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Brown JL, Perisin MA, Swift CL, Benyamin M, Liu S, Singan V, Zhang Y, Savage E, Pennacchio C, Grigoriev IV, O'Malley MA. Co‑cultivation of anaerobic fungi with Clostridium acetobutylicum bolsters butyrate and butanol production from cellulose and lignocellulose. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 49:6823545. [PMID: 36367297 PMCID: PMC9923384 DOI: 10.1093/jimb/kuac024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A system for co-cultivation of anaerobic fungi with anaerobic bacteria was established based on lactate cross-feeding to produce butyrate and butanol from plant biomass. Several co-culture formulations were assembled that consisted of anaerobic fungi (Anaeromyces robustus, Neocallimastix californiae, or Caecomyces churrovis) with the bacterium Clostridium acetobutylicum. Co-cultures were grown simultaneously (e.g., 'one pot'), and compared to cultures where bacteria were cultured in fungal hydrolysate sequentially. Fungal hydrolysis of lignocellulose resulted in 7-11 mM amounts of glucose and xylose, as well as acetate, formate, ethanol, and lactate to support clostridial growth. Under these conditions, one-stage simultaneous co-culture of anaerobic fungi with C. acetobutylicum promoted the production of butyrate up to 30 mM. Alternatively, two-stage growth slightly promoted solventogenesis and elevated butanol levels (∼4-9 mM). Transcriptional regulation in the two-stage growth condition indicated that this cultivation method may decrease the time required to reach solventogenesis and induce the expression of cellulose-degrading genes in C. acetobutylicum due to relieved carbon-catabolite repression. Overall, this study demonstrates a proof of concept for biobutanol and bio-butyrate production from lignocellulose using an anaerobic fungal-bacterial co-culture system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Brown
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, Rm 3357 Engineering II, Santa Barbara, CA 93117, USA
| | - Matthew A Perisin
- Biological and Biotechnology Sciences Division, DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, 2800 Powder Mill Road, Adelphi, MD 20783, USA
| | - Candice L Swift
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, Rm 3357 Engineering II, Santa Barbara, CA 93117, USA
| | - Marcus Benyamin
- Biological and Biotechnology Sciences Division, DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, 2800 Powder Mill Road, Adelphi, MD 20783, USA
| | - Sanchao Liu
- Biological and Biotechnology Sciences Division, DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, 2800 Powder Mill Road, Adelphi, MD 20783, USA
| | - Vasanth Singan
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Emily Savage
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Christa Pennacchio
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Igor V Grigoriev
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA,Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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2
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Chang WL, Hou W, Xu M, Yang ST. High-rate continuous n-butanol production by Clostridium acetobutylicum from glucose and butyric acid in a single-pass fibrous bed bioreactor. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:3474-3486. [PMID: 36059064 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Biobutanol produced in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation at batch mode cannot compete with chemically derived butanol because of the low reactor productivity. Continuous fermentation can dramatically enhance productivity and lower capital and operating costs but are rarely used in industrial fermentation because of increased risks in culture degeneration, cell washout, and contamination. In this study, cells of the asporogenous Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC55025 were immobilized in a single-pass fibrous-bed bioreactor (FBB) for continuous production of butanol from glucose and butyrate at various dilution rates. Butyric acid in the feed medium helped maintaining cells in the solventogenic phase for stable continuous butanol production. At the dilution rate of 1.88 h-1 , butanol was produced at 9.55 g/L with a yield of 0.24 g/g and productivity of 16.8 g/L/h, which was the highest productivity ever achieved for biobutanol fermentation and an 80-fold improvement over the conventional ABE fermentation. The extremely high productivity was attributed to the high density of viable cells (~100 g/L at >70% viability) immobilized in the fibrous matrix, which also enabled the cells to better tolerate butanol and butyric acid. The FBB was stable for continuous operation for an extended period of over one month. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lun Chang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Wenjie Hou
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Mengmeng Xu
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Shang-Tian Yang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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3
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Calvo DC, Luna HJ, Arango JA, Torres CI, Rittmann BE. Determining global trends in syngas fermentation research through a bibliometric analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 307:114522. [PMID: 35066199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Syngas fermentation, in which microorganisms convert H2, CO, and CO2 to acids and alcohols, is a promising alternative for carbon cycling and valorization. The intellectual landscape of the topic was characterized through a bibliometric analysis using a search query (SQ) that included all relevant documents on syngas fermentation available through the Web of Science database up to December 31st, 2021. The SQ was validated with a preliminary analysis in bibliometrix and a review of titles and abstracts of all sources. Although syngas fermentation began in the early 1980s, it grew rapidly beginning in 2008, with 92.5% of total publications and 87.3% of total citations from 2008 to 2021. The field has been steadily moving from fundamentals towards applications, suggesting that the field is maturing scientifically. The greatest number of publications and citations are from the USA, and researchers in China, Germany, and Spain also are highly active. Although collaborations have increased in the past few years, author-cluster analysis shows specialized research domains with little collaboration between groups. Based on topic trends, the main challenges to be address are related to mass-transfer limitations, and researchers are starting to explore mixed cultures, genetic engineering, microbial chain elongation, and biorefineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana C Calvo
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, PO Box 85287-3005, USA; Biodesign Center for Health Through Microbiomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, PO Box 85287-3005, USA.
| | - Hector J Luna
- Grupo GRESIA, Department of Environmental Engineering, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, 110231, Colombia; Environmental and Chemical Technology Group, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus University, Campus Universitario, Brazil
| | - Jineth A Arango
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, 2362803, Chile.
| | - Cesar I Torres
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, PO Box 85287-3005, USA.
| | - Bruce E Rittmann
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, PO Box 85287-3005, USA.
