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Lojananan N, Cheirsilp B, Intasit R, Billateh A, Srinuanpan S, Suyotha W, Boonsawang P. Successive process for efficient biovalorization of Brewers' spent grain to lignocellulolytic enzymes and lactic acid production through simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 397:130490. [PMID: 38403168 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to increase the value of brewers' spent grain (BSG) by using it as feedstock to produce lignocellulolytic enzymes and lactic acid (LA). Twenty-two fungal strains were screened for lignocellulolytic enzyme production from BSG. Among them, Trichoderma sp. showed the highest cellulase activity (35.84 ± 0.27 U/g-BSG) and considerably high activities of xylanase (599.61 ± 23.09 U/g-BSG) and β-glucosidase (16.97 ± 0.77 U/g-BSG) under successive solid-state and submerged fermentation. The processes were successfully scaled up in a bioreactor. The enzyme cocktail was recovered and characterized. The maximum cellulase and xylanase activities were found at pH 5.0 and 50 °C, and the activities were highly stable at pH 4-8 and 30-50 °C. The enzyme cocktail was applied in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of acid-pretreated BSG for LA production. The maximum LA obtained was 59.3 ± 1.0 g/L. This study has shown the efficient biovalorization of BSG, and this approach may also be applicable to other agro-industrial wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattha Lojananan
- Center of Excellence in Innovative Biotechnology for Sustainable Utilization of Bioresources, International Program of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Benjamas Cheirsilp
- Center of Excellence in Innovative Biotechnology for Sustainable Utilization of Bioresources, International Program of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
| | - Rawitsara Intasit
- Center of Excellence in Innovative Biotechnology for Sustainable Utilization of Bioresources, International Program of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Asma Billateh
- Center of Excellence in Innovative Biotechnology for Sustainable Utilization of Bioresources, International Program of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Sirasit Srinuanpan
- Center of Excellence of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Wasana Suyotha
- Center of Excellence in Innovative Biotechnology for Sustainable Utilization of Bioresources, International Program of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Piyarat Boonsawang
- Center of Excellence in Innovative Biotechnology for Sustainable Utilization of Bioresources, International Program of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
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Cui FJ, Yang YM, Sun L, Zan XY, Sun WJ, Zeb U. Grifola frondosa polysaccharides: A review on structure/activity, biosynthesis and engineering strategies. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128584. [PMID: 38056754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are the main polymers in edible fungi Grifola frondosa, playing a crucial role in the physiology and representing the healthy benefits for humans. Recent efforts have well elucidated the fine structures and biological functions of G. frondosa polysaccharides. The recently-rapid developments and increasing availability in fungal genomes also accelerated the better understanding of key genes and pathways involved in biosynthesis of G. frondosa polysaccharides. Herein, we provide a brief overview of G. frondosa polysaccharides and their activities, and comprehensively outline the complex process, genes and proteins corresponding to G. frondosa polysaccharide biosynthesis. The regulation strategies including strain improvement, process optimization and genetic engineering were also summarized for maximum production of G. frondosa polysaccharides. Some remaining unanswered questions in describing the fine synthesis machinery were also pointed out to open up new avenues for answering the structure-activity relationship and improving polysaccharide biosynthesis in G. frondosa. The review hopefully presents a reasonable full picture of activities, biosynthesis, and production regulation of polysaccharide in G. frondosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Jie Cui
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China; Jiangxi Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Food Additives Bio-production, Dexing 334221, PR China.
