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Ott LC, Cuenca AG. Innate immune cellular therapeutics in transplantation. FRONTIERS IN TRANSPLANTATION 2023; 2:1067512. [PMID: 37994308 PMCID: PMC10664839 DOI: 10.3389/frtra.2023.1067512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Successful organ transplantation provides an opportunity to extend the lives of patients with end-stage organ failure. Selectively suppressing the donor-specific alloimmune response, however, remains challenging without the continuous use of non-specific immunosuppressive medications, which have multiple adverse effects including elevated risks of infection, chronic kidney injury, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Efforts to promote allograft tolerance have focused on manipulating the adaptive immune response, but long-term allograft survival rates remain disappointing. In recent years, the innate immune system has become an attractive therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of transplant organ rejection. Indeed, contemporary studies demonstrate that innate immune cells participate in both the initial alloimmune response and chronic allograft rejection and undergo non-permanent functional reprogramming in a phenomenon termed "trained immunity." Several types of innate immune cells are currently under investigation as potential therapeutics in transplantation, including myeloid-derived suppressor cells, dendritic cells, regulatory macrophages, natural killer cells, and innate lymphoid cells. In this review, we discuss the features and functions of these cell types, with a focus on their role in the alloimmune response. We examine their potential application as therapeutics to prevent or treat allograft rejection, as well as challenges in their clinical translation and future directions for investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah C Ott
- Department of General Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alex G Cuenca
- Department of General Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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2
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Schroeter A, Roesel MJ, Matsunaga T, Xiao Y, Zhou H, Tullius SG. Aging Affects the Role of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Alloimmunity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:917972. [PMID: 35874716 PMCID: PMC9296838 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.917972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are defined as a group of myeloid cells with potent immunoregulatory functions that have been shown to be involved in a variety of immune-related diseases including infections, autoimmune disorders, and cancer. In organ transplantation, MDSC promote tolerance by modifying adaptive immune responses. With aging, however, substantial changes occur that affect immune functions and impact alloimmunity. Since the vast majority of transplant patients are elderly, age-specific modifications of MDSC are of relevance. Furthermore, understanding age-associated changes in MDSC may lead to improved therapeutic strategies. Here, we provide a comprehensive update on the effects of aging on MDSC and discuss potential consequences on alloimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Schroeter
- Transplant Surgery Research Laboratory and Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Regenerative Medicine and Experimental Surgery, Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maximilian J. Roesel
- Transplant Surgery Research Laboratory and Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charite Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tomohisa Matsunaga
- Transplant Surgery Research Laboratory and Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki City, Japan
| | - Yao Xiao
- Transplant Surgery Research Laboratory and Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Hao Zhou
- Transplant Surgery Research Laboratory and Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Stefan G. Tullius
- Transplant Surgery Research Laboratory and Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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3
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Ni J, Zhu H, Lu L, Zhao Z, Jiang J, You X, Wang Y, Ma Y, Yang Z, Hou Y, Dou H. Hydroxychloroquine induces apoptosis of myeloid-derived suppressor cells via up-regulation of CD81 contributing to alleviate lupus symptoms. Mol Med 2022; 28:65. [PMID: 35705919 PMCID: PMC9199128 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00493-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that results from widespread immune complex deposition and secondary tissue injury. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been used clinically to treat SLE, while its exact mechanism has still remained elusive. Some studies have shown that myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play a vital role in the regulation of SLE. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of HCQ on the apoptosis of MDSCs in lupus mice and its possible molecular regulatory mechanism. Methods We constructed the imiquimod (IMQ)-induced lupus model in mice. The proportion and apoptosis of MDSCs were measured by flow cytometry. CD81-overexpressed adeno-associated virus was intraperitoneally injected into the lupus mice. We also transfected the CD81 siRNA into bone marrow-derived MDSCs, and employed qRT-PCR and Western blotting to quantify the level of CD81. Results The results showed that HCQ ameliorated IMQ-induced lupus symptoms, and simultaneously inhibited the expansion of MDSCs. In particular, HCQ induced the apoptosis of MDSCs, and also up-regulated the expression level of CD81 in MDSCs, which might indicate the relationship between the expression level of CD81 and the apoptosis of MDSCs. CD81 was further confirmed to participate in the apoptosis of MDSCs and lupus disease progression by overexpressing CD81 in vivo. Molecular docking experiment further proved the targeting effect of HCQ on CD81. And then we interfered CD81 in bone marrow derived MDSCs in vitro, and it was revealed that HCQ rescued the decreased expression level of CD81 and relieved the immune imbalance of Th17/Treg cells. Conclusion In summary, HCQ promoted the apoptosis of MDSCs by up-regulating the expression level of CD81 in MDSCs, and ultimately alleviated lupus symptoms. Our results may assist scholars to develop further effective therapies for SLE. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-022-00493-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Ni
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Lu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihe Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxuan Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaokang You
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuzhu Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuliang Ma
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Zirui Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Yayi Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huan Dou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Oberholtzer N, Atkinson C, Nadig SN. Adoptive Transfer of Regulatory Immune Cells in Organ Transplantation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:631365. [PMID: 33737934 PMCID: PMC7960772 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.631365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic graft rejection remains a significant barrier to solid organ transplantation as a treatment for end-organ failure. Patients receiving organ transplants typically require systemic immunosuppression in the form of pharmacological immunosuppressants for the duration of their lives, leaving these patients vulnerable to opportunistic infections, malignancies, and other use-restricting side-effects. In recent years, a substantial amount of research has focused on the use of cell-based therapies for the induction of graft tolerance. Inducing or adoptively transferring regulatory cell types, including regulatory T cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and IL-10 secreting B cells, has the potential to produce graft-specific tolerance in transplant recipients. Significant progress has been made in the optimization of these cell-based therapeutic strategies as our understanding of their underlying mechanisms increases and new immunoengineering technologies become more widely available. Still, many questions remain to be answered regarding optimal cell types to use, appropriate dosage and timing, and adjuvant therapies. In this review, we summarize what is known about the cellular mechanisms that underly the current cell-based therapies being developed for the prevention of allograft rejection, the different strategies being explored to optimize these therapies, and all of the completed and ongoing clinical trials involving these therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Oberholtzer
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Carl Atkinson
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Satish N Nadig
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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5
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Yan JJ, Ryu JH, Piao H, Hwang JH, Han D, Lee SK, Jang JY, Lee J, Koo TY, Yang J. Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Attenuates Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inducing Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells. J Am Soc Nephrol 2020; 31:731-746. [PMID: 32132198 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2019060601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) can increase populations of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, innate immune suppressors that play an immunoregulatory role in antitumor immunity. However, the roles of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and G-CSF in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury remain unclear. METHODS We used mouse models of ischemia-reperfusion injury to investigate whether G-CSF can attenuate renal injury by increasing infiltration of myeloid-derived suppressor cells into kidney tissue. RESULTS G-CSF treatment before ischemia-reperfusion injury subsequently attenuated acute renal dysfunction, tissue injury, and tubular apoptosis. Additionally, G-CSF treatment suppressed renal infiltration of macrophages and T cells as well as renal levels of IL-6, MCP-1, IL-12, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, but it increased levels of IL-10, arginase-1, and reactive oxygen species. Moreover, administering G-CSF after ischemia-reperfusion injury improved the recovery of renal function and attenuated renal fibrosis on day 28. G-CSF treatment increased renal infiltration of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (F4/80-CD11b+Gr-1int), especially the granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell population (CD11b+Ly6GintLy6Clow); splenic F4/80-CD11b+Gr-1+ cells sorted from G-CSF-treated mice displayed higher levels of arginase-1, IL-10, and reactive oxygen species relative to those from control mice. Furthermore, these splenic cells effectively suppressed in vitro T cell activation mainly through arginase-1 and reactive oxygen species, and their adoptive transfer attenuated renal injury. Combined treatment with anti-Gr-1 and G-CSF showed better renoprotective effects than G-CSF alone, whereas preferential depletion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells by pep-G3 or gemcitabine abrogated the beneficial effects of G-CSF against renal injury. CONCLUSIONS G-CSF induced renal myeloid-derived suppressor cells, thereby attenuating acute renal injury and chronic renal fibrosis after ischemia-reperfusion injury. These results suggest therapeutic potential of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and G-CSF in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Joongyub Lee
- Department of Prevention and Management, Inha University Hospital School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; and
| | - Tai Yeon Koo
- Biomedical Research Institute and.,Transplantation Center and
| | - Jaeseok Yang
- Biomedical Research Institute and .,Transplantation Center and.,Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Transplantation Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of, South Korea
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6
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Emerging Role of Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cells in the Biology of Transplantation Tolerance. Transplantation 2020; 104:467-475. [DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000002996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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7
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mTOR and Aging: An Old Fashioned Dress. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112774. [PMID: 31174250 PMCID: PMC6600378 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a physiologic/pathologic process characterized by a progressive impairment of cellular functions, supported by the alterations of several molecular pathways, leading to an increased cell susceptibility to injury. This deterioration is the primary risk factor for several major human pathologies. Numerous cellular processes, including genomic instability, telomere erosion, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulated nutrient-sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular signal transduction represent common denominators of aging in different organisms. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an evolutionarily conserved nutrient sensing protein kinase that regulates growth and metabolism in all eukaryotic cells. Studies in flies, worms, yeast, and mice support the hypothesis that the mTOR signalling network plays a pivotal role in modulating aging. mTOR is emerging as the most robust mediator of the protective effects of various forms of dietary restriction, which has been shown to extend lifespan and slow the onset of age-related diseases across species. Herein we discuss the role of mTor signalling network in the development of classic age-related diseases, focused on cardiovascular system, immune response, and cancer.