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4
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Abstract
Abstract
In the last decade, there was observed a growing demand for both n-butanol as a potential fuel or fuel additive, and propylene as the only raw material for production of alcohol and other more bulky propylene chemical derivatives with faster growing outputs (polymers, propylene oxide, and acrylic acid). The predictable oilfield depletion and the European Green Deal adoption stimulated interest in alternative processes for n-butanol production, especially those involving bio-based materials. Their commercialization will promote additional market penetration of n-butanol for its application as a basic chemical. We analyze briefly the current status of two most advanced bio-based processes, i.e. ethanol–to-n-butanol and acetone–butanol–ethanol (ABE) fermentation. In the second part of the review, studies of n-butanol and ABE conversion to valuable products are considered with an emphasis on the most perspective catalytic systems and variants of the future processes realization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Pinaeva
- Department of Technology of Catalytic Processes, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Alexandr Noskov
- Department of Technology of Catalytic Processes, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
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5
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He Y, Lens PNL, Veiga MC, Kennes C. Selective butanol production from carbon monoxide by an enriched anaerobic culture. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150579. [PMID: 34582872 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
An anaerobic mixed culture able to grow on pure carbon monoxide (CO) as well as syngas (CO, CO2 and H2), that produced unusual high concentrations of butanol, was enriched in a bioreactor with intermittent CO gas feeding. At pH 6.2, it mainly produced acids, generally acetic and butyric acid. After adaptation, under stress conditions of CO exposure at a partial pressure of 1.8 bar and low pH (e.g., 5.7), the enrichment accumulated ethanol, but also high amounts of butanol, up to 6.8 g/L, never reported before, with a high butanol/butyric acid molar ratio of 12.6, highlighting the high level of acid to alcohol conversion. At the end of the assay, both the acetic acid and ethanol concentrations decreased, with concomitant butyric acid production, suggesting C2 to C4 acid bioconversion, though this was not a dominant bioconversion process. The reverse reaction of ethanol oxidation to acetic acid was observed in the presence of CO2 produced during CO fermentation. Interestingly, butanol oxidation with simultaneous butyric acid production occurred upon production of CO2 from CO, which has to the best of our knowledge never been reported. Although the sludge inoculum contained a few known solventogenic Clostridia, the relative taxonomic abundance of the enriched sludge was diverse in Clostridia and Bacilli classes, containing known solventogens, e.g., Clostridium ljungdhalii, Clostridium ragsdalei and Clostridium coskatii, confirming their efficient enrichment. The relative abundance of unassigned Clostridium species amounted to 27% with presumably novel ethanol/butanol producers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxue He
- Chemical Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Center for Advanced Scientific Research (CICA), BIOENGIN Group, University of La Coruña (UDC), E-15008 La Coruña, Spain; National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Piet N L Lens
- National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - María C Veiga
- Chemical Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Center for Advanced Scientific Research (CICA), BIOENGIN Group, University of La Coruña (UDC), E-15008 La Coruña, Spain
| | - Christian Kennes
- Chemical Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Center for Advanced Scientific Research (CICA), BIOENGIN Group, University of La Coruña (UDC), E-15008 La Coruña, Spain.
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6
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Wood JC, Marcellin E, Plan MR, Virdis B. High methanol-to-formate ratios induce butanol production in Eubacterium limosum. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 15:1542-1549. [PMID: 34841673 PMCID: PMC9049608 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike gaseous C1 feedstocks for acetogenic bacteria, there has been less attention on liquid C1 feedstocks, despite benefits in terms of energy efficiency, mass transfer and integration within existing fermentation infrastructure. Here, we present growth of Eubacterium limosum ATCC8486 using methanol and formate as substrates, finding evidence for the first time of native butanol production. We varied ratios of methanol‐to‐formate in batch serum bottle fermentations, showing butyrate is the major product (maximum specific rate 220 ± 23 mmol‐C gDCW‐1day‐1). Increasing this ratio showed methanol is the key feedstock driving the product spectrum towards more reduced products, such as butanol (maximum titre 2.0 ± 1.1 mM‐C). However, both substrates are required for a high growth rate (maximum 0.19 ± 0.011 h‐1) and cell density (maximum 1.2 ± 0.043 gDCW l‐1), with formate being the preferred substrate. In fact, formate and methanol are consumed in two distinct growth phases – growth phase 1, on predominately formate and growth phase 2 on methanol, which must balance. Because the second growth varied according to the first growth on formate, this suggests butanol production is due to overflow metabolism, similar to 2,3‐butanediol production in other acetogens. However, further research is required to confirm the butanol production pathway in E. limosum, particularly given, unlike other substrates, methanol likely results in mostly NADH generation, not reduced ferredoxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamin C Wood
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - Esteban Marcellin
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia.,Metabolomics Australia (Queensland node), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - Manuel R Plan
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia.,Metabolomics Australia (Queensland node), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - Bernardino Virdis
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia
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7
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Rivalland C, Radouani F, Gonzalez-Rizzo S, Robert F, Salvin P. Enrichment of Clostridia enhances Geobacter population and electron harvesting in a complex electroactive biofilm. Bioelectrochemistry 2021; 143:107954. [PMID: 34624726 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Current research on microbial fuel cell or microbial electrolysis cell dealt with finding new electroactive bacteria and understanding the mechanisms of electronic exchange. Complex consortia allowed to obtain better performances than pure cultures in part thanks to inter-species cooperation. However, the role of each bacterium in a complex biofilm in the electron harvest on an electrode remains unclear. Thus, we combined electrochemical monitoring of electron exchange and high throughput sequencing analysis in order to describe the bacterial composition and the electroactive performance of mangrove mud biofilms. In this study, secondary electroactive biofilms were formed on carbon electrodes from Desulfuromonas-dominated inoculum of pre-formed bioanodes. The performances and the Desulfuromonas-dominated profile were the same as those of primary bioanodes when the planktonic community was conserved. However, a Clostridium enrichment allowed to restore the performance in maximal current densities promoting an increase of Geobacter population, becoming the most dominant group among the Deltaproteobacteria, replacing Desulfuromonas. These results highlight a positive collaboration between Clostridium and Geobacter spp. helping a bacterial population to achieve with the depletion of their environment. Our study provides new insight into relationships between dominant electroactive bacteria and other bacteria species living in an organic matter-rich environment as mangrove sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Rivalland
- Laboratoire des Matériaux et Molécules en Milieu Agressif L3MA EA7526, UFR STE, Université des Antilles, Schœlcher, France
| | - Fatima Radouani
- Laboratoire des Matériaux et Molécules en Milieu Agressif L3MA EA7526, UFR STE, Université des Antilles, Schœlcher, France
| | - Silvina Gonzalez-Rizzo
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Florent Robert
- Laboratoire des Matériaux et Molécules en Milieu Agressif L3MA EA7526, UFR STE, Université des Antilles, Schœlcher, France
| | - Paule Salvin
- Laboratoire des Matériaux et Molécules en Milieu Agressif L3MA EA7526, UFR STE, Université des Antilles, Schœlcher, France.
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8
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Metabolic engineering for the production of butanol, a potential advanced biofuel, from renewable resources. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 48:2283-2293. [PMID: 32897293 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Butanol is an important chemical and potential fuel. For more than 100 years, acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation of Clostridium strains has been the most successful process for biological butanol production. In recent years, other microbes have been engineered to produce butanol as well, among which Escherichia coli was the best one. Considering the crude oil price fluctuation, minimizing the cost of butanol production is of highest priority for its industrial application. Therefore, using cheaper feedstocks instead of pure sugars is an important project. In this review, we summarized butanol production from different renewable resources, such as industrial and food waste, lignocellulosic biomass, syngas and other renewable resources. This review will present the current progress in this field and provide insights for further engineering efforts on renewable butanol production.
