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Liu B, Lv DM, Wang YL, Li WY, Sun YW, Li ZW. Surface Engineering and Programmed Self-Assembly of Silica Nanoparticles with Controllable Polystyrene/Poly(4-vinybenzyl azide) Patches. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:6363-6374. [PMID: 38470241 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The programmed self-assembly of patchy nanoparticles (NPs) through a bottom-up approach is an efficient strategy for producing highly organized materials with a predetermined architecture. Herein, we report the preparation of di- and trivalent silica NPs with polystyrene (PS)/poly(4-vinylbenzyl azide) (PVBA) patches and assemble them in a THF mixture by lowering the solvent quality. Silica-PS/PVBA colloidal hybrid clusters were synthesized through the seeded growth emulsion copolymerization of styrene and 4-vinylbenzyl azide (VBA) in varying ratios. Subsequently, macromolecules on silica NPs originating from the copolymerization of growing PS or PVBA chains with the surface-grafted MMS compatibilizer are engineered by fine-tuning of polymer compositions or adjustment of solvent qualities. Moreover, multistage silica regrowth of tripod and tetrapod allowed a fine control of the patch-to-particle size ratio ranging from 0.69 to 1.54. Intriguingly, patchy silica NPs (1-, 2-, 3-PSNs) rather than hybrid clusters are successfully used as templates for multistep regrowth experiments, leading to the formation of silica NPs with a new morphology and size controllable PVBA/PS patches. Last but not least, combined with mesoscale dynamics simulations, the self-assembly kinetics of 2-PSN and 3-PSN into linear colloidal polymers and honeycomb-like lattices are studied. This work paves a new avenue for constructing colloidal polymers with a well-defined sequence and colloidal crystals with a predetermined architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Mei Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Lan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Ya Li
- Nouryon Chemicals (Jiaxing) Co., Ltd., No. 1111, West Yashan Road, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province 314000, China
| | - Yu-Wei Sun
- College of Chemistry and Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhan-Wei Li
- College of Chemistry and Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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2
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Guillot K, Brahana PJ, Al Harraq A, Ogbonna ND, Lombardo NS, Lawrence J, An Y, Benton MG, Bharti B. Selective Vapor Condensation for the Synthesis and Assembly of Spherical Colloids with a Precise Rough Patch. JACS AU 2024; 4:1107-1117. [PMID: 38559733 PMCID: PMC10976603 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Patchy particles occupy an increasingly important space in soft matter research due to their ability to assemble into intricate phases and states. Being able to fine-tune the interactions among these particles is essential to understanding the principles governing the self-assembly processes. However, current fabrication techniques often yield patches that deviate chemically and physically from the native particles, impeding the identification of the driving forces behind self-assembly. To overcome this challenge, we propose a new approach to synthesizing spherical colloids with a well-defined rough patch on their surface. By treating polystyrene microspheres with vapors of a good solvent, here an acetone-water mixture, we achieve selective polymer corrugation on the particle surface resulting in a chemically similar yet rough surface patch. The key step is the selective condensation of the acetone-water vapors on the apex of the polystyrene microparticles immobilized on a substrate, which leads to rough patch formation. We leverage the ability to tune the vapor-liquid equilibrium of the volatile acetone-water mixture to precisely control the polymer corrugation on the particle surface. We demonstrate the dependence of patch formation on particle and substrate wettability, with the condensation occurring on the particle apex only when it is more wettable than the substrate, which is consistent with Volmer's classical nucleation theory. By combining experiments and molecular dynamics simulations, we identify the role of the rough patch in the depletion interaction-driven self-assembly of the microspheres, which is crucial for designing programmable supracolloidal structures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nduka D. Ogbonna
- Cain Department of Chemical
Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Nicholas S. Lombardo
- Cain Department of Chemical
Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Jimmy Lawrence
- Cain Department of Chemical
Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Yaxin An
- Cain Department of Chemical
Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Michael G. Benton
- Cain Department of Chemical
Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Bhuvnesh Bharti
- Cain Department of Chemical
Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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3
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Rocha BC, Vashisth H. Porous Self-Assemblies Mediated by Dumbbell Particles as Cross-Linking Agents. J Chem Theory Comput 2024; 20:1590-1599. [PMID: 37650723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly of colloidal particles is emerging as a promising approach for producing novel materials. These colloidal particles can be synthesized with protrusions (lobes) on their surfaces that allow the formation of porous structures with a wide range of applications. Using Langevin dynamics simulations, we studied self-assembly in the binary mixtures of lobed colloidal particles with variations in their lobe sizes to investigate the feasibility of using dumbbell particles (with two lobes) as cross-linkers to increase the porosity in self-assembled morphologies. Each binary system was formed by mixing the dumbbell particles with one of the following types of particles: trigonal planar (three lobes), tetrahedral (four lobes), trigonal bipyramidal (five lobes), and octahedral (six lobes). We observed that the lobe size on each particle can be tuned to favor the formation of random aggregates and spherical aggregates when the lobes are larger and well-ordered crystalline structures when the lobes are smaller. We also observed that these polydisperse systems form self-assembled structures characterized by porosities higher than those of the structures formed by the monodisperse systems. These results indicate that the lobe size is an important design feature that can be optimized to achieve desired structures with distinct morphologies and porosities, and the dumbbell particles are effective cross-linking agents to enhance the porosity in self-assembled structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brunno C Rocha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, United States
| | - Harish Vashisth
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, United States
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Chassagne P, Garrigue P, Kuhn A. Bulk Electrosynthesis of Patchy Particles with Highly Controlled Asymmetric Features. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307539. [PMID: 37805916 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric modification of particles with various patches of different composition and size at predefined positions is an important challenge in contemporary surface chemistry, as such particles have numerous potential applications, ranging from materials science and (photo)catalysis to self-assembly and drug delivery. However, approaches allowing the synthesis of this kind of complex objects in the bulk of a solution in a straightforward way are currently lacking. In this context, bipolar electrochemistry (BE) is a powerful technique for the asymmetric modification of conducting objects. Herein, this approach is used for the highly controlled modification of particles with different metal patches, generated at specific locations of isotropic objects. The synthesis is carried out in the bulk of the solution and leads to predefined patterns of increasing complexity, including even a specific chiral arrangement of the patches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Chassagne
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, 16 av. Pey Berland, Pessac, 33600, France
| | - Patrick Garrigue
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, 16 av. Pey Berland, Pessac, 33600, France
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, 16 av. Pey Berland, Pessac, 33600, France
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5
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Anisur Rahman M, Turner T, Hamilton HSC, Bradley LC, Beltramo PJ. Engineering the surface patchiness and topography of polystyrene colloids: From spheres to ellipsoids. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 652:82-94. [PMID: 37591086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.08.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Colloidal surface morphology determines suspension properties and applications. While existing methods are effective at generating specific features on spherical particles, an approach extending this to non-spherical particles is currently missing. Synthesizing un-crosslinked polymer microspheres with controlled chemical patchiness would allow subsequent thermomechanical stretching to translate surface topographical features to ellipsoidal particles. EXPERIMENTS A systematic study using seeded emulsion polymerization to create polystyrene (PS) microspheres with controlled surface patches of poly(tert-butyl acrylate) (PtBA) was performed with different polymerization parameters such as concentration of tBA monomer, co-swelling agent, and initiator. Thermomechanical stretching converted seed spheres to microellipsoids. Acid catalyzed hydrolysis (ACH) was performed to remove the patch domains. Roughness was characterized before and after ACH using atomic force microscopy. FINDINGS PS spheres with controlled chemical patchiness were synthesized. A balance between two factors, domain coalescence from reduced viscosity and domain growth via monomer absorption, dictates the final PtBA) patch features. ACH mediated removal of patch domains produced either golf ball-like porous particles or multicavity particles, depending on the size of the precursor patches. Patchy microspheres were successfully stretched into microellipsoids while retaining their surface characteristics. Particle roughness is governed by the patch geometry and increases after ACH. Overall, this study provides a facile yet controllable platform for creating colloids with highly adjustable surface patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Anisur Rahman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Taina Turner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Heather S C Hamilton
