1
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Hoffmann MM, Gonzalez AA, Huynh MT, Miller KK, Gutmann T, Buntkowsky G. Densities, Viscosities, and Self-Diffusion Coefficients of Octan-1-ol and Related Ether-Alcohols. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA 2024; 69:2688-2699. [PMID: 39139987 PMCID: PMC11317982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jced.4c00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Density, viscosity, and self-diffusion coefficients are reported for octan-1-ol and the related ether-alcohols 2-pentoxy-ethan-1-ol, 3-butoxypropan-1-ol, 4-propoxybutan-1-ol, 5-ethoxypentan-1-ol, and 6-methoxyhexan-1-ol covering temperature ranges from 298.15 to 359.15 K. These new data reveal structure-property relationships affected by the presence and the position of the ether moiety in the molecular structure of the ether-alcohols. Compared to octan-1-ol, the presence of the ether moiety causes an increase in intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions, resulting in higher densities. The increase in density is less pronounced for those ether-octanols that engage in intramolecular hydrogen bonding. As for the effects of the ether moiety on the dynamics, these are generally faster for the ether-alcohols compared to octan-1-ol, suggesting that hydrogen bonding between ether oxygen and hydroxy hydrogen is weaker compared to hydrogen bonding between two hydroxy groups. The activation energies obtained from an Arrhenius analysis are higher for translational motion than for momentum transfer for all alcohols. There are additional finer details across the ether alcohols for these activation barriers. These differences cancel out for the mathematical product of self-diffusion coefficient and viscosity (Dη). The effect of water impurities on the studied properties was also investigated and found to lead to small increases in densities for all alcohols. Viscosities decrease for octan-1-ol and 2-pentoxyethan-1-ol but increase for the other ether-alcohols that can engage in intramolecular hydrogen bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus M. Hoffmann
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, State University
of New York Brockport, Brockport, New York 14420, United States
| | - Anthony A. Gonzalez
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, State University
of New York Brockport, Brockport, New York 14420, United States
| | - Mandy T. Huynh
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, State University
of New York Brockport, Brockport, New York 14420, United States
| | - Kashane K. Miller
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, State University
of New York Brockport, Brockport, New York 14420, United States
| | - Torsten Gutmann
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Technical University
Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Straße 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Gerd Buntkowsky
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Technical University
Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Straße 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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2
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Zanotti G, Palmeri F, Raglione V. Phthalocyanines Synthesis: A State-of-The-Art Review of Sustainable Approaches Through Green Chemistry Metrics. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400908. [PMID: 38837556 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Driven by escalating environmental concerns, synthetic chemistry faces an urgent need for a green revolution. Green chemistry, with its focus on low environmental impacting chemicals and minimized waste production, emerges as a powerful tool in addressing this challenge. Metrics such as the E-factor guide the design of environmentally friendly strategies for chemical processes by quantifying the waste generated in obtaining target products, thus enabling interventions to minimize it. Phthalocyanines (Pcs), versatile molecules with exceptional physical and chemical properties, hold immense potential for technological applications. This review aims to bridge the gap between green chemistry and phthalocyanine synthesis by collecting the main examples of environmentally sustainable syntheses documented in the literature. The calculation of the E-factor of a selection of them provides insights on how crucial it is to evaluate a synthetic process in its entirety. This approach allows for a better evaluation of the actual sustainability of the phthalocyanine synthetic process and indicates possible strategies to improve it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Zanotti
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia (ISM), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Salaria km 29.300, Monterotondo, 00015, Italy
| | - Federica Palmeri
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia (ISM), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Salaria km 29.300, Monterotondo, 00015, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Venanzio Raglione
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia (ISM), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Salaria km 29.300, Monterotondo, 00015, Italy
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3