| | - Yu-Meng Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Lei Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Xin-Yi Zan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Wen-Jing Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China; Jiangxi Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Food Additives Bio-production, Dexing 334221, PR China
| | - Umar Zeb
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
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Gupta A, Kang K, Pathania R, Saxton L, Saucedo B, Malik A, Torres-Tiji Y, Diaz CJ, Dutra Molino JV, Mayfield SP. Harnessing genetic engineering to drive economic bioproduct production in algae. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1350722. [PMID: 38347913 PMCID: PMC10859422 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1350722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Our reliance on agriculture for sustenance, healthcare, and resources has been essential since the dawn of civilization. However, traditional agricultural practices are no longer adequate to meet the demands of a burgeoning population amidst climate-driven agricultural challenges. Microalgae emerge as a beacon of hope, offering a sustainable and renewable source of food, animal feed, and energy. Their rapid growth rates, adaptability to non-arable land and non-potable water, and diverse bioproduct range, encompassing biofuels and nutraceuticals, position them as a cornerstone of future resource management. Furthermore, microalgae's ability to capture carbon aligns with environmental conservation goals. While microalgae offers significant benefits, obstacles in cost-effective biomass production persist, which curtails broader application. This review examines microalgae compared to other host platforms, highlighting current innovative approaches aimed at overcoming existing barriers. These approaches include a range of techniques, from gene editing, synthetic promoters, and mutagenesis to selective breeding and metabolic engineering through transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Gupta
- Mayfield Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Kalisa Kang
- Mayfield Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Ruchi Pathania
- Mayfield Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Lisa Saxton
- Mayfield Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Barbara Saucedo
- Mayfield Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Ashleyn Malik
- Mayfield Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Yasin Torres-Tiji
- Mayfield Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Crisandra J. Diaz
- Mayfield Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - João Vitor Dutra Molino
- Mayfield Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Stephen P. Mayfield
- Mayfield Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- California Center for Algae Biotechnology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
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Schrader M, Schrinner K, Polomsky L, Ivanov D, Kampen I, Schilde C, Krull R, Kwade A. Quantification and modeling of macroparticle-induced mechanical stress for varying shake flask cultivation conditions. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1254136. [PMID: 37731767 PMCID: PMC10507416 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1254136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In biotechnological processes, filamentous microorganisms are known for their broad product spectrum and complex cellular morphology. Product formation and cellular morphology are often closely linked, requiring a well-defined level of mechanical stress to achieve high product concentrations. Macroparticles were added to shake flask cultures of the filamentous actinomycete Lentzea aerocolonigenes to find these optimal cultivation conditions. However, there is currently no model concept for the dependence of the strength and frequency of the bead-induced stress on the process parameters. Therefore, shake flask simulations were performed for combinations of bead size, bead concentration, bead density and shaking frequency. Contact analysis showed that the highest shear stresses were caused by bead-bottom contacts. Based on this, a newly generated characteristic parameter, the stress area ratio (SAR), was defined, which relates the bead wall shear and normal stresses to the total shear area. Comparison of the SAR with previous cultivation results revealed an optimum pattern for product concentration and mean product-to-biomass related yield coefficient. Thus, this model is a suitable tool for future optimization, comparison and scaling up of shear-sensitive microorganism cultivation. Finally, the simulation results were validated using high-speed recordings of the bead motion on the bottom of the shake flask.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Schrader
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kathrin Schrinner
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Laura Polomsky
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dimitri Ivanov
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ingo Kampen
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Carsten Schilde
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rainer Krull
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Arno Kwade
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