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8
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Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of immunosuppressive cells of the myeloid lineage upregulated by mediators of inflammation, such as IL-2, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and S100A8/A9. These cells have been studied extensively by tumor biologists. Because of their robust immunosuppressive potential, MDSCs have stirred recent interest among transplant immunologists as well. MDSCs inhibit T-cell responses through, among other mechanisms, the activity of arginase-1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase, and the expansion of T regulatory cells. In the context of transplantation, MDSCs have been studied in several animal models, and to a lesser degree in humans. Here, we will review the immunosuppressive qualities of this important cell type and discuss the relevant studies of MDSCs in transplantation. It may be possible to exploit the immunosuppressive capacity of MDSCs for the benefit of transplant patients.
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9
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Mirzakhani M, Shahbazi M, Oliaei F, Mohammadnia-Afrouzi M. Immunological biomarkers of tolerance in human kidney transplantation: An updated literature review. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:5762-5774. [PMID: 30362556 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The half-life of transplanted kidneys is <10 years. Acute or chronic rejections have a negative impact on transplant outcome. Therefore, achieving to allograft tolerance for improving long-term transplant outcome is a desirable goal of transplantation field. In contrast, there are evidence that distinct immunological characteristics lead to tolerance in some transplant recipients. In contrast, the main reason for allograft loss is immunological responses. Various immune cells including T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, natural killer, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells damage graft tissue and, thereby, graft loss happens. Therefore, being armed with the comprehensive knowledge about either preimmunological or postimmunological characteristics of renal transplant patients may help us to achieve an operational tolerance. In the present study, we are going to review and discuss immunological characteristics of renal transplant recipients with rejection and compare them with tolerant subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mirzakhani
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shahbazi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Immunoregulation Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Farshid Oliaei
- Kidney Transplantation Center, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mousa Mohammadnia-Afrouzi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Immunoregulation Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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10
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Keränen MAI, Raissadati A, Nykänen AI, Dashkevich A, Tuuminen R, Krebs R, Johnson RS, Syrjälä SO, Lemström KB. Hypoxia-inducible factor controls immunoregulatory properties of myeloid cells in mouse cardiac allografts - an experimental study. Transpl Int 2018; 32:95-106. [DOI: 10.1111/tri.13310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Antti I. Nykänen
- Transplantation Laboratory; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
- Cardiac Surgery, Heart and Lung Center; Helsinki University Hospital; Helsinki Finland
| | - Alexey Dashkevich
- Transplantation Laboratory; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - Raimo Tuuminen
- Transplantation Laboratory; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - Rainer Krebs
- Transplantation Laboratory; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - Randall S. Johnson
- Department of Physiology, Development & Neuroscience; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology; Karolinska Institute; Solna Sweden
| | - Simo O. Syrjälä
- Transplantation Laboratory; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
- Cardiac Surgery, Heart and Lung Center; Helsinki University Hospital; Helsinki Finland
| | - Karl B. Lemström
- Transplantation Laboratory; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
- Cardiac Surgery, Heart and Lung Center; Helsinki University Hospital; Helsinki Finland
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11
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Relationship of Transforming Growth Factor-βl and Arginase-1 Levels with Long-term Survival after Kidney Transplantation. Curr Med Sci 2018; 38:455-460. [PMID: 30074212 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-018-1900-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we compared the serum levels of transforming growth factor-pi (TGF-β1), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and arginase-1 in long-term survival kidney transplant recipients (LTSKTRs) with those in short-term survival kidney transplant recipients (STSKTRs). We then evaluated the relationship between these levels and graft function. Blood samples were collected from 50 adult LTSKTRs and 20 STSKTRs (graft survival approximately 1-3 years post-transplantation). All patients had stable kidney function. The samples were collected at our institution during the patients' follow-up examinations between March 2017 and September 2017. The plasma levels of TGF-β1, IL-10, and arginase-1 were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELIS A). The levels of TGF-β1 and arginase-1 were significantly higher in the LTSKTRs than in the STSKTRs. The time elapsed since transplantation was positively correlated with the levels of TGF-β1 and arginase-1 in the LTSKTRs. The estimated glomerular filtration rate was positively correlated with the TGF-β1 level, and the serum creatinine level was negatively correlated with the TGF-β1 level. Higher serum levels of TGF-pi and arginase-1 were found in LTSKTRs than in STSKTRs, and we found that TGF-β1 was positively correlated with long-term graft survival and function. Additionally, TGF-β1 and arginase-1 levels were positively correlated with the time elapsed since transplantation. On the basis of these findings, TGF-β1 and arginase-1 may play important roles in determining long-term graft survival. Thus, we propose that TGF-pi and arginase-1 may potentially be used as predictive markers for evaluating long-term graft survival.
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12
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Du XX, Guo YL, Zhao YP, Yang M, Chang S, Liu B, Cai LJ, Chen ZK. Accumulation of High Levels of Monocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Enhances Graft Survival in Almost-Tolerant Kidney Transplant Recipients. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:3314-3320. [PMID: 30577201 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of immature cells that suppress immune responses during organ transplantation and participate in mediating long-term graft survival and immune tolerance in animal transplant models. However, their role in regulating transplant tolerance in human subjects is not well understood. In the present study, we investigated the role of MDSCs in mediating long-term graft survival in almost-tolerant kidney transplant recipients (ATKTRs) and the mechanism(s) responsible for increasing MDSC numbers in these recipients. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from whole blood samples were collected from 30 ATKTRs (graft survival, > 10 years after kidney transplant [KTx]) treated with low doses of immunosuppressive drugs and with stable kidney function, 10 short-term graft survival kidney transplant recipients (STKTRs; graft survival, ∼1-3 years post-KTx) with stable kidney function, and 10 healthy donors (HDs). MDSC and regulatory T cell (Tregs) levels were analyzed using multicolor flow cytometry in PBMCs. RESULTS ATKTRs had significantly higher levels of monocytic MDSCs (P < .001) and CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Tregs than STKTRs and HDs. Furthermore, the M-MDSC levels correlated positively with the survival rates, estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) of grafts, and the levels of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Tregs in ATKTRs. CONCLUSIONS Accumulation of high levels of MDSCs was observed in ATKTRs. Changes in MDSC levels may play important roles in mediating transplant tolerance and regulating Tregs. Therefore, we propose that MDSCs may be potentially used for recognizing tolerant transplant recipients and guiding dosage reduction for immunosuppressive drugs for KTx.