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Haddadzadegan S, To D, Matteo Jörgensen A, Wibel R, Laffleur F, Bernkop-Schnürch A. Comparative Analysis of PEG-Free and PEG-Based Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems for Enhanced Oral Bioavailability of Therapeutic (Poly) Peptides. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307618. [PMID: 38308358 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to compare the potential of Polyethylene glycol (PEG-free and PEG-based self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) for the oral administration of insulin glargine (IG). Hydrophobic ion pairs (HIPs) of IG are formed using various counterions. HIPs are assessed for log P octanol/water and dissociation behavior. They are incorporated into SEDDS based on polyglycerol (PG) and zwitterionic surfactant (ZW) using response surface methodology and compared to conventional PEG-SEDDS in size, stability, and log D SEDDS/release medium. Oral IG bioavailability in PG/ZW-SEDDS and PEG-SEDDS is evaluated in rats. Among the various counterions studied, IG-BIS (bis(isotridecyl)sulfosuccinate) HIPs demonstrated the highest log P and an improved dissociation profile. PG/ZW-SEDDS and PEG-SEDDS have similar ≈40 nm sizes and are stable over 24 h. Both formulations have log D > 4 in water and >2 in 50 mM phosphate buffer pH 6.8. PG/ZW-SEDDS yielded an oral bioavailability of 2.13 ± 0.66% for IG, while the employment of PEG-SEDDS resulted in an oral bioavailability of 1.15 ± 0.35%. This study highlights the prospective utilization of PEG-free SEDDS involving the concurrent application of PG and ZW surfactants, an alternative to conventional PEG surfactants, for improved oral therapeutic (poly) peptide delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Haddadzadegan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dennis To
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Arne Matteo Jörgensen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Richard Wibel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Flavia Laffleur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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4
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Hoffmann MM, Too MD, Paddock NA, Horstmann R, Kloth S, Vogel M, Buntkowsky G. Molecular Dynamics Study of the Green Solvent Polyethylene Glycol with Water Impurities. Molecules 2024; 29:2070. [PMID: 38731561 PMCID: PMC11085543 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is one of the environmentally benign solvent options for green chemistry. It readily absorbs water when exposed to the atmosphere. The Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations of PEG200, a commercial mixture of low molecular weight polyethyelene glycol oligomers, as well as di-, tetra-, and hexaethylene glycol are presented to study the effect of added water impurities up to a weight fraction of 0.020, which covers the typical range of water impurities due to water absorption from the atmosphere. Each system was simulated a total of four times using different combinations of two force fields for the water (SPC/E and TIP4P/2005) and two force fields for the PEG and oligomer (OPLS-AA and modified OPLS-AA). The observed trends in the effects of water addition were qualitatively quite robust with respect to these force field combinations and showed that the water does not aggregate but forms hydrogen bonds at most between two water molecules. In general, the added water causes overall either no or very small and nuanced effects in the simulation results. Specifically, the obtained water RDFs are mostly identical regardless of the water content. The added water reduces oligomer hydrogen bonding interactions overall as it competes and forms hydrogen bonds with the oligomers. The loss of intramolecular oligomer hydrogen bonding is in part compensated by oligomers switching from inter- to intramolecular hydrogen bonding. The interplay of the competing hydrogen bonding interactions leads to the presence of shallow extrema with respect to the water weight fraction dependencies for densities, viscosities, and self-diffusion coefficients, in contrast to experimental measurements, which show monotonous dependencies. However, these trends are very small in magnitude and thus confirm the experimentally observed insensitivity of these physical properties to the presence of water impurities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus M. Hoffmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, State University of New York Brockport, Brockport, NY 14420, USA
| | - Matthew D. Too
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, State University of New York Brockport, Brockport, NY 14420, USA
| | - Nathaniel A. Paddock
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, State University of New York Brockport, Brockport, NY 14420, USA
| | - Robin Horstmann
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Technical University Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany (M.V.)
| | - Sebastian Kloth
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Technical University Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany (M.V.)
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Technical University Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany (M.V.)