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9
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Wood JC, Grové J, Marcellin E, Heffernan JK, Hu S, Yuan Z, Virdis B. Strategies to improve viability of a circular carbon bioeconomy-A techno-economic review of microbial electrosynthesis and gas fermentation. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 201:117306. [PMID: 34153823 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A circular carbon bioeconomy has potential to halt atmospheric accumulation of greenhouse gases causing climate change and sustainably produce chemical, agricultural and fuel products. Here, we report application of a simplified technoeconomic assessment to critically review two approaches in this space - microbial electrosynthesis and gas fermentation. For microbial electrosynthesis, decoupling of surface-dependant abiotic process for electron delivery from volume-dependant biotic carbon fixation, is shown as the only economically viable strategy to scale-up due to comparatively low biofilm electron consumption rate. This is effectively an electrolyser-assisted gas fermentation system. Targeting high-value products, such as protein for human food consumption is one of the few pathways forward for electrolyser-assisted gas fermentation. Alternatively, gas fermentation of reformed biogas presents an interesting and potentially more sustainable implementation pathway to improve economic viability of chemicals. This critical review suggests linking water treatment resource recovery with gas fermentation is attractive for bioplastics and butanol in terms of competitiveness and market demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamin C Wood
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Johannes Grové
- Energy & Poverty Group, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Esteban Marcellin
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; Queensland Node of Metabolomics Australia, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - James K Heffernan
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Shihu Hu
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Bernardino Virdis
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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10
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Bao T, Hou W, Wu X, Lu L, Zhang X, Yang ST. Engineering Clostridium cellulovorans for highly selective n-butanol production from cellulose in consolidated bioprocessing. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:2703-2718. [PMID: 33844271 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cellulosic n-butanol from renewable lignocellulosic biomass has gained increased interest. Previously, we have engineered Clostridium cellulovorans, a cellulolytic acidogen, to overexpress the bifunctional butyraldehyde/butanol dehydrogenase gene adhE2 from C. acetobutylicum for n-butanol production from crystalline cellulose. However, butanol production by this engineered strain had a relatively low yield of approximately 0.22 g/g cellulose due to the coproduction of ethanol and acids. We hypothesized that strengthening the carbon flux through the central butyryl-CoA biosynthesis pathway and increasing intracellular NADH availability in C. cellulovorans adhE2 would enhance n-butanol production. In this study, thiolase (thlACA ) from C. acetobutylicum and 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase (hbdCT ) from C. tyrobutyricum were overexpressed in C. cellulovorans adhE2 to increase the flux from acetyl-CoA to butyryl-CoA. In addition, ferredoxin-NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase (fnr), which can regenerate the intracellular NAD(P)H and thus increase butanol biosynthesis, was also overexpressed. Metabolic flux analyses showed that mutants overexpressing these genes had a significantly increased carbon flux toward butyryl-CoA, which resulted in increased production of butyrate and butanol. The addition of methyl viologen as an electron carrier in batch fermentation further directed more carbon flux towards n-butanol biosynthesis due to increased reducing equivalent or NADH. The engineered strain C. cellulovorans adhE2-fnrCA -thlACA -hbdCT produced n-butanol from cellulose at a 50% higher yield (0.34 g/g), the highest ever obtained in batch fermentation by any known bacterial strain. The engineered C. cellulovorans is thus a promising host for n-butanol production from cellulosic biomass in consolidated bioprocessing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Bao
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Wenjie Hou
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shanxi, China
| | - Xuefeng Wu
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Li Lu
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Xian Zhang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shang-Tian Yang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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11
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Li W, Cheng C, Cao G, Yang ST, Ren N. Comparative transcriptome analysis of Clostridium tyrobutyricum expressing a heterologous uptake hydrogenase. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 749:142022. [PMID: 33370888 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Clostridium tyrobutyricum is a promising microbial cell factory to produce biofuels. In this study, an uptake hydrogenase (hyd2293) from Ethanoligenens harbinense was overexpressed in C. tyrobutyricum and significantly affected the redox reactions and metabolic profiles. Compared to the parental strain (Ct-WT), the mutant strain Ct-Hyd2293 produced ~34% less butyrate, ~148% more acetate, and ~11% less hydrogen, accompanied by the emerging genesis of butanol. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that 666 genes were significantly differentially expressed after the overexpression of hyd2293, including 82 up-regulated genes and 584 down-regulated genes. The up-regulated genes were mainly involved in carbohydrate and energy metabolisms while the down-regulated genes were distributed in nearly all pathways. Genes involved in glucose transportation, glycolysis, different fermentation pathways and hydrogen metabolism were studied and the gene expression changes showed the mechanism of the metabolic flux redistribution in Ct-Hyd2293. The overexpression of uptake hydrogenase redirected electrons from hydrogen and butyrate to butanol. The key enzymes participating in the energy conservation and sporulation were also identified and their transcription levels were generally reduced. This study demonstrated the transcriptomic responses of C. tyrobutyricum to the expression of a heterologous uptake hydrogenase, which provided a better understanding of the metabolic characteristics of C. tyrobutyricum and demonstrated the potential role of redox manipulation in metabolic engineering for biofuel productions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Chi Cheng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Guangli Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shang-Tian Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Nanqi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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12
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Lakhssassi N, Baharlouei A, Meksem J, Hamilton-Brehm SD, Lightfoot DA, Meksem K, Liang Y. EMS-Induced Mutagenesis of Clostridium carboxidivorans for Increased Atmospheric CO 2 Reduction Efficiency and Solvent Production. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8081239. [PMID: 32824093 PMCID: PMC7464951 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8081239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Clostridium carboxidivorans (P7) is one of the most important solvent-producing bacteria capable of fermenting syngas (CO, CO2, and H2) to produce chemical commodities when grown as an autotroph. This study aimed to develop ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-induced P7 mutants that were capable of growing in the presence of CO2 as a unique source of carbon with increased solvent formation and atmospheric CO2 reduction to limit global warming. Phenotypic analysis including growth and end product characterization of the P7 wild type (WT) demonstrated that this strain grew better at 25 °C than 37 °C when CO2 served as the only source of carbon. In the current study, 55 mutagenized P7-EMS mutants were developed by using 100 mM and 120 mM EMS. Interestingly, using a forward genetic approach, three out of the 55 P7-EMS mutants showed a significant increase in ethanol, butyrate, and butanol production. The three P7-EMS mutants presented on average a 4.68-fold increase in concentrations of ethanol when compared to the P7-WT. Butyric acid production from 3 P7-EMS mutants contained an average of a 3.85 fold increase over the levels observed in the P7-WT cultures under the same conditions (CO2 only). In addition, one P7-EMS mutant presented butanol production (0.23 ± 0.02 g/L), which was absent from the P7-WT under CO2 conditions. Most of the P7-EMS mutants showed stability of the obtained end product traits after three transfers. Most importantly, the amount of reduced atmospheric CO2 increased up to 8.72 times (0.21 g/Abs) for ethanol production and up to 8.73 times higher (0.16 g/Abs) for butyrate than the levels contained in the P7-WT. Additionally, to produce butanol, the P7-EMSIII-J mutant presented 0.082 g/Abs of CO2 reduction. This study demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of employing EMS mutagenesis in generating solvent-producing anaerobic bacteria mutants with improved and novel product formation and increased atmospheric CO2 reduction efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoufal Lakhssassi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1230 Lincoln Drive, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA; (N.L.); (A.B.)
