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Palma JA, Bunyatov MI, Hulbert SW, Jewett MC, DeLisa MP. Bacterial glycoengineering: Cell-based and cell-free routes for producing biopharmaceuticals with customized glycosylation. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2024; 81:102500. [PMID: 38991462 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.102500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Glycosylation plays a pivotal role in tuning the folding and function of proteins. Because most human therapeutic proteins are glycosylated, understanding and controlling glycosylation is important for the design, optimization, and manufacture of biopharmaceuticals. Unfortunately, natural eukaryotic glycosylation pathways are complex and often produce heterogeneous glycan patterns, making the production of glycoproteins with chemically precise and homogeneous glycan structures difficult. To overcome these limitations, bacterial glycoengineering has emerged as a simple, cost-effective, and scalable approach to produce designer glycoprotein therapeutics and vaccines in which the glycan structures are engineered to reduce heterogeneity and improve biological and biophysical attributes of the protein. Here, we discuss recent advances in bacterial cell-based and cell-free glycoengineering that have enabled the production of biopharmaceutical glycoproteins with customized glycan structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaymee A Palma
- Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Mehman I Bunyatov
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Sophia W Hulbert
- Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Michael C Jewett
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew P DeLisa
- Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Cornell Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University, Biotechnology Building, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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Jamshidi M, Cairns C, Huan Khieu N, Chan K, St. Michael F, Cox A, Sauvageau J. Optimization of the Synthesis and Conjugation of the Methyl Rhamnan Tip of Pseudomonas aeruginosa A-Band Polysaccharide and Immunogenicity Evaluation for the Continued Development of a Potential Glycoconjugate Vaccine. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:1361-1369. [PMID: 38447154 PMCID: PMC11019553 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an antimicrobial-resistant bacterium that has no vaccine approved for human use. Additionally, it has been identified by the World Health Organization as a priority pathogen for novel vaccines and therapeutic development. We previously developed a synthetic mimic of the A-band polysaccharide tip that showed promise in terms of immunogenicity for use as a glycoconjugate vaccine. In this current manuscript, we improve upon the previous work to continue the development of this glycoconjugate vaccine. Herein, we report a higher-yielding synthesis of mimics containing a handle and a spacer that improved conjugation efficiency, resulting in better carbohydrate-to-protein ratios and also good immunogenicity of these conjugates in mice and rabbits. The data suggested that perhaps only a tetrasaccharide was required to induce an immune response capable of recognizing whole cells of P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad
P. Jamshidi
- Vaccine and Emerging Infections
Research, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Chantelle Cairns
- Vaccine and Emerging Infections
Research, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Nam Huan Khieu
- Vaccine and Emerging Infections
Research, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Kenneth Chan
- Vaccine and Emerging Infections
Research, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Frank St. Michael
- Vaccine and Emerging Infections
Research, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Andrew Cox
- Vaccine and Emerging Infections
Research, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Janelle Sauvageau
- Vaccine and Emerging Infections
Research, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
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Tufail A, Akkad S, Hatton NE, Yates NDJ, Spears RJ, Keenan T, Parkin A, Signoret N, Fascione MA. Cross aldol OPAL bioconjugation outcompetes intramolecular hemiaminal cyclisation of proline adjacent N-terminal α-oxo aldehydes at acidic pH. RSC Adv 2024; 14:3723-3729. [PMID: 38268544 PMCID: PMC10806391 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08776j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Novel methods to construct small molecule-protein bioconjugates are integral to the development of new biomedicines for a variety of diseases. C-C linked bioconjugates are increasingly desirable in this application due to their in vivo stability and can be accessed through cross aldol bioconjugation of reactive α-oxo aldehyde handles easily introduced at the N-terminus of proteins by periodate oxidation. We previously developed an organocatalyst-mediated protein aldol ligation (OPAL) for chemical modification of these reactive aldehydes, but the efficiency of this method was limited when a proline residue was directly adjacent to the N-terminus due to intramolecular hemiaminal formation. Herein we explore the competition between this cyclisation and the OPAL modification and demonstrate bioconjugation can be favoured through use of acidic pH for both oxidation and OPAL, and optimisation of reaction conditions and organocatalyst. We then showcase the utility of this acidic-OPAL in modification of the cholera toxin B-subunit (CTB), a homo-pentameric protein of biomedical promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afzaal Tufail
- Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
- Hull York Medical School, University of York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Saeed Akkad
- Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Natasha E Hatton
- Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | | | - Richard J Spears
- Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Tessa Keenan
- Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Alison Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | | | - Martin A Fascione
- Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
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Urbano-Munoz F, Orne CE, Burtnick MN, Brett PJ. Use of Reductive Amination to Produce Capsular Polysaccharide-Based Glycoconjugates. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2762:139-148. [PMID: 38315364 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3666-4_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Reductive amination is a relatively simple and convenient strategy for coupling purified polysaccharides to carrier proteins. Following their synthesis, glycoconjugates can be used to assess the protective capacity of specific microbial polysaccharides in animal models of infection and/or to produce polyclonal antiserum and monoclonal antibodies for a variety of immune assays. Here, we describe a reproducible method for chemically activating the 6-deoxyheptan capsular polysaccharide (CPS) from Burkholderia pseudomallei and covalently linking it to recombinant CRM197 diphtheria toxin mutant (CRM197) to produce the glycoconjugate, CPS-CRM197. Similar approaches can also be used to couple other types of polysaccharides to CRM197 with little to no modification of the protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Urbano-Munoz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Caitlyn E Orne
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Mary N Burtnick
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Paul J Brett
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Malley R, Lu YJ, Sebastian S, Zhang F, Willer DO. Multiple antigen presenting system (MAPS): state of the art and potential applications. Expert Rev Vaccines 2024; 23:196-204. [PMID: 38174559 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2023.2299384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Technological innovations have been instrumental in advancing vaccine design and protective benefit. Improvements in the safety, tolerability, and efficacy/effectiveness profiles have profoundly reduced vaccine-preventable global disease morbidity and mortality. Here we present an original vaccine platform, the Multiple Antigen Presenting System (MAPS), that relies on high-affinity interactions between a biotinylated polysaccharide (PS) and rhizavidin-fused pathogen-specific proteins. MAPS allows for flexible combinations of various PS and protein components. AREAS COVERED This narrative review summarizes the underlying principles of MAPS and describes its applications for vaccine design against bacterial and viral pathogens in non-clinical and clinical settings. EXPERT OPINION The utilization of high-affinity non-covalent biotin-rhizavidin interactions in MAPS allows for combining multiple PS and disease-specific protein antigens in a single vaccine. The modular design enables a simplified exchange of vaccine components. Published studies indicate that MAPS technology may support enhanced immunogenic breadth (covering more serotypes, inducing B- and T-cell responses) beyond that which may be elicited via PS- or protein-based conjugate vaccines. Importantly, a more detailed characterization of MAPS-based candidate vaccines is warranted, especially in clinical studies. It is anticipated that MAPS-based vaccines could be adapted and leveraged across numerous diseases of global public health importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Malley
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ying-Jie Lu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Fan Zhang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David O Willer
- GSK, Global Medical Affairs, Vaccines Research and Development, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
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Sorieul C, Dolce M, Romano MR, Codée J, Adamo R. Glycoconjugate vaccines against antimicrobial resistant pathogens. Expert Rev Vaccines 2023; 22:1055-1078. [PMID: 37902243 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2023.2274955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is responsible for the death of millions worldwide and stands as a major threat to our healthcare systems, which are heavily reliant on antibiotics to fight bacterial infections. The development of vaccines against the main pathogens involved is urgently required as prevention remains essential against the rise of AMR. AREAS COVERED A systematic research review was conducted on MEDLINE database focusing on the six AMR pathogens defined as ESKAPE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli), which are considered critical or high priority pathogens by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The analysis was intersecated with the terms carbohydrate, glycoconjugate, bioconjugate, glyconanoparticle, and multiple presenting antigen system vaccines. EXPERT OPINION Glycoconjugate vaccines have been successful in preventing meningitis and pneumoniae, and there are high expectations that they will play a key role in fighting AMR. We herein discuss the recent technological, preclinical, and clinical advances, as well as the challenges associated with the development of carbohydrate-based vaccines against leading AMR bacteria, with focus on the ESKAPE pathogens. The need of innovative clinical and regulatory approaches to tackle these targets is also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Sorieul
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Dolce
- GSK, Via Fiorentina 1, Siena, Italy
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Jeroen Codée
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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