| | - Gerd Buntkowsky
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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5
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Haro Mares NB, Döller SC, Wissel T, Hoffmann M, Vogel M, Buntkowsky G. Structures and Dynamics of Complex Guest Molecules in Confinement, Revealed by Solid-State NMR, Molecular Dynamics, and Calorimetry. Molecules 2024; 29:1669. [PMID: 38611950 PMCID: PMC11013127 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This review gives an overview of current trends in the investigation of confined molecules such as water, small and higher alcohols, carbonic acids, ethylene glycol, and non-ionic surfactants, such as polyethylene glycol or Triton-X, as guest molecules in neat and functionalized mesoporous silica materials employing solid-state NMR spectroscopy, supported by calorimetry and molecular dynamics simulations. The combination of steric interactions, hydrogen bonds, and hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions results in a fascinating phase behavior in the confinement. Combining solid-state NMR and relaxometry, DNP hyperpolarization, molecular dynamics simulations, and general physicochemical techniques, it is possible to monitor these confined molecules and gain deep insights into this phase behavior and the underlying molecular arrangements. In many cases, the competition between hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions between polar and non-polar moieties of the guests and the host leads to the formation of ordered structures, despite the cramped surroundings inside the pores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia B. Haro Mares
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Str. 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany; (N.B.H.M.); (S.C.D.); (T.W.)
| | - Sonja C. Döller
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Str. 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany; (N.B.H.M.); (S.C.D.); (T.W.)
| | - Till Wissel
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Str. 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany; (N.B.H.M.); (S.C.D.); (T.W.)
| | - Markus Hoffmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, State University of New York at Brockport, Brockport, NY 14420, USA
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Gerd Buntkowsky
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Str. 8, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany; (N.B.H.M.); (S.C.D.); (T.W.)
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6
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Cao Y, Kou R, Huang X, Wang N, Di D, Wang H, Liu J. Separation of polysaccharides from Lycium barbarum L. by high-speed countercurrent chromatography with aqueous two-phase system. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128282. [PMID: 38008142 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
The traditional method for isolation and purification of polysaccharides is time-consuming. It often involves toxic solvents that destroy the function and structure of the polysaccharides, thus limiting in-depth research on the essential active ingredient of Lycium barbarum L. Therefore, in this study, high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC) and aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) were combined for the separation of crude polysaccharides of Lycium barbarum L. (LBPs). Under the optimized HSCCC conditions of PEG1000-K2HPO4-KH2PO4-H2O (12:10:10:68, w/w), 1.0 g of LBPs-ILs was successfully divided into three fractions (126.0 mg of LBPs-ILs-1, 109.9 mg of LBPs-ILs-2, and 65.4 mg of LBPs-ILs-3). Moreover, ATPS was confirmed as an efficient alternative method of pigment removal for LBPs purification, with significantly better decolorization (97.1 %) than the traditional H2O2 method (88.5 %). Then, the different partitioning behavior of LBPs-ILs in the two-phase system of HSCCC was preliminarily explored, which may be related to the difference in monosaccharide composition of polysaccharides. LBPs-ILs-1 exhibited better hypoglycemic activities than LBPs-ILs-2 and LBPs-ILs-3 in vitro. Therefore, HSCCC, combined with aqueous two-phase system, was an efficient separation and purification method with great potential for separating and purifying active polysaccharides in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Renbo Kou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xinyi Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ningli Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Duolong Di
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Han Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Jianfei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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7
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Sánchez-Quintero Á, Fernandes SCM, Beigbeder JB. Overview of microalgae and cyanobacteria-based biostimulants produced from wastewater and CO 2 streams towards sustainable agriculture: A review. Microbiol Res 2023; 277:127505. [PMID: 37832502 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
For a long time, marine macroalgae (seaweeds) have been used to produce commercial biostimulants in order to ensure both productivity and quality of agricultural crops under abiotic stress. With similar biological properties, microalgae have slowly attracted the scientific community and the biostimulant industry, in particular because of their ability to be cultivated on non-arable lands with high biomass productivity all year long. Moreover, the recent strategies of culturing these photosynthetic microorganisms using wastewater and CO2 opens the possibility to produce large quantity of biomass at moderate costs while integrating local and circular economy approaches. This paper aims to provide a state of the art review on the development of microalgae and cyanobacteria based biostimulants, focusing on the different cultivation, extraction and application techniques available in the literature. Emphasis will be placed on microalgae and cyanobacteria cultivation using liquid and gaseous effluents as well as emerging green-extraction approaches, taking in consideration the actual European regulatory framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Sánchez-Quintero
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, IPREM, CNRS, 64 600 Anglet, France; MANTA-Marine Materials Research Group, Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, 64 600 Anglet, France; APESA, Pôle valorisation, 3 chemin de Sers, 64121 Montardon, France
| | - Susana C M Fernandes
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, IPREM, CNRS, 64 600 Anglet, France; MANTA-Marine Materials Research Group, Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, 64 600 Anglet, France.
