase, and kinase G, which denotes the involvement of mtNOS-SS in the activation of respiration and deceleration of mPTP opening. At high concentrations, l-arginine and NO donors inhibited the respiration and promoted pore opening, indicating that adverse effects induced by an NO excess dominate over the protection provided by mtNOS-SS. Thus, these results demonstrate the opposite impact of NO and mtNOS-SS on the respiration and mPTP control, which can explain the dual effects of NO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir V Dynnik
- Department of Bioenergetics, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Puschino, Russia
| | - Elena V Grishina
- Department of Bioenergetics, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Puschino, Russia
| | - Nadezhda I Fedotcheva
- Department of Bioenergetics, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Puschino, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Gaviraghi A, Correa Soares JBR, Mignaco JA, Fontes CFL, Oliveira MF. Mitochondrial glycerol phosphate oxidation is modulated by adenylates through allosteric regulation of cytochrome c oxidase activity in mosquito flight muscle. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 114:103226. [PMID: 31446033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.103226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The huge energy demand posed by insect flight activity is met by an efficient oxidative phosphorylation process that takes place within flight muscle mitochondria. In the major arbovirus vector Aedes aegypti, mitochondrial oxidation of pyruvate, proline and glycerol 3-phosphate (G3P) represent the major energy sources of ATP to sustain flight muscle energy demand. Although adenylates exert critical regulatory effects on several mitochondrial enzyme activities, the potential consequences of altered adenylate levels to G3P oxidation remains to be determined. Here, we report that mitochondrial G3P oxidation is controlled by adenylates through allosteric regulation of cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity in A. aegypti flight muscle. We observed that ADP significantly activated respiratory rates linked to G3P oxidation, in a protonmotive force-independent manner. Kinetic analyses revealed that ADP activates respiration through a slightly cooperative mechanism. Despite adenylates caused no effects on G3P-cytochrome c oxidoreductase activity, COX activity was allosterically activated by ADP. Conversely, ATP exerted powerful inhibitory effects on respiratory rates linked to G3P oxidation and on COX activity. We also observed that high energy phosphate recycling mechanisms did not contribute to the regulatory effects of adenylates on COX activity or G3P oxidation. We conclude that mitochondrial G3P oxidation in A. aegypti flight muscle is regulated by adenylates through the allosteric modulation of COX activity, underscoring the bioenergetic relevance of this novel mechanism and the potential consequences for mosquito dispersal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Gaviraghi
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Resposta ao Estresse, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Juliana B R Correa Soares
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Resposta ao Estresse, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Julio A Mignaco
- Laboratório de Estrutura e Regulação de Proteínas e ATPases, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carlos Frederico L Fontes
- Laboratório de Estrutura e Regulação de Proteínas e ATPases, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcus F Oliveira
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Resposta ao Estresse, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Castellanos E, Lanning NJ. Phosphorylation of OXPHOS Machinery Subunits: Functional Implications in Cell Biology and Disease. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 92:523-531. [PMID: 31543713 PMCID: PMC6747953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The complexes of the electron transport chain and ATP synthase comprise the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system. The reactions of OXPHOS generate the mitochondrial membrane potential, drive the majority of ATP production in respiring cells, and contribute significantly to cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Regulation of OXPHOS is therefore critical to maintain cellular homeostasis. OXPHOS machinery subunits have been found to be highly phosphorylated, implicating this post-translational modification as a means whereby OXPHOS is regulated. Multiple lines of evidence now reveal the diverse mechanisms by which phosphorylation of OXPHOS machinery serve to regulate individual complex stability and activity as well as broader cellular functions. From these mechanistic studies of OXPHOS machinery phosphorylation, it is now clear that many aspects of human health and disease are potentially impacted by phosphorylation of OXPHOS complexes. This mini-review summarizes recent studies that provide robust mechanistic detail related to OXPHOS subunit phosphorylation.
Collapse
|