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Laura C Bradley
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Peter J Beltramo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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Akarsu P, Reinicke S, Lehnen AC, Bekir M, Böker A, Hartlieb M, Reifarth M. Fabrication of Patchy Silica Microspheres with Tailor-Made Patch Functionality using Photo-Iniferter Reversible-Addition-Fragmentation Chain-Transfer (PI-RAFT) Polymerization. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301761. [PMID: 37381652 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Their inherent directional information renders patchy particles interesting building blocks for advanced applications in materials science. In this study, a feasible method to fabricate patchy silicon dioxide microspheres is demonstrated, which they are able to equip with tailor-made polymeric materials as patches. Their fabrication method relies on a solid-state supported microcontact printing (µCP) routine optimized for the transfer of functional groups to capillary-active substrates, which is used to introduce amino functionalities as patches to a monolayer of particles. Acting as anchor groups for polymerization, photo-iniferter reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) is used to graft polymer from the patch areas. Accordingly, particles with poly(N-acryloyl morpholine), poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide), and poly(n-butyl acrylate) are prepared as representative acrylic acid-derived functional patch materials. To facilitate their handling in water, a passivation strategy of the particles for aqueous systems is introduced. The protocol introduced here, therefore, promises a vast degree of freedom in engineering the surface properties of highly functional patchy particles. This feature is unmatched by other techniques to fabricate anisotropic colloids. The method, thus, can be considered a platform technology, culminating in the fabrication of particles that possess locally precisely formed patches on particles at a low µm scale with a high material functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinar Akarsu
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Chemistry, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research (IAP), Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Stefan Reinicke
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Chemistry, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research (IAP), Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Anne-Catherine Lehnen
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Chemistry, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research (IAP), Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Marek Bekir
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Physics and Astronomy, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Alexander Böker
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Chemistry, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research (IAP), Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Matthias Hartlieb
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Chemistry, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research (IAP), Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Martin Reifarth
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Chemistry, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research (IAP), Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
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7
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Baran Ł, Tarasewicz D, Kamiński DM, Rżysko W. Pursuing colloidal diamonds. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:10623-10633. [PMID: 37310349 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01771k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The endeavor to selectively fabricate a cubic diamond is challenging due to the formation of competing phases such as its hexagonal polymorph or others possessing similar free energy. The necessity to achieve this is of paramount importance since the cubic diamond is the only polymorph exhibiting a complete photonic bandgap, making it a promising candidate in view of photonic applications. Herein, we demonstrate that due to the presence of an external field and delicate manipulation of its strength we can attain selectivity in the formation of a cubic diamond in a one-component system comprised of designer tetrahedral patchy particles. The driving force of such a phenomenon is the structure of the first adlayer which is commensurate with the (110) face of the cubic diamond. Moreover, after a successful nucleation event, once the external field is turned off, the structure remains stable, paving an avenue for further post-synthetic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Baran
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria-Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin, Pl. M Curie-Sklodowskiej 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Dariusz Tarasewicz
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria-Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin, Pl. M Curie-Sklodowskiej 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Daniel M Kamiński
- Department of Organic and Crystalochemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria-Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin, Pl. M Curie-Sklodowskiej 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Wojciech Rżysko
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria-Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin, Pl. M Curie-Sklodowskiej 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
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8
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Pinto DEP, Šulc P, Sciortino F, Russo J. Design strategies for the self-assembly of polyhedral shells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2219458120. [PMID: 37040398 PMCID: PMC10120017 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2219458120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The control over the self-assembly of complex structures is a long-standing challenge of material science, especially at the colloidal scale, as the desired assembly pathway is often kinetically derailed by the formation of amorphous aggregates. Here, we investigate in detail the problem of the self-assembly of the three Archimedean shells with five contact points per vertex, i.e., the icosahedron, the snub cube, and the snub dodecahedron. We use patchy particles with five interaction sites (or patches) as model for the building blocks and recast the assembly problem as a Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) for the patch-patch interactions. This allows us to find effective designs for all targets and to selectively suppress unwanted structures. By tuning the geometrical arrangement and the specific interactions of the patches, we demonstrate that lowering the symmetry of the building blocks reduces the number of competing structures, which in turn can considerably increase the yield of the target structure. These results cement SAT-assembly as an invaluable tool to solve inverse design problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo E. P. Pinto
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome00185, Italy
| | - Petr Šulc
- Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn53121, Germany
- School of Molecular Sciences and Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ85281
| | | | - John Russo
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome00185, Italy
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9
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Rivera-Rivera LY, Moore TC, Glotzer SC. Inverse design of triblock Janus spheres for self-assembly of complex structures in the crystallization slot via digital alchemy. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:2726-2736. [PMID: 36974942 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01593e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The digital alchemy framework is an extended ensemble simulation technique that incorporates particle attributes as thermodynamic variables, enabling the inverse design of colloidal particles for desired behavior. Here, we extend the digital alchemy framework for the inverse design of patchy spheres that self-assemble into target crystal structures. To constrain the potentials to non-trivial solutions, we conduct digital alchemy simulations with constant second virial coefficient. We optimize the size, range, and strength of patchy interactions in model triblock Janus spheres to self-assemble the 2D kagome and snub square lattices and the 3D pyrochlore lattice, and demonstrate self-assembly of all three target structures with the designed models. The particles designed for the kagome and snub square lattices assemble into high quality clusters of their target structures, while competition from similar polymorphs lower the yield of the pyrochlore assemblies. We find that the alchemically designed potentials do not always match physical intuition, illustrating the ability of the method to find nontrivial solutions to the optimization problem. We identify a window of second virial coefficients that result in self-assembly of the target structures, analogous to the crystallization slot in protein crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Timothy C Moore
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Sharon C Glotzer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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10
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Kargari Aghmiouni D, Khoee S. Dual-Drug Delivery by Anisotropic and Uniform Hybrid Nanostructures: A Comparative Study of the Function and Substrate-Drug Interaction Properties. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041214. [PMID: 37111700 PMCID: PMC10142803 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