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8
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Yang J, Wei S, Zhao J, Zeng W, Shao H, Ma X. An environmentally benign protocol for the synthesis of sugar 1,2-orthoesters in poly(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether (DMPE). Carbohydr Res 2023; 534:108902. [PMID: 38006705 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
An environmentally benign procedure has been developed for the synthesis of sugar orthoesters using anhydrous sodium acetate in poly (ethylene glycol)dimethyl ether (DMPE). Various sugar orthoesers were prepared without using volatile organic solvent and quaternary ammonium salt. The sugar orthoesters were obtained in good to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Shanqiao Wei
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jinzhong Zhao
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Huawu Shao
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.
| | - Xiaofeng Ma
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
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9
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Hoffmann MM, Too MD, Paddock NA, Horstmann R, Kloth S, Vogel M, Buntkowsky G. On the Behavior of the Ethylene Glycol Components of Polydisperse Polyethylene Glycol PEG200. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:1178-1196. [PMID: 36700884 PMCID: PMC9923754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c06773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are reported for [polyethylene glycol (PEG)200], a polydisperse mixture of ethylene glycol oligomers with an average molar weight of 200 g·mol-1. As a first step, available force fields for describing ethylene glycol oligomers were tested on how accurately they reproduced experimental properties. They were found to all fall short on either reproducing density, a static property, or the self-diffusion coefficient, a dynamic property. Discrepancies with the experimental data increased with the increasing size of the tested ethylene glycol oligomer. From the available force fields, the optimized potential for liquid simulation (OPLS) force field was used to further investigate which adjustments to the force field would improve the agreement of simulated physical properties with experimental ones. Two parameters were identified and adjusted, the (HO)-C-C-O proper dihedral potential and the polarity of the hydroxy group. The parameter adjustments depended on the size of the ethylene glycol oligomer. Next, PEG200 was simulated with the OPLS force field with and without modifications to inspect their effects on the simulation results. The modifications to the OPLS force field significantly decreased hydrogen bonding overall and increased the propensity of intramolecular hydrogen bond formation at the cost of intermolecular hydrogen bond formation. Moreover, some of the tri- and more so tetraethylene glycol formed intramolecular hydrogen bonds between the hydroxy end groups while still maintaining strong intramolecular interactions with the ether oxygen atoms. These observations allowed the interpretation of the obtained RDFs as well as structural properties such as the average end-to-end distances and the average radii of gyration. The MD simulations with and without the modifications showed no evidence of preferential association of like-oligomers to form clusters nor any evidence of long-range ordering such as a side-by-side stacking of ethylene glycol oligomers. Instead, the simulation results support the picture of PEG200 being a random mixture of its ethylene glycol oligomer components. Finally, additional MD simulations of a binary mixture of tri-and hexaethylene glycol with the same average molar weight as PEG200 revealed very similar structural and physical properties as for PEG200.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus M. Hoffmann
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, State University
of New York College at Brockport, Brockport, New York14420, United States,. Phone: + 1(585) 395-5587. Fax: + 1(585) 395-5805
| | - Matthew D. Too
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, State University
of New York College at Brockport, Brockport, New York14420, United States
| | - Nathaniel A. Paddock
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, State University
of New York College at Brockport, Brockport, New York14420, United States
| | - Robin Horstmann
- Institute
of Condensed Matter Physics, Technical University
Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße
6, 64289Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kloth
- Institute
of Condensed Matter Physics, Technical University
Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße
6, 64289Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institute
of Condensed Matter Physics, Technical University
Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße
6, 64289Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Gerd Buntkowsky
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Technical University
Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße
8, D-64287Darmstadt, Germany,. Phone: + 49 6151 16-21116. Fax: + 49 6151 16-21119
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10
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Zhan X, Zhao X, Ge R, Gao Z, Wang L, Sun X, Li J. Constructing high-efficiency transport pathways via incorporating DP-POSS into PEG membranes for pervaporative desulfurization. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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11
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Balsam Poplar Buds: Extraction of Potential Phenolic Compounds with Polyethylene Glycol Aqueous Solution, Thermal Sterilization of Extracts and Challenges to Their Application in Topical Ocular Formulations. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091771. [PMID: 36139845 PMCID: PMC9495353 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds of natural origin have been valued for their beneficial effects on health since ancient times. During our study, we performed the extraction of phenolic compounds from balsam poplar buds using different concentrations of aqueous polyethylene glycol 400 solvents (10-30% PEG400). The aqueous 30% PEG400 extract showed the best phenolic yield. The stability of the extract during autoclave sterilization was evaluated. The extract remained stable under heat sterilization. Ophthalmic formulations are formed using different concentrations (8-15%) of poloxamer 407 (P407) together with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (0.3%), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (0.3%) or hyaluronic acid (0.1%). Physicochemical parameters of the formulations remained significantly unchanged after sterilization. Formulations based on 12% P407 exhibited properties characteristic of in situ gels, the gelation point of the formulations was close to the temperature of the cornea. After evaluating the amount of released compounds, it was found that, as the concentration of polymers increases, the amount of released compounds decreases. Formulations based on 15% P407 released the least biologically active compounds. Sterilized formulations remained stable for 30 days.