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Affiliation(s)
- X X Du
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Y L Guo
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Y P Zhao
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - M Yang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - S Chang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - B Liu
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - L J Cai
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Z K Chen
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
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13
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Zhang C, Wang S, Liu Y, Yang C. Epigenetics in myeloid derived suppressor cells: a sheathed sword towards cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:57452-57463. [PMID: 27458169 PMCID: PMC5303001 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a heterogeneous population of cells composed of progenitors and precursors to myeloid cells, are deemed to participate in the development of tumor-favoring immunosuppressive microenvironment. Thus, the regulatory strategies targeting MDSCs' expansion, differentiation, accumulation and function could possibly be effective “weapons” in anti-tumor immunotherapies. Epigenetic mechanisms, which involve DNA modification, covalent histone modification and RNA interference, result in the heritable down-regulation or silencing of gene expression without a change in DNA sequences. Epigenetic modification of MDSC's functional plasticity leads to the remodeling of its characteristics, therefore reframing the microenvironment towards countering tumor growth and metastasis. This review summarized the pertinent findings on the DNA methylation, covalent histone modification, microRNAs and small interfering RNAs targeting MDSC in cancer genesis, progression and metastasis. The potentials as well as possible obstacles in translating into anti-cancer therapeutics were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufeng Liu
- General Surgery, Department of Nursing, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China
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14
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Negorev D, Beier UH, Zhang T, Quatromoni JG, Bhojnagarwala P, Albelda SM, Singhal S, Eruslanov E, Lohoff FW, Levine MH, Diamond JM, Christie JD, Hancock WW, Akimova T. Human neutrophils can mimic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSC) and suppress microbead or lectin-induced T cell proliferation through artefactual mechanisms. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3135. [PMID: 29453429 PMCID: PMC5816646 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21450-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We report that human conventional CD15+ neutrophils can be isolated in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) layer during Ficoll gradient separation, and that they can impair T cell proliferation in vitro without concomitant neutrophil activation and killing. This effect was observed in a total of 92 patients with organ transplants, lung cancer or anxiety/depression, and in 18 healthy donors. Although such features are typically associated in the literature with the presence of certain myeloid-derived suppressor cell (PMN-MDSC) populations, we found that commercial centrifuge tubes that contained membranes or gels for PBMC isolation led to up to 70% PBMC contamination by CD15+ neutrophils, with subsequent suppressive effects in certain cellular assays. In particular, the suppressive activity of human MDSC should not be evaluated using lectin or microbead stimulation, whereas assays involving soluble or plate-bound antibodies or MLR are unaffected. We conclude that CD15+ neutrophil contamination, and associated effects on suppressor assays, can lead to significant artefacts in studies of human PMN-MDSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri Negorev
- The Pathology Bioresource, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ulf H Beier
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, PA, 19104, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Division of Transplant Immunology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jon G Quatromoni
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Pratik Bhojnagarwala
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Steven M Albelda
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sunil Singhal
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Evgeniy Eruslanov
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Falk W Lohoff
- Section on Clinical Genomics and Experimental Therapeutics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892-154, USA
| | - Matthew H Levine
- Department of Surgery, Penn Transplant Institute, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Joshua M Diamond
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jason D Christie
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Wayne W Hancock
- Division of Transplant Immunology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tatiana Akimova
- Division of Transplant Immunology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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15
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Jeong HJ, Lee HJ, Ko JH, Cho BJ, Park SY, Park JW, Choi SR, Heo JW, Yoon SO, Oh JY. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Mediate Inflammation Resolution in Humans and Mice with Autoimmune Uveoretinitis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 200:1306-1315. [PMID: 29311360 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Resolution of inflammation is an active process that leads to tissue homeostasis and involves multiple cellular and molecular mechanisms. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have recently emerged as important cellular components in the resolution of inflammation because of their activities to suppress T cell activation. In this article, we show that HLA-DR-CD11b+CD33+CD14+ human MDSCs and CD11b+Ly6G-Ly6C+ mouse MDSCs markedly increased in patients and mice during and before the resolution phase of autoimmune uveoretinitis. CD11b+Ly6C+ monocytes isolated from autoimmune uveoretinitis mice were able to suppress T cell proliferation in culture, and adoptive transfer of the cells accelerated the remission of autoimmune uveoretinitis in mice. Alternatively, depletion of CD11b+Ly6C+ monocytes at the resolution phase, but not CD11b+Ly6G+ granulocytes, exacerbated the disease. These findings collectively indicate that monocytic MDSCs serve as regulatory cells mediating the resolution of autoimmune uveoretinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jeong Jeong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea.,Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Seoul Artificial Eye Center, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea.,Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Seoul Artificial Eye Center, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Jung Hwa Ko
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea.,Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Seoul Artificial Eye Center, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Bum-Joo Cho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24253, Korea; and
| | - Se Yeon Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea.,Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Seoul Artificial Eye Center, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Jong Woo Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea.,Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Seoul Artificial Eye Center, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Se Rang Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Jang Won Heo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Sun-Ok Yoon
- R & D Lab, Eutilex Co., Ltd., Seoul 08594, Korea
| | - Joo Youn Oh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; .,Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Seoul Artificial Eye Center, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul 03080, Korea
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16
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Ostrand-Rosenberg S, Sinha P, Figley C, Long R, Park D, Carter D, Clements VK. Frontline Science: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) facilitate maternal-fetal tolerance in mice. J Leukoc Biol 2017; 101:1091-1101. [PMID: 28007981 PMCID: PMC5380379 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1hi1016-306rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
During successful pregnancy, a woman is immunologically tolerant of her genetically and antigenically disparate fetus, a state known as maternal-fetal tolerance. How this state is maintained has puzzled investigators for more than half a century. Diverse, immune and nonimmune mechanisms have been proposed; however, these mechanisms appear to be unrelated and to act independently. A population of immune suppressive cells called myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) accumulates in pregnant mice and women. Given the profound immune suppressive function of MDSCs, it has been suggested that this cell population may facilitate successful pregnancy by contributing to maternal-fetal tolerance. We now report that myeloid cells with the characteristics of MDSCs not only accumulate in the circulation and uterus of female mice following mating but also suppress T cell activation and function in pregnant mice. Depletion of cells with the phenotype and function of MDSCs from gestation d 0.5 through d 7.5 resulted in implantation failure, increased T cell activation, and increased T cell infiltration into the uterus, whereas induction of MDSCs restored successful pregnancy and reduced T cell activation. MDSC-mediated suppression during pregnancy was accompanied by the down-regulation of L-selectin on naïve T cells and a reduced ability of naïve T cells to enter lymph nodes and become activated. Because MDSCs regulate many of the immune and nonimmune mechanisms previously attributed to maternal-fetal tolerance, MDSCs may be a unifying mechanism promoting maternal-fetal tolerance, and their induction may facilitate successful pregnancy in women who spontaneously abort or miscarry because of dysfunctional maternal-fetal tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Ostrand-Rosenberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;
| | - Pratima Sinha
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Chas Figley
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ramses Long
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - DoHwan Park
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; and
| | | | - Virginia K Clements
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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17
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Myeloid Cell-Specific Knockout of NFI-A Improves Sepsis Survival. Infect Immun 2017; 85:IAI.00066-17. [PMID: 28167668 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00066-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid progenitor-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) arise from myeloid progenitors and suppress both innate and adaptive immunity. MDSCs expand during the later phases of sepsis in mice, promote immunosuppression, and reduce survival. Here, we report that the myeloid differentiation-related transcription factor nuclear factor I-A (NFI-A) controls MDSC expansion during sepsis and impacts survival. Unlike MDSCs, myeloid cells with conditional deletion of the Nfia gene normally differentiated into effector cells during sepsis, cleared infecting bacteria, and did not express immunosuppressive mediators. In contrast, ectopic expression of NFI-A in myeloid progenitors from NFI-A myeloid cell-deficient mice impeded myeloid cell maturation and promoted immune repressor function. Importantly, surviving septic mice with conditionally deficient NFI-A myeloid cells were able to respond to challenge with bacterial endotoxin by mounting an acute inflammatory response. Together, these results support the concept of NFI-A as a master molecular transcriptome switch that controls myeloid cell differentiation and maturation and that malfunction of this switch during sepsis promotes MDSC expansion that adversely impacts sepsis outcome.
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18
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Koehn BH, Blazar BR. Role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. J Leukoc Biol 2017; 102:335-341. [PMID: 28148718 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.5mr1116-464r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) can be a devastating complication for as many as a third of patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT). A role for myeloid cells in the amplification of GVHD has been demonstrated; however, less is understood about a potential regulatory role that myeloid cells play or whether such cells may be manipulated and applied therapeutically. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a naturally occurring immune regulatory population that are engaged and expand shortly after many forms of immune distress, including cancer, trauma, and infection. As MDSCs are often associated with chronic disease, inflammation, and even the promotion of tumor growth (regarding angiogenesis/metastasis), they can appear to be predictors of poor outcomes and therefore, vilified; yet, this association doesn't match with their perceived function of suppressing inflammation. Here, we explore the role of MDSC in GVHD in an attempt to investigate potential synergies that may be promoted, leading to better patient outcomes after allo-HCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent H Koehn
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Bruce R Blazar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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19
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Yan JJ, Jambaldorj E, Lee JG, Jang JY, Shim JM, Han M, Koo TY, Ahn C, Yang J. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor treatment ameliorates lupus nephritis through the expansion of regulatory T cells. BMC Nephrol 2016; 17:175. [PMID: 27846813 PMCID: PMC5111287 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-016-0380-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) can induce regulatory T cells (Tregs) as well as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Despite the immune modulatory effects of G-CSF, results of G-CSF treatment in systemic lupus erythematosus are still controversial. We therefore investigated whether G-CSF can ameliorate lupus nephritis and studied the underlying mechanisms. Methods NZB/W F1 female mice were treated with G-CSF or phosphate-buffered saline for 5 consecutive days every week from 24 weeks of age, and were analyzed at 36 weeks of age. Results G-CSF treatment decreased proteinuria and serum anti-dsDNA, increased serum complement component 3 (C3), and attenuated renal tissue injury including deposition of IgG and C3. G-CSF treatment also decreased serum levels of BUN and creatinine, and ultimately decreased mortality of NZB/W F1 mice. G-CSF treatment induced expansion of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs, with decreased renal infiltration of T cells, B cells, inflammatory granulocytes and monocytes in both kidneys and spleen. G-CSF treatment also decreased expression levels of MCP-1, IL-6, IL-2, and IL-10 in renal tissues as well as serum levels of MCP-1, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, and IL-17. When Tregs were depleted by PC61 treatment, G-CSF-mediated protective effects on lupus nephritis were abrogated. Conclusions G-CSF treatment ameliorated lupus nephritis through the preferential expansion of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs. Therefore, G-CSF has a therapeutic potential for lupus nephritis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12882-016-0380-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Jing Yan
- Transplantation Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Enkthuya Jambaldorj
- Transplantation Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ghi Lee
- Transplantation Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Young Jang
- Transplantation Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Shim
- Transplantation Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyeun Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai Yeon Koo
- Transplantation Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Curie Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeseok Yang
- Transplantation Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea. .,Transplantation Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Fernandez IE, Greiffo FR, Frankenberger M, Bandres J, Heinzelmann K, Neurohr C, Hatz R, Hartl D, Behr J, Eickelberg O. Peripheral blood myeloid-derived suppressor cells reflect disease status in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Eur Respir J 2016; 48:1171-1183. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01826-2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fibroproliferative disease with irreversible lung function loss and poor survival. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are associated with poor prognosis in cancer, facilitating immune evasion. The abundance and function of MDSC in IPF is currently unknown.Fluorescence-activated cell sorting was performed in 170 patients (IPF: n=69; non-IPF interstitial lung disease (ILD): n=56; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): n=23; healthy controls: n=22) to quantify blood MDSC and lymphocyte subtypes. MDSC abundance was correlated with lung function, MDSC localisation was performed by immunofluorescence. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) mRNA levels were analysed by qRT-PCR.We detected increased MDSC in IPF and non-IPF ILD compared with controls (30.99±15.61% versus 18.96±8.17%, p≤0.01). Circulating MDSC inversely correlated with maximum vital capacity (r= −0.48, p≤0.0001) in IPF, but not in COPD or non-IPF ILD. MDSC suppressed autologous T-cells. The mRNA levels of co-stimulatory T-cell signals were significantly downregulated in IPF PBMC. Importantly, CD33+CD11b+ cells, suggestive of MDSC, were detected in fibrotic niches of IPF lungs.We identified increased MDSC in IPF and non-IPF ILD, suggesting that elevated MDSC may cause a blunted immune response. MDSC inversely correlate with lung function only in IPF, identifying them as potent biomarkers for disease progression. Controlling expansion and accumulation of MDSC, or blocking their T-cell suppression, represents a promising therapy in IPF.