By utilizing nanoparticles to upload and interact with several pharmaceuticals in varying methods, the primary obstacles associated with loading two or more medications or cargos with different characteristics may be addressed. Therefore, it is feasible to evaluate the benefits provided by co-delivery systems utilizing nanoparticles by investigating the properties and functions of the commonly used structures, such as multi- or simultaneous-stage controlled release, synergic effect, enhanced targetability, and internalization. However, due to the unique surface or core features of each hybrid design, the eventual drug-carrier interactions, release, and penetration processes may vary. Our review article focused on the drug's loading, binding interactions, release, physiochemical, and surface functionalization features, as well as the varying internalization and cytotoxicity of each structure that may aid in the selection of an appropriate design. This was achieved by comparing the actions of uniform-surfaced hybrid particles (such as core-shell particles) to those of anisotropic, asymmetrical hybrid particles (such as Janus, multicompartment, or patchy particles). Information is provided on the use of homogeneous or heterogeneous particles with specified characteristics for the simultaneous delivery of various cargos, possibly enhancing the efficacy of treatment techniques for illnesses such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delaram Kargari Aghmiouni
- Polymer Laboratory, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 14155-6455, Iran
| | - Sepideh Khoee
- Polymer Laboratory, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 14155-6455, Iran
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11
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Basu A, Okello LB, Castellanos N, Roh S, Velev OD. Assembly and manipulation of responsive and flexible colloidal structures by magnetic and capillary interactions. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:2466-2485. [PMID: 36946137 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00090g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The long-ranged interactions induced by magnetic fields and capillary forces in multiphasic fluid-particle systems facilitate the assembly of a rich variety of colloidal structures and materials. We review here the diverse structures assembled from isotropic and anisotropic particles by independently or jointly using magnetic and capillary interactions. The use of magnetic fields is one of the most efficient means of assembling and manipulating paramagnetic particles. By tuning the field strength and configuration or by changing the particle characteristics, the magnetic interactions, dynamics, and responsiveness of the assemblies can be precisely controlled. Concurrently, the capillary forces originating at the fluid-fluid interfaces can serve as means of reconfigurable binding in soft matter systems, such as Pickering emulsions, novel responsive capillary gels, and composites for 3D printing. We further discuss how magnetic forces can be used as an auxiliary parameter along with the capillary forces to assemble particles at fluid interfaces or in the bulk. Finally, we present examples how these interactions can be used jointly in magnetically responsive foams, gels, and pastes for 3D printing. The multiphasic particle gels for 3D printing open new opportunities for making of magnetically reconfigurable and "active" structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhirup Basu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Lilian B Okello
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Natasha Castellanos
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Sangchul Roh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Orlin D Velev
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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12
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Gallegos JAS, Martínez-Rivera J, Valadez-Pérez NE, Castañeda-Priego R. Patchy colloidal gels under the influence of gravity. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:114907. [PMID: 36948838 DOI: 10.1063/5.0130796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, gravitational effects in gel-forming patchy colloidal systems are studied. We focus on how the gel structure is modified by gravity. Through Monte Carlo computer simulations of gel-like states recently identified by the rigidity percolation criterion [J. A. S. Gallegos et al., Phys. Rev. E 104, 064606 (2021)], the influence of the gravitational field, characterized by the gravitational Péclet number, Pe, on patchy colloids is studied in terms of the patchy coverage, χ. Our findings point out that there exists a threshold Péclet number, Peg, that depends on χ above which the gravitational field enhances the particle bonding and, in consequence, promotes the aggregation or clustering of particles; the smaller the χ value, the higher the Peg. Interestingly, when χ ∼ 1 (near the isotropic limit), our results are consistent with an experimentally determined threshold Pe value where gravity affects the gel formation in short-range attractive colloids. In addition, our results show that the cluster size distribution and the density profile undergo variations that lead to changes in the percolating cluster, i.e., gravity is able to modify the structure of the gel-like states. These changes have an important impact on the structural rigidity of the patchy colloidal dispersion; the percolating cluster goes from a uniform spatially network to a heterogeneous percolated structure, where an interesting structural scenario emerges, namely, depending on the Pe value, the new heterogeneous gel-like states can coexist with both diluted and dense phases or they simply reach a crystalline-like state. In the isotropic case, the increase in the Pe number can shift the critical temperature to higher temperatures; however, when Pe > 0.01, the binodal disappears and the particles fully sediment at the bottom of the sample cell. Furthermore, gravity moves the rigidity percolation threshold to lower densities. Finally, we also note that within the values of the Péclet number here explored, the cluster morphology is barely altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier A S Gallegos
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, 37150 León, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Jaime Martínez-Rivera
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, 37150 León, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Néstor E Valadez-Pérez
- Facultad de Ciencias en Física y Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, 29050 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Ramón Castañeda-Priego
- Departamento de Ingeniería Física, División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, 37150 León, Guanajuato, Mexico
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Li S, He J, Qiao S, Zhang X, Liu B. Self-Assembled Tetratic Crystals by Orthogonal Colloidal Force. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2300642. [PMID: 36932933 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bonding simple building blocks to create crystalline materials with design has been sophisticated in the molecular world, but this is still very challenging for anisotropic nanoparticles or colloids, because the particle arrangements, including position and orientation, cannot be manipulated as expected. Here biconcave polystyrene (PS) discs to present a shape self-recognition route are used, which can control both the position and orientation of particles during self-assembly by directional colloidal forces. An unusual but very challenging two-dimensional (2D) open superstructure-tetratic crystal (TC)-is achieved. The optical properties of the 2D TCs are studied by the finite difference time domain method, showing that the PS/Ag binary TC can be used to modulate the polarization state of the incident light, for example, converting the linearly polarized light into left-handed or right-handed circularly polarized light. This work paves an important way for self-assembling many unprecedented crystalline materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen He
- National Physical Experiment Teaching Demonstration Center, Department of Physics, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, P. R. China
| | - Shuoyuan Qiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100149, P. R. China
| | - Xinghua Zhang
- National Physical Experiment Teaching Demonstration Center, Department of Physics, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, P. R. China
| | - Bing Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100149, P. R. China
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14
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Wang Z, Chen Y, Zhang N, Zhang RX, He R, Ju X, Mamadalieva NZ. Plant protein nanogel–based patchy Janus particles with tunable anisotropy for perishable food preservation. FOOD FRONTIERS 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing Nanjing University of Finance and Economics Nanjing China
| | - Yao Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing Nanjing University of Finance and Economics Nanjing China
| | - Nan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing Nanjing University of Finance and Economics Nanjing China
| | - Rui Xue Zhang
- Institute of Medical Research Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Rong He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing Nanjing University of Finance and Economics Nanjing China
| | - Xingrong Ju
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing Nanjing University of Finance and Economics Nanjing China
| | - Nilufar Z. Mamadalieva
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Glycosides Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances AS RUz Tashkent Uzbekistan
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15
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Liu R, Caciagli A, Yu J, Tang X, Ghosh R, Eiser E. Dynamic Light Scattering Based Microrheology of End-Functionalised Triblock Copolymer Solutions. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030481. [PMID: 36771783 PMCID: PMC9919268 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Nano-sized particles functionalised with short single-stranded (ss)DNAs can act as detectors of complementary DNA strands. Here we consider tri-block-copolymer-based, self-assembling DNA-coated nanoparticles. The copolymers are chemically linked to the DNA strands via azide (N3) groups. The micelles aggregate when they are linked with complementary ssDNA. The advantage of such block-copolymer-based systems is that they are easy to make. Here we show that DNA functionalisation results in inter-micellar attraction, but that N3-groups that have not reacted with the DNA detector strands also change the phase behaviour of the tri-block polymer solution. We studied the triblock copolymer, Pluronic® F108, which forms spherical micelles in aqueous solutions upon heating. We find that the triblock chains ending with either an N3 or N3-DNA complex show a dramatic change in phase behaviour. In particular, the N3-functionalisation causes the chain ends to cluster below the critical micelle temperature (CMT) of pure F108, forming flower-micelles with the N3-groups at the core, while the PPO groups are exposed to the solvent. Above the CMT, we see an inversion with the PPO chains forming the micellar core, while the N3-groups are now aggregating on the periphery, inducing an attraction between the micelles. Our results demonstrate that, due to the two competing self-assembling mechanisms, the system can form transient hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Liu