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Dinius A, Kozanecka ZJ, Hoffmann KP, Krull R. Intensification of bioprocesses with filamentous microorganisms. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2022-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Many industrial biotechnological processes use filamentous microorganisms to produce platform chemicals, proteins, enzymes and natural products. Product formation is directly linked to their cellular morphology ranging from dispersed mycelia over loose clumps to compact pellets. Therefore, the adjustment and control of the filamentous cellular morphology pose major challenges for bioprocess engineering. Depending on the filamentous strain and desired product, optimal morphological shapes for achieving high product concentrations vary. However, there are currently no overarching strain- or product-related correlations to improve process understanding of filamentous production systems. The present book chapter summarizes the extensive work conducted in recent years in the field of improving product formation and thus intensifying biotechnological processes with filamentous microorganisms. The goal is to provide prospective scientists with an extensive overview of this scientifically diverse, highly interesting field of study. In the course of this, multiple examples and ideas shall facilitate the combination of their acquired expertise with promising areas of future research. Therefore, this overview describes the interdependence between filamentous cellular morphology and product formation. Moreover, the currently most frequently used experimental techniques for morphological structure elucidation will be discussed in detail. Developed strategies of morphology engineering to increase product formation by tailoring and controlling cellular morphology and thus to intensify processes with filamentous microorganisms will be comprehensively presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dinius
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Rebenring 56 , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Franz-Liszt-Str. 35a , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
| | - Zuzanna J. Kozanecka
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Rebenring 56 , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Franz-Liszt-Str. 35a , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
| | - Kevin P. Hoffmann
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Rebenring 56 , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Franz-Liszt-Str. 35a , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
| | - Rainer Krull
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Rebenring 56 , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Franz-Liszt-Str. 35a , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
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Garvey M. Non-Mammalian Eukaryotic Expression Systems Yeast and Fungi in the Production of Biologics. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:1179. [PMID: 36354946 PMCID: PMC9692369 DOI: 10.3390/jof8111179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Biologics have become an important area of medical research generating therapeutics essential for the treatment of many disease states. Biologics are defined as biologically active compounds manufactured by living cells or through biological processes termed bioprocessing. Compared to small molecules which are chemically synthesised they are relatively complex and therapeutically specific molecules. Biologics include hormones, vaccines, blood products, monoclonal antibodies, recombinant therapeutic proteins, enzymes, gene and cellular therapies amongst others. For biologic production prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells (mammalian and non-mammalian) are used as expression systems. Eukaryotic expression systems offer many advantages over prokaryotic based systems. The manufacture of high-quality proteins for human clinical use via recombinant technologies has been achieved in yeast and filamentous fungal systems. Advances in bioprocessing such as genetic engineering, bioreactor design, continuous processing, and quality by design has allowed for increased productivity and higher yield in in these non-mammalian eukaryotic systems with protein translation similar to mammalian systems. The application of eukaryotic expressions systems for the manufacture of biologics of therapeutic importance are described herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Garvey
- Department of Life Science, Atlantic Technological University, F91 YW50 Sligo, Ireland; ; Tel.: +353-071-9305529
- Centre for Precision Engineering, Materials and Manufacturing Research (PEM), Atlantic Technological University, F91 YW50 Sligo, Ireland
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Molina-Hernandez JB, Tappi S, Gherardi M, de Flaviis R, Laika J, Peralta-Ruiz YY, Paparella A, Chaves-López C. Cold Atmospheric plasma treatment trigger changes in sun-dried tomatoes mycobiota by modifying the spore surface structure and hydrophobicity. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Li Q, Lu J, Zhang G, Liu S, Zhou J, Du G, Chen J. Recent advances in the development of Aspergillus for protein production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 348:126768. [PMID: 35091037 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aspergillus had been widely used in the industrial production of recombinant proteins. In addition to the safety and broad substrate utilization spectrum, its efficient post-translational modification and strong protein secretion capacity have significant advantages for developing an excellent protein-producing cell factory in industrial production. However, the difficulties in genetic manipulation of Aspergillus and varying expression levels of different heterologous proteins hampered its further development and application. Recently, the development of CRISPR genome editing and high-throughput screening platforms has facilitated the Aspergillus development of a wide range of modifications and applications. Meanwhile, multi-omics analysis and multiplexed genetic engineering have promoted effective knowledge mining. This paper provides a comprehensive and updated review of these advances, including high-throughput screening, genome editing, protein expression modules, and fermentation optimization. It also highlights and discusses the latest significant progress, aiming to provide a practical guide for implementing Aspergillus as an efficient protein-producing cell factory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Li
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jinchang Lu
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhang
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Song Liu
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Guocheng Du
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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