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21
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Stallone G, Infante B, Di Lorenzo A, Rascio F, Zaza G, Grandaliano G. mTOR inhibitors effects on regulatory T cells and on dendritic cells. J Transl Med 2016; 14:152. [PMID: 27245075 PMCID: PMC4886438 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0916-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a cytoplasmic serine/threonine kinase, represents a key biologic "switch" modulating cell metabolisms in response to environmental signals and is now recognized as a central regulator of the immune system. There is an increasing body of evidence supporting the hypothesis that mTOR inhibitors exhibit several biological properties in addition to immunosuppression, including anti-neoplastic effects, cardio-protective activities, and an array of immunomodulatory actions facilitating the development of an operational graft tolerance. The biological mechanisms explaining how mTOR inhibition can enable a tolerogenic state are still largely unclear. The induction of transplant tolerance might at the same time decrease rejection rate and minimize immunosuppression-related side effects, leading to an improvement in long-term graft outcome. In this scenario, T cell immunoregulation has been defined as the hallmark of peripheral tolerance. Two main immunologic cell populations have been reported to play a central role in this setting: regulatory T cells (Tregs) and dendritic cells (DCs). In this review we focus on mTOR inhibitors effects on Treg and DCs differentiation, activation, and function in the transplantation setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Stallone
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Tranplantation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Luigi Pinto, 1, 71100, Foggia, Italy
| | - Barbara Infante
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Tranplantation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Luigi Pinto, 1, 71100, Foggia, Italy
| | - Adelaide Di Lorenzo
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Tranplantation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Luigi Pinto, 1, 71100, Foggia, Italy
| | - Federica Rascio
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Tranplantation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Luigi Pinto, 1, 71100, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Zaza
- Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, University-Hospital of Verona, University of Verona, Piazzale A. Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, VR, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Grandaliano
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Tranplantation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Luigi Pinto, 1, 71100, Foggia, Italy.
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22
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Han C, Wu T, Na N, Zhao Y, Li W, Zhao Y. The effect of immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine A on myeloid-derived suppressor cells in transplanted mice. Inflamm Res 2016; 65:679-88. [PMID: 27147271 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-016-0949-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play important roles in preventing graft rejection. Immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine A (CsA) is widely used in clinics to treat patients with allografts and autoimmune diseases. However, the effect of CsA on CD11b(+)Gr1(+) MDSCs has not been studied. SUBJECTS The subjects of the study include BALB/c skin-grafted C57BL/6 mice and the in vitro MDSCs induction system. TREATMENT Skin-grafted mice were treated with CsA (30 mg/kg, i.p.) or control buffer daily. 0.01 μg/ml CsA was added during MDSC induction. METHODS Flow cytometry was used to check cell phenotypes and proliferation. Real-time PCR was used for gene expressions. Inducible nitric oxide synthase iNOS-knockout mice were used for the role of iNOS in the immunosuppression of MDSCs. RESULTS CsA in MDSC-induction system significantly increased the number of CD11b(+)Gr1(+)MDSCs without detectable effects on the expressions of CD31, CD115 and CD274. However, GM-CSF + CsA-induced MDSCs express higher iNOS than control MDSCs. Blocking iNOS activity by inhibitor or gene deletion significantly reversed the inhibitory effects of GM-CSF + CsA-induced MDSCs on T cell proliferation. Importantly, CsA treatment significantly increased the number and the immunosuppressive ability of CD11b(+)Gr1(+)MDSCs in allogeneic skin-grafted mice. CONCLUSIONS CsA promotes MDSC induction and immunosuppressive function, which might be of clinical importance in treating graft rejection and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlu Han
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.,Transplantation Biology Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road 1-5, Chaoyang District, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Ning Na
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Weiguo Li
- Transplantation Biology Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road 1-5, Chaoyang District, 100101, Beijing, China.
| | - Yong Zhao
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
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23
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Zahorchak A, Ezzelarab M, Lu L, Turnquist H, Thomson A. In Vivo Mobilization and Functional Characterization of Nonhuman Primate Monocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells. Am J Transplant 2016; 16:661-71. [PMID: 26372923 PMCID: PMC6521707 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence from small animal models shows that myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) can play a crucial role in inhibiting allograft rejection and promoting transplant tolerance. We identified CD3(-)CD20(-)HLA-DR(-)CD14(+)CD33(+)CD11b(+) cells in peripheral blood of healthy rhesus macaques. These putative monocytic MDSCs constituted 2.1% ± 1.7% of lin(-)HLA-DR(-) peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Administration of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF) and granulocyte CSF increased their incidence to 5.3% ± 3.4%. The total number of MDSCs that could be flow sorted from a single whole rhesus leukapheresis product was 38 ± 13 × 10(6) (n = 10 monkeys). Freshly isolated or cryopreserved MDSCs from mobilized monkeys incorporated in cultures of anti-CD3- and anti-CD28-stimulated autologous T cells markedly suppressed CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell proliferation and cytokine secretion (interferon γ, IL-17A). Moreover, these MDSCs enhanced CD4(+)CD25(hi)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cell (Treg) expansion while inhibiting proliferation of activated memory T cells and increasing Treg relative to effector and terminally differentiated memory T cells. Inhibition of arginase-1, but not inducible nitric oxide synthase activity, partially reversed the inhibitory effect of the MDSCs on CD8(+) T cell proliferation. Consequently, functional MDSCs can be isolated from nonhuman primates for prospective use as therapeutic cellular vaccines in transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.F. Zahorchak
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - M.B. Ezzelarab
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - L. Lu
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - H.R. Turnquist
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - A.W. Thomson
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA,Corresponding author: Angus W. Thomson PhD DSc, Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, W1540 BST, Pittsburgh, PA 15261,
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24
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Wu T, Zhao Y, Wang H, Li Y, Shao L, Wang R, Lu J, Yang Z, Wang J, Zhao Y. mTOR masters monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells in mice with allografts or tumors. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20250. [PMID: 26833095 PMCID: PMC4735296 DOI: 10.1038/srep20250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CD11b(+) Gr1(+) myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play critical roles in controlling the processes of tumors, infections, autoimmunity and graft rejection. Immunosuppressive drug rapamycin (RPM), targeting on the key cellular metabolism molecule mTOR, is currently used in clinics to treat patients with allo-grafts, autoimmune diseases and tumors. However, the effect of RPM on MDSCs has not been studied. RPM significantly decreases the cell number and the immunosuppressive ability on T cells of CD11b(+) Ly6C(high) monocytic MDSCs (M-MDSCs) in both allo-grafts-transplanted and tumor-bearing mice respectively. Mice with a myeloid-specific deletion of mTOR have poor M-MDSCs after grafting with allo-skin tissue or a tumor. Grafting of allo-skin or tumors significantly activates glycolysis pathways in myeloid precursor cells in bone marrow, which is inhibited by RPM or mTOR deletion. 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG), an inhibitor of the glycolytic pathway, inhibits M-MDSC differentiation from precursors, while enhancing glycolysis by metformin significantly rescues the RPM-caused deficiency of M-MDSCs. Therefore, we offer evidence supporting that mTOR is an intrinsic factor essential for the differentiation and immunosuppressive function of M-MDSCs and that these metabolism-relevant medicines may impact MDSCs-mediated immunosuppression or immune tolerance induction, which is of considerable clinical importance in treating graft rejection, autoimmune diseases and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Ruoyu Wang
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Hepatology and Cancer Biotherapy Ward, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongzhou Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Janikashvili N, Trad M, Gautheron A, Samson M, Lamarthée B, Bonnefoy F, Lemaire-Ewing S, Ciudad M, Rekhviashvili K, Seaphanh F, Gaugler B, Perruche S, Bateman A, Martin L, Audia S, Saas P, Larmonier N, Bonnotte B. Human monocyte-derived suppressor cells control graft-versus-host disease by inducing regulatory forkhead box protein 3-positive CD8+ T lymphocytes. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 135:1614-24.e4. [PMID: 25630940 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.12.1868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adoptive transfer of immunosuppressive cells has emerged as a promising strategy for the treatment of immune-mediated disorders. However, only a limited number of such cells can be isolated from in vivo specimens. Therefore efficient ex vivo differentiation and expansion procedures are critically needed to produce a clinically relevant amount of these suppressive cells. OBJECTIVE We sought to develop a novel, clinically relevant, and feasible approach to generate ex vivo a subpopulation of human suppressor cells of monocytic origin, referred to as human monocyte-derived suppressive cells (HuMoSCs), which can be used as an efficient therapeutic tool to treat inflammatory disorders. METHODS HuMoSCs were generated from human monocytes cultured for 7 days with GM-CSF and IL-6. The immune-regulatory properties of HuMoSCs were investigated in vitro and in vivo. The therapeutic efficacy of HuMoSCs was evaluated by using a graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) model of humanized mice (NOD/SCID/IL-2Rγc(-/-) [NSG] mice). RESULTS CD33+ HuMoSCs are highly potent at inhibiting the proliferation and activation of autologous and allogeneic effector T lymphocytes in vitro and in vivo. The suppressive activity of these cells depends on signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 activation. Of therapeutic relevance, HuMoSCs induce long-lasting memory forkhead box protein 3-positive CD8+ regulatory T lymphocytes and significantly reduce GvHD induced with human PBMCs in NSG mice. CONCLUSION Ex vivo-generated HuMoSCs inhibit effector T lymphocytes, promote the expansion of immunosuppressive forkhead box protein 3-positive CD8+ regulatory T cells, and can be used as an efficient therapeutic tool to prevent GvHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nona Janikashvili
- INSERM UMR1098, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LabEX LipSTIC, ANR-11-LABX-0021, Besançon, France.