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Alessio Caciagli
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Jiaming Yu
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Xiaoying Tang
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Rini Ghosh
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Erika Eiser
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
- PoreLab, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +47-92045497
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16
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Liu B, Duguet E, Ravaine S. Solvent-induced assembly of mono- and divalent silica nanoparticles. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 14:52-60. [PMID: 36703910 PMCID: PMC9830498 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.14.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Particles with attractive patches are appealing candidates to be used as building units to fabricate novel colloidal architectures by self-assembly. Here, we report the synthesis of one-patch silica nanoparticles, which consist of silica half-spheres whose concave face carries in its center a polymeric patch made of grafted polystyrene chains. The multistage synthesis allows for a fine control of the patch-to-particle size ratio from 0.23 to 0.57. The assembly of the patchy nanoparticles can be triggered by reducing the solvent quality for the polystyrene chains. Dimers or trimers can be obtained by tuning the patch-to-particle size ratio. When mixed with two-patch nanoparticles, one-patch nanoparticles control the length of the resulting chains by behaving as colloidal chain stoppers. The present strategy allows for future elaboration of novel colloidal structures by controlled assembly of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CRPP, UMR 5031, 33600 Pessac, France
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, P. R. China
| | - Etienne Duguet
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Serge Ravaine
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CRPP, UMR 5031, 33600 Pessac, France
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17
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Khalaf R, Viamonte A, Ducrot E, Mérindol R, Ravaine S. Transfer of multi-DNA patches by colloidal stamping. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:573-577. [PMID: 36515145 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05016a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Patchy particles have received great attention due to their ability to develop directional and selective interactions and serve as building units for the self-assembly of innovative colloidal molecules and crystalline structures. Although synthesizing particles with multiple dissimilar patches is still highly challenging and lacks efficient methods, these building blocks would open paths towards a broader range of ordered materials with inherent properties. Herein, we describe a new approach to pattern functional DNA patches at the surface of particles, by the use of colloidal stamps. DNA inks are transferred only at the contact zones between the target particles and the stamps thanks to selective strand-displacement reactions. The produced DNA-patchy particles are ideal candidates to act as advanced precision/designer building blocks to self-assemble the next generation of colloidal materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawan Khalaf
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, CRPP, UMR 5031, 33600 Pessac, France.
| | | | - Etienne Ducrot
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, CRPP, UMR 5031, 33600 Pessac, France.
| | - Rémi Mérindol
- CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, L2C, UMR 5221, 34095 Montpellier, France.
| | - Serge Ravaine
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, CRPP, UMR 5031, 33600 Pessac, France.
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18
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Shanmugathasan S, Bagur A, Ducrot E, Buffière S, van Oostrum P, Ravaine S, Duguet E. Silica/polystyrene bipod-like submicron colloids synthesized by seed-growth dispersion polymerisation as precursors for two-patch silica particles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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19
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Assembly of partially covered strawberry supracolloids in dilute and concentrate aqueous dispersions. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 627:827-837. [PMID: 35901562 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.06.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Core-corona supracolloids can be assembled in aqueous dispersions by controlling the physical interactions between the corona and core colloidal particles. A raspberry corona configuration with full surface coverage of the core can be reached by inducing strong attractive interactions between the individual particles. A controlled partial surface coverage of the core, i.e. strawberry configuration, is however, more difficult to achieve. Supracolloids with different surface coverage ratio exhibit unique and multifunctional surface properties. EXPERIMENTS By counterbalancing the multiple physical interactions playing a role during the assembly, the configuration and stability of the assemblies could be fine-tuned over a wide range of concentrations. Supracolloids consisting of polyethylene glycol (PEO)-grafted polymer particles covered by silica nanoparticles were assembled with different configurations, by adjusting the pH and ionic strength of the dispersion, the PEO grafting density and the particles concentration. The self-assembly process and resulting configurations were monitored via cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM) and light scattering. FINDINGS The suitable conditions to assemble supracolloids with partial corona coverage have been established. Stable strawberry supracolloids could be prepared, both for diluted (1 wt%) and concentrated (12 wt%) dispersions. These hybrid supracolloids with well-defined configuration are highly relevant to developing advanced water-borne paints and inks, food dispersions, cosmetic and healthcare products.
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20
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Jeon J, Kang H, Lee K, Sohn BH. Patch formation on diblock copolymer micelles confined in templates for inducing patch orientation and cyclic colloidal molecules. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 616:813-822. [PMID: 35248968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.02.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Chemically or physically distinct patches can be induced on the micelles of amphiphilic block copolymers, which facilitate directional binding for the creation of hierarchical structures. Hence, control over the direction of patches on the micelles is a crucial factor to attain the directionality on the interactions between the micelles, particularly for generating colloidal molecules mimicking the symmetry of molecular structures. We hypothesized that direction and combination of the patches could be controlled by physical confinement of the micelles. EXPERIMENTS We first confined spherical micelles of diblock copolymers in topographic templates fabricated from nanopatterns of block copolymers by adjusting the coating conditions. Then, patch formation was conducted on the confined micelles by exposing them with a core-favorable solvent. Microscopic techniques of SEM, TEM, and AFM were employed to investigate directions of patches and structures of combined micelles in the template. FINDINGS The orientation of the patches on the micelles was guided by the physical confinement of the micelles in linear trenches. In addition, by confining the micelles in a circular hole, we obtained a specific polygon arrangement of the micelles depending on the number of micelles in the hole, which enabled the formation of cyclic colloidal molecules consisting of micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghyuk Jeon
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejung Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghyeon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Hyeok Sohn
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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21
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AC electrohydrodynamic propulsion and rotation of active particles of engineered shape and asymmetry. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2022.101586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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22
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Fan X, Walther A. 1D Colloidal chains: recent progress from formation to emergent properties and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:4023-4074. [PMID: 35502721 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00112h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Integrating nanoscale building blocks of low dimensionality (0D; i.e., spheres) into higher dimensional structures endows them and their corresponding materials with emergent properties non-existent or only weakly existent in the individual building blocks. Constructing 1D chains, 2D arrays and 3D superlattices using nanoparticles and colloids therefore continues to be one of the grand goals in colloid and nanomaterial science. Amongst these higher order structures, 1D colloidal chains are of particular interest, as they possess unique anisotropic properties. In recent years, the most relevant advances in 1D colloidal chain research have been made in novel synthetic methodologies and applications. In this review, we first address a comprehensive description of the research progress concerning various synthetic strategies developed to construct 1D colloidal chains. Following this, we highlight the amplified and emergent properties of the resulting materials, originating from the assembly of the individual building blocks and their collective behavior, and discuss relevant applications in advanced materials. In the discussion of synthetic strategies, properties, and applications, particular attention will be paid to overarching concepts, fresh trends, and potential areas of future research. We believe that this comprehensive review will be a driver to guide the interdisciplinary field of 1D colloidal chains, where nanomaterial synthesis, self-assembly, physical property studies, and material applications meet, to a higher level, and open up new research opportunities at the interface of classical disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlong Fan