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Agricultural Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA;
| | - Azam Baharlouei
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1230 Lincoln Drive, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA; (N.L.); (A.B.)
| | - Jonas Meksem
- Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA;
| | | | - David A. Lightfoot
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Agricultural Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA;
| | - Khalid Meksem
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Agricultural Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA;
- Correspondence: (K.M.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yanna Liang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1230 Lincoln Drive, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA; (N.L.); (A.B.)
- Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, 1400 Washington Ave, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY 12222, USA
- Correspondence: (K.M.); (Y.L.)
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Recent advances in n-butanol and butyrate production using engineered Clostridium tyrobutyricum. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 36:138. [PMID: 32794091 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-02914-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acidogenic clostridia naturally producing acetic and butyric acids has attracted high interest as a novel host for butyrate and n-butanol production. Among them, Clostridium tyrobutyricum is a hyper butyrate-producing bacterium, which re-assimilates acetate for butyrate biosynthesis by butyryl-CoA/acetate CoA transferase (CoAT), rather than the phosphotransbutyrylase-butyrate kinase (PTB-BK) pathway widely found in clostridia and other microbial species. To date, C. tyrobutyricum has been engineered to overexpress a heterologous alcohol/aldehyde dehydrogenase, which converts butyryl-CoA to n-butanol. Compared to conventional solventogenic clostridia, which produce acetone, ethanol, and butanol in a biphasic fermentation process, the engineered C. tyrobutyricum with a high metabolic flux toward butyryl-CoA produced n-butanol at a high yield of > 0.30 g/g and titer of > 20 g/L in glucose fermentation. With no acetone production and a high C4/C2 ratio, butanol was the only major fermentation product by the recombinant C. tyrobutyricum, allowing simplified downstream processing for product purification. In this review, novel metabolic engineering strategies to improve n-butanol and butyrate production by C. tyrobutyricum from various substrates, including glucose, xylose, galactose, sucrose, and cellulosic hydrolysates containing the mixture of glucose and xylose, are discussed. Compared to other recombinant hosts such as Clostridium acetobutylicum and Escherichia coli, the engineered C. tyrobutyricum strains with higher butyrate and butanol titers, yields and productivities are the most promising hosts for potential industrial applications.
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Cheng C, Liu F, Yang HK, Xiao K, Xue C, Yang ST. High-Performance n-Butanol Recovery from Aqueous Solution by Pervaporation with a PDMS Mixed Matrix Membrane Filled with Zeolite. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b06104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Cheng
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Fangfang Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Hopen K. Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Kaijun Xiao
- College of Light Industry and Food Science, South China University of Technology, Guangdong 510641, China
| | - Chuang Xue
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Shang-Tian Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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Deciphering mixotrophic Clostridium formicoaceticum metabolism and energy conservation: Genomic analysis and experimental studies. Genomics 2019; 111:1687-1694. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2018.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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16
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Huang J, Du Y, Bao T, Lin M, Wang J, Yang ST. Production of n-butanol from cassava bagasse hydrolysate by engineered Clostridium tyrobutyricum overexpressing adhE2: Kinetics and cost analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 292:121969. [PMID: 31415989 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The production of biofuels such as butanol is usually limited by the availability of inexpensive raw materials and high substrate cost. Using food crops as feedstock in the biorefinery industry has been criticized for its competition with food supply, causing food shortage and increased food prices. In this study, cassava bagasse as an abundant, renewable, and inexpensive byproduct from the cassava starch industry was used for n-butanol production. Cassava bagasse hydrolysate containing mainly glucose was obtained after treatments with dilute acid and enzymes (glucoamylases and cellulases) and then supplemented with corn steep liquor for use as substrate in repeated-batch fermentation with engineered Clostridium tyrobutyricum CtΔack-adhE2 in a fibrous-bed bioreactor. Stable butanol production with high titer (>15.0 g/L), yield (>0.30 g/g), and productivity (~0.3 g/L∙h) was achieved, demonstrating the feasibility of an economically competitive process for n-butanol production from cassava bagasse for industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yinming Du
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Teng Bao
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Meng Lin
- Bioprocessing Innovative Company, 4734 Bridle Path Ct., Dublin, OH 43017, USA
| | - Jufang Wang
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shang-Tian Yang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Li J, Du Y, Bao T, Dong J, Lin M, Shim H, Yang ST. n-Butanol production from lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates without detoxification by Clostridium tyrobutyricum Δack-adhE2 in a fibrous-bed bioreactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 289:121749. [PMID: 31323711 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation suffers from high substrate cost and low butanol titer and yield. In this study, engineered Clostridium tyrobutyricum CtΔack-adhE2 immobilized in a fibrous-bed bioreactor was used for butanol production from glucose and xylose present in the hydrolysates of low-cost lignocellulosic biomass including corn fiber, cotton stalk, soybean hull, and sugarcane bagasse. The biomass hydrolysates obtained after acid pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis were supplemented with corn steep liquor and used in repeated-batch fermentations. Butanol production with high titer (∼15 g/L), yield (∼0.3 g/g), and productivity (∼0.3 g/L∙h) was obtained from cotton stalk, soybean hull, and sugarcane bagasse hydrolysates, while corn fiber hydrolysate with higher inhibitor contents gave somewhat inferior results. The fermentation process was stable for long-term operation without any noticeable degeneration, demonstrating its potential for industrial application. A techno-economic analysis showed that n-butanol could be produced from lignocellulosic biomass using this novel fermentation process at ∼$2.5/gal for biofuel application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- College of Biology & Engineering, Hebei University of Economics & Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, PR China; William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yinming Du
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Teng Bao
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jie Dong
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Meng Lin
- Bioprocessing Innovative Company, 4734 Bridle Path Ct., Dublin, OH 43017, USA
| | - Hojae Shim
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, PR China
| | - Shang-Tian Yang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Jiang Y, Lv Y, Wu R, Sui Y, Chen C, Xin F, Zhou J, Dong W, Jiang M. Current status and perspectives on biobutanol production using lignocellulosic feedstocks. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2019.100245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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19
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Cheng C, Lin M, Jiang W, Zhao J, Li W, Yang ST. Development of an in vivo fluorescence based gene expression reporter system for Clostridium tyrobutyricum. J Biotechnol 2019; 305:18-22. [PMID: 31472166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