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12
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Baracaldo-Santamaría D, Calderon-Ospina CA, Ortiz CP, Cardenas-Torres RE, Martinez F, Delgado DR. Thermodynamic Analysis of the Solubility of Isoniazid in (PEG 200 + Water) Cosolvent Mixtures from 278.15 K to 318.15 K. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710190. [PMID: 36077585 PMCID: PMC9456571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The solubility of drugs in cosolvent systems of pharmaceutical interest is of great importance for understanding and optimizing a large number of processes. Here, we report the solubility of isoniazid in nine (PEG 200 + water) cosolvent mixtures at nine temperatures (278.15, 283.15, 288.15, 293.15, 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, and 318.15 K) determined by UV-vis spectrophotometry. From the solubility data, the thermodynamic solution, mixing, and transfer functions were calculated in addition to performing the enthalpy-entropy compensation analysis. The solubility of isoniazid depends on the concentration of PEG 200 (positive cosolvent effect) and temperature (endothermic process) reaching its maximum solubility in pure PEG 200 at 318.15 K and the lowest solubility in pure water at 278.15 K. The solution process is favored by the solution entropy and according to the enthalpy-entropy compensation analysis it is driven by entropy in mixtures rich in water and by enthalpy in mixtures rich in PEG 200.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Baracaldo-Santamaría
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá 111221, Colombia
| | - Carlos Alberto Calderon-Ospina
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá 111221, Colombia
- GENIUROS Research Group, Center for Research in Genetics and Genomics (CIGGUR), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá 111221, Colombia
| | - Claudia Patricia Ortiz
- Programa de Administración en Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo, Grupo de Investigación en Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo, Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios-UNIMINUTO, Neiva 410001, Colombia
| | - Rossember Edén Cardenas-Torres
- Grupo de Fisicoquímica y Análisis Matemático, Facultad de Ciencias y Humanidades, Fundación Universidad de América, Bogotá 111221, Colombia
| | - Fleming Martinez
- Grupo de Investigaciones Farmacéutico-Fisicoquímicas, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Carrera 30 No. 45-03, Bogotá 111221, Colombia
| | - Daniel Ricardo Delgado
- Programa de Ingeniería Civil, Grupo de Investigación de Ingenierías UCC-Neiva, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Sede Neiva, Neiva 410001, Colombia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +57-321-910-4471
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Copper-Catalyzed Reactions of Aryl Halides with N-nucleophiles and Their Possible Application for Degradation of Halogenated Aromatic Contaminants. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12080911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes recent applications of copper or copper-based compounds as a nonprecious metal catalyst in N-nucleophiles-based dehalogenation (DH) reactions of halogenated aromatic compounds (Ar-Xs). Cu-catalyzed DH enables the production of corresponding nonhalogenated aromatic products (Ar-Nu), which are much more biodegradable and can be mineralized during aerobic wastewater treatment or which are principally further applicable. Based on available knowledge, the developed Cu-based DH methods enable the utilization of amines for effective cleavage of aryl-halogen bonds in organic solvents or even in an aqueous solution.
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