| | - Malika Trad
- INSERM UMR1098, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LabEX LipSTIC, ANR-11-LABX-0021, Besançon, France
| | - Alexandrine Gautheron
- INSERM UMR1098, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LabEX LipSTIC, ANR-11-LABX-0021, Besançon, France
| | - Maxime Samson
- INSERM UMR1098, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LabEX LipSTIC, ANR-11-LABX-0021, Besançon, France; Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Baptiste Lamarthée
- INSERM UMR1098, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LabEX LipSTIC, ANR-11-LABX-0021, Besançon, France
| | - Francis Bonnefoy
- INSERM UMR1098, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LabEX LipSTIC, ANR-11-LABX-0021, Besançon, France
| | | | - Marion Ciudad
- INSERM UMR1098, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LabEX LipSTIC, ANR-11-LABX-0021, Besançon, France
| | - Khatuna Rekhviashvili
- INSERM UMR1098, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LabEX LipSTIC, ANR-11-LABX-0021, Besançon, France
| | - Famky Seaphanh
- INSERM UMR1098, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LabEX LipSTIC, ANR-11-LABX-0021, Besançon, France
| | - Béatrice Gaugler
- INSERM UMR1098, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LabEX LipSTIC, ANR-11-LABX-0021, Besançon, France
| | - Sylvain Perruche
- INSERM UMR1098, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LabEX LipSTIC, ANR-11-LABX-0021, Besançon, France
| | - Andrew Bateman
- Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Laurent Martin
- INSERM UMR1098, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LabEX LipSTIC, ANR-11-LABX-0021, Besançon, France; Department of Pathology and Cytology, University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Sylvain Audia
- INSERM UMR1098, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LabEX LipSTIC, ANR-11-LABX-0021, Besançon, France; Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Philippe Saas
- INSERM UMR1098, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LabEX LipSTIC, ANR-11-LABX-0021, Besançon, France; CHU Besançon, CIC-BT506, FHU INCREASE, Besançon, France
| | - Nicolas Larmonier
- Department of Pediatrics, Steele Children's Research Center, Department of Immunobiology, BIO5 Institute and Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz
| | - Bernard Bonnotte
- INSERM UMR1098, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LabEX LipSTIC, ANR-11-LABX-0021, Besançon, France; Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Dijon, France
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MicroRNA 21 (miR-21) and miR-181b couple with NFI-A to generate myeloid-derived suppressor cells and promote immunosuppression in late sepsis. Infect Immun 2014; 82:3816-25. [PMID: 24980967 DOI: 10.1128/iai.01495-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The sepsis initial hyperinflammatory reaction, if not treated early, shifts to a protracted state of immunosuppression that alters both innate and adaptive immunity and is associated with elevated mortality. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are myeloid progenitors and precursors that fail to differentiate into mature innate-immunity cells and are known for their potent immunosuppressive activities. We previously reported that murine MDSCs expand dramatically in the bone marrow during late sepsis, induced by cecal ligation and puncture, and demonstrated that they contribute to late-sepsis immunosuppression. However, the molecular mechanism responsible for generating these immature Gr1(+) CD11b(+) myeloid cells during sepsis remains unknown. We show here that sepsis generates a microRNA (miRNA) signature that expands MDSCs. We found that miRNA 21 (miR-21) and miR-181b expression is upregulated in early sepsis and sustained in late sepsis. Importantly, we found that simultaneous in vivo blockade of both miRNAs via antagomiR (a chemically modified miRNA inhibitor) injection after sepsis initiation decreased the bone marrow Gr1(+) CD11b(+) myeloid progenitors, improved bacterial clearance, and reduced late-sepsis mortality by 74%. Gr1(+) CD11b(+) cells isolated from mice injected with antagomiRs were able to differentiate ex vivo into macrophages and dendritic cells and produced smaller amounts of the immunosuppressive interleukin 10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) after stimulation with bacterial lipopolysaccharide, suggesting that immature myeloid cells regained their maturation potential and have lost their immunosuppressive activity. In addition, we found that the protein level of transcription factor NFI-A, which plays a role in myeloid cell differentiation, was increased during sepsis and that antagomiR injection reduced its expression. Moreover, knockdown of NFI-A in the Gr1(+) CD11b(+) cells isolated from late-septic mice increased their maturation potential and reduced their production of the immunosuppressive mediators, similar to antagomiR injection. These data support the hypothesis that sepsis reprograms myeloid cells and thus alters the innate immunity cell repertoire to promote immunosuppression, and they demonstrate that this process can be reversed by targeting miR-21 and miR-181b to improve late-sepsis survival.
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Cotransplantation with myeloid-derived suppressor cells protects cell transplants: a crucial role of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Transplantation 2014; 97:740-7. [PMID: 24642686 DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000442504.23885.f7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Islet transplantation is an alternative to pancreas transplantation to cure type 1 diabetes, but both require chronic immunosuppression, which is often accompanied by deleterious side effects. The purpose of this study was to explore prolongation of islet allograft survival by cotransplantation with myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) without requirement of immunosuppression and determine the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) produced by MDSCs in immune regulation. METHODS Bone marrow cells were isolated from wild-type (WT) or iNOS mice and cultured in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), resulting in the generation of MDSCs. WT or iNOS MDSCs were cotransplanted with islet allografts under the renal capsule of diabetic recipient mice. RESULTS Addition of HSCs into DC culture promoted generation of MDSCs (instead of DCs). MDSCs had elevated expression of iNOS upon exposure to IFN-γ and inhibited T-cell responses in an MLR culture. Cotransplantation with WT MDSCs markedly prolonged survival of islet allografts, which was associated with reduced infiltration of CD8 T cells resulting from inhibited proliferative response. These effects were significantly attenuated when MDSCs were deficient in iNOS. Furthermore, iNOS MDSCs largely lost their ability to protect islet allografts. CONCLUSIONS Cotransplantation with HSC-induced MDSCs significantly extends islet allograft survival through iNOS-mediated T-cell inhibition. The results demonstrate the potential use of in vitro generated MDSCs as a novel adjunctive immunotherapy for islet transplantation.