C. tyrobutyricum, an acidogenic Clostridium, has aroused increasing interest due to its potential to produce biofuel efficiently. However, construction of recombinant C. tyrobutyricum for enhanced biofuel production has been impeded by the limited genetic engineering tools. In this study, a flavin mononucleotide (FMN)-dependent fluorescent protein Bs2-based gene expression reporter system was developed to monitor transformation and explore in vivo strength and regulation of various promoters in C. tyrobutyricum and C. acetobutylicum. Unlike green fluorescent protein (GFP) and its variants, Bs2 can emit green light without oxygen, which makes it extremely suitable for promoter screening and transformation confirmation in organisms grown anaerobically. The expression levels of bs2 under thiolase promoters from C. tyrobutyricum and C. acetobutylicum were measured and compared based on fluorescence intensities. The capacities of the two promoters in driving secondary alcohol dehydrogenase (adh) gene for isopropanol production in C. tyrobutyricum were distinguished, confirming that this reporter system is a convenient, effective and reliable tool for promoter strength assay and real time monitoring in C. tyrobutyricum, while demonstrating the feasibility of producing isopropanol in C. tyrobutyricum for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Cheng
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Meng Lin
- Bioprocessing Innovative Company, 4734 Bridle Path Ct., Dublin, OH 43017, USA
| | - Wenyan Jiang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jingbo Zhao
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Weiming Li
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shang-Tian Yang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Bao T, Zhao J, Li J, Liu X, Yang ST. n-Butanol and ethanol production from cellulose by Clostridium cellulovorans overexpressing heterologous aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenases. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 285:121316. [PMID: 30959389 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
With high cellulolytic and acetic/butyric acids production abilities, Clostridium cellulovorans is promising for use to produce cellulosic n-butanol. Here, we introduced three different aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenases encoded by bdhB, adhE1, and adhE2 from Clostridium acetobutylicum into C. cellulovorans and studied their effects on ethanol and n-butanol production. Compared to AdhE2, AdhE1 was more specific for n-butanol biosynthesis over ethanol. Co-expressing adhE1 with bdhB produced a comparable amount of butanol but significantly less ethanol, leading to a high butanol/ethanol ratio of 7.0 and 5.6 (g/g) in glucose and cellulose fermentation, respectively. Co-expressing adhE1 or adhE2 with bdhB did not increase butanol production because the activity of BdhB was limited by the NADPH availability in C. cellulovorans. Overall, the strain overexpressing adhE2 alone produced the most n-butanol (4.0 g/L, yield: 0.22 ± 0.01 g/g). Based on the insights from this study, further metabolic engineering of C. cellulovorans for cellulosic n-butanol production is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Bao
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jingbo Zhao
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jing Li
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; College of Biology & Engineering, Hebei University of Economics & Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, PR China
| | - Xin Liu
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Shang-Tian Yang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Cheng C, Li W, Lin M, Yang ST. Metabolic engineering of Clostridium carboxidivorans for enhanced ethanol and butanol production from syngas and glucose. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 284:415-423. [PMID: 30965197 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.03.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Clostridium carboxidivorans can convert CO2, CO and H2 to ethanol and n-butanol; however, its industrial application is limited by the lack of tools for metabolic pathway engineering. In this study, C. carboxidivorans was successfully engineered to overexpress aor, adhE2, and fnr together with adhE2 or aor. In glucose fermentation, all engineered strains showed higher alcohol yields compared to the wild-type. Strains overexpressing aor showed CO2 re-assimilation during heterotrophic growth. In syngas fermentation, compared to the wild-type, the strain overexpressing adhE2 produced ∼50% more ethanol and the strain overexpressing adhE2 and fnr produced ∼18% more butanol and ∼22% more ethanol. Interestingly, both strains showed obvious acid re-assimilation, with <0.15 g/L total acid remaining at the end of fermentation. Overexpressing fnr with adhE2 enhanced butanol production compared to only adhE2. This is the first report of overexpressing homologous and heterologous genes in C. carboxidivorans for enhancing alcohols production from syngas and glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Cheng
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Weiming Li
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Meng Lin
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Shang-Tian Yang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Engineering Clostridium for improved solvent production: recent progress and perspective. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:5549-5566. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09916-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Development of a shuttle plasmid without host restriction sites for efficient transformation and heterologous gene expression in Clostridium cellulovorans. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:5391-5400. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09882-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Improved n-Butanol Production from Clostridium cellulovorans by Integrated Metabolic and Evolutionary Engineering. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.02560-18. [PMID: 30658972 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02560-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Clostridium cellulovorans DSM 743B offers potential as a chassis strain for biomass refining by consolidated bioprocessing (CBP). However, its n-butanol production from lignocellulosic biomass has yet to be demonstrated. This study demonstrates the construction of a coenzyme A (CoA)-dependent acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) pathway in C. cellulovorans by introducing adhE1 and ctfA-ctfB-adc genes from Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824, which enabled it to produce n-butanol using the abundant and low-cost agricultural waste of alkali-extracted, deshelled corn cobs (AECC) as the sole carbon source. Then, a novel adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) approach was adapted to strengthen the n-butanol tolerance of C. cellulovorans to fully utilize its n-butanol output potential. To further improve n-butanol production, both metabolic engineering and evolutionary engineering were combined, using the evolved strain as a host for metabolic engineering. The n-butanol production from AECC of the engineered C. cellulovorans was increased 138-fold, from less than 0.025 g/liter to 3.47 g/liter. This method represents a milestone toward n-butanol production by CBP, using a single recombinant clostridium strain. The engineered strain offers a promising CBP-enabling microbial chassis for n-butanol fermentation from lignocellulose.IMPORTANCE Due to a lack of genetic tools, Clostridium cellulovorans DSM 743B has not been comprehensively explored as a putative strain platform for n-butanol production by consolidated bioprocessing (CBP). Based on the previous study of genetic tools, strain engineering of C. cellulovorans for the development of a CBP-enabling microbial chassis was demonstrated in this study. Metabolic engineering and evolutionary engineering were integrated to improve the n-butanol production of C. cellulovorans from the low-cost renewable agricultural waste of alkali-extracted, deshelled corn cobs (AECC). The n-butanol production from AECC was increased 138-fold, from less than 0.025 g/liter to 3.47 g/liter, which represents the highest titer of n-butanol produced using a single recombinant clostridium strain by CBP reported to date. This engineered strain serves as a promising chassis for n-butanol production from lignocellulose by CBP.