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 31, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Andreas Walther
- A3BMS Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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23
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Sun YW, Li ZW, Chen ZQ, Zhu YL, Sun ZY. Colloidal cubic diamond photonic crystals through cooperative self-assembly. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:2654-2662. [PMID: 35311843 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01770e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal cubic diamond crystals with low-coordinated and staggered structures could display a wide photonic bandgap at low refractive index contrasts, which makes them extremely valuable for photonic applications. However, self-assembly of cubic diamond crystals using simple colloidal building blocks is still considerably challenging, due to their low packing fraction and mechanical instability. Here we propose a new strategy for constructing colloidal cubic diamond crystals through cooperative self-assembly of surface-anisotropic triblock Janus colloids and isotropic colloidal spheres into superlattices. In self-assembly, cooperativity is achieved by tuning the interaction and particle size ratio of colloidal building blocks. The pyrochlore lattice formed by self-assembly of triblock Janus colloids acts as a soft template to direct the packing of colloidal spheres into cubic diamond lattices. Numerical simulations show that this cooperative self-assembly strategy works well in a large range of particle size ratio of these two species. Moreover, photonic band structure calculations reveal that the resulting cubic diamond lattices exhibit wide and complete photonic bandgaps and the width and frequency of the bandgaps can also be easily adjusted by tuning the particle size ratio. Our work will open up a promising avenue toward photonic bandgap materials by cooperative self-assembly employing surface-anisotropic Janus or patchy colloids as a soft template.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Zhan-Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Zi-Qin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - You-Liang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zhao-Yan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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24
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Völkl A, Klupp Taylor RN. Investigation and mitigation of reagent ageing during the continuous flow synthesis of patchy particles. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason S. Kahn
- Department of Chemical Engineering Columbia University New York NY 10027 USA
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA
| | - Oleg Gang
- Department of Chemical Engineering Columbia University New York NY 10027 USA
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics Columbia University New York NY 10027 USA
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA
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26
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Xu W, Wang Y, Guo QY, Wang X, Liu Y, Bian FG, Yan XY, Ni B, Cheng SZD. A robust platform to construct molecular patchy particles with a pentiptycene skeleton toward controlled mesoscale structures. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00130f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new pentiptycene skeleton with orthogonally reactive sites and inherent D2h-symmetry to construct molecular pathy particles toward mesoscale structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yicong Wang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Qing-Yun Guo
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Xiaoteng Wang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yuchu Liu
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Feng-Gang Bian
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Yan
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Bo Ni
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Nanjing Julong Science & Technology Company Limited, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Stephen Z. D. Cheng
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
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27
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Gallegos JAS, Perdomo-Pérez R, Valadez-Pérez NE, Castañeda-Priego R. Location of the gel-like boundary in patchy colloidal dispersions: Rigidity percolation, structure, and particle dynamics. Phys Rev E 2021; 104:064606. [PMID: 35030878 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.064606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
During the past decade, there has been a hot debate about the physical mechanisms that determine when a colloidal dispersion approaches the gel transition. However, there is still no consensus on a possible unique route that leads to the conditions for the formation of a gel-like state. Based on gel states identified in experiments, Valadez-Pérez et al. [Phys. Rev. E 88, 060302(R) (2013)PLEEE81539-375510.1103/PhysRevE.88.060302] proposed rigidity percolation as the precursor of colloidal gelation in adhesive hard-sphere dispersions with coordination number 〈n_{b}〉 equal to 2.4. Although this criterion was originally established to describe mechanical transitions in network-forming molecular materials with highly directional interactions, it worked well to explain gel formation in colloidal suspensions with isotropic short-range attractive forces. Recently, this idea has also been used to account for the dynamical arrest experimentally observed in attractive spherocylinders. Then, by assuming that rigidity percolation also drives gelation in spherical colloids interacting with short-ranged and highly directional potentials, we locate the thermodynamic states where gelation seems to occur in dispersions made up of patchy colloids. To check whether the criterion 〈n_{b}〉=2.4 also holds in patchy colloidal systems, we apply the so-called bond-bending analysis to determine the fraction of floppy modes at some percolating clusters. This analysis confirms that the condition 〈n_{b}〉=2.4 is a good approximation to determine those percolating clusters that are either mechanically stable or rigid. Furthermore, our results point out that not all combinations of patches and coverages lead to a gel-like state. Additionally, we systematically study the structure and the cluster size distribution along those thermodynamic states identified as gels. We show that for high coverage values, the structure is very similar for systems that have the same coverage regardless the number or the position of the patches on the particle surface. Finally, by using dynamic Monte Carlo computer simulations, we calculate both the mean-square displacement and the intermediate scattering function at and in the neighborhood of the gel-like states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier A S Gallegos
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, 37150 León, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Román Perdomo-Pérez
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, 37150 León, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Néstor Enrique Valadez-Pérez
- Facultad de Ciencias en Física y Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, 29050 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Ramón Castañeda-Priego
- Departamento de Ingeniería Física, División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, 37150 León, Guanajuato, Mexico
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28
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Sato M. Clusters formed by dumbbell-like one-patch particles confined in thin systems. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18078. [PMID: 34508134 PMCID: PMC8433354 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97542-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Performing isothermal-isochoric Monte Carlo simulations, I examine the types of clusters that dumbbell-like one–patch particles form in thin space between two parallel walls, assuming that each particle is synthesized through the merging of two particles, one non-attracting and the other attracting for which, for example, the inter-particle interaction is approximated by the DLVO model . The shape of these dumbbell-like particles is controlled by the ratio of the diameters q of the two spherical particles and by the dimensionless distance l between these centers. Using a modified Kern–Frenkel potential, I examine the dependence of the cluster shape on l and q. Large island-like clusters are created when \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$q<1$$\end{document}q<1. With increasing q, the clusters become chain-like . When q increases further, elongated clusters and regular polygonal clusters are created. In the simulations, the cluster shape becomes three-dimensional with increasing l because the thickness of the thin system increases proportionally to l.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahide Sato
- Emerging Media Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
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29
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Liu Y, Wang J, Imaz I, Maspoch D. Assembly of Colloidal Clusters Driven by the Polyhedral Shape of Metal-Organic Framework Particles. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:12943-12947. [PMID: 34383504 PMCID: PMC8391935 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Control of the assembly
of colloidal particles into discrete or
higher-dimensional architectures is important for the design of myriad
materials, including plasmonic sensing systems and photonic crystals.