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Thaxton JE, Liu B, Zheng P, Liu Y, Li Z. Deletion of CD24 impairs development of heat shock protein gp96-driven autoimmune disease through expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:5679-86. [PMID: 24808359 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1302755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
CD24 binds to and suppresses inflammation triggered by danger-associated molecular patterns such as heat shock proteins (HSPs) and high-mobility group box 1. Paradoxically, CD24 has been shown to enhance autoimmune disease. In this study, we attempt to reconcile this paradox by deletion of CD24 (24KO) in a lupus-like disease model driven by forced expression of HSP gp96 at the cell surface (transgenic mice [tm]). As expected, tm24KO mice showed increased CD11c(+) dendritic cell activation coupled to a significant increase in dendritic cell-specific IL-12 production compared with tm mice. However, tm24KO mice showed less CD4 T cell activation and peripheral inflammatory cytokine production in comparison with tm mice. We characterized an enhanced immune suppressive milieu in tm24KO mice distinguished by increased TGF-β and greater regulatory T cell-suppressive capacity. We found greater absolute numbers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in tm24KO mice and showed that the Ly6C(+) MDSC subset had greater suppressive capacity from tm24KO mice. Deletion of CD24 in tm mice led to diminished lupus-like pathology as evidenced by anti-nuclear Ab deposition and glomerulonephritis. Finally, we show that expanded MDSC populations were mediated by increased free high-mobility group box 1 in tm24KO mice. Thus, the deletion of CD24 in an HSP-driven model of autoimmunity led to the unexpected development of regulatory T cell and MDSC populations that augmented immune tolerance. Further study of these populations as possible negative regulators of inflammation in the context of autoimmunity is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E Thaxton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425; and
| | - Bei Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425; and
| | - Pan Zheng
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010
| | - Yang Liu
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010
| | - Zihai Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425; and
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Domen J, Li Y, Sun L, Simpson P, Gandy K. Rapid tolerance induction by hematopoietic progenitor cells in the absence of donor-matched lymphoid cells. Transpl Immunol 2014; 31:112-8. [PMID: 24794050 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2014.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Donor specific hematopoietic cell transplantation has long been recognized for its potential in tolerance induction for subsequently transplanted organs. We have recently published that co-administration of Myeloid Progenitor (MP) and third party Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSC) can induce MP-specific tolerance for subsequently transplanted organs [1]. METHODS Mice received an allogeneic HSC and third party MP transplantation simultaneous with placement of a MP-matched skin graft. Variants tested include time of graft placement, MP genotype and source of cells. RESULTS Using B10;B6-Rag2(-/-)Il2rg(-/-) mice, we demonstrate that specific tolerance can be induced by MP given simultaneous with the skin graft in the complete absence of MP-donor-matched lymphoid cells. Ex vivo expanded MP function as well as sorted cells in inducing tolerance. In addition we demonstrate that tolerance can be induced by MP in the context of autologous HSC transplantation. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that the previously observed expansion of organ donor matched Treg is not essential for tolerance, and that MP tolerance protocols can be envisioned in most clinical settings, including those involving deceased donor organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jos Domen
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Children's Mercy Hospital and Clinics, Kansas City MO64108, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States.
| | - Yongwu Li
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Children's Mercy Hospital and Clinics, Kansas City MO64108, United States.
| | - Lei Sun
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Children's Mercy Hospital and Clinics, Kansas City MO64108, United States.
| | - Pippa Simpson
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.
| | - Kimberly Gandy
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Children's Mercy Hospital and Clinics, Kansas City MO64108, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.
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Makki K, Taront S, Molendi-Coste O, Bouchaert E, Neve B, Eury E, Lobbens S, Labalette M, Duez H, Staels B, Dombrowicz D, Froguel P, Wolowczuk I. Beneficial metabolic effects of rapamycin are associated with enhanced regulatory cells in diet-induced obese mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92684. [PMID: 24710396 PMCID: PMC3977858 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The “mechanistic target of rapamycin” (mTOR) is a central controller of growth, proliferation and/or motility of various cell-types ranging from adipocytes to immune cells, thereby linking metabolism and immunity. mTOR signaling is overactivated in obesity, promoting inflammation and insulin resistance. Therefore, great interest exists in the development of mTOR inhibitors as therapeutic drugs for obesity or diabetes. However, despite a plethora of studies characterizing the metabolic consequences of mTOR inhibition in rodent models, its impact on immune changes associated with the obese condition has never been questioned so far. To address this, we used a mouse model of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice with and without pharmacologic mTOR inhibition by rapamycin. Rapamycin was weekly administrated to HFD-fed C57BL/6 mice for 22 weeks. Metabolic effects were determined by glucose and insulin tolerance tests and by indirect calorimetry measures of energy expenditure. Inflammatory response and immune cell populations were characterized in blood, adipose tissue and liver. In parallel, the activities of both mTOR complexes (e. g. mTORC1 and mTORC2) were determined in adipose tissue, muscle and liver. We show that rapamycin-treated mice are leaner, have enhanced energy expenditure and are protected against insulin resistance. These beneficial metabolic effects of rapamycin were associated to significant changes of the inflammatory profiles of both adipose tissue and liver. Importantly, immune cells with regulatory functions such as regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were increased in adipose tissue. These rapamycin-triggered metabolic and immune effects resulted from mTORC1 inhibition whilst mTORC2 activity was intact. Taken together, our results reinforce the notion that controlling immune regulatory cells in metabolic tissues is crucial to maintain a proper metabolic status and, more generally, comfort the need to search for novel pharmacological inhibitors of the mTOR signaling pathway to prevent and/or treat metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kassem Makki
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France
- Lille 2 University, Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Lille, France
| | - Solenne Taront
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France
- Lille 2 University, Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Lille, France
| | - Olivier Molendi-Coste
- Lille 2 University, Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Lille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), UMR1011, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France
| | - Emmanuel Bouchaert
- Lille 2 University, Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Lille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), UMR1011, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France
| | - Bernadette Neve
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France
- Lille 2 University, Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Lille, France
| | - Elodie Eury
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France
- Lille 2 University, Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Lille, France
| | - Stéphane Lobbens
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France
- Lille 2 University, Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Lille, France
| | - Myriam Labalette
- Lille 2 University, Lille, France
- Immunology Institute, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU) Lille and Equipe d'Accueil (EA)2686, Lille 2 University, Lille, France
| | - Hélène Duez
- Lille 2 University, Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Lille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), UMR1011, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France
| | - Bart Staels
- Lille 2 University, Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Lille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), UMR1011, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France
| | - David Dombrowicz
- Lille 2 University, Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Lille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), UMR1011, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France
- Lille 2 University, Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Lille, France
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (PF); (IW)
| | - Isabelle Wolowczuk
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille, France
- Lille 2 University, Lille, France
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Lille, France
- * E-mail: (PF); (IW)
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Gong W, Ge F, Liu D, Wu Y, Liu F, Kim BS, Huang T, Koulmanda M, Robson SC, Strom TB. Role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in mouse pre-sensitized cardiac transplant model. Clin Immunol 2014; 153:8-16. [PMID: 24691417 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2014.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Harness of sensitized transplantation remains a clinical challenge particularly in parallel with prolonged cold ischemia time (PCI)-mediated injury. Our present study was to test the role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in mouse pre-sensitized transplantation. Our findings revealed that CD11b+Gr1(low) MDSC was shown to have strong suppressive activity. MDSCs subsets from the tolerated mice exhibited higher suppressive capacities compared with counterparts from naive (untreated) mice. Depletion of Tregs could not affect splenic CD11b+Gr1(-low) MDSC frequency, but increase peripheral and intragraft CD11b+Gr1(-low) frequency. Intriguingly, boost of Tregs remarkably caused an increase of CD11b+Gr1(-low) frequency in the graft, peripheral blood, and spleen. Furthermore, peripheral CD11b+Gr1(-low) cells were massively accumulated at the early stage when allogeneic immune response was enhanced. Taken together, MDSCs could prevent grafts from PCI-mediated injury independent on Tregs in the pre-sensitized transplant recipients. Utilization of MDSC subset particularly CD11b+Gr1(-low) might provide a novel insight into improving graft outcome under such clinical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Gong
- Department of Surgery and Medicine, Transplant International Research Centre (TIRC), Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China; Departments of Medicine, Transplant Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Fangmin Ge
- Department of Surgery and Medicine, Transplant International Research Centre (TIRC), Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Dahai Liu
- Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei City, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wu
- Departments of Medicine, Transplant Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Fangbing Liu
- Department of Hemotology/Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Beom Seok Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tao Huang
- Departments of Medicine, Transplant Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Maria Koulmanda
- Departments of Medicine, Transplant Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Simon C Robson
- Departments of Medicine, Transplant Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Terry B Strom