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Applications of Emerging Bioelectrochemical Technologies in Agricultural Systems: A Current Review. ENERGIES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/en11112951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Background: Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) are emerging energy-effective and environment-friendly technologies. Different applications of BESs are able to effectively minimize wastes and treat wastewater while simultaneously recovering electricity, biohydrogen and other value-added chemicals via specific redox reactions. Although there are many studies that have greatly advanced the performance of BESs over the last decade, research and reviews on agriculture-relevant applications of BESs are very limited. Considering the increasing demand for food, energy and water due to human population expansion, novel technologies are urgently needed to promote productivity and sustainability in agriculture. Methodology: This review study is based on an extensive literature search regarding agriculture-related BES studies mainly in the last decades (i.e., 2009–2018). The databases used in this review study include Scopus, Google Scholar and Web of Science. The current and future applications of bioelectrochemical technologies in agriculture have been discussed. Findings/Conclusions: BESs have the potential to recover considerable amounts of electric power and energy chemicals from agricultural wastes and wastewater. The recovered energy can be used to reduce the energy input into agricultural systems. Other resources and value-added chemicals such as biofuels, plant nutrients and irrigation water can also be produced in BESs. In addition, BESs may replace unsustainable batteries to power remote sensors or be designed as biosensors for agricultural monitoring. The possible applications to produce food without sunlight and remediate contaminated soils using BESs have also been discussed. At the same time, agricultural wastes can also be processed into construction materials or biochar electrodes/electrocatalysts for reducing the high costs of current BESs. Future studies should evaluate the long-term performance and stability of on-farm BES applications.
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Jiang L, Fu H, Yang HK, Xu W, Wang J, Yang ST. Butyric acid: Applications and recent advances in its bioproduction. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:2101-2117. [PMID: 30266343 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Butyric acid is an important C4 organic acid with broad applications. It is currently produced by chemosynthesis from petroleum-based feedstocks. However, the fermentative production of butyric acid from renewable feedstocks has received growing attention because of consumer demand for green products and natural ingredients in foods, pharmaceuticals, animal feed supplements, and cosmetics. In this review, strategies for improving microbial butyric acid production, including strain engineering and novel fermentation process development are discussed and compared regarding product yield, titer, purity and productivity. Future perspectives on strain and process improvements for butyric acid production are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Jiang
- School of Biology & Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5 Xinmofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hongxin Fu
- School of Biology & Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hopen K Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Jufang Wang
- School of Biology & Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Shang-Tian Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Jiang Y, Guo D, Lu J, Dürre P, Dong W, Yan W, Zhang W, Ma J, Jiang M, Xin F. Consolidated bioprocessing of butanol production from xylan by a thermophilic and butanologenic Thermoanaerobacterium sp. M5. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:89. [PMID: 29619085 PMCID: PMC5879998 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1092-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) has attracted increasing attention since it can accomplish hydrolytic enzymes production, lignocellulose degradation and microbial fermentation in one single step. Currently, biobutanol is mainly produced by mesophilic and solventogenic clostridia, such as Clostridium beijerinckii and C. acetobutylicum, which cannot directly utilize lignocellulose, an abundant, renewable and economic feedstock. Hence, metabolic construction or isolation of novel cellulolytic/hemicellulolytic and solventogenic bacteria to achieve direct butanol production from lignocellulose offers a promising alternative. RESULTS In this study, a newly isolated Thermoanaerobacterium sp. M5 could directly produce butanol from xylan through CBP at 55 °C via the butanol-ethanol pathway. Further genomic and proteomic analysis showed that the capabilities of efficient xylan degradation and butanol synthesis were attributed to the efficient expression of xylanase, β-xylosidase and the bifunctional alcohol/aldehyde dehydrogenase (AdhE). Process optimization based on the characteristic of AdhE could further improve the final butanol titer to 1.17 g/L from xylan through CBP. Furthermore, a new co-cultivation system consisting of Thermoanaerobacterium sp. M5 which could release xylose from xylan efficiently and C. acetobutylicum NJ4 which possesses the capacity of high butanol production was established. This microbial co-cultivation system could improve the butanol titer to 8.34 g/L, representing the highest butanol titer from xylan through CBP. CONCLUSIONS A newly thermophilic and butanogenic bacterium Thermoanaerobacterium sp. M5 was isolated and key enzymes responsible for butanol production were characterized in this study. High butanol titer was obtained from xylan through process optimization. In addition, the newly set up microbial co-cultivation system, consisting of Thermoanaerobacterium sp. M5 and C. acetobutylicum NJ4, achieved the highest butanol production from xylan compared with the reported co-cultivation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211800 People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211800 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiasheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211800 People’s Republic of China
| | - Peter Dürre
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Weiliang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211800 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211800 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211800 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangfeng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211800 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800 People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211800 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800 People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengxue Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211800 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800 People’s Republic of China
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Li T, Zhang C, Yang KL, He J. Unique genetic cassettes in a Thermoanaerobacterium contribute to simultaneous conversion of cellulose and monosugars into butanol. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2018; 4:e1701475. [PMID: 29740597 PMCID: PMC5938282 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1701475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The demand for cellulosic biofuels is on the rise because of the anticipation for sustainable energy and less greenhouse gas emissions in the future. However, production of cellulosic biofuels, especially cellulosic butanol, has been hampered by the lack of potent microbes that are capable of converting cellulosic biomass into biofuels. We report a wild-type Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum strain TG57, which is capable of using microcrystalline cellulose directly to produce butanol (1.93 g/liter) as the only final product (without any acetone or ethanol produced), comparable to that of engineered microbes thus far. Strain TG57 exhibits significant advances including unique genes responsible for a new butyrate synthesis pathway, no carbon catabolite repression, and the absence of genes responsible for acetone synthesis (which is observed as the main by-product in most Clostridium strains known today). Furthermore, the use of glucose analog 2-deoxyglucose posed a selection pressure to facilitate isolation of strain TG57 with deletion/silencing of carbon catabolite repressor genes-the ccr and xylR genes-and thus is able to simultaneously ferment glucose, xylose, and arabinose to produce butanol (7.33 g/liter) as the sole solvent. Combined analysis of genomic and transcriptomic data revealed unusual aspects of genome organization, numerous determinants for unique bioconversions, regulation of central metabolic pathways, and distinct transcriptomic profiles. This study provides a genome-level understanding of how cellulose is metabolized by T. thermosaccharolyticum and sheds light on the potential of competitive and sustainable biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinggang Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576
| | - Kun-Lin Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576
| | - Jianzhong He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576
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Azimi H, Tezel FH, Thibault J. The impact of pH on VLE, pervaporation, and adsorption of butyric acid in dilute solutions. CAN J CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Azimi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; University of Ottawa; Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - F. Handan Tezel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; University of Ottawa; Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Jules Thibault
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; University of Ottawa; Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5 Canada
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Xu M, Zhao J, Yu L, Yang ST. Comparative genomic analysis of Clostridium acetobutylicum for understanding the mutations contributing to enhanced butanol tolerance and production. J Biotechnol 2017; 263:36-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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31
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Ou J, Xu N, Ernst P, Ma C, Bush M, Goh K, Zhao J, Zhou L, Yang ST, Liu X(M. Process engineering of cellulosic n-butanol production from corn-based biomass using Clostridium cellulovorans. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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32
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Lu C, Yu L, Varghese S, Yu M, Yang ST. Enhanced robustness in acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation with engineered Clostridium beijerinckii overexpressing adhE2 and ctfAB. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 243:1000-1008. [PMID: 28747008 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Clostridium beijerinckii CC101 was engineered to overexpress aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase (adhE2) and CoA-transferase (ctfAB). Solvent production and acid assimilation were compared between the parental and engineered strains expressing only adhE2 (CC101-SV4) and expressing adhE2, ald and ctfAB (CC101-SV6). CC101-SV4 showed an early butanol production from glucose but stopped pre-maturely at a low butanol concentration of ∼6g/L. Compared to CC101, CC101-SV6 produced more butanol (∼12g/L) from glucose and was able to re-assimilate more acids, which prevented "acid crash" and increased butanol production, under all conditions studied. CC101-SV6 also showed better ability in using glucose and xylose present in sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate, and produced 9.4g/L solvents (acetone, butanol and ethanol) compared to only 2.6g/L by CC101, confirming its robustness and better tolerance to hydrolysate inhibitors. The engineered strain of C. beijerinckii overexpressing adhE2 and ctfAB should have good potential for producing butanol from lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Lu
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Le Yu
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Saju Varghese
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Mingrui Yu
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Shang-Tian Yang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, United States.