Here, we report a new approach that uses the polyhedral shape of metal–organic-framework
(MOF) particles to direct the assembly of colloidal clusters. This
approach is based on controlling the attachment of a single spherical
polystyrene particle on each face of a polyhedral particle via colloidal
fusion synthesis, so that the polyhedral shape defines the final coordination
number, which is equal to the number of faces, and geometry of the
assembled colloidal cluster. As a proof of concept, we assembled six-coordinated
(6-c) octahedral and 8-c cubic clusters using cubic ZIF-8 and octahedral
UiO-66 core particles. Moreover, we extended this approach to synthesize
a highly coordinated 12-c cuboctahedral cluster from a rhombic dodecahedral
ZIF-8 particle. We anticipate that the synthesized colloidal clusters
could be further evolved into spherical core–shell MOF@polystyrene
particles under conditions that promote a higher fusion degree, thus
expanding the methods available for the synthesis of MOF–polymer
composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, and Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jiemin Wang
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, and Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inhar Imaz
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, and Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Maspoch
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, and Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.,ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
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30
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Yu L, Zhang N, Zhang NN, Gu Q, Xue Y, Wang YX, Han CL, Liu K, Sun ZY, Qian HJ, Lu ZY. Solvent-Evaporation Induced and Mechanistic Entropy-Enthalpy-Balance Controlled Polymer Patch Formation on Nanoparticle Surfaces. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:7100-7105. [PMID: 34292736 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The formation of polymer-patch nanoparticles (PNPs) involves a condensation process of grafted chains on a nanoparticle (NP) surface, which is conventionally achieved via a fine-tuning of the solvent quality. However, such a critical solvent condition differs dramatically between polymers, and the formation mechanism of different patchy structures remains under debate. In this study, we demonstrate by a combined simulation and experimental study that such a surface-patterning process can be easily achieved via a simple solvent evaporation process, which creates a natural nonsolvent condition and is, in principle, adaptable for all polymers. More importantly, we find that patchy structures are controlled by a delicate balance between enthalpic interaction and the entropy penalty of grafted chains. A small variation of cohesive energy density can lead to a dramatic change in patch structure. This work offers a robust yet easy approach for the fabrication of PNPs and provides new insights into polymer segregation on spherical surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxiuzi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Niboqia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Ning-Ning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Qianqian Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yao Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yu-Xi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Cheng-Long Han
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Kun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zhao-Yan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Hu-Jun Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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31
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Kahn JS, Gang O. Designer Nanomaterials through Programmable Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202105678. [PMID: 34128306 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles have long been recognized for their unique properties, leading to exciting potential applications across optics, electronics, magnetism, and catalysis. These specific functions often require a designed organization of particles, which includes the type of order as well as placement and relative orientation of particles of the same or different kinds. DNA nanotechnology offers the ability to introduce highly addressable bonds, tailor particle interactions, and control the geometry of bindings motifs. Here, we discuss how developments in structural DNA nanotechnology have enabled greater control over 1D, 2D, and 3D particle organizations through programmable assembly. This Review focuses on how the use of DNA binding between nanocomponents and DNA structural motifs has progressively allowed the rational formation of prescribed particle organizations. We offer insight into how DNA-based motifs and elements can be further developed to control particle organizations and how particles and DNA can be integrated into nanoscale building blocks, so-called "material voxels", to realize designer nanomaterials with desired functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason S Kahn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA.,Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Oleg Gang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA.,Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA.,Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
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32
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Hwang EY, Lee JH, Lim DW. Directional self-assembly of anisotropic bimetal-poly(aniline) nanostructures for rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis in multiplexing. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1174:338699. [PMID: 34247731 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Anisotropic organic-inorganic hybrid nanoparticles possessing different functionalities and physicochemical properties from each compartment have attracted significant interest for the development of advanced functional materials. Moreover, their self-assembled structures exhibit unique optical properties for photonics-based biosensing. We report herein the fabrication of anisotropic bimetal-polymer nanoparticles (ABPNs) via combination of oxidative polymerization and additional growth of metallic nanoparticles on Au seeds as well as their directional clustering mediated via noncovalent interactions. Polymerization of anilines for poly (aniline) shell was conducted by reducing silver nitrate onto the Au seed in the presence of a surfactant, giving rise to spatially distinct bimetallic Au core and Ag shell compartment and the poly (aniline) counter-one that comprise the ABPNs. Furthermore, ABPNs were directionally clustered in a controlled manner via hydrophobic interaction, when the bimetallic compartment was selectively modified. These nanoclusters showed highly enhanced optical properties owing to the increased electromagnetic fields while the poly (aniline) being used to offer antibody binding capacity. Taking advantages of those properties of the ABPN nanoclusters, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) intensity-based quantification of two different biomarkers: autoantibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptide and rheumatoid factor was demonstrated using ABPN nanoclusters as SERS nanoprobes. Conclusively, this work has great potential to satisfy a need for multiplexing in diagnosis of early stage of rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Young Hwang
- Department of Bionano Engineering and Department of Bionanotechnology, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hee Lee
- Department of Bionano Engineering and Department of Bionanotechnology, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Woo Lim
- Department of Bionano Engineering and Department of Bionanotechnology, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea.
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33
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Chirinos-Flores D, Sánchez R, Díaz-Leyva P, Kozina A. Gelation of amphiphilic janus particles in an apolar medium. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 590:12-18. [PMID: 33524712 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The anisotropic nature of colloidal particles results in orientation-dependent interactions that organize the particles into peculiar structures different from those formed by isotropic colloids. Particles with a hydrophilic hemisphere are expected to assemble in hydrophobic solvents due to the contribution of hydrophobic interactions as observed for molecular amphiphiles. EXPERIMENTS Asymmetrically decorated silica-based Janus particles are dispersed in an apolar solvent, chloroform, and their structure and dynamics are studied by light scattering and compared with computer simulations. FINDINGS Gelation of amphiphilic Janus particles with asymmetric surface decoration is observed in a hydrophobic medium. The influence of particle asymmetry on gel structure and dynamics is discussed. Unlike particles with long-range repulsive interactions in water, these systems rapidly form rather compact structures that are nevertheless more ramified than those made of isotropic hydrophobic particles. Comparison with computer simulations allows visualization of the gel and reveals a contribution of asymmetric short-range attractions and cross-term repulsions to the net effective interaction potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Chirinos-Flores
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo Sánchez
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, 09340 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Pedro Díaz-Leyva
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, 09340 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Anna Kozina
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico.