- Departments of Medicine, Transplant Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Rosborough BR, Mathews LR, Matta BM, Liu Q, Raïch-Regué D, Thomson AW, Turnquist HR. Cutting edge: Flt3 ligand mediates STAT3-independent expansion but STAT3-dependent activation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:3470-3. [PMID: 24639346 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1300058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The Flt3-Flt3 ligand (Flt3L) pathway is critically involved in the differentiation and homeostasis of myeloid cells, including dendritic cells (DC); however, its role in the expansion and function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) has not been determined. In this article, we describe the ability of Flt3L to expand and activate murine MDSC capable of suppressing allograft rejection upon adoptive transfer. Although Flt3L expands and augments the stimulatory capacity of myeloid DC, MDSC expanded by Flt3L have increased suppressive activity. Although STAT3 is considered the central transcription factor for MDSC expansion, inhibition and genetic ablation of STAT3 did not block, but rather augmented, Flt3L-mediated MDSC expansion. MDSC suppressive function, preserved when STAT3 inhibition was removed, was reduced by genetic STAT3 deletion. Both STAT3 inhibition and deletion reduced Flt3L-mediated DC expansion, signifying that STAT3 had reciprocal effects on suppressive MDSC and immunostimulatory DC expansion. Together, these findings enhance our understanding of the immunomodulatory properties of Flt3L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian R Rosborough
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
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Abstract
Regulatory myeloid cells (RMC) are emerging as novel targets for immunosuppressive (IS) agents and hold considerable promise as cellular therapeutic agents. Herein, we discuss the ability of regulatory macrophages, regulatory dendritic cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells to regulate alloimmunity, their potential as cellular therapeutic agents, and the IS agents that target their function. We consider protocols for the generation of RMC and the selection of donor- or recipient-derived cells for adoptive cell therapy. Additionally, the issues of cell trafficking and antigen (Ag) specificity after RMC transfer are discussed. Improved understanding of the immunobiology of these cells has increased the possibility of moving RMC into the clinic to reduce the burden of current IS agents and to promote Ag-specific tolerance. In the second half of this review, we discuss the influence of established and experimental IS agents on myeloid cell populations. IS agents believed historically to act primarily on T cell activation and proliferation are emerging as important regulators of RMC function. Better insights into the influence of IS agents on RMC will enhance our ability to develop cell therapy protocols to promote the function of these cells. Moreover, novel IS agents may be designed to target RMC in situ to promote Ag-specific immune regulation in transplantation and to usher in a new era of immune modulation exploiting cells of myeloid origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian R. Rosborough
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Dàlia Raïch-Regué
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Heth R. Turnquist
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Angus W. Thomson
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cell therapy with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) has emerged as a promising tolerance-inducing strategy, as MSC are potent modifiers of immune cells within adaptive as well as innate arm of the immune system. Here, we review recent evidence on both the beneficial and deleterious effect of MSC in experimental models of solid organ transplantation as well as first clinical experiences of MSC therapy in kidney transplant recipients. RECENT FINDINGS MSC are able to reprogram macrophages toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype capable to regulate antigraft immune response. This interaction is mediated mainly by TNF-α-induced-protein-6. Conversely, MSC also take on a proinflammatory phenotype and actually could worsen graft outcome. MSC in clinical transplantation is in its infancy and nobody so far has attempted to or provided evidence that this cell-based therapy is capable to promote operational tolerance. There are, however, supporting data of the ex-vivo immunoregulatory activity of MSC in treated patients. SUMMARY MSC have a great potential as a tolerance-promoting cell therapy. Extensive investigations are still needed to dissect the mechanism(s) of action of MSC, particularly in the setting of a proinflammatory environment, and to establish specific assays for monitoring MSC-treated patients to define the protolerogenic potential of MSC-based therapy in kidney transplantation.
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Maguire O, Tario JD, Shanahan TC, Wallace PK, Minderman H. Flow cytometry and solid organ transplantation: a perfect match. Immunol Invest 2014; 43:756-74. [PMID: 25296232 PMCID: PMC4357273 DOI: 10.3109/08820139.2014.910022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the field of transplantation, flow cytometry serves a well-established role in pre-transplant crossmatching and monitoring immune reconstitution following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The capabilities of flow cytometers have continuously expanded and this combined with more detailed knowledge of the constituents of the immune system, their function and interaction and newly developed reagents to study these parameters have led to additional utility of flow cytometry-based analyses, particularly in the post-transplant setting. This review discusses the impact of flow cytometry on managing alloantigen reactions, monitoring opportunistic infections and graft rejection and gauging immunosuppression in the context of solid organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orla Maguire
- Laboratory of Flow and Image Cytometry, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Joseph D. Tario
- Laboratory of Flow and Image Cytometry, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Thomas C. Shanahan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Paul K. Wallace
- Laboratory of Flow and Image Cytometry, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Hans Minderman
- Laboratory of Flow and Image Cytometry, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
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Differential effects of smoking and COPD upon circulating myeloid derived suppressor cells. Respir Med 2013; 107:1895-903. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Hegde VL, Tomar S, Jackson A, Rao R, Yang X, Singh UP, Singh NP, Nagarkatti PS, Nagarkatti M. Distinct microRNA expression profile and targeted biological pathways in functional myeloid-derived suppressor cells induced by Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in vivo: regulation of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α by microRNA-690. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:36810-26. [PMID: 24202177 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.503037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Δ(9)-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the major bioactive component of marijuana, has been shown to induce functional myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in vivo. Here, we studied the involvement of microRNA (miRNA) in this process. CD11b(+)Gr-1(+) MDSCs were purified from peritoneal exudates of mice administered with THC and used for genome-wide miRNA profiling. Expression of CD31 and Ki-67 confirmed that the THC-MDSCs were immature and proliferating. THC-induced MDSCs exhibited distinct miRNA expression signature relative to various myeloid cells and BM precursors. We identified 13 differentially expressed (>2-fold) miRNA in THC-MDSCs relative to control BM precursors. In silico target prediction for these miRNA and pathway analysis using multiple bioinformatics tools revealed significant overrepresentation of Gene Ontology clusters within hematopoiesis, myeloid cell differentiation, and regulation categories. Insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling involved in cell growth and proliferation, and myeloid differentiation pathways were among the most significantly enriched canonical pathways. Among the differentially expressed, miRNA-690 was highly overexpressed in THC-MDSCs (∼16-fold). Transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα) was identified as a potential functional target of miR-690. Supporting this, C/EBPα expression was attenuated in THC-MDSCs as compared with BM precursors and exhibited an inverse relation with miR-690. miR-690 knockdown using peptide nucleic acid-antagomiR was able to unblock and significantly increase C/EBPα expression establishing the functional link. Further, CD11b(+)Ly6G(+)Ly6C(+) and CD11b(+)Ly6G(-)Ly6C(+) purified subtypes showed high levels of miR-690 with attenuated C/EBPα expression. Moreover, EL-4 tumor-elicited MDSCs showed increased miR-690 expression. In conclusion, miRNA are significantly altered during the generation of functional MDSC from BM. Select miRNA such as miR-690 targeting genes involved in myeloid expansion and differentiation likely play crucial roles in this process and therefore in cannabinoid-induced immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesh L Hegde
- From the Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
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El Gazzar M. microRNAs as potential regulators of myeloid-derived suppressor cell expansion. Innate Immun 2013; 20:227-38. [PMID: 23757323 DOI: 10.1177/1753425913489850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Proper development and activation of cells of the myeloid lineage are critical for supporting innate immunity. This myelopoiesis is orchestrated by interdependent interactions between cytokine receptors, transcription factors and, as recently described, microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs contribute to normal and dysregulated myelopoiesis. Alterations in myelopoiesis underlie myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) expansion, a poorly understood heterogeneous population of immature and suppressive myeloid cells that expand in nearly all diseases where inflammation exists. MDSCs associated with inflammation often have immunosuppressive properties, but molecular mechanisms responsible for MDSC expansion are unclear. Emerging data implicate miRNAs in MDSC expansion. This review focuses on miRNAs that contribute to myeloid lineage differentiation and maturation under physiological conditions, and introduces the concept that altered miRNA expression my underlie expansion and accumulation of MDSCs. We divide our miRNAs into those with potential to promote MDSC expansion and two with known direct links to MDSC expansion, miR-223 and miR-494.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El Gazzar
- Department of Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN, USA
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40
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Regulatory macrophages as therapeutic targets and therapeutic agents in solid organ transplantation. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2013; 17:332-42. [PMID: 22790067 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0b013e328355a979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review aims to provide a basic introduction to human macrophage biology and an appreciation of the diverse roles played by macrophage subsets in allograft damage and repair. Current and future strategies for therapeutically manipulating macrophage behaviour are discussed. RECENT FINDINGS Macrophages are extremely versatile effector cells that exert both immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive effects. This adaptability cannot be explained by differentiation into committed sublineages, but instead reflects the ability of macrophages to rapidly transition between states of functional polarisation. Consequently, categorisation of macrophage subpopulations is not straightforward and this, in turn, creates difficulties in studying their pathophysiology. Nevertheless, particular macrophage subpopulations have been implicated in exacerbating or attenuating ischaemia-reperfusion injury, rejection reactions and allograft fibrosis. Three general strategies for therapeutically targeting macrophages can be envisaged, namely, depletional approaches, in-situ repolarisation towards a regulatory or tissue-reparative phenotype, and ex-vivo generation of regulatory macrophages (M reg) as a cell-based therapy. SUMMARY As critical determinants of the local and systemic immune response to solid organ allografts, macrophage subpopulations represent attractive therapeutic targets. Rapid progress is being made in the implementation of novel macrophage-targeted therapies, particularly in the use of ex-vivo-generated M regs as a cell-based medicinal product.