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Fu H, Yang ST, Wang M, Wang J, Tang IC. Butyric acid production from lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates by engineered Clostridium tyrobutyricum overexpressing xylose catabolism genes for glucose and xylose co-utilization. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 234:389-396. [PMID: 28343058 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Clostridium tyrobutyricum can utilize glucose and xylose as carbon source for butyric acid production. However, xylose catabolism is inhibited by glucose, hampering butyric acid production from lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates containing both glucose and xylose. In this study, an engineered strain of C. tyrobutyricum Ct-pTBA overexpressing heterologous xylose catabolism genes (xylT, xylA, and xylB) was investigated for co-utilizing glucose and xylose present in hydrolysates of plant biomass, including soybean hull, corn fiber, wheat straw, rice straw, and sugarcane bagasse. Compared to the wild-type strain, Ct-pTBA showed higher xylose utilization without significant glucose catabolite repression, achieving near 100% utilization of glucose and xylose present in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates in bioreactor at pH 6. About 42.6g/L butyrate at a productivity of 0.56g/L·h and yield of 0.36g/g was obtained in batch fermentation, demonstrating the potential of C. tyrobutyricum Ct-pTBA for butyric acid production from lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin Fu
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Shang-Tian Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Minqi Wang
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jufang Wang
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - I-Ching Tang
- Bioprocessing Innovative Company, 4734 Bridle Path Ct., Dublin, OH 43017, USA
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34
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Zhang J, Yu L, Lin M, Yan Q, Yang ST. n-Butanol production from sucrose and sugarcane juice by engineered Clostridium tyrobutyricum overexpressing sucrose catabolism genes and adhE2. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 233:51-57. [PMID: 28258996 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.02.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The production of n-butanol from sugarcane juice by metabolically engineered Clostridium tyrobutyricum Ct(Δack)-pscrBAK overexpressing scr operon genes (scrB, scrA, and scrK) for sucrose catabolism and an aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase gene (adhE2) for butanol biosynthesis was studied with corn steep liquor (CSL) as a low-cost nitrogen source. In free cell fermentation, butanol production of ∼16g/L at a yield of 0.31±0.02g/g and productivity of 0.33±0.02g/L·h was obtained from sucrose and yield of 0.24±0.02g/g and productivity of 0.30±0.01g/L·h from sugarcane juice containing sucrose, glucose and fructose. The fermentation was also studied in a fibrous bed bioreactor (FBB) operated in a repeated batch mode for 10 consecutive cycles in 10days, achieving an average butanol yield of 0.21±0.02g/g and productivity of 0.53±0.05g/L·h from sugarcane juice, demonstrating its long-term stability without applying the antibiotic selection pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhi Zhang
- Bioresource Utilization Laboratory, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China; William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Le Yu
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Meng Lin
- Bioprocessing Innovative Company, 4734 Bridle Path Ct., Dublin, OH 43017, USA
| | - Qiaojuan Yan
- Bioresource Utilization Laboratory, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Shang-Tian Yang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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35
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Metabolic engineering of Clostridium tyrobutyricum for enhanced butyric acid production from glucose and xylose. Metab Eng 2017; 40:50-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2016.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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36
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Xue C, Zhao J, Chen L, Yang ST, Bai F. Recent advances and state-of-the-art strategies in strain and process engineering for biobutanol production by Clostridium acetobutylicum. Biotechnol Adv 2017; 35:310-322. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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37
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Metabolic engineering of Clostridium tyrobutyricum for n-butanol production from sugarcane juice. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:4327-4337. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8200-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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38
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Ábrego U, Chen Z, Wan C. Consolidated Bioprocessing Systems for Cellulosic Biofuel Production. ADVANCES IN BIOENERGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aibe.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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39
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Zhang S, Huang X, Qu C, Suo Y, Liao Z, Wang J. Extractive fermentation for enhanced isopropanol and n -butanol production with mixtures of water insoluble aliphatic acids and oleyl alcohol. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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40
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Huang J, Zhu H, Tang W, Wang P, Yang ST. Butyric acid production from oilseed rape straw by Clostridium tyrobutyricum immobilized in a fibrous bed bioreactor. Process Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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41
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Wei P, Lin M, Wang Z, Fu H, Yang H, Jiang W, Yang ST. Metabolic engineering of Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii for xylose fermentation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 219:91-97. [PMID: 27479799 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Propionibacterium freudenreichii cannot use xylose, the second most abundant sugar in lignocellulosic biomass. Although Propionibacterium acidipropionici can use xylose as a carbon source, it is difficult to genetically modify, impeding further improvement through metabolic engineering. This study identified three xylose catabolic pathway genes encoding for xylose isomerase (xylA), xylose transporter (xylT), and xylulokinase (xylB) in P. acidipropionici and overexpressed them in P. freudenreichii subsp. shermanii via an expression plasmid pKHEM01, enabling the mutant to utilize xylose efficiently even in the presence of glucose without glucose-induced carbon catabolite repression. The mutant showed similar fermentation kinetics with glucose, xylose, and the mixture of glucose and xylose, respectively, as carbon source, and with or without the addition of antibiotic for selection pressure. The engineered P. shermanii thus can provide a novel cell factory for industrial production of propionic acid and other value-added products from lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilian Wei
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science & Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, China; William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Meng Lin
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Bioprocessing Innovative Company, 4734 Bridle Path Ct., Dublin, OH 43017, USA
| | - Zhongqiang Wang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hongxin Fu