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34
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Marín-Aguilar S, Smallenburg F, Sciortino F, Foffi G. Monodisperse patchy particle glass former. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:174501. [PMID: 34241071 DOI: 10.1063/5.0036963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glass formers are characterized by their ability to avoid crystallization. As monodisperse systems tend to rapidly crystallize, the most common glass formers in simulations are systems composed of mixtures of particles with different sizes. Here, we make use of the ability of patchy particles to change their local structure to propose them as monodisperse glass formers. We explore monodisperse systems with two patch geometries: a 12-patch geometry that enhances the formation of icosahedral clusters and an 8-patch geometry that does not appear to strongly favor any particular local structure. We show that both geometries avoid crystallization and present glassy features at low temperatures. However, the 8-patch geometry better preserves the structure of a simple liquid at a wide range of temperatures and packing fractions, making it a good candidate for a monodisperse glass former.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Marín-Aguilar
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Frank Smallenburg
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Francesco Sciortino
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Foffi
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, 91405 Orsay, France
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35
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Iron oxide–silver patchy particles prepared by ultrasonic spray burning. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2021.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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36
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Iron oxide–silver patchy particles prepared by ultrasonic spray burning. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2021.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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37
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Sato M. Effect of the Interaction Length on Clusters Formed by Spherical One-Patch Particles on Flat Planes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:4213-4221. [PMID: 33780624 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Considering that one-patch particles rotate three-dimensionally and translate on a two-dimensional flat plane, I performed isothermal-isochoric Monte Carlo simulations to study how two-dimensional self-assemblies formed by spherical patchy particles depending on the interaction length and patch area. As the interaction potential between one-patch particles, the Kern-Frenkel (KF) potential is used in the simulations. With increasing patch area, the shape of the most numerous clusters changes from dimers to island-like clusters with a square lattice via triangular trimers, square tetramers, and chain-like clusters when the interaction length is as long as the particle radius. With a longer interaction length, other shapes of polygonal clusters such as another type of square tetramers, two types of pentagonal pentamers, hexagonal hexamers, and hexagonal heptamers also form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahide Sato
- Information Media Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
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38
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Towards Polymeric Nanoparticles with Multiple Magnetic Patches. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11010147. [PMID: 33435290 PMCID: PMC7827819 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Fabricating future materials by self-assembly of nano-building blocks programmed to generate specific lattices is among the most challenging goals of nanotechnology and has led to the recent concept of patchy particles. We report here a simple strategy to fabricate polystyrene nanoparticles with several silica patches based on the solvent-induced self-assembly of silica/polystyrene monopods. The latter are obtained with morphological yields as high as 99% by seed-growth emulsion polymerization of styrene in the presence of 100 nm silica seeds previously modified with an optimal surface density of methacryloxymethyl groups. In addition, we fabricate "magnetic" silica seeds by silica encapsulation of preformed maghemite supraparticles. The polystyrene pod, i.e., surface nodule, serves as a sticky point when the monopods are incubated in a bad/good solvent mixture for polystyrene, e.g., ethanol/tetrahydrofuran mixtures. After self-assembly, mixtures of particles with two, three, four silica or magnetic silica patches are mainly obtained. The influence of experimental parameters such as the ethanol/tetrahydrofuran volume ratio, monopod concentration and incubation time is studied. Further developments would consist of obtaining pure batches by centrifugal sorting and optimizing the relative position of the patches in conventional repulsion figures.
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39
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Jangizehi A, Schmid F, Besenius P, Kremer K, Seiffert S. Defects and defect engineering in Soft Matter. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:10809-10859. [PMID: 33306078 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01371d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Soft matter covers a wide range of materials based on linear or branched polymers, gels and rubbers, amphiphilic (macro)molecules, colloids, and self-assembled structures. These materials have applications in various industries, all highly important for our daily life, and they control all biological functions; therefore, controlling and tailoring their properties is crucial. One way to approach this target is defect engineering, which aims to control defects in the material's structure, and/or to purposely add defects into it to trigger specific functions. While this approach has been a striking success story in crystalline inorganic hard matter, both for mechanical and electronic properties, and has also been applied to organic hard materials, defect engineering is rarely used in soft matter design. In this review, we present a survey on investigations on defects and/or defect engineering in nine classes of soft matter composed of liquid crystals, colloids, linear polymers with moderate degree of branching, hyperbranched polymers and dendrimers, conjugated polymers, polymeric networks, self-assembled amphiphiles and proteins, block copolymers and supramolecular polymers. This overview proposes a promising role of this approach for tuning the properties of soft matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Jangizehi
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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40
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Liu M, Zheng X, Grebe V, Pine DJ, Weck M. Tunable assembly of hybrid colloids induced by regioselective depletion. NATURE MATERIALS 2020; 19:1354-1361. [PMID: 32719509 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-020-0744-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Assembling colloidal particles using site-selective directional interactions into predetermined colloidal superlattices with desired properties is broadly sought after, but challenging to achieve. Herein, we exploit regioselective depletion interactions to engineer the directional bonding and assembly of non-spherical colloidal hybrid microparticles. We report that the crystallization of a binary colloidal mixture can be regulated by tuning the depletion conditions. Subsequently, we fabricate triblock biphasic colloids with controlled aspect ratios to achieve regioselective bonding. Without any surface treatment, these biphasic colloids assemble into various colloidal superstructures and superlattices featuring optimized pole-to-pole or centre-to-centre interactions. Additionally, we observe polymorphic crystallization, quantify the abundancy of each form using algorithms we developed and investigate the crystallization process in real time. We demonstrate selective control of attractive interactions between specific regions on an anisotropic colloid with no need of site-specific surface functionalization, leading to a general method for achieving colloidal structures with yet unforeseen arrangements and properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiaolong Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Veronica Grebe
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - David J Pine
- Department of Physics, Center for Soft Matter Research, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Marcus Weck
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
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41
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Synthesis and applications of anisotropic nanoparticles with precisely defined dimensions. Nat Rev Chem 2020; 5:21-45. [PMID: 37118104 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-020-00232-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Shape and size play powerful roles in determining the properties of a material; controlling these aspects with precision is therefore an important, fundamental goal of the chemical sciences. In particular, the introduction of shape anisotropy at the nanoscale has emerged as a potent way to access new properties and functionality, enabling the exploration of complex nanomaterials across a range of applications. Recent advances in DNA and protein nanotechnology, inorganic crystallization techniques, and precision polymer self-assembly are now enabling unprecedented control over the synthesis of anisotropic nanoparticles with a variety of shapes, encompassing one-dimensional rods, dumbbells and wires, two-dimensional and three-dimensional platelets, rings, polyhedra, stars, and more. This has, in turn, enabled much progress to be made in our understanding of how anisotropy and particle dimensions can be tuned to produce materials with unique and optimized properties. In this Review, we bring these recent developments together to critically appraise the different methods for the bottom-up synthesis of anisotropic nanoparticles enabling exquisite control over morphology and dimensions. We highlight the unique properties of these materials in arenas as diverse as electron transport and biological processing, illustrating how they can be leveraged to produce devices and materials with otherwise inaccessible functionality. By making size and shape our focus, we aim to identify potential synergies between different disciplines and produce a road map for future research in this crucial area.
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42
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Sato M. Effect of Patch Area and Interaction Length on Clusters and Structures Formed by One-Patch Particles in Thin Systems. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:28812-28822. [PMID: 33195934 PMCID: PMC7659161 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Assuming that the interaction between particles is given by the Kern-Frenkel potential, Monte Carlo simulations are performed to study the clusters and structures formed by one-patch particles in a thin space between two parallel walls. In isothermal-isochoric systems with a short interaction length, tetrahedral tetramers, octahedral hexamers, and pentagonal dipyramidal heptamers are created with increasing patch area. In isothermal-isobaric systems, the double layers of a triangular lattice, which is the (111) face of the face-centered cubic (fcc) lattice, form when the pressure is high. For a long interaction length, a different type of cluster, trigonal prismatic hexamers, is created. The structures in the double layers also changed as follows: a simple hexagonal lattice or square lattice, which is the (100) face of the fcc structure, is created in isothermal-isobaric systems.