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Forrester JV, Steptoe RJ, Klaska IP, Martin-Granados C, Dua HS, Degli-Esposti MA, Wikstrom ME. Cell-based therapies for ocular inflammation. Prog Retin Eye Res 2013; 35:82-101. [PMID: 23542232 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Since the plasticity and the potential for re-programming cells has become widely accepted, there has been great interest in cell-based therapies. These are being applied to a range of diseases, not least ocular diseases, where it is assumed that there is a reduced risk of immune rejection although this may be more perceived than real. There are two broad classes of cell-based therapies: those aimed at restoring structure and function of specific tissues and cells; and those directed towards restoring immunological homeostasis by controlling the damaging effects of inflammatory disease. Stem cells of all types represent the first group and prototypically have been used with the aim of regenerating failing cells. In contrast, immune cells have been suggested as potential modulators of inflammation. However, there is functional overlap in these two applications, with some types of stem cells, such as mesenchymal stem cells, demonstrating a potent immunomodulatory effect. This review summarises recent information on cell based therapies for ocular disease, with special emphasis on ocular inflammatory disease, and explores current uses, potential and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- John V Forrester
- Immunology Program, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
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Qu P, Boelte KC, Lin PC. Negative regulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancer. Immunol Invest 2013; 41:562-80. [PMID: 23017135 DOI: 10.3109/08820139.2012.685538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells with suppressive function on immune response. In this review, we discuss recent studies about mechanisms of expansion and suppressive function of MDSCs during inflammation, infection and autoimmune diseases, as well as pro-angiogenic and pro-metastatic functions of these cells in tumor development. Further, we focus on novel studies of MDSCs and therapeutic approaches to eliminate these cells in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Qu
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
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Wu T, Sun C, Chen Z, Zhen Y, Peng J, Qi Z, Yang X, Zhao Y. Smad3-Deficient CD11b+Gr1+Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Prevent Allograft Rejection via the Nitric Oxide Pathway. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 189:4989-5000. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1200068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Generation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells using prostaglandin E2. Transplant Res 2012; 1:15. [PMID: 23369567 PMCID: PMC3560989 DOI: 10.1186/2047-1440-1-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are natural immunosuppressive cells and endogenous inhibitors of the immune system. We describe a simple and clinically compatible method of generating large numbers of MDSCs using the cultures of peripheral blood-isolated monocytes supplemented with prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). We observed that PGE2 induces endogenous cyclooxygenase (COX)2 expression in cultured monocytes, blocking their differentiation into CD1a+ dendritic cells (DCs) and inducing the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1, IL-4Rα, nitric oxide synthase 2 and IL-10 - typical MDSC-associated suppressive factors. The establishment of a positive feedback loop between PGE2 and COX2, the key regulator of PGE2 synthesis, is both necessary and sufficient to promote the development of CD1a+ DCs to CD14+CD33+CD34+ monocytic MDSCs in granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor/IL-4-supplemented monocyte cultures, their stability, production of multiple immunosuppressive mediators and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-suppressive function. In addition to PGE2, selective E-prostanoid receptor (EP)2- and EP4-agonists, but not EP3/1 agonists, also induce the MDSCs development, suggesting that other activators of the EP2/4- and EP2/4-driven signaling pathway (adenylate cyclase/cAMP/PKA/CREB) may be used to promote the development of suppressive cells. Our observations provide a simple method for generating large numbers of MDSCs for the immunotherapy of autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammatory disorders and transplant rejection.
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45
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IFN-γ-induced iNOS expression in mouse regulatory macrophages prolongs allograft survival in fully immunocompetent recipients. Mol Ther 2012; 21:409-22. [PMID: 22929659 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2012.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse monocytes exposed to macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were driven to a novel suppressor phenotype. These regulatory macrophages (M regs) expressed markers distinguishing them from M0-, M1-, and M2-polarized macrophages and monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs). M regs completely suppressed polyclonal T cell proliferation through an inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-dependent mechanism. Additionally, M regs eliminated cocultured T cells in an allospecific fashion. In a heterotopic heart transplant model, a single intravenous administration of 5 × 10(6) donor-strain M regs before transplantation significantly prolonged allograft survival in fully immunocompetent recipients using both the stringent C3H-to-BALB/c (32.6 ± 4.5 versus 8.7 ± 0.2 days) and B6-to-BALB/c (31.1 ± 12 versus 9.7 ± 0.4 days) strain combinations. Nos2-deficient M regs did not prolong allograft survival, proving that M reg function in vivo is iNOS-dependent and mediated by living cells. M regs were detectable for at least 2 weeks postinfusion in allogeneic recipients. In their origin, development, phenotypic relationship with other in vitro-derived macrophages and functions, there are solid grounds to assert a near-equivalence of mouse and human M regs. It is concluded that mouse M regs represent a novel, phenotypically distinct subset of suppressor macrophages. Clinical applications of M reg therapy as an adjunct immunosuppressive therapy are currently being investigated within The ONE Study.
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Dendritic cells and regulation of graft-versus-host disease and graft-versus-leukemia activity. Blood 2012; 119:5088-103. [PMID: 22403259 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-11-364091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the only curative treatment for many malignant hematologic diseases, with an often critical graft-versus-leukemia effect. Despite peritransplant prophylaxis, GVHD remains a significant cause of posthematopoietic stem cell transplantation morbidity and mortality. Traditional therapies have targeted T cells, yet immunostimulatory dendritic cells (DCs) are critical in the pathogenesis of GVHD. Furthermore, DCs also have tolerogenic properties. Monitoring of DC characteristics may be predictive of outcome, and therapies that target DCs are innovative and promising. DCs may be targeted in vivo or tolerogenic (tol) DCs may be generated in vitro and given in the peritransplant period. Other cellular therapies, notably regulatory T cells (T(reg)) and mesenchymal stem cells, mediate important effects through DCs and show promise for the prevention and treatment of GVHD in early human studies. Therapies are likely to be more effective if they have synergistic effects or target both DCs and T cells in vivo, such as tolDCs or T(reg). Given the effectiveness of tolDCs in experimental models of GVHD and their safety in early human studies for type 1 diabetes, it is crucial that tolDCs be investigated in the prevention and treatment of human GVHD while ensuring conservation of graft-versus-leukemia effects.
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47
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Charles R, Lu L, Qian S, Fung JJ. Stromal cell-based immunotherapy in transplantation. Immunotherapy 2012; 3:1471-85. [PMID: 22091683 DOI: 10.2217/imt.11.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Organs are composed of parenchymal cells that characterize organ function and nonparenchymal cells that are composed of cells in transit, as well as tissue connective tissue, also referred to as tissue stromal cells. It was originally thought that these tissue stromal cells provided only structural and functional support for parenchymal cells and were relatively inert. However, we have come to realize that tissue stromal cells, not restricted to in the thymus and lymphoid organs, also play an active role in modulating the immune system and its response to antigens. The recognition of these elements and the elucidation of their mechanisms of action have provided valuable insight into peripheral immune regulation. Extrapolation of these principles may allow us to utilize their potential for clinical application. In this article, we will summarize a number of tissue stromal elements/cell types that have been shown to induce hyporesponsiveness to transplants. We will also discuss the mechanisms by which these stromal cells create a tolerogenic environment, which in turn results in long-term allograft survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Charles
- Department of General Surgery, Transplantation Center, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Waight JD, Hu Q, Miller A, Liu S, Abrams SI. Tumor-derived G-CSF facilitates neoplastic growth through a granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell-dependent mechanism. PLoS One 2011; 6:e27690. [PMID: 22110722 PMCID: PMC3218014 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 10/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are induced under diverse pathologic conditions, including neoplasia, and suppress innate and adaptive immunity. While the mechanisms by which MDSC mediate immunosuppression are well-characterized, details on how they develop remain less understood. This is complicated further by the fact that MDSC comprise multiple myeloid cell types, namely monocytes and granulocytes, reflecting diverse stages of differentiation and the proportion of these subpopulations vary among different neoplastic models. Thus, it is thought that the type and quantities of inflammatory mediators generated during neoplasia dictate the composition of the resultant MDSC response. Although much interest has been devoted to monocytic MDSC biology, a fundamental gap remains in our understanding of the derivation of granulocytic MDSC. In settings of heightened granulocytic MDSC responses, we hypothesized that inappropriate production of G-CSF is a key initiator of granulocytic MDSC accumulation. We observed abundant amounts of G-CSF in vivo, which correlated with robust granulocytic MDSC responses in multiple tumor models. Using G-CSF loss- and gain-of-function approaches, we demonstrated for the first time that: 1) abrogating G-CSF production significantly diminished granulocytic MDSC accumulation and tumor growth; 2) ectopically over-expressing G-CSF in G-CSF-negative tumors significantly augmented granulocytic MDSC accumulation and tumor growth; and 3) treatment of naïve healthy mice with recombinant G-CSF protein elicited granulocytic-like MDSC remarkably similar to those induced under tumor-bearing conditions. Collectively, we demonstrated that tumor-derived G-CSF enhances tumor growth through granulocytic MDSC-dependent mechanisms. These findings provide us with novel insights into MDSC subset development and potentially new biomarkers or targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy D. Waight
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Qiang Hu
- Department of Biostatistics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Austin Miller
- Department of Biostatistics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Scott I. Abrams
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
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