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hopen Yang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Wenyan Jiang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Shang-Tian Yang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Xue C, Liu F, Xu M, Tang IC, Zhao J, Bai F, Yang ST. Butanol production in acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation with in situ product recovery by adsorption. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 219:158-168. [PMID: 27484672 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.07.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Activated carbon Norit ROW 0.8, zeolite CBV901, and polymeric resins Dowex Optipore L-493 and SD-2 with high specific loadings and partition coefficients were studied for n-butanol adsorption. Adsorption isotherms were found to follow Langmuir model, which can be used to estimate the amount of butanol adsorbed in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation. In serum-bottle fermentation with in situ adsorption, activated carbon showed the best performance with 21.9g/L of butanol production. When operated in a fermentor, free- and immobilized-cell fermentations with adsorption produced 31.6g/L and 54.6g/L butanol with productivities of 0.30g/L·h and 0.45g/L·h, respectively. Thermal desorption produced a condensate containing ∼167g/L butanol, which resulted in a highly concentrated butanol solution of ∼640g/L after spontaneous phase separation. This in situ product recovery process with activated carbon is energy efficient and can be easily integrated with ABE fermentation for n-butanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Xue
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Fangfang Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Mengmeng Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - I-Ching Tang
- Bioprocessing Innovative Company, 4734 Bridle Path Court, Dublin, OH 43017, USA
| | - Jingbo Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Fengwu Bai
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Shang-Tian Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Production of β-glucosidase from wheat bran and glycerol by Aspergillus niger in stirred tank and rotating fibrous bed bioreactors. Process Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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44
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Wang J, Lin M, Xu M, Yang ST. Anaerobic Fermentation for Production of Carboxylic Acids as Bulk Chemicals from Renewable Biomass. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 156:323-361. [DOI: 10.1007/10_2015_5009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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45
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Restriction modification system analysis and development of in vivo methylation for the transformation of Clostridium cellulovorans. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:2289-99. [PMID: 26590584 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7141-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Clostridium cellulovorans, a cellulolytic bacterium producing butyric and acetic acids as main fermentation products, is a promising host for biofuel production from cellulose. However, the transformation method of C. cellulovorans was not available, hindering its genetic engineering. To overcome this problem, its restriction modification (RM) systems were analyzed and a novel in vivo methylation was established for its successful transformation in the present study. Specifically, two RM systems, Cce743I and Cce743II, were determined. R. Cce743I has the same specificity as LlaJI, recognizing 5'-GACGC-3' and 5'-GCGTC-3', while M. Cce743I methylates the external cytosine in the strand (5'-GACG(m)C-3'). R. Cce743II, has the same specificity as LlaI, recognizing 5'-CCAGG-3' and 5'-CCTGG-3', while M. Cce743II methylates the external cytosine of both strands. An in vivo methylation system, expressing M. Cce743I and M. Cce743II from C. cellulovorans in Escherichia coli, was then established to protect plasmids used in electrotransformation. Transformants expressing an aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase (adhE2), which converted butyryl-CoA to n-butanol and acetyl-CoA to ethanol, were obtained. For the first time, an effective transformation method was developed for metabolic engineering of C. cellulovorans for biofuel production directly from cellulose.
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Yu L, Xu M, Tang IC, Yang ST. Metabolic engineering of Clostridium tyrobutyricum for n-butanol production through co-utilization of glucose and xylose. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 112:2134-41. [PMID: 25894463 DOI: 10.1002/bit.25613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The glucose-mediated carbon catabolite repression (CCR) in Clostridium tyrobutyricum impedes efficient utilization of xylose present in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates. In order to relieve the CCR and enhance xylose utilization, three genes (xylT, xylA, and xylB) encoding a xylose proton-symporter, a xylose isomerase and a xylulokinase, respectively, from Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 were co-overexpressed with aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase (adhE2) in C. tyrobutyricum (Δack). Compared to the strain Ct(Δack)-pM2 expressing only adhE2, the mutant Ct(Δack)-pTBA had a higher xylose uptake rate and was able to simultaneously consume glucose and xylose at comparable rates for butanol production. Ct(Δack)-pTBA produced more butanol (12.0 vs. 3.2 g/L) with a higher butanol yield (0.12 vs. 0.07 g/g) and productivity (0.17 vs. 0.07 g/L · h) from both glucose and xylose, while Ct(Δack)-pM2 consumed little xylose in the fermentation. The results confirmed that the CCR in C. tyrobutyricum could be overcome through overexpressing xylT, xylA, and xylB. The mutant was also able to co-utilize glucose and xylose present in soybean hull hydrolysate (SHH) for butanol production, achieving a high butanol titer of 15.7 g/L, butanol yield of 0.24 g/g, and productivity of 0.29 g/L · h. This study demonstrated the potential application of Ct(Δack)-pTBA for industrial biobutanol production from lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Yu
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Ave., Columbus, Ohio, 43210
| | - Mengmeng Xu
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Ave., Columbus, Ohio, 43210
| | | | - Shang-Tian Yang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Ave., Columbus, Ohio, 43210.
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Yang X, Xu M, Yang ST. Metabolic and process engineering of Clostridium cellulovorans for biofuel production from cellulose. Metab Eng 2015; 32:39-48. [PMID: 26365585 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Production of cellulosic biofuels has drawn increasing attention. However, currently no microorganism can produce biofuels, particularly butanol, directly from cellulosic biomass efficiently. Here we engineered a cellulolytic bacterium, Clostridium cellulovorans, for n-butanol and ethanol production directly from cellulose by introducing an aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase (adhE2), which converts butyryl-CoA to n-butanol and acetyl-CoA to ethanol. The engineered strain was able to produce 1.42 g/L n-butanol and 1.60 g/L ethanol directly from cellulose. Moreover, the addition of methyl viologen as an artificial electron carrier shifted the metabolic flux from acid production to alcohol production, resulting in a high biofuel yield of 0.39 g/g from cellulose, comparable to ethanol yield from corn dextrose by yeast fermentation. This study is the first metabolic engineering of C. cellulovorans for n-butanol and ethanol production directly from cellulose with significant titers and yields, providing a promising consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) platform for biofuel production from cellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Mengmeng Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Shang-Tian Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Ou J, Ma C, Xu N, Du Y, Liu X. High butanol production by regulating carbon, redox and energy in Clostridia. Front Chem Sci Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-015-1522-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Papoutsakis ET. Reassessing the Progress in the Production of Advanced Biofuels in the Current Competitive Environment and Beyond: What Are the Successes and Where Progress Eludes Us and Why. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b01695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eleftherios T. Papoutsakis
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Department of Biological Sciences & the Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19711, United States
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Metabolic engineering of Clostridium tyrobutyricum for n-butanol production from maltose and soluble starch by overexpressing α-glucosidase. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:6155-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6680-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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