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43
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Paul S, Vashisth H. Self-assembly behavior of experimentally realizable lobed patchy particles. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:8101-8107. [PMID: 32935732 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00954g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report simulation studies on the self-assembly behavior of five different types of lobed patchy particles of different shapes (snowman, dumbbell, trigonal planar, square planar, and tetrahedral). Inspired by an experimental method of synthesizing patchy particles (Wang et al., Nature, 2012, 491, 51-55), we control the lobe size indirectly by gradually varying the seed diameter and study its effect on self-assembled structures at different temperatures. Snowman shaped particles self-assemble only at a lower temperature and form two-dimensional sheets, elongated micelles, and spherical micelles, depending on the seed diameter. Each of the four other lobed particles self-assemble into four distinct morphologies (random aggregates, spherical aggregates, liquid droplets, and crystalline structures) for a given lobe size and temperature. We observed temperature-dependent transitions between two morphologies depending on the type of the lobed particle. The self-assembled structures formed by these four types of particles are porous. We show that their porosities can be tuned by controlling the lobe size and temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjib Paul
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Hampshire, 33 Academic Way, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
| | - Harish Vashisth
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Hampshire, 33 Academic Way, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
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44
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Mallory SA, Bowers ML, Cacciuto A. Universal reshaping of arrested colloidal gels via active doping. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:084901. [PMID: 32872893 DOI: 10.1063/5.0016514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Colloids that interact via a short-range attraction serve as the primary building blocks for a broad range of self-assembled materials. However, one of the well-known drawbacks to this strategy is that these building blocks rapidly and readily condense into a metastable colloidal gel. Using computer simulations, we illustrate how the addition of a small fraction of purely repulsive self-propelled colloids, a technique referred to as active doping, can prevent the formation of this metastable gel state and drive the system toward its thermodynamically favored crystalline target structure. The simplicity and robust nature of this strategy offers a systematic and generic pathway to improving the self-assembly of a large number of complex colloidal structures. We discuss in detail the process by which this feat is accomplished and provide quantitative metrics for exploiting it to modulate the self-assembly. We provide evidence for the generic nature of this approach by demonstrating that it remains robust under a number of different anisotropic short-ranged pair interactions in both two and three dimensions. In addition, we report on a novel microphase in mixtures of passive and active colloids. For a broad range of self-propelling velocities, it is possible to stabilize a suspension of fairly monodisperse finite-size crystallites. Surprisingly, this microphase is also insensitive to the underlying pair interaction between building blocks. The active stabilization of these moderately sized monodisperse clusters is quite remarkable and should be of great utility in the design of hierarchical self-assembly strategies. This work further bolsters the notion that active forces can play a pivotal role in directing colloidal self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Mallory
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - M L Bowers
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - A Cacciuto
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
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45
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Huang T, Han Y, Chen Y. Melting and solid-solid transitions of two-dimensional crystals composed of Janus spheres. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:3015-3021. [PMID: 32129423 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00023j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal model systems have been extensively used in the studies of various phase transitions, but melting and solid-solid transitions have rarely been explored in monolayer colloidal crystals with anisotropic attractions. Patchy colloidal particles have served as important model systems of atoms and molecules with anisotropic interactions. In this work, we study the melting and solid-solid transitions of two-dimensional crystals composed of Janus colloidal spheres using Langevin dynamics simulation. We discovered a first-order solid-solid transition from a single crystal with uniform stripes to a novel crystal with polycrystalline domains of stripes. The centers of masses of the particles maintain the morphology of a single crystal with long-range translational and bond-orientational orders, but particle orientations form polycrystalline domains of stripes. The stripe domains form by a strain-induced nucleation process via the collective rotation of particles. In addition to this solid-solid transition, the melting transition at a higher temperature follows a two-step Kosterlitz-Thouless-Halperin-Nelson-Young (KTHNY) scenario, similar to most isotropic particle systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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46
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Kamp M, de Nijs B, van der Linden MN, de Feijter I, Lefferts MJ, Aloi A, Griffiths J, Baumberg JJ, Voets IK, van Blaaderen A. Multivalent Patchy Colloids for Quantitative 3D Self-Assembly Studies. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:2403-2418. [PMID: 32097015 PMCID: PMC7202687 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report methods to synthesize sub-micron- and micron-sized patchy silica particles with fluorescently labeled hemispherical titania protrusions, as well as routes to efficiently characterize these particles and self-assemble these particles into non-close-packed structures. The synthesis methods expand upon earlier work in the literature, in which silica particles packed in a colloidal crystal were surface-patterned with a silane coupling agent. Here, hemispherical amorphous titania protrusions were successfully labeled with fluorescent dyes, allowing for imaging by confocal microscopy and super-resolution techniques. Confocal microscopy was exploited to experimentally determine the numbers of protrusions per particle over large numbers of particles for good statistical significance, and these distributions were compared to simulations predicting the number of patches as a function of core particle polydispersity and maximum separation between the particle surfaces. We self-assembled these patchy particles into open percolating gel networks by exploiting solvophobic attractions between the protrusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlous Kamp
- Soft
Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Department of Physics, University
of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Bart de Nijs
- Soft
Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Department of Physics, University
of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Marjolein N. van der Linden
- Soft
Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Isja de Feijter
- Laboratory
of Self-Organizing Soft Matter, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic
Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven
University of Technology, Post Office
Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Merel J. Lefferts
- Soft
Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Antonio Aloi
- Laboratory
of Self-Organizing Soft Matter, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic
Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven
University of Technology, Post Office
Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jack Griffiths
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Department of Physics, University
of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy J. Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Department of Physics, University
of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Ilja K. Voets
- Laboratory
of Self-Organizing Soft Matter, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic
Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven
University of Technology, Post Office
Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Alfons van Blaaderen
- Soft
Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
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47
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Paul S, Vashisth H. Self-assembly of lobed particles into amorphous and crystalline porous structures. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:1142-1147. [PMID: 31815274 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01878f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report simulation studies on the self-assembly of hard-lobed particles (patchy particles where patches appear as lobes around a seed) of different shapes and show that various types of self-assembled morphologies can be achieved by tuning inter-lobe interactions. On self-assembly, the linear building blocks having two lobes around the seed formed rings, the trigonal planar building blocks formed cylindrical hollow tubes and two-dimensional sheets, and the square planar building blocks formed spherical clathrates. The tetrahedral, trigonal bipyramidal, and the octahedral-shaped particles formed compact porous crystalline structures which are constituted by either hexagonal close packed or face centered cubic lattices. The pore size distributions revealed that linear, trigonal planar, and square planar building blocks create highly porous self-assembled structures. Our results suggest that these self-assembled morphologies will potentially find applications in tissue engineering, host-guest chemistry, adsorption, and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjib Paul
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Hampshire, 33 Academic Way, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
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48
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Clustering of asymmetric dumbbell-shaped silica/polystyrene nanoparticles by solvent-induced self-assembly. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 560:639-648. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.10.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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49
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Li W, Palis H, Mérindol R, Majimel J, Ravaine S, Duguet E. Colloidal molecules and patchy particles: complementary concepts, synthesis and self-assembly. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:1955-1976. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00804g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
About the latest developments regarding self-assembly of textured colloids and its prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiya Li
- Univ. Bordeaux
- CNRS
- ICMCB
- UMR 5026
- Pessac
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50
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Tracey DF, Noya EG, Doye JPK. Programming patchy particles to form complex periodic structures. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:224506. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5128902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F. Tracey
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Eva G. Noya
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, Calle Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jonathan P. K. Doye
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
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